scholarly journals Chemical Characterization and Biological Activities of Essential Oil Obtained from Mint Timija Cultivated under Mineral and Biological Fertilizers

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayoub Kasrati ◽  
Chaima Alaoui Jamali ◽  
Robert Spooner-Hart ◽  
Laurent Legendre ◽  
David Leach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Biological Fertilizer

Cultivation of mint timija (Mentha suaveolens subsp. timija (Briq.) Harley) constitutes a promising solution to the conservation and sustainable utilization of this Moroccan endemic and threatened species. Optimized agronomic practices require mineral and/or biological fertilizer applications. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of application of a complete (N, P, and K) mineral fertilizer and vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) inoculation on the composition, antioxidant, and insecticidal properties of mint timija essential oils (EOs). The GC-MS analyses identified 27 components representing more than 99.9% of the total oils. Menthone (40.7–49.3%), pulegone (31.3–36.5%), and isomenthone (2.5–4.4%) were found to be the main constituents. Cultivation of mint timija with mineral fertilizer and VAM inoculation induced an increase in menthone content and a parallel decrease of pulegone. Both treatments enhanced the antioxidant activity of the investigated EOs in all assays (IC50 ranged from 2.34 ± 0.03 mg/mL to 6.82 ± 0.25 mg/mL), while no significant difference in the toxicities of these oils against Tribolium confusum du Val. has been observed. Overall, we conclude that cultivation using complete mineral fertilizer and VAM inoculation could be useful in modulating the chemical composition and enhancing the antioxidant activity of the EO of this endemic Moroccan species.

scholarly journals Polyphenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Uncaria tomentosa Commercial Bark Products

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirtha Navarro ◽  
Elizabeth Arnaez ◽  
Ileana Moreira ◽  
Alonso Hurtado ◽  
Daniela Monge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Commercial Products ◽  
Uncaria Tomentosa ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Polyphenolic Composition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Polyphenolic Profile

Uncaria tomentosa, which is widely commercialized as an herbal medicine, constitutes an important source of secondary metabolites with diverse biological activities. For instance, we have previously reported, for the first time, of a polyphenolic profile rich in proanthocyanidins from extracts of U. tomentosa plants, as well as their antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial activity on aerial bacteria, and cytotoxicity on cancer cell lines. These promising results prompted this research to evaluate the polyphenolic contents of U. tomentosa commercial products. We report a detailed study on the polyphenolic composition of extracts from U. tomentosa bark products (n = 18) commercialized in Costa Rica and Spain. Using HPLC-DAD/TQ-ESI-MS, a total of 25 polyphenolic compounds were identified, including hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids, flavan-3-ol monomers, procyanidin dimers, procyanidin trimers, as well as propelargonidin dimers. Our findings on the polyphenolic profile for all commercial samples show analogous composition to previous reports on U. tomentosa bark material, for instance a 41–49% content of procyanidin dimers and the presence of propelargonidin dimers (8–15%). However, most of the 18 commercial samples exhibit low proanthocyanidin contents (254.8–602.8 µg/g), more similar to previous U. tomentosa inner bark reports, while some exhibit better results, with one sample (SP-2) showing the highest contents (2386.5 µg/g) representing twice the average value of all 18 commercial products. This sample also exhibits the highest total phenolics (TP) and total proanthocyanidins (PRO) contents, as well as the highest Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) value (1.31 µg TE/g). One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with a Tukey post hoc test indicated significant difference (p < 0.05) between products from Costa Rica and Spain for TP and PRO findings, with samples from Spain exhibiting a higher average value. In addition, Pearson correlation analysis results showed a positive correlation (p < 0.05) between TP, PRO, and ORAC results, and an especially important correlation between ORAC antioxidant values and procyanidin dimers (r = 0.843, p < 0.05), procyanidin trimers (r = 0.847, p < 0.05), and propelargonidin dimers (r = 0.851, p < 0.05) contents. Finally, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) results indicated some variability in the composition regardless of their origin. However, only one sample (SP-2) stands out significatively, showing the highest PC1 because of its particularly high proanthocyanidins contents, which could be attributed to the 15% bark polyphenolic extract labeled in this commercial product, which differentiate this sample from all other 17 commercial samples. Therefore, our findings confirmed previous results on the value of extracts in the elaboration of potential commercial products from U. tomentosa, rich in proanthocyanidins and exhibiting high antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Seasonal and Antioxidant Evaluation of Essential Oil from Eugenia uniflora L., Curzerene-Rich, Thermally Produced in Situ

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamile S. da Costa ◽  
Adenilson S. Barroso ◽  
Rosa Helena V. Mourão ◽  
Joyce Kelly R. da Silva ◽  
José Guilherme S. Maia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Eugenia Uniflora ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Significant Difference

The essential oil of Eugenia uniflora has been attributed anti-depressive, antinociceptive, antileishmanial, larvicidal, antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. It is known that the cultivation of this plant can be affected by seasonality, promoting alteration in the oil composition and its biological activities. This study aims to perform the annual evaluation of the curzerene-type oil of E. uniflora and determine its antioxidant activity. The oil yield from the dry season (1.4 ± 0.6%) did not differ statistically from that of the rainy season (1.8 ± 0.8%). Curzerene, an oxygenated sesquiterpene, was the principal constituent, and its percentage showed no significant difference between the two periods: dry (42.7% ± 6.1) and rainy (40.8 ± 5.9%). Principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses presented a high level of similarity between the monthly samples of the oils. Also, in the annual study, the yield and composition of the oils did not present a significant correlation with the climatic variables. The antioxidant activity of the oils showed inhibition of DPPH radicals with an average value of 55.0 ± 6.6%. The high curzerene content in the monthly oils of E. uniflora suggests their potential for use as a future phytotherapeutic alternative.

scholarly journals Proximal chemical characterization and antioxidant activity of Persea americana leaves cv Hass, Fuerte y Criollo

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Janette FRAUSTO-MOLINA ◽  
Xochitl TOVAR-JIMÉNEZ ◽  
Rocío ÁLVAREZ-GARCÍA ◽  
Alejandro TÉLLEZ-JURADO
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Sampling Area ◽  
Green Fruit ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this work was to determine the proximal chemical composition of leaves and infusion Persea americana cv Hass, Fuerte and Criollo, as well as, their antioxidant activity by standardized analytical methods. To carry this out, P. americana leaves were analyzed according to moisture content (fresh and dehydrated), only in the sampling area from Criollo variety was found that produced green and purple fruits, therefore, the leaves of these trees were also evaluated, in order to determine if the proximal composition and antioxidant activity depends on these factors. The results indicated that there is a statistically significant difference in the proximal composition between P. americana leaves of the three varieties evaluated, as well as, their antioxidant activity, with dry leaves infusion of the Criollo variety with green fruit showing the highest activity antioxidant (70 % Inhibition ABTS).

Improvement of cytoprotective and antioxidant activity of Rosa canina L. and Salix alba L. by controlled differential sieving process against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in mouse primary splenocytes

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhal Soualeh ◽  
Aliçia Stiévenard ◽  
Elie Baudelaire ◽  
Rachid Soulimani ◽  
Jaouad Bouayed
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Salix Alba ◽  
Rosa Canina ◽  
Free Process ◽  
Plant Powders ◽  
Sieving Process

Abstract. In this study, cytoprotective and antioxidant activities of Rosa canina (RC) and Salix alba (SA), medicinal plants, were studied on mouse primary splenocytes by comparing Controlled Differential Sieving process (CDSp), which is a novel green solvent-free process, versus a conventional technique, employing hydroethanolic extraction (HEE). Thus, preventive antioxidant activity of three plant powders of homogeneous particle sizes, 50–100 µm, 100–180 µm and 180–315 µm, dissolved directly in the cellular buffer, were compared to those of hydroethanolic (HE) extract, at 2 concentrations (250 and 500 µg/mL) in H2O2-treated spleen cells. Overall, compared to HE extract, the superfine powders, i. e., fractions < 180 µm, at the lowest concentration, resulted in greater reactive oxygen species (ROS) elimination, increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) production. Better antioxidant and preventive effects in pre-treated cells were found with the superfine powders for SA (i. e., 50–100 µm and 100–180 µm, both p < 0.001), and with the intermediate powder for RC (i. e., 100–180 µm, p < 0.05) versus HE extract. The activity levels of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in pretreated splenocytes exposed to H2O2, albeit reduced, were near to those in unexposed cells, suggesting that pretreatment with the fine powders has relatively restored the normal levels of antioxidant-related enzymes. These findings supported that CDSp improved the biological activities of plants, avoiding the use of organic solvents and thus it could be a good alternative to conventional extraction techniques.

Lowland Rice Yield as Affected by Straw Incorporation and Inorganic Fertilizer Over Cropping Seasons in Fluvisol

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-141
Author(s):  
Brahima Koné ◽  
Zadi Florent ◽  
Gala bi Trazié Jeremie ◽  
Akassimadou Edja Fulgence ◽  
Konan Kouamé Firmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Straw Incorporation ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Fertilizer Effect

Grain yield stabilization of lowland rice over cropping seasons was explored using different compositions of inorganic fertilizers (NPK, NPKCa, NPKMg, NPKZn, NPKCaMg, NPKCaZn and NPKCaMgZn) and straw incorporation (3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 tha-1 ). No fertilizer and no straw amended plot was the control in a split-plot design with three replications laid in a Fluvisol of Guinea savanna in Centre Cote d’Ivoire. Three weeks old nursery rice variety NERICA L19 was transplanted. No significant difference of grain yield was observed between the different treatments excluding the highest yields recorded for treatments NPKMg (5.09 tha-1 ), NPKZn (5.15 tha-1 ) and NPKCaéMg (5.31 tha-1 ) compared with 12 (3.95 tha1 ) and 15 tha-1 (4.14 tha-1 ) as straw rates respectively. Grain yield declining trend was more pronounced for mineral fertilizer treatments showing twice greater depressive effect of cropping cycle compared with the straw especially, for treatments characterized by highest grain yield in the first cropping season and similar grain yields were recorded for both sources of nutrient in the third cropping cycle. Of slowness of nutrients releasing by straw, highest grain yield was expected for this soil amender within a longer period of cultivation whereas, unbalance soil micronutrients should be relevant to studious declining yield under inorganic fertilizer effect. Nevertheless, the straw rate of 12 tha-1 supplying 0.58% of NPK as mineral fertilizer equivalent can be recommended for sustaining lowland rice production in the studied agro-ecosystems unless for three cropping seasons.

Regioselective Synthesis of Potent 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydroindazole Derivatives via Microwave-assisted Vilsmeier-Haack Reaction and their Antioxidant Activity Evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renu Bala ◽  
Vandana Devi ◽  
Pratibha Singh ◽  
Navjot Kaur ◽  
Pawandeep Kaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
High Chemical ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Active Methylene ◽  
By Products

Background: Tetrahydroindazole, a member of the fused-pyrazole system, is a least studied class of heterocyclic compounds owing to its scarcity in nature. However, a large number of synthetically prepared tetrahydroindazoles are known to show a variety of biological activities such as interleukin- 2 inducible T-Cell kinase inhibitors, AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulators, antitumor, antituberculosis, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. Vilsmeier-Haack reaction is one of the most important chemical reactions used for formylation of electron rich arenes. Even though Vilsmeier- Haack reaction was studied on a wide variety of hydrazones derived from active methylene compounds, literature lacks the examples of the use of 4-substituted cyclohexanones as a substrate for the synthesis of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindazoles. The study of the reaction of Vilsmeier-Haack reagent with hydrazones derived from cyclic keto compounds having active methylene has been considered the interested topic of investigation. In the present study, ethyl cyclohexanone-4-carboxylate was treated with one equivalent of various hydrazines for two hours and the resulted hydrazones were further treated with an OPC-VH reagent (Vilsmeier-Haack reagent isolated from phthaloyl dichloride and N,Ndimethylformamide) afforded 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindazoles in excellent yields. The synthesized compounds 4a-f and 5a-f were screened for their antioxidant activities using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. The target compounds were synthesized regioselectively using 4+1 approach in excellent yields. A number of experiments using both conventional heating as well as microwave irradiation methods were tried and on comparison, microwave irradiation method was found excellent in terms of easy work up, high chemical yields, shortened reaction times, clean and, no by-products formation. Some of the synthesized compounds showed significant antioxidant activity. The microwave assisted synthesis of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindazoles from ethyl cyclohexanone-4-carboxylate has been reported under mild conditions in excellent yield. Easy work up, high chemical yield, shortened reaction times, clean and no by-products formation are the major advantages of this protocol. These advantages may make this method useful for chemists who are interested in developing novel 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindazole based drugs.

scholarly journals Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Plants Belonging to the Cephalaria (Caprifoliaceae) Genus

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 952
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Chrząszcz ◽  
Barbara Krzemińska ◽  
Rafał Celiński ◽  
Katarzyna Szewczyk
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Antioxidative Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Phenolic Composition

The genus Cephalaria, belonging to the Caprifoliaceae family, is a rich source of interesting secondary metabolites, including mainly saponins which display a variety of biological activities, such as immunomodulatory, antimicrobial and hemolytic effects. Besides these compounds, flavonoids and phenolic acids were identified in Cephalaria species. Cephalaria is employed in traditional medicine e.g., to cure cardiac and lung diseases, rheumatism, and regulate menstruation. In this review we focus on the phenolic compound composition and antioxidative activity of Cephalaria species. The antioxidant effect can be explained by flavonoids present in all parts of these plants. However, future efforts should concentrate more on in vitro and in vivo studies and also on clinical trials in order to confirm the possibility of using these plants as natural antioxidants for the pharmacology, food or cosmetic industries.

scholarly journals Snail mucus from the mantle and foot of two land snails, Lissachatina fulica and Hemiplecta distincta, exhibits different protein profile and biological activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nattaphop Noothuan ◽  
Kantamas Apitanyasai ◽  
Somsak Panha ◽  
Anchalee Tassanakajon
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types

Abstract Objective Snails secrete different types of mucus that serve several functions, and are increasingly being exploited for medical and cosmetic applications. In this study, we explored the protein pattern and compared the biological properties of the mucus secreted from the mantle collar and foot of two snail species, Lissachatina fulica and Hemiplecta distincta. Result Protein profile showed a different pattern between the two species and between the two secretory parts. The mantle-specific protein bands were further characterized and among them was an antibacterial protein, achacin. Accordingly, the mucus from the mantle exhibited the higher antibacterial activity than that from the foot in both snail species. The mucus from H. distincta, first reported here, also showed antibacterial properties, but with a lower activity compared to that for L. fulica. Snail mucus also exhibited anti-tyrosinase activity and antioxidant activity but with no significant difference between the foot and mantle mucus. These results indicate some different protein compositions and biological activities of snail slime from the mantle and foot, which might be associated with their specific functions in the animal and are useful for medical applications.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of a Citrus Essential Oil and Its Fractions

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 2888
Author(s):  
Carmen M. S. Ambrosio ◽  
Gloria L. Diaz-Arenas ◽  
Leidy P. A. Agudelo ◽  
Elena Stashenko ◽  
Carmen J. Contreras-Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Beneficial Bacterium ◽  
Minor Compounds ◽  
Antibacterial And Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Relative Amount

Essential oils (EOs) from Citrus are the main by-product of Citrus-processing industries. In addition to food/beverage and cosmetic applications, citrus EOs could also potentially be used as an alternative to antibiotics in food-producing animals. A commercial citrus EO—Brazilian Orange Terpenes (BOT)—was fractionated by vacuum fractional distillation to separate BOT into various fractions: F1, F2, F3, and F4. Next, the chemical composition and biological activities of BOT and its fractions were characterized. Results showed the three first fractions had a high relative amount of limonene (≥10.86), even higher than the whole BOT. Conversely, F4 presented a larger relative amount of BOT’s minor compounds (carvone, cis-carveol, trans-carveol, cis-p-Mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol, and trans-p-Mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol) and a very low relative amount of limonene (0.08–0.13). Antibacterial activity results showed F4 was the only fraction exhibiting this activity, which was selective and higher activity on a pathogenic bacterium (E. coli) than on a beneficial bacterium (Lactobacillus sp.). However, F4 activity was lower than BOT. Similarly, F4 displayed the highest antioxidant activity among fractions (equivalent to BOT). These results indicated that probably those minor compounds that detected in F4 would be more involved in conferring the biological activities for this fraction and consequently for the whole BOT, instead of the major compound, limonene, playing this role exclusively.

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