scholarly journals Cell Fragmentation and Permeabilization by a 1 ns Pulse Driven Triple-Point Electrode

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enbo Yang ◽  
Joy Li ◽  
Michael Cho ◽  
Shu Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Triple Point ◽  
Tungsten Wire ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Pulsed Electric Fields ◽  
High Electric Field ◽  
Bubble Collapse ◽  
Principal Mechanism ◽  
Point Electrode

Ultrashort electric pulses (ns-ps) are useful in gaining understanding as to how pulsed electric fields act upon biological cells, but the electric field intensity to induce biological responses is typically higher than longer pulses and therefore a high voltage ultrashort pulse generator is required. To deliver 1 ns pulses with sufficient electric field but at a relatively low voltage, we used a glass-encapsulated tungsten wire triple-point electrode (TPE) at the interface among glass, tungsten wire, and water when it is immersed in water. A high electric field (2 MV/cm) can be created when pulses are applied. However, such a high electric field was found to cause bubble emission and temperature rise in the water near the electrode. They can be attributed to Joule heating near the electrode. Adherent cells on a cover slip treated by the combination of these stimuli showed two major effects: (1) cells in a crater (<100 μm from electrode) were fragmented and the debris was blown away. The principal mechanism for the damage is presumed to be shear forces due to bubble collapse; and (2) cells in the periphery of the crater were permeabilized, which was due to the combination of bubble movement and microstreaming as well as pulsed electric fields. These results show that ultrashort electric fields assisted by microbubbles can cause significant cell response and therefore a triple-point electrode is a useful ablation tool for applications that require submillimeter precision.

scholarly journals Integrating flexible electronics for pulsed electric field delivery in a vascularized 3D glioblastoma model

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie C. Lefevre ◽  
Gerwin Dijk ◽  
Attila Kaszas ◽  
Martin Baca ◽  
David Moreau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Multiphoton Microscopy ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Tumor Model ◽  
Pulsed Electric Fields ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Cell Membrane Integrity

AbstractGlioblastoma is a highly aggressive brain tumor, very invasive and thus difficult to eradicate with standard oncology therapies. Bioelectric treatments based on pulsed electric fields have proven to be a successful method to treat cancerous tissues. However, they rely on stiff electrodes, which cause acute and chronic injuries, especially in soft tissues like the brain. Here we demonstrate the feasibility of delivering pulsed electric fields with flexible electronics using an in ovo vascularized tumor model. We show with fluorescence widefield and multiphoton microscopy that pulsed electric fields induce vasoconstriction of blood vessels and evoke calcium signals in vascularized glioblastoma spheroids stably expressing a genetically encoded fluorescence reporter. Simulations of the electric field delivery are compared with the measured influence of electric field effects on cell membrane integrity in exposed tumor cells. Our results confirm the feasibility of flexible electronics as a means of delivering intense pulsed electric fields to tumors in an intravital 3D vascularized model of human glioblastoma.

Pulsed Electric Fields Versus Thermal Treatment: Equivalent Processes To Obtain Equally Acceptable Citrus Juices

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2016-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. SENTANDREU ◽  
L. CARBONELL ◽  
D. RODRIGO ◽  
J. V. CARBONELL
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Pulsed Electric Fields ◽  
Pectin Methylesterase ◽  
Pulsed Electric Field ◽  
Citrus Juices ◽  
Pulsed Electric Field Treatment ◽  
Electric Field Treatment

Pulsed electric field treatment has been claimed to produce more acceptable chilled citrus juices than those obtained by conventional thermal treatment. The pectin methylesterase activity and the acceptability of nine juices obtained from Clementine mandarins, Valencia oranges, and Ortanique fruits (hybrid of mandarin and orange), untreated, pasteurized (85°C for 10 s), and treated by pulsed electric fields (25 kV/cm for 330 μs), were evaluated. The treatments, selected to reach a similar level of pectin methylesterase inactivation, produced juices that did not differ in acceptability from each other for the three varieties and in all cases were less acceptable than the untreated juice.

scholarly journals Cytoskeletal Disruption after Electroporation and Its Significance to Pulsed Electric Field Therapies

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip M. Graybill ◽  
Rafael V. Davalos
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Irreversible Electroporation ◽  
Pulsed Electric Fields ◽  
Pulsed Electric Field ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Cell Substrate ◽  
Membrane Effects ◽  
Cytoskeletal Disruption

Pulsed electric fields (PEFs) have become clinically important through the success of Irreversible Electroporation (IRE), Electrochemotherapy (ECT), and nanosecond PEFs (nsPEFs) for the treatment of tumors. PEFs increase the permeability of cell membranes, a phenomenon known as electroporation. In addition to well-known membrane effects, PEFs can cause profound cytoskeletal disruption. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of cytoskeletal disruption after PEFs. Compiling available studies, we describe PEF-induced cytoskeletal disruption and possible mechanisms of disruption. Additionally, we consider how cytoskeletal alterations contribute to cell–cell and cell–substrate disruption. We conclude with a discussion of cytoskeletal disruption-induced anti-vascular effects of PEFs and consider how a better understanding of cytoskeletal disruption after PEFs may lead to more effective therapies.

Critical Electric Field Strengths of Onion Tissues Treated by Pulsed Electric Fields

2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. E433-E443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suvaluk Asavasanti ◽  
Seda Ersus ◽  
William Ristenpart ◽  
Pieter Stroeve ◽  
Diane M. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Pulsed Electric Fields ◽  
Field Strengths

scholarly journals Review of the Dynamics of Coalescence and Demulsification by High-Voltage Pulsed Electric Fields

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Peng ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Haifeng Gong ◽  
Xianming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Industrial Application ◽  
Voltage Pulse ◽  
Pulse Electric Field ◽  
Pulsed Electric Fields ◽  
High Voltage Pulse ◽  
Technological Method ◽  
Pulse Electric

The coalescence of droplets in oil can be implemented rapidly by high-voltage pulse electric field, which is an effective demulsification dehydration technological method. At present, it is widely believed that the main reason of pulse electric field promoting droplets coalescence is the dipole coalescence and oscillation coalescence in pulse electric field, and the optimal coalescence pulse electric field parameters exist. Around the above content, the dynamics of high-voltage pulse electric field promoting the coalescence of emulsified droplets is studied by researchers domestically and abroad. By review, the progress of high-voltage pulse electric field demulsification technology can get a better understanding, which has an effect of throwing a sprat to catch a whale on promoting the industrial application.

Inactivation of Microorganisms in Cloudy Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba Linn.) Juice by Pulsed Electric Fields

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Zhang ◽  
Z. Wang ◽  
R.-J. Yang ◽  
S.-Y. Xu
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Pulsed Electric Fields ◽  
Bath Temperature ◽  
Microbial Inactivation ◽  
Plate Counts

Pulsed electric fields (PEF) were applied to neutral ginkgo cloudy juice to study the influence of the electric field strength, the treatment time and temperature on microbial inactivation. The results showed that microbial inactivation increased with the electric field strength, the treatment time and temperature. PEF treatment caused 3.39 and 4.44-log cycles reduction of coliforms and total plate counts, respectively, when pulse duration was 3 μs, the electric field strength 30 kV/cm, the treatment time 520 μs and the water bath temperature 15°C. Under the same conditions, the microbial shelf life of ginkgo cloudy juice was extended to 24 days at 4°C and 18 days at room temperature. A 3.7-log cycles reduction of the total yeast and mould counts was obtained by applying 390 μs of 30 kV/cm at 15°C.Yeast and mould cells were less resistant to PEF process than bacteria cells. The effect of heat generated during the PEF treatment was limited on microbial inactivation. Temperature and the induced heat by PEF had synergistic effects to microbial inactivation in cloudy ginkgo juice.

scholarly journals Some Considerations on Tunneling Losses in Field-Effect Devices for Low-Voltage Microcontrollers

1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Grado-Caffaro ◽  
M. Grado-Caffaro
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Field Effect ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Tunneling Current ◽  
Oxide Thickness ◽  
High Electric Field ◽  
Floating Gate ◽  
Field Effect Devices

The loss power density associated with the tunneling current in a typical MOS cell with a floating gate is evaluated for high electric-field strengths in the oxide layer. Furthermore, problems related to oxide thickness are discussed.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effect of Pulsed Electric Fields and Temperature on The Inactivation of Microorganismsill

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeyao Yan ◽  
Li Yin ◽  
Chunjing Hao ◽  
Kefu Liu ◽  
Jian Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Field Intensity ◽  
Electric Field Intensity ◽  
Pulsed Electric Fields ◽  
Nucleic Acid Content ◽  
Bacillus Velezensis ◽  
Inactivation Effect

Abstract Pulsed electric fields (PEF) as a new pasteurization technology played an important role in the process of inactivating microorganisms. At the same time, temperature could promote the process of electroporation, and achieve better inactivation effect. This article studied the inactivation effect of PEF on Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Escherichia coli, and Bacillus velezensis under different initial temperatures (room temperature-24°C, 30°C, 40°C, 50°C). From the inactivation results, it found temperature could reduce the critical electric field intensity for microbial inactivation. After the irreversible electroporation of microorganisms occurred, the nucleic acid content and protein content in the suspension increased with the inactivation rate because the cell membrane integrity was destroyed. We had proved that the electric field and temperature could promote molecular transport through the finite element simulation. Under the same initial temperature and electrical parameters (electric field intensity, pulse width, pulse number), the lethal effect on different microorganisms was Saccharomyces cerevisiae > Escherichia coli > Bacillus velezensis.

scholarly journals Liposomes Under Real Cell Conditions Behave Like Real Cells with a Single Pulsed Electric Field

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gen Urabe ◽  
Masaharu Shimada ◽  
Takumi Ogata ◽  
Sunao Katsuki
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Pulsed Electric Fields ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Real Cell ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

AbstractLiposomes are widely assumed to present a straightforward physical model of cells. However, almost all previous liposome experiments with pulsed electric fields (PEFs) have been conducted in low-conductivity liquids, a condition that differs significantly from that of cells in medium. Here, we prepared liposomes consisting of soy bean lecithin and cholesterol, at a molar ratio of 1:1, in higher-conductivity liquid that approximated the conditions of red blood cells in phosphate-buffered saline, with inner and outer liquid conductivities of 0.6 and 1.6 S/m, respectively. We found that a single 1.1 kV/cm, 400 μs PEF promoted cell-like spontaneous division of liposomes.

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