Effects of the Varietal Diversity and the Thermal Treatment on the Protein Profile of Peanuts and Hazelnuts

Several buffer compositions were compared for their efficiency in protein extraction from both raw and roasted peanut and hazelnut samples, the final goal being to understand the modification of protein solubility upon roasting and maximize the extraction yield. Denaturant conditions provided by urea-TBS buffer resulted in satisfactory extraction yields for both peanut and hazelnut samples, before and after the thermal treatment. In addition, different varieties of peanuts and hazelnuts were characterized to highlight the extent of variability in the protein profile accounted by the varietal factor and eventual differential resistance among cultivars to protein modification induced by the thermal processing. The protein profile was characterized by gel electrophoresis, and specific bands were analyzed by micro-HPLC-MS/MS coupled to software-based protein identification. No significant difference was observed for the investigated hazelnut cultivars, namely, Campana, Romana, and Georgia, whereas interesting features were presented for the peanut varieties Virginia, Zambia, and China. In particular, Zambia variety lacked two bands of approximately 36 and 24 kDa that were visible in Virginia and China varieties, which could suggest a lower allergenic potential of this particular variety which deserves to be further investigated before drawing final conclusions.

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Functional properties of protein isolates from camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) and flixweed (sophia, Descurainis sophia L.) seed meals

Food Production, Processing and Nutrition ◽

10.1186/s43014-021-00076-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Na Thi Ty Ngo ◽

Fereidoon Shahidi

Keyword(s):

Functional Properties ◽

Protein Extraction ◽

Protein Profile ◽

Protein Solubility ◽

Protein Isolate ◽

Absorption Capacity ◽

Foaming Properties ◽

Oil Absorption ◽

Protein Isolates ◽

Water Holding

AbstractCamelina and flixweed (sophia) seed protein isolates were prepared using both the conventional extraction and ultrasonic-assisted extraction methods at 40 kHz for 20 min, and their functional properties investigated. SDS-PAGE showed that both ultrasound-assisted and conventional extractions resulted in a similar protein profile of the extract. The application of ultrasound significantly improved protein extraction/content and functional properties (water holding capacity, oil absorption capacity, emulsifying foaming properties, and protein solubility) of camelina protein isolate and sophia protein isolate. The water-holding and oil absorption capacities of sophia protein isolate were markedly higher than those of camelina protein isolate. These results suggest that camelina protein isolate and sophia protein isolate may serve as natural functional ingredients in the food industry. Graphical Abstract

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Two-dimensional gel electrophoretic protein profile analysis during seed development of Ocotea catharinensis: a recalcitrant seed species

Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology ◽

10.1590/s1677-04202010000100003 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 23-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Leonardo L.C. Dias ◽

Tiago S. Balbuena ◽

Vanildo Silveira ◽

Claudete Santa-Catarina ◽

Andrej Schevchenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Development ◽

Protein Identification ◽

Protein Extraction ◽

Profile Analysis ◽

Protein Profile ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Recalcitrant Seed ◽

And Storage ◽

Cotyledonary Stage

The aim of the present work was to characterize changes in the protein profile throughout seed development in O. catharinensis, a recalcitrant species, by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Protein extraction was undertaken by using a thiourea/urea buffer, followed by a precipitation step with 10% TCA. Comparative analysis during seed development showed that a large number of proteins were exclusively detected in each developmental stage. The cotyledonary stage, which represents the transition phase between embryogenesis and the beginning of metabolism related to maturation, presents the highest number of stage-specific spots. Protein identification, through MS/MS analysis, resulted in the identification of proteins mainly related to oxidative metabolism and storage synthesis. These findings contribute to a better understanding of protein metabolism during seed development in recalcitrant seeds, besides providing information on established markers that could be useful in defining and improving somatic embryogenesis protocols, besides monitoring the development of somatic embryos in this species.

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Extracting Tenebrio molitor protein while preventing browning: effect of pH and NaCl on protein yield

Journal of Insects as Food and Feed ◽

10.3920/jiff2016.0015 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 21-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

L. Yi ◽

M.A.J.S. Van Boekel ◽

C.M.M. Lakemond

Keyword(s):

Protein Extraction ◽

Protein Solubility ◽

Tenebrio Molitor ◽

Extraction Yield ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Sodium Bisulphite ◽

Effect Of Ph ◽

Alternative Protein ◽

Food Applications ◽

Precipitation Ph

The potential of insects as an alternative protein source for food applications was investigated by studying the effect of pH and NaCl on extraction yield of water-soluble proteins from Tenebrio molitor, while preventing browning due to polyphenol oxidation. Minimum protein solubility (29.6%) was at pH=4-6 and maximum (68.6%) at pH=11. Protein extraction at 0.1 M NaCl, pH=10 gave a recovery of 100%. The observed increase in browning at pH=8-11 corresponded to a lower monomeric phenol content. Sodium bisulphite (studied from 0.5-4%) could prevent browning, whereas ascorbic acid (studied in the range 0.01-0.04%) could not prevent as strong as sodium bisulphite. After acid precipitation (pH=4) an isolate with a protein content of 74% (yield of 22% of total protein) was obtained. It was observed that proteins from T. molitor behave more or less the same as proteins from meat and fish with respect to aqueous extraction, which is of relevance for food industry when using T. molitor protein as an ingredient in food products.

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75 PLACENTA PROTEIN PROFILE CHARACTERIZATION BY PLACENTOME SIZE AND GESTATIONAL AGE IN CATTLE

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rdv29n1ab75 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 145 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. M. Ramirez ◽

J. F. Martins ◽

P. R. Villamil ◽

M. Bertolini ◽

L. R. Bertolini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

In Silico ◽

Protein Identification ◽

Protein Extraction ◽

Tissue Sample ◽

Protein Profile ◽

Biological Significance ◽

Cell Protein ◽

Protein Pool ◽

Freeze Dried ◽

Conceptus Development

The placenta plays a key role in normal conceptus development and in mediating effects of the maternal system on the fetus. Changes in the environment or in placental function may affect fetal developmental and lead to what is known as “developmental origins of health and disease.” Thus, the aim of this study was to analyse the protein profile of bovine placentomes of different sizes at distinct gestation ages to determine spatial and temporal differences or similarities in the protein pool of biological significance to the conceptus and the newborn. Samples of placentomes (n = 36) representing small, medium, and large sizes among placentomes at 60, 90, 120, and 160 days of gestation were collected at a local slaughterhouse and freeze-dried for protein analysis. For that, 5 mg of each tissue sample was used for protein extraction with 1% Triton X and sonication for 10 min at 4°C, with protein concentration per sample determined by the Bradford method. A total of 300 μg of protein was subjected to 2D-SDS PAGE electrophoresis (GE Healthcare®), and gels were stained with Coomassie Blue G-250. Spots were analysed using the PDQuest, with data compared by ANOVA or the Kruskall-Wallis test (SAS). In silico protein identification was performed using ExPASy. On average, 74 proteins were detected in the gels, regardless of placentome sizes and gestational ages. No interactions were detected between placentome sizes and gestational periods. However, differences were observed in the mean number of proteins between small (n = 69), medium (n = 90), and large (n = 64) placentomes (P = 0.002), and between Days 60 (n = 113), 90 (n = 65), 120 (n = 44), and 160 (n = 74) of gestation (P = 0.001). One specific spot (32.45 kDa, 4.6 pI) represented 1.0, 10.8, 12.1, and 2.1% of the intensity of all valid spots for Day 60, 90, 120, and 160 placentomes, respectively, indicating a bell-like expression. For small placentomes, all the spots had similar intensities, whereas for medium placentomes, the 32.45 kDa (4.6 pI) spot represented 3.0% of the intensity of all valid spots. For large placentomes, the 32.45 kDa (4.6 pI) spot and a 46.19 kDa (5.4 pI) spot represented 5.8 and 5.0% of the total intensity for all spots, respectively. Six and 10 spots were differentially identified between placentome sizes and between gestational periods, respectively, from which male-enhanced antigen-1 proteins and angio-associated migratory cell protein were identified by in silico analysis, with the former only present on Day 90 placentomes, and the latter for 120 days of gestation. Further analyzes on the identities of such placental proteins and their profiles is underway, which will be crucial to the comprehension of placentome function and growth during pregnancy, and for the understanding of physiological mechanisms and processes associated with normal conceptus development and life ex utero.

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Expression profiling and proteomic analysis of isolated photosynthetic cells of the non-Kranz C4 species Bienertia sinuspersici

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/fp09074 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Joonho Park ◽

Thomas W. Okita ◽

Gerald E. Edwards

Keyword(s):

Single Cell ◽

Protein Modification ◽

Protein Identification ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Protein Profile ◽

Ion Homeostasis ◽

Cell Wall Modification ◽

Kranz Anatomy ◽

Bienertia Sinuspersici ◽

C4 Species

Bienertia sinuspersici Akhani represents one form of C4 photosynthesis that occurs without Kranz anatomy in family Chenopodiaceae. Analysis of transcript profiles and proteomics were made to gain information on this single-cell C4 photosynthetic mechanism. Chlorenchyma cells were isolated and purified from mature leaves. From these cells, a cDNA library was made from which sequences were obtained on 2385 clones using conventional methods. To obtain a protein profile, the multi dimensional protein identification technique was used, resulting in identification of 322 unique proteins in chlorenchyma cells. After analysing datasets from the EST library and proteomics, genes and proteins were classified into 23 and 17 categories according to types of biological processes, respectively. These include photosynthesis and photorespiration, other biosynthetic and metabolic processes, cell wall modification, defence response, DNA repair, electron transport, other cellular and developmental processes, protein folding, protein targeting, protein modification, proteolysis, redox and ion homeostasis, response to biotic and abiotic stresses, RNA modification, transcription, translation, transport and unknowns. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses were made of C4 cycle enzymes to characterise the relationship between homologues found in Bienertia with public gene sequences from other chenopods and representative C3 and C4 species from other families. Identified photosynthetic genes and proteins are discussed with respect to the proposed function of an NAD-ME type C4 cycle in this single-cell C4 system.

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EVALUATION OF RAPIGEST EFFICACY FOR THE DIGESTION OF PROTEINS FROM CELL CULTURES AND HEART TISSUE

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports ◽

10.15386/cjmed-367 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 87 (4) ◽

pp. 258-262 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cristina Pop ◽

Cristina Mogosan ◽

Felicia Loghin

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Cell Line ◽

Protein Identification ◽

Protein Profile ◽

Heart Tissue ◽

Mouse Heart ◽

Protein Isolation ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Acid Labile

Introduction: Rapigest is an acid-labile detergent used in proteomics for the improvement of protein digestion.Materials and Method: To test the efficacy of Rapigest for proteomics analysis of different sample types we used protein extracts from S9 cell line and mouse heart tissue and performed protein isolation, digestion and mass spectrometry analysis.Results: For the S9 cell line, there was no significant difference concerning the number of identifications (peptides, proteins) between Rapigest and No Rapigest samples, though slightly more peptides and proteins were identified in the Rapigest samples. For the mouse heart tissue samples, Rapigest use resulted in the identification of a higher number of proteins. Rapigest did not modify the protein profile with respect to the biological compartments covered by the identified proteins in S9 cell line samples, but produced a small increase in the representation of cytoplasm proteins and a small decrease in the representation of membrane proteins in the mouse heart tissue samples.Discussions: Results are comparable to other studies that evaluated the efficacy of Rapigest for the analysis of tissue samples, recommending Rapigest for the improvement of protein digestion and implicitly identification, without the modification of the protein profile in the samples. Conclusion: Rapigest may be successfully used for the improvement of protein identification from heart tissue samples using mass spectrometry.

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Effect of Ultrasound Application on Protein Yield and Fate of Alkaloids during Lupin Alkaline Extraction Process

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom10020292 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 292

Author(s):

Luis Alberto Aguilar-Acosta ◽

Sergio O. Serna-Saldivar ◽

José Rodríguez-Rodríguez ◽

Anayansi Escalante-Aburto ◽

Cristina Chuck-Hernández

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Protein Fraction ◽

Protein Extraction ◽

Protein Solubility ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Amino Acid Profile ◽

Protein Isolate ◽

Protein Yield ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Ultrasound Effect

The objective of this work is to elucidate the fate of quinolizidine alkaloids (QA) during the lupin protein extraction process assisted with ultrasound and the evaluation of the nutritional and functional properties of the protein fraction. Proximal characterization, concentration of anti-nutritional compounds, amino acid profile and protein solubility profile of flours from three lupin species were (L. albus, L. angustifolius and L. mutabilis) assessed. The result showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in protein concentration, fat, total alkaloids and particle size between the three species flours. Based on these parameters, the most different Lupinus species (L. mutabilis and L. angustifolius) were chosen to study the behavior of the protein fraction in terms of functionality, composition and resistance to thermal treatments. The results obtained for L. mutabilis described the ultrasound effect as beneficial for protein yield (14% more than control), QA reduction from bagasse (81% less than control) and protein isolate production (50% less than control). On the other hand, L. angustifolius was more resistant to the ultrasound effect with no significant difference between treatments (10 and 15 min) and control but with the lower toxicity and better amino acid score. These results will be useful to design processes to assist in the objective of meeting the future protein demand of the population.

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Biochemical aspects of seeds from Cannabis sativa L. plants grown in a mountain environment

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-83290-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chiara Cattaneo ◽

Annalisa Givonetti ◽

Valeria Leoni ◽

Nicoletta Guerrieri ◽

Marcello Manfredi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Protein Identification ◽

Cannabis Sativa ◽

Protein Extraction ◽

Protein Profile ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Mountain Area ◽

Mountain Environments ◽

Mountain Environment ◽

Analytical Approaches

AbstractCannabis sativa L. (hemp) is a versatile plant which can adapt to various environmental conditions. Hempseeds provide high quality lipids, mainly represented by polyunsaturated acids, and highly digestible proteins rich of essential aminoacids. Hempseed composition can vary according to plant genotype, but other factors such as agronomic and climatic conditions can affect the presence of nutraceutic compounds. In this research, seeds from two cultivars of C. sativa (Futura 75 and Finola) grown in a mountain environment of the Italian Alps were analyzed. The main purpose of this study was to investigate changes in the protein profile of seeds obtained from such environments, using two methods (sequential and total proteins) for protein extraction and two analytical approaches SDS-PAGE and 2D-gel electrophoresis, followed by protein identification by mass spectrometry. The fatty acids profile and carotenoids content were also analysed. Mountain environments mainly affected fatty acid and protein profiles of Finola seeds. These changes were not predictable by the sole comparison of certified seeds from Futura 75 and Finola cultivars. The fatty acid profile confirmed a high PUFA content in both cultivars from mountain area, while protein analysis revealed a decrease in the protein content of Finola seeds from the experimental fields.

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The influence of osteopathic correction on the rate of various rhythms of the body

Russian Osteopathic Journal ◽

10.32885/2220-0975-2019-1-2-64-71 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 64-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. E. Chernikova ◽

Yu. P. Potekhina

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Respiratory Rate ◽

Age Groups ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

Dispersion Analysis ◽

The Body ◽

Body Tissues ◽

Age Related ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After

Introduction. An osteopathic examination determines the rate, the amplitude and the strength of the main rhythms (cardiac, respiratory and cranial). However, there are relatively few studies in the available literature dedicated to the influence of osteopathic correction (OC) on the characteristics of these rhythms.Goal of research — to study the influence of OC on the rate characteristics of various rhythms of the human body.Materials and methods. 88 adult osteopathic patients aged from 18 to 81 years were examined, among them 30 men and 58 women. All patients received general osteopathic examination. The rate of the cranial rhythm (RCR), respiratory rate (RR) heart rate (HR), the mobility of the nervous processes (MNP) and the connective tissue mobility (CTM) were assessed before and after the OC session.Results. Since age varied greatly in the examined group, a correlation analysis of age-related changes of the assessed rhythms was carried out. Only the CTM correlated with age (r=–0,28; p<0,05) in a statistically significant way. The rank dispersion analysis of Kruskal–Wallis also showed statistically significant difference in this indicator in different age groups (p=0,043). With the increase of years, the CTM decreases gradually. After the OC, the CTM, increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001). The RCR varied from 5 to 12 cycles/min in the examined group, which corresponded to the norm. After the OC, the RCR has increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001), the MNP has also increased (p<0,0001). The initial heart rate in the subjects varied from 56 to 94 beats/min, and in 15 % it exceeded the norm. After the OC the heart rate corresponded to the norm in all patients. The heart rate and the respiratory rate significantly decreased after the OC (р<0,0001).Conclusion. The described biorhythm changes after the OC session may be indicative of the improvement of the nervous regulation, of the normalization of the autonomic balance, of the improvement of the biomechanical properties of body tissues and of the increase of their mobility. The assessed parameters can be measured quickly without any additional equipment and can be used in order to study the results of the OC.

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Melatih Kepemimpinan Perangkat Desa Kebonharjo Kulonprogo: Membangun Sikap Anti Korupsi

Proceeding of Community Development ◽

10.30874/comdev.2017.16 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 107

Author(s):

Adi Heryadi ◽

Evianawati Evianawati

Keyword(s):

Transformational Leadership ◽

Data Collection ◽

Paired Samples ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Post Test ◽

Sample Test ◽

Corruption Perception ◽

Measuring Tool

This study aims to prove whether transformational leadership training is effective for building anti-corruption attitudes of villages in Kebonharjo village, subdistrict Samigaluh Kulonprogo. This research is an experimental research with one group pre and posttest design.Subject design is 17 people from village of 21 candidates registered. Measuring tool used in this research is the scale of anti-corruption perception made by the researcher referring to the 9 anti-corruption values with the value of reliability coefficient of 0.871. The module used as an intervention made by the researcher refers to the transformational leadership dimension (Bass, 1990). The data collected is analyzed by statistical analysis of different test Paired Sample Test. Initial data collection results obtained sign value of 0.770 which means> 0.05 or no significant difference between anti-corruption perception score between before and after training. After a period of less than 1 (one) month then conducted again the measurement of follow-up of the study subjects in the measurement again using the scale of anti-corruption perception. The results of the second data collection were analysed with Paired Samples Test and obtained the value of 0.623 sign meaning p> 0.05 or no significant difference between post test data with follow-up data so that the hypothesis of this study was rejected.

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