scholarly journals A Potential Linking between Vitamin D and Adipose Metabolic Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Zhiguo Miao ◽  
Shan Wang ◽  
Yimin Wang ◽  
Liping Guo ◽  
Jinzhou Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Medical Therapy ◽  
Calcium Homeostasis ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Vitamin D Supplements ◽  
The Relationship

Vitamin D has been discovered centuries ago, and current studies have focused on the biological effects of vitamin D on adipogenesis. Besides its role in calcium homeostasis and energy metabolism, vitamin D is also involved in the regulation of development and process of metabolic disorders. Adipose tissue is a major storage depot of vitamin D. This review summarized studies on the relationship between vitamin D and adipogenesis and furthermore focuses on adipose metabolic disorders. We reviewed the biological roles and functionalities of vitamin D, the correlation between vitamin D and adipose tissue, the effect of vitamin D on adipogenesis, and adipose metabolic diseases. Vitamin D is associated with adipogenesis, and vitamin D supplements can reduce the burden caused by metabolic diseases. The review provides new insights and basis for medical therapy on adipose metabolic diseases.

scholarly journals Elucidating the Regulatory Role of Melatonin in Brown, White, and Beige Adipocytes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziye Xu ◽  
Wenjing You ◽  
Jiaqi Liu ◽  
Yizhen Wang ◽  
Tizhong Shan
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Brown Adipocytes ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Beige Adipocytes

AbstractThe high prevalence of obesity and its associated metabolic diseases has heightened the importance of understanding control of adipose tissue development and energy metabolism. In mammals, 3 types of adipocytes with different characteristics and origins have been identified: white, brown, and beige. Beige and brown adipocytes contain numerous mitochondria and have the capability to burn energy and counteract obesity, while white adipocytes store energy and are closely associated with metabolic disorders and obesity. Thus, regulation of the development and function of different adipocytes is important for controlling energy balance and combating obesity and related metabolic disorders. Melatonin is a neurohormone, which plays multiple roles in regulating inflammation, blood pressure, insulin actions, and energy metabolism. This article summarizes and discusses the role of melatonin in white, beige, and brown adipocytes, especially in affecting adipogenesis, inducing beige formation or white adipose tissue browning, enhancing brown adipose tissue mass and activities, improving anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects, regulating adipokine secretion, and preventing body weight gain. Based on the current findings, melatonin is a potential therapeutic agent to control energy metabolism, adipogenesis, fat deposition, adiposity, and related metabolic diseases.

scholarly journals Impact of vitamin D deficiency on health with regard to kidney disease; an updated mini-review

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Nozar Dorestan ◽  
Sara Bahadoram ◽  
Mohammad Bahadoram ◽  
Mohammadreza Khosravi ◽  
Mohammad Davoodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Type I ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Progression Of Kidney Disease ◽  
Vitamin D Supplements ◽  
The Relationship

Vitamin D or cholecalciferol, as a steroidal hormone, regulates the calcium homeostasis, and bone formation with reabsorption through kidneys, parathyroid glands and bowel. There are at least 800 human genes connected with vitamin D. Previous research has confirmed the relationship between vitamin D and colorectal cancers, infections, heart diseases, multiple sclerosis (MS), bone disorders, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases, diabetes mellitus type-I and II and also progression of kidney disease. However, the relationship of vitamin D deficiency and developing of breast cancer, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis is unknown. In fact, the effect of vitamin D deficiency on pathogenesis of different diseases is controversial. To cope with vitamin D deficiency, there are different recommendations such as daily intake of vitamin D supplements and more exposure to sunlight.

scholarly journals Adipose Extracellular Vesicles: Messengers From and to Macrophages in Regulating Immunometabolic Homeostasis or Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zixin Zhou ◽  
Yan Tao ◽  
Hui Zhao ◽  
Qun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Intercellular Communication ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Vicious Cycle ◽  
Immune Reactions ◽  
Inflammatory Macrophages

Adipose tissue is comprised of heterogenous cell populations that regulate both energy metabolism and immune reactions. Macrophages play critical roles in regulating immunometabolic homeostasis or disorders through cooperation with adipocytes, adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) or other cells in adipose tissue. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are recently recognized as efficient messengers for intercellular communication. Emerging evidences have demonstrated that adipose EVs are actively involved in the mutual interactions of macrophages, adipocytes and ADSCs, which produce considerable influences on immunometabolism under healthy or obese conditions. Here, we will elaborate the production and the characteristics of adipose EVs that are related to macrophages under different metabolic demands or stresses, whilst discuss the roles of these EVs in regulating local or systemic immunometabolic homeostasis or disorders in the context of adipocyte-macrophage dialogue and ADSC-macrophage interaction. Particularly, we provide a profile of dynamic adipose microenvironments based on macrophages. Adipose EVs act as the messengers between ADSCs and macrophages to maintain the balance of metabolism and immunity, while drive a vicious cycle between hypertrophic adipocytes and inflammatory macrophages to cause immunometabolic imbalance. This review may provide valuable information about the physio- or pathological roles of adipose EVs and the application of adipose EVs in the diagnosis and treatment of metabolic diseases.

scholarly journals Genetic Factors and Molecular Mechanisms of Vitamin D and Obesity Relationship

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Ruiz-Ojeda ◽  
Augusto Anguita-Ruiz ◽  
Rosaura Leis ◽  
Concepcion M. Aguilera
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Vdr Gene ◽  
Association Analyses ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Relationship

Vitamin D (vitD) deficiency is associated with a wide range of chronic diseases and conditions, including obesity, and with an increasing severity of metabolic dysregulation, such as insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, liver disease, and hypertension, both in children and adults. However, the nature of the association between low vitD status and obesity remains unclear. This fact has motivated the scientific community to conduct genetic association analyses between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D)-related genes and obesity traits. In this line, the variation in the vitD receptor (VDR) gene represents the bulk of the findings. Specifically, polymorphisms in the VDR gene have been associated with obesity traits in some but not all, studies. Thus, results regarding this matter remain inconclusive. Other genes aside from VDR have also been investigated in relation to obesity-related traits. However, again, findings have been inconsistent. In general, results point to the fact that the DBP/GC gene could be an important protein-linking obesity and vitD status. On the other hand, several studies have attempted to determine the molecular mechanism of the relationship between 25(OH)-D levels and obesity. Some of these studies suggest that vitD, due to its fat-soluble characteristic, is retained by the adipose tissue and has the capacity to metabolize 25(OH)-D locally, and this can be altered during obesity. Additionally, vitD is capable of regulating the gene expression related to adipogenesis process, inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolism in mature adipocytes. Therefore, the aim of the present review was to evaluate the association between obesity and vitD deficiency describing the main molecular mechanism of the relationship and the link with genetic factors. Key Messages: Low serum 25(OH)-D is positively associated with obesity or BMI in adults and children. Circulating vitD concentrations are, at least, partially determined by genetic factors. VitD plays an important role in the adipogenesis process and inflammation status in adipocytes and adipose tissue.

scholarly journals Vitamin D, adipose tissue, and obesity

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Marcotorchino ◽  
Franck Tourniaire ◽  
Jean-François Landrier
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Diabetes And Obesity

AbstractEpidemiological studies have shown a link between vitamin D deficiency and numerous pathologies such as cancers, immunity diseases, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. Recent studies in vitro and in animal models demonstrated an impact of vitamin D on adipose tissue and adipocyte biology. Such observations are of particular interest and provide mechanistic explanations on the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and obesity.

The Effect of Extracellular Calcium Metabolism on Aldosterone Biosynthesis in Physiological and Pathological Status

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (06) ◽  
pp. 448-453
Author(s):  
Xin Gao ◽  
Yuto Yamazaki ◽  
Yuta Tezuka ◽  
Kei Omata ◽  
Yoshikiyo Ono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Primary Aldosteronism ◽  
Calcium Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Extracellular Calcium ◽  
The Other ◽  
Potential Association

AbstractPrimary aldosteronism (PA) was reported to frequently harbor not only cardiovascular diseases but also some metabolic disorders including secondary calcium metabolic diseases. Recently, the potential association between aldosterone producing cells and systemic calcium metabolism has been proposed. For instance, PA is frequently associated with hypercalciuria or hypocalcemia, which subsequently stimulates parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion. This altered calcium metabolism in PA patients could frequently result in secondary osteoporosis and fracture in some patients. On the other hand, extracellular calcium itself directly acts on adrenal cortex and has been also proposed as an independent regulator of aldosterone biosynthesis in human adrenals. However, it is also true that both PTH and vitamin D pathways stimulate endocrine functions of adrenal cortical adenomas to co-secret both aldosterone and cortisol. Therefore, it has become pivotal to explore the potential crosstalk between aldosterone and systemic calcium metabolism. We herein reviewed recent advances in these fields.

scholarly journals Does Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis Play a Role in Metabolic Health?

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Craig Porter ◽  
Elisabet Børsheim ◽  
Labros S. Sidossis
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Brown Adipocytes ◽  
Brown Adipose

The function ascribed to brown adipose tissue in humans has long been confined to thermoregulation in neonates, where this thermogenic capacity was thought lost with maturation. Recently, brown adipose tissue depots have been identified in adult humans. The significant oxidative capacity of brown adipocytes and the ability of their mitochondria to respire independently of ATP production, has led to renewed interest in the role that these adipocytes play in human energy metabolism. In our view, there is a need for robust physiological studies determining the relationship between molecular signatures of brown adipose tissue, adipose tissue mitochondrial function, and whole body energy metabolism, in order to elucidate the significance of thermogenic adipose tissue in humans. Until such information is available, the role of thermogenic adipose tissue in human metabolism and the potential that these adipocytes may prevent or treat obesity and metabolic diseases in humans will remain unknown. In this article, we summarize the recent literature pertaining to brown adipose tissue function with the aims of drawing the readers’ attention to the lack of data concerning the role of brown adipocytes in human physiology, and to the potential limitations of current research strategies.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF OBESITY ON BONE METABOLISM

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
I.G. Litovka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
The State ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
The Relationship

The review of current literature presents data on the prevalence of obesity and its impact on bone metabolism. These results suggest that there is a complex multilevel relationship between the skeletal system, adipose tissue and energy metabolism. However, informational analysis of the problem has shown that there are still many unresolved issues regarding the relationship between metabolic and osteopenic syndromes. At the same time, studies of the state of the skeletal system in metabolic syndrome and obesity can contribute to a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of osteopenic syndrome to develop its treatment and prevention.

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