Recent Advances in Chitosan-Based Metal Nanocomposites for Wound Healing Applications

Chitosan (CS) has been extensively studied as a natural polymer, in the field of wound repair, due to its useful properties, which include a lack of toxicity and stimulation, excellent biological affinity, degradability, and promotion of collagen deposition. However, inferior mechanical strength and moderate antibacterial properties are the drawbacks restricting its further clinical application. Many researchers have adopted the use of nanotechnology, in particular metallic nanoparticles (MNPs), in order to improve the mechanical strength and specific antibacterial properties of chitosan composites, with promising results. Furthermore, chitosan naturally functions as a reducing agent for MNPs, which can also reduce cytotoxicity. Thus, CS, in combination with MNPs, exhibits antibacterial activity, excellent mechanical strength, and anti-inflammatory properties, and it has great potential to accelerate the process of wound healing. This review discusses the current use of CS and MNPs in wound healing and emphasises the synergy and the advantages for various applications in wound healing.

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Application of Nanomaterial in Hydrogels Related to Wound Healing

Journal of Nanomaterials ◽

10.1155/2022/4656037 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 2022 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Yangyang Liu ◽

Shurui Song ◽

Shuangyong Liu ◽

Xiaoyan Zhu ◽

Peige Wang

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Drug Release ◽

Wound Repair ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Sustained Drug Release ◽

Broad Application ◽

Wound Recovery ◽

Swelling Rate ◽

Good Biocompatibility ◽

Application Prospects

Traditional dressings used for wound repair, such as gauze, have shortcomings; for example, they cannot provide a suitable microenvironment for wound recovery. Therefore, it is necessary to find a better dressing to overcome shortcomings. Hydrogel provides a suitable wet environment, has good biocompatibility, and has a strong swelling rate to absorb exudate. Nanomaterial in hydrogels has been used to improve their performance and overcome the shortcomings of current hydrogel dressings. Hydrogel dressing can also be loaded with nanodrug particles to exert a better therapeutic effect than conventional drugs and to make the dressing more practical. This article reviews the application of nanotechnology in hydrogels related to wound healing and discusses the application prospects of nanohydrogels. After searching for hydrogel articles related to wound healing, we found that nanomaterial can not only enhance the mechanical strength, antibacterial properties, and adhesion of hydrogels but also achieve sustained drug release. From the perspective of clinical application, these characteristics are significant for wound healing. The combination of nanomaterial and hydrogel is an ideal dressing with broad application prospects for wound healing in the future.

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The interaction of ceramide 1-phosphate with group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2 coordinates acute wound healing and repair

Science Signaling ◽

10.1126/scisignal.aav5918 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (610) ◽

pp. eaav5918 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

H. Patrick MacKnight ◽

Daniel J. Stephenson ◽

L. Alexis Hoeferlin ◽

Savannah D. Benusa ◽

James T. DeLigio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Wound Repair ◽

Dermal Fibroblasts ◽

Mutant Form ◽

Collagen Deposition ◽

Wild Type ◽

Fibroblast Migration ◽

Cytosolic Phospholipase ◽

Group Iva ◽

Ceramide 1

The sphingolipid ceramide 1-phosphate (C1P) directly binds to and activates group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2α) to stimulate the production of eicosanoids. Because eicosanoids are important in wound healing, we examined the repair of skin wounds in knockout (KO) mice lacking cPLA2α and in knock-in (KI) mice in which endogenous cPLA2α was replaced with a mutant form having an ablated C1P interaction site. Wound closure rate was not affected in the KO or KI mice, but wound maturation was enhanced in the KI mice compared to that in wild-type controls. Wounds in KI mice displayed increased infiltration of dermal fibroblasts into the wound environment, increased wound tensile strength, and a higher ratio of type I:type III collagen. In vitro, primary dermal fibroblasts (pDFs) from KI mice showed substantially increased collagen deposition and migration velocity compared to pDFs from wild-type and KO mice. KI mice also showed an altered eicosanoid profile of reduced proinflammatory prostaglandins (PGE2 and TXB2) and an increased abundance of certain hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) species. Specifically, an increase in 5-HETE enhanced dermal fibroblast migration and collagen deposition. This gain-of-function role for the mutant cPLA2α was also linked to the relocalization of cPLA2α and 5-HETE biosynthetic enzymes to the cytoplasm and cytoplasmic vesicles. These findings demonstrate the regulation of key wound-healing mechanisms in vivo by a defined protein-lipid interaction and provide insights into the roles that cPLA2α and eicosanoids play in orchestrating wound repair.

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Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Ag- and Au-Nanoparticles Loaded TiO2 Nanotubes

Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology ◽

10.1166/jbn.2020.2979 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. 1416-1425

Author(s):

Katarzyna Arkusz ◽

Ewa Paradowska ◽

Marta Nycz ◽

Justyna Mazurek-Popczyk ◽

Katarzyna Baldy-Chudzik

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Metallic Nanoparticles ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Live Bacteria

Current research on the antibacterial properties of implant surfaces has focused on using titanium nanotubes (TNTs) with diameters of 100 and 200 nm, which simultaneously show the best antibacterial properties, poor osseointegration, and ability to immobilize proteins. Therefore, the research aimed to develop an implantable material based on titanium dioxide nanotubes with a diameter of 50 nm doped with silver (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), indicating good absorption and antibacterial properties. Moreover, metallic nanoparticles deposited by varying methods should maintain sphericity and lack of agglomeration. For this purpose, the surface charge, wettability, stability of nanoparticles, and antibacterial properties against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, i. e., Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa , were performed. Obtained results indicate a greater resistance to leaching of silver nanoparticles compared to gold nanoparticles. These results are reflected in microbiological studies, both into the time and the effectiveness of the implantable material's antibacterial activity. A greater antibacterial effect of AgNPs than AuNPs has been confirmed. Also, AgNPs inhibit the multiplication of Gram-negative bacteria to a greater extent than Gram-positive bacteria. It has been proven that the TNT platforms deposited with metal nanoparticles via the voltammetric method are more effective in deactivating microorganisms. Besides, the results have proven that smaller TNTs effectively reduce live bacteria as nanotubes with a diameter of 100 and 200 nm.

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Antibacterial and Wound Healing Activities of Topical Gel of Jatropha variegata Vahl Extract in Rats

Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research ◽

10.18502/pbr.v6i4.5115 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Abdulkarim Kassem Alzomor ◽

Nahlah Mansour Sallam ◽

Shehab Aldeen Al-Fotaihy ◽

Bassam Al-Moliki ◽

Badr Aldeen Al-Zohairy

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Animal Studies ◽

Dosage Form ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Positive Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Topical Gel ◽

High Antibacterial Activity

Background: Jatropha variegata Vahl is a well-known Yemeni medicinal shrub, used traditionally to treat wounds. Objectives: To investigate the wound-healing and antibacterial properties of the J. variegata extract as a new gel formula. Methods: The leaves and stems of J.variegata were collected from Ibb Province, Yemen, and extracted by maceration in methanol. To ensure the quality and effectivity of the extract, physicochemical and biological investigations were conducted. Finally, the extract was prepared as a gel dosage form for bacterial and experimental animal studies. Twelve female Albino rats were divided into three groups: each rat was inflicted by three wounds. The first wound was treated thrice a day using the gel containing the J. variegata extract, the second was treated by a gel without the extract, and the third was control. The first, second, and third groups were treated for 5, 10, and 15 days, respectively, with follow-up of the wounds’ diameters. After treatment, the rats were anesthetized before analyzing the anatomy of the rats and the histological examination. Results: The antibacterial activity of the extract was competent to the positive control against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli with a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 0.05%. Similarly, 100% of the wounds healed within 15 days when treated using the gel containing the J. variegata extract. While just 33% of the control group healed. Conclusion: J. variegata exhibited high antibacterial activity against the targeted strains and remarkable wound healing activity when applied topically on the skin of rats in a gel dosage form. This finding proves an opening for further pharmacological, toxicological, and clinical studies.

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Antibacterial Activity of Ag-TiO2 Nanoparticles with Various Silver Contents

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.756.238 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 756 ◽

pp. 238-245 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Nur Hidayati Ahmad Barudin ◽

Srimala Sreekantan ◽

Ong Ming Thong ◽

Geethaa Sahgal

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Metallic Nanoparticles ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Bacterial Count ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Light Irradiation ◽

Great Promise ◽

Uniform Size

Bacterial are highly transmitted in our environment and have been identified as a primary contributor to the problem of indoor air quality and consequently lead to the illness of the occupants. Recently, nanotechnology represents an innovative approach to develop new formulations based on metallic nanoparticles with antimicrobial properties. TiO2 has great promise to diminish bacterial activity. Antimicrobial activity of TiO2and Ag-TiO2 nanoparticles against Escherichia coli was examined in this study. TiO2 nanoparticles with various silver contents were synthesized by sol gel method to produce uniform size, unagglomerated state and homogeneous nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and transmittance electron microscopy (TEM). The effects of different silver concentration were studied using cotton diffusion test under fluorescence light irradiation. 0.06 mol % Ag-TiO2 revealed best antibacterial activity. 0.06 mol % Ag-TiO2 have antibacterial inhibition zone of 38 mm at the concentration of 2.0 M against E. coli. Swab test bacterial counts on left palm, tile, mouse pad and cotton have been tested before and after spraying with 0.06 mol % Ag-TiO2. It showed that the bacterial count decreased for entire samples. The significant enhancement in the antibacterial properties of Ag-TiO2 nanoparticles under visiblelight irradiation is related to the effect of noble metal Ag by acting as electron traps in TiO2 band gap. The phase structure, crystallite size and crystallinity of TiO2 also play an important role inantibacterial activity. The killing mechanism of Ag-TiO2 undervisible light irradiation antibacterial activity over Ag-TiO2nanoparticles was proposed based on our observations.

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The effect of hyaluronic acid on the skin healing in rats

JOURNAL OF SURGICAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH ◽

10.20398/jscr.v10i2.18824 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 65-75

Author(s):

Livia Medeiros Soares Celani ◽

Isadora Soares Lopes ◽

Aldo Cunha Medeiros

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Granulation Tissue ◽

Wound Repair ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Healing Process ◽

Control Group ◽

Skin Wounds ◽

Collagen Deposition ◽

Morphological Differences

Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine the effect of topical hyaluronic acid (HA) treatment on wound healing in rats. Methods: Wistar rats were randomly selected and allocated into 2 groups, with six rats each, all of them submitted to skin lesions (open wound with 5mm diameter). Group 1 – rats treated with topical 0,9% saline application in skin wounds. Group 2 – rats treated with topical hyaluronic acid 0,4% on skin wounds once a day for 7 days. After anesthesia on the 7th postoperative day, a biopsy of the skin dorsal wound area was performed for histopathological examination. A classification system based on the degree of reepithelization, granulation tissue formation and collagen organization were used to relate the morphological differences in wound healing. Results: Rats from control group treated with saline solution, on day 7, presented a general impairment of healing process, marked by an incomplete reepithelization (score 2,67 ± 0,4), a persistent exudation, fibrin, reduced accumulation of granulation tissue (score 2,2 ± 0,5) and a slight collagen deposition (score 2,43 ± 0,5), compared with the HA group. On the other side, morphological differences were visible on the evolution of wound repair process in rats treated with HA with a significant reduction in fibrinous exudation, epidermal lining reconstitution by complete reepithelization (score 3,8 ± 0,6), an increased accumulation of granulation tissue at wound edge and bed (score 3,7 ± 1,1), moderate collagen deposition (3,8 ± 0,7). The respective differences between the groups were significant (p<0,05). Conclusions: Based on these findings, we may conclude that HA treatment contributes to improve healing of open wounds.

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APPLICATIONS OF CHITOSAN-SULFATHIAZOLE AS ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT

Knowledge International Journal ◽

10.35120/kij2802429z ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 429-432

Author(s):

Dilyana Zvezdova

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Fourier Transform ◽

Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

Antimicrobial Agent ◽

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Solvent Casting ◽

Casting Method ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Positively Charged

Chitosan, a hydrophilic biopolymer industrially obtained by N-deacetylation of chitin, can be applied as an antimicrobial agent. It highlights the applications of chitosan as an antimicrobial agent against fungi, bacteria, and viruses and as an elicitor of plant defense mechanisms. A series of novel chitosan-sulfathiazole nanocomposite (CSFZ) films were prepared by using solvent casting method for wound healing application. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to ascertain the interaction between negatively charged sulfathiazole and positively charged chitosan. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of the films was investigated against gram positive and gram negative microorganisms. It was found that all CSFZ films showed good inhibitory activity against all the tested bacteria as compared to control. The above analysis suggested that the CSFZ films could be used as potential candidates for wound healing application.

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Review: Studies on the Synthesis of Quinolone Derivatives with Their Antibacterial Activity (Part 1)

Current Organic Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1385272824999200427082108 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (8) ◽

pp. 817-854

Author(s):

Anil Kumar ◽

Nishtha Saxena ◽

Arti Mehrotra ◽

Nivedita Srivastava

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Structure Activity Relationship ◽

New Drugs ◽

Activity Relationship ◽

Structure Activity ◽

Medicinal Properties ◽

Synthetic Routes ◽

Quinolone Derivatives

Quinolone derivatives have attracted considerable attention due to their medicinal properties. This review covers many synthetic routes of quinolones preparation with their antibacterial properties. Detailed study with structure-activity relationship among quinolone derivatives will be helpful in designing new drugs in this field.

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Fluoroquinolone-3-carboxamide Amino Acid Conjugates: Synthesis, Antibacterial Properties And Molecular Modeling Studies

Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1573406415666190904143852 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 71-84

Author(s):

Riham M. Bokhtia ◽

Siva S. Panda ◽

Adel S. Girgis ◽

Hitesh H. Honkanadavar ◽

Tarek S. Ibrahim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Antibacterial Agents ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Computational Studies ◽

Protecting Group ◽

Amino Acid Conjugates ◽

Molecular Modeling Studies

Background: Bacterial infections are considered as one of the major global health threats, so it is very essential to design and develop new antibacterial agents to overcome the drawbacks of existing antibacterial agents. Method: The aim of this work is to synthesize a series of new fluoroquinolone-3-carboxamide amino acid conjugates by molecular hybridization. We utilized benzotriazole chemistry to synthesize the desired hybrid conjugates. Result: All the conjugates were synthesized in good yields, characterized, evaluated for their antibacterial activity. The compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity using methods adapted from the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Synthesized conjugates were tested for activity against medically relevant pathogens; Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27856) Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 19433). Conclusion: The observed antibacterial experimental data indicates the selectivity of our synthesized conjugates against E.Coli. The protecting group on amino acids decreases the antibacterial activity. The synthesized conjugates are non-toxic to the normal cell lines. The experimental data were supported by computational studies.

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