Antioxidant Effect of Standardized Extract of Propolis (EPP-AF®) in Healthy Volunteers: A “Before and After” Clinical Study

Background. Propolis is rich in polyphenols, especially flavonoids and phenolic acids, and has significant antioxidant activity, shown mainly in “in vitro” studies. Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant efficacy and safety of a standardized propolis extract in healthy volunteers. Design. A two-phase sequential, open-label, nonrandomized, before and after clinical trial. Methods. Healthy participants received two EPP-AF® doses (375 and 750 mg/d, P.O, tid) during 7 ± 2 days, starting with the lower doses. Immediately before starting EPP-AF® administration and at the end of each 7-day dosing schedule, blood and urine samples were collected for quantification of 8-OHDG (8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine) and 8-ISO (8-isoprostanes) in urine and GSH (reduced glutathione), GSSG (oxidized glutathione), SOD (superoxide dismutase), FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power), vitamin E, and MDA (malondialdehyde) in plasma. Results. In our study, we had 34 healthy participants (67.7% women, 30 ± 8 years old, 97% white). The 8-ISO, a biomarker of lipid peroxidation, decreased with both doses of EPP-AF® compared to baseline (8-ISO, 1.1 (0.9–1.3) versus 0.85 (0.75–0.95) and 0.89 (0.74–1.0), ng/mg creatinine, P < 0.05 , for 375 and 750 mg/d EPP-AF® doses versus baseline, mean and CI 95%, respectively). 8-OHDG, a biomarker of DNA oxidation, was also reduced compared to baseline with 750 mg/d doses (8-OHDG, 15.7 (13.2–18.1) versus 11.6 (10.2–13.0), baseline versus 750 mg/d, respectively, ng/mg creatinine, P < 0.05 ). Reduction of biomarkers of oxidative stress damage was accompanied by increased plasma SOD activity (68.8 (66.1–73.3) versus 78.2 (72.2–80.5) and 77.7 (74.1–82.6), %inhibition, P < 0.0001 , 375 and 750 mg/d versus baseline, median and interquartile range 25–75%, respectively) and by increased GSH for 375 mg/d EPP-AF® doses (1.23 (1.06–1.34) versus 1.33 (1.06–1.47), μmol/L, P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. EPP-AF® reduced biomarkers of oxidative stress cell damage in healthy humans, with increased antioxidant enzymatic capacity, especially of SOD. This trial is registered with the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC, RBR-9zmfs9).

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Icaritin protects SH-SY5Y cells transfected with TDP-43 by alleviating mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.11978 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. e11978

Author(s):

Yongjian Zhou ◽

Nanqu Huang ◽

Yuanyuan Li ◽

Zhisheng Ba ◽

Yanjun Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cell Injury ◽

Cell Damage ◽

Mitochondrial Damage ◽

Atp Content ◽

Sod Activity ◽

Mda Content ◽

Copper Zinc ◽

Total Antioxidative Capacity ◽

Underlying Mechanisms

Background The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of icaritin (ICT) on TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43)-induced neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell damage and to further explore its underlying mechanisms. Methods To investigate the possible mechanism, TDP-43 was used to induce SH-SY5Y cell injury. Cell viability was evaluated by the CCK-8 assay. The mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was determined with JC-1. The expression levels of TDP-43 and cytochrome C (CytC) were measuring by Western blotting. Changes in adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) content, total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were detected with specific kits. Results The results showed that ICT reduced the cell damage induced by TDP-43. ICT reduced the expression level of TDP-43; increased ATP content and the MMP; decreased CytC expression; increased T-AOC and GSH-Px, total SOD (T-SOD), copper/zinc SOD (CuZn-SOD), and manganese SOD (Mn-SOD) activity; and decreased MDA content. Conclusions The results suggest that ICT has a protective effect on TDP-43-transfected SH-SY5Y cells that is related to reductions in TDP-43 expression and mitochondrial damage and alleviation of oxidative stress.

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Antioxidant effects of immunomodulators in patients with recurrent pyelonephritis

Ukrainian Journal of Nephrology and Dialysis ◽

10.31450/ukrjnd.2(58).2018.04 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 18-28

Author(s):

M. Kolesnyk ◽

L. Korol ◽

N. Stepanova ◽

V. Driianska ◽

L. Migal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Colorimetric Method ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Stress Index ◽

Open Label ◽

Open Label Study ◽

Before And After ◽

Pre Treatment

The purpose of our work was to investigate the effect of immunomodulatory medicines on the intensity of oxidative stress (OS), the cytokines level and the activity of renospecific enzymes in patients with recurrent pyelonephritis (rPN). Methods. A prospective, randomized, open-label study involved of 100 women aged 33.4 ± 8.8 year old. According to the sensitivity of the detected pathogens all patients received antibacterial therapy for two weeks. Along with the main course of antibiotic therapy, 25 patients were assigned Sodium nucleinate at a dose of 0.25 g 4 times per day during 14 days, 18 patients were prescribed Galavit intramuscularly 2 ml per dayfor 10 days, and 27patients were prescribed Proteflazid according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The comparison group consisted of 30 women with rPN who received antibiotic therapy exclusively.Women were screened before and after the treatment. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA), ceruloplasmin (CP), transferrin (TF) and sulfhydryl groups (SH-groups) were determined in the blood by colorimetric method. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. The concentration of interleukins (IL) -1f, -4, -8, -10, -17, tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-a), transforming growth factor f (TGF-f), monocytic chemoactive protein-1 (MCP-1) and interferon y (IFN-y) were analyzed in the blood of the women using an ELISA. To evaluate the functional state of the renal parenchyma the activity of tubular lysosome enzymes a total f-N-acetylhexosaminidase and f-galactosidase were determined in urine. Results. The use of Sodium nucleinate decreased of the OS activity by reducing MDA level (p <0.001) and increasing the concentration of CP (p < 0.03). The serum levels ofIL-4 (p = 0.007), lL-17 (p = 0.04), TGF-f (p = 0.02) and MCP-1 (p = 0.03) were decrease. The use of Galavit contributed to a statistically significant decrease in the concentration of TNF-a (p <0.001), IL-8(p <0.001), IFN-y (p = 0.001) and TGF-f (p <0.001). The administration of Proteflazid resulted in a decrease in the concentrations of IL-8 and IFN-y, with a decrease in OSI (p =0.04) compared to pre-treatment. All applied immunomodulators partially reduced the activity of renospecific enzymes markers of kidney damage. Conclusions. The use of immunomodulators in the complex therapy of patients with rPN contributes to the partial normalization of functional activity of immune system by the decreasing ofthe production ofcytokines as its mediators and the reducing ofthe OS intensity.

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Alfacalcidol modulates oxidative stress parameters in the peripheral blood of patients with active rheumatoid arthritis

Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society ◽

10.2298/jsc160506039z ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 81 (10) ◽

pp. 1127-1139 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tatjana Zivanovic-Radnic ◽

Katarina Simic-Pasalic ◽

Mirjana Sefik-Bukilica ◽

Sonja Misirlic-Dencic ◽

Andjelka Isakovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Das28 Score ◽

Sod Activity ◽

Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽

Before And After ◽

Significant Clinical Improvement ◽

Membrane Depolarisation ◽

O2 Production ◽

Gpx Activity ◽

Stress Parameters

Hormone D and its analogues display immunomodulatory activities providing a beneficial effect in immunoinflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of alfacalcidol treatment on superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in patients with active RA. Sixteen patients with active RA and twenty controls were enrolled in the study. Blood samples were taken before and after 12 weeks of alfacalcidol therapy (2 ?g/day). Oxidative stress parameters were determined spectrophotometrically and by flow cytometry assessment. Disease activity was assessed using DAS28 score. The results revealed that alfacalcidol treatment, significantly (p = 0.04) reduced SOD activity and CAT activity (p = 0.001) in RA patients. The activity of GPx was significantly lower in RA patients before treatment, compared to controls (p = 0.04). After therapy, GPx activity was restored to control levels, and GSH levels were significantly reduced (p = 0.01). MDA levels in patients at the beginning of the study protocol, remained significantly elevated compared to controls (p = 0.01). Alfacalcidol treatment decreased MDA levels in patients (p = 0.19). Furthermore, 12-weeks alfacalcidol therapy, changed the response of RA patients? PBMC to stimulation preventing the O2 - production and mitochondrial membrane depolarisation. After alfacalcidol treatment, significant clinical improvement was observed.

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Zero effect of multiple dosage of olive leaf supplements on urinary biomarkers of oxidative stress in healthy humans

Nutrition ◽

10.1016/j.nut.2008.08.008 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 270-280 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Megan Kendall ◽

Marijka Batterham ◽

Hassan Obied ◽

Paul D. Prenzler ◽

Danielle Ryan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Urinary Biomarkers ◽

Olive Leaf ◽

Healthy Humans ◽

Zero Effect ◽

Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

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Pheochromocytoma and Markers of Oxidative Stress

Physiological Research ◽

10.33549/physiolres.932449 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 331-335 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

H. TURKOVÁ ◽

O. PETRÁK ◽

J. ŠKRHA ◽

J. WIDIMSKÝ ◽

T. ZELINKA

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Cardiovascular Complications ◽

Tumor Removal ◽

Successful Operation ◽

Sod Activity ◽

Before And After ◽

Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽

One Year

High levels of catecholamines in pheochromocytoma (PHEO) are associated with risk of cardiovascular complications. In this study, we looked for potential differences in markers of oxidative stress – vitamin C, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in PHEO before and after the operation. We studied 18 subjects with PHEO who were examined before and approximately one year after the successful tumor removal (free of disease). All subjects had elevated urinary epinephrine and/or norepinephrine levels before the operation. Vitamin C levels increased significantly after the operation from 61±27 to 77±20 μmol/l (P=0.02), and MDA decreased significantly after the tumor removal from 2.6±0.4 to 2.0±0.6 μmol/l (P=0.01). However, no changes were found in SOD activity before and after the operation. In conclusion, increased catecholamine production in PHEO is accompanied by decreased levels of vitamin C and increased levels of MDA which may indicate the activation of oxidative stress in PHEO. Successful operation was associated with lowering of oxidative stress by using both biomarkers. On the contrary, no changes in SOD activity before and after the tumor removal were noted.

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The Effect of Progressive Resistance Training on Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Erythrocytes in Untrained Men

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism ◽

10.1123/ijsnem.23.3.230 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 230-238 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Kamal Azizbeigi ◽

Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani ◽

Maghsoud Peeri ◽

Hamid Agha-alinejad ◽

Stephen Stannard

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽

Progressive Resistance Training ◽

Sod Activity ◽

Free Radical Damage ◽

Before And After ◽

Progressive Resistance

This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of progressive resistance-training (PRT) on plasma oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activity in erythrocytes. Twenty male volunteers were randomly assigned to 2 groups: PRT and control. Blood samples were collected before and after 8 wk of PRT and analyzed for enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in erythrocytes, plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde concentration (MDA, an index of lipid per oxidation in plasma). Resistance training commenced with 8 exercises on nonconsecutive days for 8 wk at 50% of estimated 1-repetition maximum (E1RM) and reached 80% E1RM by Week 8. The results showed that PRT significantly increased erythrocyte SOD activity (1,323 ± 212.52 vs. 1,449.9 ± 173.8 U/g Hb, p = .014). Plasma concentration of MDA also decreased (5.39 ± 1.7 vs. 3.67.4 ± 0.7 nmol/ml, p = .030), although TAC (1.42 ± 0.21 vs. 1.61 ± 0.19 mmol/L, p = .1530) and GPx (39.87 ± 11.5 vs. 48.18 ± 14.48 U/g Hb, p = .883) activity did not undergo any considerable changes. Based on these data, the authors conclude that an 8-wk program of PRT strengthens the defensive system of erythrocytes against free-radical damage and therefore can be applied as a useful approach to alleviate oxidative stress.

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Overloaded Training Increases Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress and Damage

Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1139/h03-045 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 588-604 ◽

Cited By ~ 92

Author(s):

Stephane Palazzetti ◽

Marie-Jeanne Richard ◽

Alain Favier ◽

Irene Margaritis

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Dna Damage ◽

Defense Mechanism ◽

Induced Response ◽

Tbars Level ◽

Sod Activity ◽

Activity Increase ◽

Before And After ◽

Exercise Induced ◽

Leukocyte Dna Damage

We hypothesized that overloaded training (OT) in triathlon would induce oxidative stress and damage on muscle and DNA. Nine male triathletes and 6 male sedentary subjects participated in this study. Before and after a 4-week OT, triathletes exercised for a duathlon. Blood ratio of reduced vs. oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG), plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TEARS), leukocyte DNA damage, creatine kinase (CK), and CK-MB mass in plasma, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, erythrocyte and plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, and plasma total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured before and after OT in pre- and postexercise situations. Triathletes were overloaded in response to OT. In rest conditions, OT induced plasma GSH-Px activity increase and plasma TAS decrease (both p < 0.05). In exercise conditions, OT resulted in higher exercise-induced variations of blood GSH/GSSG ratio, TBARS level (both p < 0.05), and CK-MB mass (p < 0.01) in plasma; and decreased TAS response (p < 0.05). OT could compromise the antioxidant defense mechanism with respect to exercise-induced response. The resulting increased exercise-induced oxidative stress and further cellular susceptibility to damage needs more study. Key words: lipid peroxidation, leukocyte DNA damage, antioxidant, triathlon

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Low Oral Bioavailability and Partial Gut Microbiotic and Phase II Metabolism of Brussels/Witloof Chicory Sesquiterpene Lactones in Healthy Humans

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12123675 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 3675

Author(s):

Hui Weng ◽

Luanying He ◽

Jiakun Zheng ◽

Qing Li ◽

Xiuping Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phase Ii ◽

Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽

Leafy Vegetables ◽

Open Label ◽

Phase Ii Metabolism ◽

Fecal Samples ◽

Healthy Humans ◽

Before And After ◽

Dose Trial

Free and glycosylated sesquiterpene lactones (SLs), which are abundant in leafy vegetables including Brussels/witloof chicory, possess health-promoting effects in vivo. However, the pharmacokinetics of dietary source of SLs remain largely unknown. In this open-label and single-dose trial, sixteen healthy volunteers consumed 150 g of Brussels/witloof chicory juice containing 48.77 μmol SLs in 5 min. Blood, urine, and fecal samples were collected before and after chicory consumption in 24 h. No SLs were detected in the serum, urine, and fecal samples before chicory consumption in all of the participants. Chicory consumption increased lactucin, 11β,13-dihydrolactucin, and their glucuronide/sulfate conjugates, rather than lactucopicrin and 11β,13-dihydrolactucopicrin, as well as glycosylated SLs in biological samples. The peak concentration of total SLs in serum reached 284.46 nmol/L at 1 h, while, in urine, this peak was 220.3 nmol between 2 and 6 h. The recovery of total SLs in blood, urine, and feces was 7.03%, 1.13%, and 43.76% of the ingested dose, respectively. Human fecal suspensions with intestinal microbiota degraded glycosylated SLs in chicory, and converted lactucopicrin and 11β,13-dihydrolactucopicrin to lactucin and 11β,13-dihydrolactucin, respectively. Collectively, Brussels/witloof chicory SLs are poorly bioavailable and they undergo partial gut microbial and phase II metabolism in humans.

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Salivary Markers of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status: Influence of External Factors

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2013/341302 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. 313-321 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Natália Kamodyová ◽

L’ubomíra Tóthová ◽

Peter Celec

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Antioxidant Status ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Tooth Brushing ◽

Carbonyl Stress ◽

Oral Diseases ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Before And After ◽

Markers Of Oxidative Stress

BACKGROUND: Salivary markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant status represent promising tool for the research of oral diseases. One of the criteria is the validation of these biomarkers from the perspective of the confounding and modifying factors.AIM: To examine the effect of circadian rhythm, tooth-brushing and ascorbic acid treatment on selected salivary markers of oxidative and carbonyl stress, and antioxidant status.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Whole unstimulated saliva samples were collected from 19 healthy participants three times during a day, before and after tooth-brushing, and before and after the administration of vitamin C (250 mg). Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured.RESULTS: Salivary AGEs levels varied significantly during the day (p< 0.05) with the highest concentrations in the morning. FRAP levels varied during the day (p< 0.01) with the highest concentrations in the afternoon. Tooth-brushing decreased AGEs (p< 0.05) and TBARS levels (p< 0.01) and increased FRAP levels (p< 0.05). Single intake of vitamin C significantly decreased AGEs (p< 0.001) and increased both FRAP (p< 0.01) and TAC (p< 0.01) concentrations.CONCLUSION: Significant daily variations were observed in salivary AGEs and FRAP levels. Tooth-brushing and treatment with vitamin C decreased carbonyl stress and increased the antioxidant status. These results are important from the perspective of using saliva for the research of oral diseases.

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Effect of bread gluten content on gastrointestinal function: a crossover MRI study on healthy humans

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114515004183 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 115 (1) ◽

pp. 55-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Marina Coletta ◽

Fred K. Gates ◽

Luca Marciani ◽

Henna Shiwani ◽

Giles Major ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Content ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Open Label ◽

Healthy Humans ◽

Gluten Content ◽

Gi Symptoms ◽

Mri Scans ◽

Mri Study ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

Healthy Participants

AbstractGluten is a crucial functional component of bread, but the effect of increasing gluten content on gastrointestinal (GI) function remains uncertain. Our aim was to investigate the effect of increasing gluten content on GI function and symptoms in healthy participants using the unique capabilities of MRI. A total of twelve healthy participants completed this randomised, mechanistic, open-label, three-way crossover study. On days 1 and 2 they consumed either gluten-free bread (GFB), or normal gluten content bread (NGCB) or added gluten content bread (AGCB). The same bread was consumed on day 3, and MRI scans were performed every 60 min from fasting baseline up to 360 min after eating. The appearance of the gastric chime in the images was assessed using a visual heterogeneity score. Gastric volumes, the small bowel water content (SBWC), colonic volumes and colonic gas content and GI symptoms were measured. Fasting transverse colonic volume after the 2-d preload was significantly higher after GFB compared with NGCB and AGCB with a dose-dependent response (289 (sem96)v. 212 (sem74)v. 179 (sem87) ml, respectively;P=0·02). The intragastric chyme heterogeneity score was higher for the bread with increased gluten (AGCB 6 (interquartile range (IQR) 0·5) compared with GFB 3 (IQR 0·5);P=0·003). However, gastric half-emptying time was not different between breads nor were study day GI symptoms, postprandial SBWC, colonic volume and gas content. This MRI study showed novel mechanistic insights in the GI responses to different breads, which are poorly understood notwithstanding the importance of this staple food.

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