scholarly journals Lubrication Effect of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Polyethylene Glycol Gel for Artificial Joints

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Shoujing Zhang ◽  
Feng Hu ◽  
Jianhui Li ◽  
Leifeng Lv ◽  
Hailin Lu
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Artificial Joints ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Biological Tests ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
Lubrication Effect

One of the most common problems encountered by patients using artificial joints is the high wear rate. In this study, a polyvinyl alcohol/polyethylene glycol (PVA/PEG) gel was prepared through the cross-linking reaction between polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) solutions. This gel can lubricate artificial joints, thereby lowering their coefficient of friction (COF) and increasing their service life. Various techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectra, X-ray photon spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analyses, were used to analyze the structure of this synthetic gel. The tribological results indicated that the synthetic gel’s lubrication effect was the most optimum when it contained PVA (10 wt%) and PEG (15 wt%). An average COF of 0.05 was obtained under a load of 10 N and at a speed of 1.0 cm/s. In addition, the wear rate was reduced in comparison to distilled water. Furthermore, the biological tests proved that the PVA/PEG gel was highly biocompatible. Thus, this study introduces a novel technique to prepare PVA/PEG gels that improve the tribological performance of artificial joints.

scholarly journals In VitroSustained Release Study of Gallic Acid Coated with Magnetite-PEG and Magnetite-PVA for Drug Delivery System

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dena Dorniani ◽  
Aminu Umar Kura ◽  
Samer Hasan Hussein-Al-Ali ◽  
Mohd Zobir Bin Hussein ◽  
Sharida Fakurazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

The efficacy of two nanocarriers polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol magnetic nanoparticles coated with gallic acid (GA) was accomplished via X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, magnetic measurements, thermal analysis, and TEM. X-ray diffraction and TEM results showed that Fe3O4nanoparticles were pure iron oxide having spherical shape with the average diameter of 9 nm, compared with 31 nm and 35 nm after coating with polyethylene glycol-GA (FPEGG) and polyvinyl alcohol-GA (FPVAG), respectively. Thermogravimetric analyses proved that after coating the thermal stability was markedly enhanced. Magnetic measurements and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) revealed that superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles could be successfully coated with two polymers (PEG and PVA) and gallic acid as an active drug. Release behavior of gallic acid from two nanocomposites showed that FPEGG and FPVAG nanocomposites were found to be sustained and governed by pseudo-second-order kinetics. Anticancer activity of the two nanocomposites shows that the FPEGG demonstrated higher anticancer effect on the breast cancer cell lines in almost all concentrations tested compared to FPVAG.

Effect of NABr on the Pore Size and Surface Morphology of Cu Foam Prepared by Hydrogen Bubble Templating

2021 ◽  
Vol 880 ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Mary Donnabelle L. Balela ◽  
Reginald E. Masirag ◽  
Francis O. Pacariem Jr. ◽  
Juicel Marie D. Taguinod
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Cuprous Oxide ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Hydrogen Bubble ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cu Foam ◽  
Interconnected Pores

Binderless supercapacitor electrodes are currently being employed to increase the surface contact between the active material and current collector, leading to enhanced capacitance. In binderless electrodes, the active material is directly grown on the surface of the current collector, omitting the use of insulative polymer-based binders. In this work, Cu foam was successfully electrodeposited on Cu sheet by dynamic hydrogen bubble templating (DHBT) using polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sodium bromide (NaBr) as additives. The current density was set at 3 A·cm-2 and electrodeposition was performed for 20 s. At 200 mg/L PEG, increasing the NaBr concentration from 0 to 80 mM produced Cu foam with decreasing pores sizes of about 75.15 to 34.10 μm. However, the walls of the interconnected pores became thicker as the pore diameters were reduced. This indicates that NaBr promotes Cu deposition rather than hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), leading to smaller pore sizes. X-ray diffraction confirms the oxidation of the Cu foam under ambient conditions forming cuprous oxide (Cu2O). The Cu2O/Cu foam was then utilized as binderless electrode for supercapacitor, resulting to a specific capacitance of 0.815 F·cm-2 at 5 mV·s-1. Results show the potential of the fabricated Cu2O/Cu foam as binderless electrode for pseudo-type supercapacitors.

scholarly journals The Effect of Polyvinyl Alcohol Concentration on the Growth Kinetics of KTiOPO4 Nanoparticles Synthesized by the Co-precipitation Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-193
Author(s):  
Elaheh Gharibshahian
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Shape Control ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Capping Agent ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Co Precipitation

KTiOPO4 nanoparticles are known as the best candidate to utilize for second-harmonic generation in multiphoton microscopes and bio labels. Size and shape are important and effective parameters to control the properties of nanoparticles. In this paper, we will investigate the role of capping agent concentration on the size and shape control of KTP nanoparticles. We synthesized KTP nanoparticles by the co-precipitation method. Polyvinyl alcohol with different mole ratios to titanium ion (1:3, 1:2, 1:1) was used as a capping agent. Products were examined by X-ray diffraction patterns and scanning electron microscopy analyses. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the formation of the KTP structure. The biggest (56.36nm) and smallest (39.42nm) grain size were obtained by 1:3 and 1:1 mole ratios of capping agent, respectively. Dumbly, spherical and polyhedral forms of KTP nanoparticles were observed by the change in capping agent mole ratio. The narrowest size distribution of KTiOPO4 nanoparticles was obtained at 1:1 mole ratio of capping agent. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2020-01-04-06 Full Text: PDF

The Influence of Introduction of Polyethylene Glycol on Synthesis of Bimodal Mesoporous γ-Al2O3

2013 ◽  
Vol 709 ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
Xiang Li ◽  
Xin Mei Liu ◽  
Zi Feng Yan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Relative Crystallinity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Opposite Tendency

In the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG2W),bimodal mesoporous γ-Al2O3 was successfully synthesized via hydrothermal method. The samples were respectively characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 physisorption, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimeter (TG-DSC). Introduction of PEG2W can increase the relative crystallinity of AACH and γ-Al2O3. The BET surface area and pore volume of alumina shows an increasing trend with increasing of PEG2W content, while the pore size shows an opposite tendency. The PEG2W also plays an important role in inducing the formation of the nanorod-like alumina.

scholarly journals A novel technique to synthesis of tenorite (CuO) nanoparticles from low concentration CuSO4 solution

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Darezereshki ◽  
F. Bakhtiari
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Decomposition Method ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Cuo Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermal Decomposition Method ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Transmission Electron

In this study CuO nanoparticles were prepared via direct thermal decomposition method using basic copper sulphates as wet chemically synthesized precursor which was calcined in air at 750?C for 2h. Samples were characterized by thermogravimetric (TG-DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), infrared spectrum (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The XRD, EDS, and IR results indicated that the synthesized CuO particles were pure. The SEM and TEM results showed that the CuO nanoparticles were of approximate spherical shape, and 170?5 nm in size. Using this method, Cuo nanoparticles could be produced without using organic solvent, expensive raw materials, and complicated equipment.

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of polyani-line/polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite by laser irradiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
N A M Shahin ◽  
S Abd El Mongy ◽  
R Kamal ◽  
A B El- Bially ◽  
A A Shabaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Imaginary Part ◽  
Electronic Transition ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Amorphous Nature

Polyaniline (PANI) - Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposite were prepared using laser irradiation method. X-ray diffraction results showed that, (PANI/PVA) nanocomposite exhibited amorphous nature of polymer. The electronic transition will be studied using Ultraviolet-Visible spectrometer (UV-Vis). The real part of dielectric constant (έ) and imaginary part (ε") were studied. Also, the relaxation time was calculated.

A Novel Technique of Flyash Utilization: Preparation of Silica from Flyash by Alkali Leaching

2010 ◽  
Vol 434-435 ◽  
pp. 814-815
Author(s):  
An Ran Guo ◽  
Jia Chen Liu ◽  
Yi Bing Sun ◽  
Wen Jun Lian ◽  
Lu Yang
Keyword(s):  
High Purity ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Reinforcing Agent ◽  
Alkali Leaching ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Fluorescence Spectrometer ◽  
Scanning Electron

A new technique of flyash utilization was presented and high-purity silica was prepared by alkali leaching. The flyash was added into sodium hydroxide solution, and then the suspension was heated to 115 °C for 30 min. After filtrated, the filtrate was collected and carbon dioxide was imported into the solution. Finally, the silica would precipitate from the solution. The silica was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. The high-purity silica prepared from flyash was qualified for the rubber reinforcing agent used in shoemaking.

Study of the structure and thermal characteristics of nanocomposites based on polyvinyl alcohol and intercalated montmorillonite

2019 ◽  
pp. 089270571987919
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Krasinskyi ◽  
Ivan Gajdos ◽  
Oleh Suberlyak ◽  
Viktoria Antoniuk ◽  
Tomasz Jachowicz
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Degree Of Crystallinity

The structure and thermal characteristics of nanocomposites based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and montmorillonite (MMT) intercalated with polyvinylpyrrolidone were investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The modification of PVA with intercalated MMT reduces the degree of crystallinity of the resulting nanocomposites but significantly increases their thermal stability. Under ultrasound, the intercalated MMT was completely distributed in a PVA solution and formed a monocrystalline structure. Films based on PVA with modified MMT were cross-linked at 110°C in the presence of 5 wt% acrylic acid and 0.5 wt% Ferrous(II) sulfate as an initiator. The formed films have a homogeneous cross-linked structure.

scholarly journals Effect of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) on Nd-TiO2/graphene oxide nanocomposite for removal of lead(II) and copper(II) from aquatic media

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Samadi ◽  
Sayed Mohammad Hosain Mirseyfifard ◽  
Mina Assari ◽  
Marzieh Hassannejad
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Cellulose ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Anatase Titania ◽  
Maximum Removal

In order to investigate the effect of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) on adsorbing capacity of nanosorbent Nd-TiO2/GO, Nd-TiO2/HPC/GO, Nd-TiO2/PVP/GO and Nd-TiO2/PEG/GO nanocomposites were synthesized. Studies by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the expected structure and X-ray diffraction results confirmed the formation of crystalline phase of anatase titania and also graphene oxide (GO). Scanning electron microscopy pictures and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis showed the formation of Nd-TiO2 nanoparticles. These nanocomposites were used for removal of lead(II) and copper(II) from water and the effective factors on removal were optimized. The results showed that the maximum removal for all three nanocomposites was at pH = 7. The amount of adsorbent and contact time for Nd-TiO2/HPC/GO and Nd-TiO2/PVP/GO nanocomposites was equal to 0.02 g and 20 minutes respectively, but they were equal to 0.01 g and 15 minutes for Nd-TiO2/PEG/GO nanocomposite. Investigating the effect of interfering ions showed they had no considerable effect on removal efficiency. In order to investigate the effect of photocatalytic activity in optimal conditions and in the presence of visible–ultraviolet light, the removal process was performed. The results showed an increase in removal efficiency. Furthermore, the ability of synthesized nanosorbents to decompose organic compounds available in water was confirmed and their energy band gaps were calculated.

scholarly journals Electroactive Hydrogels Made with Polyvinyl Alcohol/Cellulose Nanocrystals

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tippabattini Jayaramudu ◽  
Hyun-U Ko ◽  
Hyun Kim ◽  
Jung Kim ◽  
Ruth Muthoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Active Drug ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Uptake Capacity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Actuation Mechanism ◽  
Water Uptake Capacity ◽  
Electrostatic Effect ◽  
Scanning Electron

This paper reports a nontoxic, soft and electroactive hydrogel made with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC). The CNC incorporating PVA-CNC hydrogels were prepared using a freeze–thaw technique with different CNC concentrations. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy results proved the good miscibility of CNCs with PVA. The optical transparency, water uptake capacity and mechanical properties of the prepared hydrogels were investigated in this study. The CNC incorporating PVA-CNC hydrogels showed improved displacement output in the presence of an electric field and the displacement increased with an increase in the CNC concentration. The possible actuation mechanism was an electrostatic effect and the displacement improvement of the hydrogel associated with its enhanced dielectric properties and softness. Since the prepared PVA-CNC hydrogel is nontoxic and electroactive, it can be used for biomimetic soft robots, actively reconfigurable lenses and active drug-release applications.

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