scholarly journals The Effect of Proton and Arsenic Concentration on As(III) Removal by Hematite and Kaolin Complexes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Shuai Lan ◽  
Siyu Zhou ◽  
Qin Zhang ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Yupeng Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Focus Of Attention ◽  
New Mineral ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Arsenic Pollution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mineralogical Characteristics ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Xrd Patterns

With the intensification of human activities, arsenite (As(III)) pollutant from the soil and ground water has been a threat to human health, and the problem gradually becomes the focus of attention. In this study, the effects of several environment factors on As(III) removal ability of complex minerals are determined through the analysis of mineralogical characteristics of the complex synthesis of hematite and kaolin, using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, and specific surface area. In the results, the XRD patterns of hematite and kaolin complexes indicate that the loading covers up some characteristic peaks of minerals in kaolin, which can be that hematite loading decrease the order of structure for some minerals. With increasing Fe content, the hydroxyl sites gradually increase, therefore strengthening the As(III) removal ability of complexes. With increasing the As(III) concentration, the removal ratios of kaolin on As(III) almost keep unchanged and that of complexes show no obvious regularity. However, with the pH increasing, the removal ratios of all samples keep increasing. Furthermore, the increasing of As(III) concentration and pH both improve As(III) removal amount significantly, especially for As(III) concentration. In addition, there is no forming of new mineral through it as observed by XRD. Therefore, hematite loading can promote the As(III) removal on kaolin through adsorption in different environments, which can provide a better method for the remediation of arsenic pollution.

New complete assignment of X-ray powder diffraction patterns in graphitic carbon nitride using discrete Fourier transform and direct experimental evidence

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (38) ◽  
pp. 26072-26084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo-wen Sun ◽  
Hong-yu Yu ◽  
Yong-jing Yang ◽  
Hui-jun Li ◽  
Cheng-yu Zhai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Graphitic Carbon ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Complete Assignment ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Xrd Patterns

To date, there have been only a few studies focusing on the assignment of X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns in graphitic carbon nitrides (g-C3N4) and contradictory determination for a broad peak around 12°–14° has been perplexing.

scholarly journals Effect of Iron Additives on the Microstructure of Hydroxyapatite

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 532-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Gamal ◽  
F. A. Al-Mufadi ◽  
A. H. Said
Keyword(s):  
Dislocation Density ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Wet Chemical Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Detailed Structural Analysis ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Hall Plot ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Xrd Patterns

In this article, some Fe (III) doped hydroxyapatite samples (FeHAp) were prepared using the wet chemical method. The prepared samples were characterized via the use of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Detailed structural analysis were done by  Scherrer and Williamson–Hall plot methods to detect the effect of iron on the structure of hydroxyapatite (HAp). XRD patterns showed that all samples were single phased HAp. Relations between the Fe content and the deformation of the lattice parameters, dislocation density, grain size, microstrain, crystallinity were investigated. The presence of iron in the HAp lattice is found to decrease both the crystal size and the dislocation density. Further results are presented and discussed.

STABILITY OF FE2+-BEARING MINERALS DURING OXIDATION PRETREATMENT FOR SOIL ANALYSIS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-436
Author(s):  
C. R. DE KIMPE ◽  
N. MILES ◽  
D. CARSON
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Valence State ◽  
Interlayer Space ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Oxidizing Agent ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Decomposition Of Organic Matter ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Four minerals, thuringite, hornblende, biotite and magnetite, in which Fe2+ content represents 91, 83, 78 and 33% of the total Fe content, respectively, were treated with 0 plasma to evaluate the effect of this oxidizing agent on the valence state of the iron. X-ray diffraction analysis and Mössbauer spectroscopy indicated that these minerals were not affected by the treatment within the detection limits of the instruments. The method is thereby acceptable for the decomposition of organic matter in soils; the dry environment inherent in the 0 plasma treatment cannot transport cations susceptible to substitution for those present in the interlayer space. Key words: XRD patterns, Mössbauer spectra, hornblende, thuringite, biotite, magnetite

Synthesis of Ag-Hydroxyapatite

2016 ◽  
Vol 720 ◽  
pp. 234-238
Author(s):  
Flavia Mendonça Fonseca ◽  
Andrea Machado Costa ◽  
Rubens Lincoln Santana Blazutti Marçal ◽  
Daniel Navarro da Rocha ◽  
José Brant de Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Ftir Spectroscopy ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Silver-bioceramics have a great potential to optimize the bone grafts materials to avoid microorganism infections on patients. The present study synthesized and characterized hydroxyapatite doped with silver (Ag), by an acidic route of precipitation method, and the proposal of the Ag-HA synthesis is to promote the bioactivity and bactericidal ability with less toxicity for organism. The samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis. There was a pronounced grain growth after 1100°C HA and AgHA heat treatments for both HA and Ag-HA powders, observed by FEG-SEM analysis. XRD patterns of AgHA sintered at 1100°C showed HA as the main phase, but also a secondary whitlockite phase. However, 100% HA was observed for the Ag-HA samples heat treated at 700°C and 900°C. However, pure HA showed decomposition at 900°C. The acidic route of precipitation method showed to be effective for silver-doped hydroxyapatite production.

PENGGUNAAN TiO2 PARTIKEL NANO HASIL SINTESIS BERBASIS AIR MENGGUNAKAN METODA SOL-GEL PADA BAHAN KAPAS SEBAGAI APLIKASI UNTUK TEKSTIL ANTI UV

Arena Tekstil ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Komalasari ◽  
Bambang Sunendar
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Scanning Electron

Partikel nano TiO2 berbasis air dengan pH basa telah berhasil disintesis dengan menggunakan metode sol-gel dan diimobilisasi pada kain kapas dengan menggunakan kitosan sebagai zat pengikat silang. Sintesis dilakukan  dengan prekursor TiCl4 pada konsentrasi 0,3 M, 0,5 M dan 1 M, dan menggunakan templat kanji dengan proses kalsinasi pada suhu 500˚C selama 2 jam. Partikel nano TiO2 diaplikasikan ke kain kapas dengan metoda pad-dry-cure dan menggunakan kitosan sebagai crosslinking agent. Berdasarkan hasil Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM),diketahui bahwa morfologi partikel TiO2 berbentuk spherical dengan ukuran nano (kurang dari 100 nm). Karakterisasi X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) menunjukkan adanya tiga tipe struktur kristal utama, yaitu (100), (101) dan (102) dengan fasa kristal yang terbentuk adalah anatase dan rutile. Pada karakterisasi menggunakan SEM terhadap serbuk dari TiO2 yang telah diaplikasikan ke permukaan kain kapas, terlihat adanya imobilisasi partikel nano TiO2 melalui ikatan hidrogen silang dengan kitosan pada kain kapas. Hasil analisa tersebut kemudian dikonfirmasi dengan FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red) yang hasilnya memperlihatkan puncak serapan pada bilangan gelombang 3495 cm-1, 2546 cm-1, dan 511 cm-1,  yang masing-masing diasumsikan sebagai adanya vibrasi gugus fungsi O-H, N-H dan Ti-O-Ti. Hasil SEM menunjukkan pula bahwa kristal nano yang terbentuk diantaranya adalah fasa rutile , yang berdasarkan literatur terbukti dapatberfungsi sebagai anti UV.

PENINGKATAN LAJU DISOLUSI ACYCLOVIR DENGAN METODE SISTEM DISPERSI PADAT MENGGUNAKAN POLOXAMER 188

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Budi Setiawan ◽  
Erizal Zaini ◽  
Salman Umar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Poloxamer 188 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Sebuah penelitian tentang sistem dispersi padat dari asiklovir dengan poloxamer 188 telah dilakukan formulasi dengan pencampuran secara fisika dengan rasio 1 : 1, 1 : 3, 1 : 5 dan dispersi padat 1 : 1, 1 : 3, 1 : 5 dan penggilingan 1:1 sebagai pembanding. Dispersi padat dibuat menggunakan metode pencairan (fusi), yang digabung dengan poloxamer 188 pada hotplate kemudian asiklovir dimasukkan ke dalam hasil poloxamer 188 lalu di kocok hingga membentuk masa homogen. Semua formula yang terbentuk termasuk asiklovir poloxamer 188 murni dianalisis karakterisasinya dengan Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), X-ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), dan Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), kemudian pengambilan dilakukan  (penentuan kadar) mengunakan spektrofotometer UV pada panjang gelombang 257,08 nm dan uji laju disolusi dengan aquadest bebas CO2 menggunakan metode dayung. Hasil pengambilan  (penentuan kadar) menunjukkan bahwa semua formula memenuhi persyaratan farmakope Amerika edisi 30 dan farmakope Indonesia edisi 4 yaitu 95-110%. Sedangkan hasil uji laju disolusi untuk campuran fisik 1: 1, dan dispersi padat 1: 1, dan penggilingan 1: 1 menunjukkan peningkatan yang nyata dibandingkan asiklovir murni. Hal ini juga dapat dilihat dari hasil perhitungan statistik  menggunakan analisis varian satu arah  SPSS 17.

Hingganite-(Nd), Nd2□Be2Si2O8(OH)2, a new gadolinite-supergroup mineral from Zagi Mountain, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 549-562
Author(s):  
Anatoly V. Kasatkin ◽  
Fabrizio Nestola ◽  
Radek Škoda ◽  
Nikita V. Chukanov ◽  
Atali A. Agakhanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Mineral ◽  
Monoclinic Space Group ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Average Chemical Composition ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Conchoidal Fracture ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Optical Axes ◽  
Mohs Hardness ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province

ABSTRACT Hingganite-(Nd), ideally Nd2□Be2Si2O8(OH)2, is a new gadolinite group, gadolinite supergroup mineral discovered at Zagi Mountain, near Kafoor Dheri, about 4 km S of Warsak and 30 km NW of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan. The new mineral forms zones measuring up to 1 × 1 mm2 in loose prismatic crystals up to 0.7 cm long, where it is intergrown with hingganite-(Y). Other associated minerals include aegirine, microcline, fergusonite-(Y), and zircon. Hingganite-(Nd) is dark greenish-brown, transparent, has vitreous luster and a white streak. It is brittle and has a conchoidal fracture. No cleavage or parting are observed. Mohs hardness is 5½–6. Dcalc. = 4.690 g/cm3. Hingganite-(Nd) is non-pleochroic, optically biaxial (+), α = 1.746(5), β = 1.766(5), γ = 1.792(6) (589 nm). 2Vmeas. = 80(7)°; 2Vcalc. = 84°. Dispersion of optical axes was not observed. The average chemical composition of hingganite-(Nd) is as follows (wt.%; electron microprobe, BeO, B2O3, and Lu2O3 content measured by LA-ICP-MS; H2O calculated by stoichiometry): BeO 9.64, CaO 0.45, MnO 0.10, FeO 3.03, B2O3 0.42, Y2O3 8.75, La2O3 1.63, Ce2O3 12.89, Pr2O3 3.09, Nd2O3 16.90, Sm2O3 5.97, Eu2O3 1.08, Gd2O3 5.15, Tb2O3 0.50, Dy2O3 2.50, Ho2O3 0.33, Er2O3 0.84, Tm2O3 0.10, Yb2O3 0.44, Lu2O3 0.04, ThO2 0.13, SiO2 23.55, H2O 2.72, total 100.25. The empirical formula calculated on the basis of 2 Si apfu is (Nd0.513Ce0.401Y0.395Sm0.175Gd0.145Pr0.096Dy0.068La0.051Ca0.041Eu0.031Er0.022Tb0.014Yb0.011Ho0.009Tm0.003Th0.003Lu0.001)Σ1.979(□0.778Fe2+0.215Mn0.007)Σ1.000(Be1.967B0.062)Σ2.029Si2O8.46(OH)1.54. Hingganite-(Nd) is monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 4.77193(15), b = 7.6422(2), c = 9.9299(2) Å, β = 89.851(2)°, V = 362.123(14) Å3, and Z = 2. The strongest lines of the powder X-ray diffraction pattern [d, Å (I, %) (hkl)] are: 6.105 (95) (011), 4.959 (56) (002), 4.773 (100) (100), 3.462 (58) (102), 3.122 , 3.028 (61) (013), 2.864 (87) (121), 2.573 (89) (113). The crystal structure of hingganite-(Nd) was refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data to R = 0.034 for 2007 unique reflections with I > 2σ(I). The new mineral is named as an analogue of hingganite-(Y), hingganite-(Yb), and hingganite-(Ce), but with Nd dominant among the rare earth elements.

Dalnegroite, Tl5–xPb2x(As,Sb)2l–xS34, a new thallium sulphosalt from Lengenbach quarry, Binntal, Switzerland

2009 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 1027-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Nestola ◽  
A. Guastoni ◽  
L. Bindi ◽  
L. Secco
Keyword(s):  
Polarized Light ◽  
New Mineral ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Elemental Concentrations ◽  
Reflected Light ◽  
Mohs Hardness ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The University ◽  
Probable Space

AbstractDalnegroite, ideally Tl4Pb2(As12Sb8)Σ20S34, is a new mineral from Lengenbach, Binntal, Switzerland. It occurs as anhedral to subhedral grains up to 200 μm across, closely associated with realgar, pyrite, Sb-rich seligmanite in a gangue of dolomite. Dalnegroite is opaque with a submetallic lustre and shows a brownish-red streak. It is brittle; the Vickers hardness (VHN25) is 87 kg mm-2(range: 69—101) (Mohs hardness ∼3—3½). In reflected light, dalnegroite is highly bireflectant and weakly pleochroic, from white to a slightly greenish-grey. In cross-polarized light, it is highly anisotropic with bluish to green rotation tints and red internal reflections.According to chemical and X-ray diffraction data, dalnegroite appears to be isotypic with chabournéite, Tl5-xPb2x(Sb,As)21-xS34. It is triclinic, probable space groupP1, witha= 16.217(7) Å,b= 42.544(9) Å,c= 8.557(4) Å, α = 95.72(4)°, β = 90.25(4)°, γ = 96.78(4)°,V= 5832(4) Å3,Z= 4.The nine strongest powder-diffraction lines [d(Å) (I/I0) (hkl)] are: 3.927 (100) (10 0); 3.775 (45) (22); 3.685 (45) (60); 3.620 (50) (440); 3.124 (50) (2); 2.929 (60) (42); 2.850 (70) (42); 2.579 (45) (02); 2.097 (60) (024). The mean of 11 electron microprobe analyses gave elemental concentrations as follows: Pb 10.09(1) wt.%, Tl 20.36(1), Sb 23.95(1), As 21.33(8), S 26.16(8), totalling 101.95 wt.%, corresponding to Tl4.15Pb2.03(As11.86Sb8.20)S34. The new mineral is named for Alberto Dal Negro, Professor in Mineralogy and Crystallography at the University of Padova since 1976.

scholarly journals Influence of Li2CO3 addition on electrical and magnetic properties of Ni0.6Mg0.4Fe2O4

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 2050003
Author(s):  
M. R. Hassan ◽  
M. T. Islam ◽  
M. N. I. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Charge Carriers ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrical And Magnetic Properties ◽  
Frequency Regime ◽  
Xrd Patterns

In this research, influence of adding Li2CO3 (at 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%) on electrical and magnetic properties of [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]Fe2O4 (with 60% Ni and 40% Mg) ferrite has been studied. The samples are prepared by solid state reaction method and sintered at 1300∘C for 6[Formula: see text]h. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns show the samples belong to single-phase cubic structure without any impurity phase. The magnetic properties (saturation magnetization and coercivity) of the samples have been investigated by VSM and found that the higher concentration of Li2CO3 reduces the hysteresis loss. DC resistivity increases with Li2CO3 contents whereas it decreases initially and then becomes constant at lower value with temperature which indicates that the studied samples are semiconductor. The dielectric dispersion occurs at a low-frequency regime and the loss peaks are formed in a higher frequency regime, which are due to the presence of resonance between applied frequency and hopping frequency of charge carriers. Notably, the loss peaks are shifted to the lower frequency with Li2CO3 additions.

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