Chronisch-obstruktive Lungenerkrankung: Das Mikrobiom im Blick behalten

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-83
Author(s):  
Susanne M. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Lung Microbiome ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
16S Rna ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects up to 65 million people worldwide, and COPD exacerbation causes tissue damage and subsequent loss of lung function. It is a multifactorial event in which respiratory infections are involved, but little is known about its dynamics. Objectives: The objective of our study was to determine the microbiome composition during an exacerbation event and post-stabilization. Methods: We conducted an observational analytical study of a cohort of 55 COPD patients in which 2 sputum samples (the first taken during an exacerbation event and the second during clinical post-stabilization) were submitted to 16s RNA ribosomal analysis by Illumina Miseq Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). The presence of respiratory viruses was also determined. Results: Our study found a stable microbiome composition in the post-stabilization sputum samples of COPD patients, and 4 additional microbiomes in samples taken during the exacerbation, 3 of which showed a marked dysbiosis by Haemophilus, Pseudomonas, and Serratia. The fourth exacerbation microbiome had a very similar composition to post-stabilization samples, but some pathogens such as Moraxella and respiratory viruses were also found. Conclusions: Our study reveals the main protagonists involved in lung microbiome dynamics during an exacerbation event and post-stabilization in COPD patients by NGS analysis.

scholarly journals Lung microbiome of stable and exacerbated COPD patients in Tshwane, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Goolam Mahomed ◽  
R. P. H. Peters ◽  
M. Allam ◽  
A. Ismail ◽  
S. Mtshali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Shotgun Metagenomics ◽  
Alpha And Beta Diversity ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Lung Microbiome ◽  
Copd Patients

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by the occurrence of exacerbations triggered by infections. The aim of this study was to determine the composition of the lung microbiome and lung virome in patients with COPD in an African setting and to compare their composition between the stable and exacerbated states. Twenty-four adult COPD patients were recruited from three hospitals. Sputum was collected and bacterial DNA was extracted. Targeted metagenomics was performed to determine the microbiome composition. Viral DNA and RNA were extracted from selected samples followed by cDNA conversion. Shotgun metagenomics sequencing was performed on pooled DNA and RNA. The most abundant phyla across all samples were Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. The following genera were most prevalent: Haemophilus and Streptococcus. There were no considerable differences for alpha and beta diversity measures between the disease states. However, a difference in the abundances between disease states was observed for: (i) Serratia (3% lower abundance in exacerbated state), (ii) Granulicatella (2.2% higher abundance in exacerbated state), (iii) Haemophilus (5.7% higher abundance in exacerbated state) and (iv) Veillonella (2.5% higher abundance in exacerbated state). Virome analysis showed a high abundance of the BeAn 58058 virus, a member of the Poxviridae family, in all six samples (90% to 94%). This study is among the first to report lung microbiome composition in COPD patients from Africa. In this small sample set, no differences in alpha or beta diversity between stable and exacerbated disease state was observed, but an unexpectedly high frequency of BeAn 58058 virus was observed. These observations highlight the need for further research of the lung microbiome of COPD patients in African settings.

scholarly journals Serum Procalcitonin Guided Antibiotic Therapy in Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Rawshan Arra Khanam ◽  
Md Ashraful Haque ◽  
Mohammad Omar Faruq
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Acute Phase Reactants ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Exacerbation Of Copd

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable, but progressive disease. Hospital admissions of patients with COPD are frequently due to acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD). AECOPD are very common, affecting about 20% of COPD patients. The bacterial infection plays an important role in the exacerbation of COPD patients. In addition, recent studies using molecular diagnostics indicate that a substantial proportion of AECOPD are associated with viral infection. Accurate methods to differentiate viral and bacterial respiratory infections to allow targeted antibiotic therapy would be beneficial. Acute phase reactants are capable of demonstrating the inflammation; however, they cannot be employed to make a difference between bacterial and nonbacterial causes of the inflammation. Recently, measurement of procalcitonin (PCT) levels appears to be useful in order to minimize this problem.Bangladesh Crit Care J September 2015; 3 (2): 67-70

scholarly journals Disease-associated gut microbiome and metabolome changes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate L. Bowerman ◽  
Saima Firdous Rehman ◽  
Annalicia Vaughan ◽  
Nancy Lachner ◽  
Kurtis F. Budden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Microbiome ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
The Family ◽  
Faecal Microbiome

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third commonest cause of death globally, and manifests as a progressive inflammatory lung disease with no curative treatment. The lung microbiome contributes to COPD progression, but the function of the gut microbiome remains unclear. Here we examine the faecal microbiome and metabolome of COPD patients and healthy controls, finding 146 bacterial species differing between the two groups. Several species, including Streptococcus sp000187445, Streptococcus vestibularis and multiple members of the family Lachnospiraceae, also correlate with reduced lung function. Untargeted metabolomics identifies a COPD signature comprising 46% lipid, 20% xenobiotic and 20% amino acid related metabolites. Furthermore, we describe a disease-associated network connecting Streptococcus parasanguinis_B with COPD-associated metabolites, including N-acetylglutamate and its analogue N-carbamoylglutamate. While correlative, our results suggest that the faecal microbiome and metabolome of COPD patients are distinct from those of healthy individuals, and may thus aid in the search for biomarkers for COPD.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and genetic characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate COP2 from the lungs of COPD patients in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelei Zhao ◽  
Yang Yuan ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Wenjuan Pan ◽  
Chaochao Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Evolutionary Status ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Transcriptional Pattern ◽  
Genetic Features

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important opportunistic pathogen normally associated with increasing morbidity and mortality of immunocompromised hosts with respiratory infections. The phenotypic and genetic features of P. aeruginosa from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remain poorly understood. By using the sputum samples of 25 hospitalized COPD patients from the affiliated hospital of Southwest Medical University (China), we identified a P. aeruginosa isolate, COP2, which showed multiple antibiotic resistance and enhanced Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) production but decreased motility, biofilm formation and virulence compared with the model strain PAO1. Importantly, COP2 harbored a substantial amount of mutations that might influence the functions of 1771 genes in the genome and the evolutionary status of this isolate was clearly distinct from the PAO1 lineage. Accordingly, COP2 had a discrepant transcriptional pattern relating to flagellar assembly, antibiotic resistance, biofilm and PQS production, and can increase the capacities of compound degradation in response to resource/space stresses. Therefore, the identification of COP2 in this study provides preliminary information regarding the genetic features and survival strategy of P. aeruginosa in colonizing COPD lungs and lays the foundations for further understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of pseudomonal infections.

scholarly journals The Role of Extracellular Vesicles as a Shared Disease Mechanism Contributing to Multimorbidity in Patients With COPD

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura V. Reid ◽  
C. Mirella Spalluto ◽  
Alastair Watson ◽  
Karl J. Staples ◽  
Tom M. A. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Recipient Cell ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Individuals with COPD typically experience a progressive, debilitating decline in lung function as well as systemic manifestations of the disease. Multimorbidity, is common in COPD patients and increases the risk of hospitalisation and mortality. Central to the genesis of multimorbidity in COPD patients is a self-perpetuating, abnormal immune and inflammatory response driven by factors including ageing, pollutant inhalation (including smoking) and infection. As many patients with COPD have multiple concurrent chronic conditions, which require an integrative management approach, there is a need to greater understand the shared disease mechanisms contributing to multimorbidity. The intercellular transfer of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has recently been proposed as an important method of local and distal cell-to-cell communication mediating both homeostatic and pathological conditions. EVs have been identified in many biological fluids and provide a stable capsule for the transfer of cargo including proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Of these cargo, microRNAs (miRNAs), which are short 17-24 nucleotide non-coding RNA molecules, have been amongst the most extensively studied. There is evidence to support that miRNA are selectively packaged into EVs and can regulate recipient cell gene expression including major pathways involved in inflammation, apoptosis and fibrosis. Furthermore changes in EV cargo including miRNA have been reported in many chronic diseases and in response to risk factors including respiratory infections, noxious stimuli and ageing. In this review, we discuss the potential of EVs and EV-associated miRNA to modulate shared pathological processes in chronic diseases. Further delineating these may lead to the identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for patients with COPD and multimorbidities.

scholarly journals Lung microbiome dynamics in COPD exacerbations

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1082-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Wang ◽  
Mona Bafadhel ◽  
Koirobi Haldar ◽  
Aaron Spivak ◽  
David Mayhew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable State ◽  
Interaction Network ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Exacerbations ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Lung Microbiome ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Disease Aetiology ◽  
Highly Correlated

Increasing evidence suggests that the lung microbiome plays an important role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) severity. However, the dynamics of the lung microbiome during COPD exacerbations and its potential role in disease aetiology remain poorly understood.We completed a longitudinal 16S ribosomal RNA survey of the lung microbiome on 476 sputum samples collected from 87 subjects with COPD at four visits defined as stable state, exacerbation, 2 weeks post-therapy and 6 weeks recovery.Our analysis revealed a dynamic lung microbiota where changes appeared to be associated with exacerbation events and indicative of specific exacerbation phenotypes. Antibiotic and steroid treatments appear to have differential effects on the lung microbiome. We depict a microbial interaction network for the lung microbiome and suggest that perturbation of a few bacterial operational taxonomic units, in particular Haemophilus spp., could greatly impact the overall microbial community structure. Furthermore, several serum and sputum biomarkers, in particular sputum interleukin-8, appear to be highly correlated with the structure and diversity of the microbiome.Our study furthers the understanding of lung microbiome dynamics in COPD patients and highlights its potential as a biomarker, and possibly a target, for future respiratory therapeutics.

scholarly journals The lung microbiome in end-stage Lymphangioleiomyomatosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Ng ◽  
Gustavo Pacheco-Rodriguez ◽  
Lesa Begley ◽  
Yvonne J. Huang ◽  
Sergio Poli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Cystic Lung ◽  
Lung Microbiome ◽  
End Stage

AbstractLymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a progressive cystic lung disease with mortality driven primarily by respiratory failure. Patients with LAM frequently have respiratory infections, suggestive of a dysregulated microbiome. Here we demonstrate that end-stage LAM patients have a distinct microbiome signature compared to patients with end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

scholarly journals Lung Microbiome Participation in Local Immune Response Regulation in Respiratory Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1059
Author(s):  
Juan Alberto Lira-Lucio ◽  
Ramcés Falfán-Valencia ◽  
Alejandra Ramírez-Venegas ◽  
Ivette Buendía-Roldán ◽  
Jorge Rojas-Serrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Interstitial Lung Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Microbial Profile ◽  
Host Interaction ◽  
Lung Microbiome

The lung microbiome composition has critical implications in the regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Next-generation sequencing techniques have revolutionized the understanding of pulmonary physiology and pathology. Currently, it is clear that the lung is not a sterile place; therefore, the investigation of the participation of the pulmonary microbiome in the presentation, severity, and prognosis of multiple pathologies, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and interstitial lung diseases, contributes to a better understanding of the pathophysiology. Dysregulation of microbiota components in the microbiome–host interaction is associated with multiple lung pathologies, severity, and prognosis, making microbiome study a useful tool for the identification of potential therapeutic strategies. This review integrates the findings regarding the activation and regulation of the innate and adaptive immune response pathways according to the microbiome, including microbial patterns that could be characteristic of certain diseases. Further studies are required to verify whether the microbial profile and its metabolites can be used as biomarkers of disease progression or poor prognosis and to identify new therapeutic targets that restore lung dysbiosis safely and effectively.

Oral and Oropharyngeal Sensory Function in Adults With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 864-872
Author(s):  
Fernanda Borowsky da Rosa ◽  
Adriane Schmidt Pasqualoto ◽  
Catriona M. Steele ◽  
Renata Mancopes
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Copd Patients

Introduction The oral cavity and pharynx have a rich sensory system composed of specialized receptors. The integrity of oropharyngeal sensation is thought to be fundamental for safe and efficient swallowing. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are at risk for oropharyngeal sensory impairment due to frequent use of inhaled medications and comorbidities including gastroesophageal reflux disease. Objective This study aimed to describe and compare oral and oropharyngeal sensory function measured using noninstrumental clinical methods in adults with COPD and healthy controls. Method Participants included 27 adults (18 men, nine women) with a diagnosis of COPD and a mean age of 66.56 years ( SD = 8.68). The control group comprised 11 healthy adults (five men, six women) with a mean age of 60.09 years ( SD = 11.57). Spirometry measures confirmed reduced functional expiratory volumes (% predicted) in the COPD patients compared to the control participants. All participants completed a case history interview and underwent clinical evaluation of oral and oropharyngeal sensation by a speech-language pathologist. The sensory evaluation explored the detection of tactile and temperature stimuli delivered by cotton swab to six locations in the oral cavity and two in the oropharynx as well as identification of the taste of stimuli administered in 5-ml boluses to the mouth. Analyses explored the frequencies of accurate responses regarding stimulus location, temperature and taste between groups, and between age groups (“≤ 65 years” and “> 65 years”) within the COPD cohort. Results We found significantly higher frequencies of reported use of inhaled medications ( p < .001) and xerostomia ( p = .003) in the COPD cohort. Oral cavity thermal sensation ( p = .009) was reduced in the COPD participants, and a significant age-related decline in gustatory sensation was found in the COPD group ( p = .018). Conclusion This study found that most of the measures of oral and oropharyngeal sensation remained intact in the COPD group. Oral thermal sensation was impaired in individuals with COPD, and reduced gustatory sensation was observed in the older COPD participants. Possible links between these results and the use of inhaled medication by individuals with COPD are discussed.

ROLE OF PHARMACIST INTERVENTION ON COPD PATIENTS OF SELECTED AREAS IN CHITRADURGA: A KAP STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin K Mathews ◽  
Abubaker Siddiq ◽  
Bharathi D R
Keyword(s):  
Illness Perceptions ◽  
Pharmacist Intervention ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Knowledge Practice ◽  
And Control

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is preventable and treatable disease state characterized by air flow limitation that is not fully reversible. Severity of the symptoms is increased during exacerbations. Objectives: The purpose of the study is to assess and improve the knowledge regarding COPD among study subjects. Materials and Methods: A Cross-sectional interventional study was carried out among the peoples in selected areas of the Chitradurga city for a period of six months. Result: A total 207 subjects enrolled in the study in that 155 male and 52 females. In our study mean score of post test was more (5.87±1.68) when compare to pre-test (2.63±1.46) which show significant increase in their knowledge after educating them (p=0.000). A total of 207 subjects were enrolled into the study. SPSS Software was used to calculate the statistical estimation. Paired t-test was used to detect the association status of different variables. Conclusion: The relatively good level of COPD awareness needs to be maintained to facilitate future prevention and control of the disease. This study had identified that negative illness perceptions should be targeted, so that they will not avoid patients from seeking for COPD treatment and adhere to it. Key words: Cross sectional study, Knowledge, practice, COPD.

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