scholarly journals The Prevalence of Diabetes and Pre-Diabetes among the Dubai Population: Findings from Dubai Household Health Surveys, 2014 and 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-84
Author(s):  
Fatheya Alawadi ◽  
Mohamed Hassanein ◽  
Eldaw  Suliman ◽  
Hamid Y. Hussain ◽  
Heba Mamdouh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Survey Sample

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, imposing a considerable burden on health systems and societies as it affects both individuals and their families and has a large impact on the economic and social development of a country. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The purpose of this study was to study the prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes among the Dubai population and associations with diabetes risk factors. <b><i>Methodology:</i></b> A cross-sectional Diabetes Household Survey was carried out in the Emirates of Dubai during 2017 as a complementary stage of the Dubai Household Survey, 2014, which was a randomly selected, multistage, stratified, cluster survey. The sampling technique was selected to assess the rates of undiagnosed diabetes as well as the rates of pre-diabetes through screening with HbA1c. The size of the 2017 survey sample was estimated at 300 individuals for Emirati and 300 for non-Emirati. An additional 200 individuals were added to address non-response cases. These were added to those who were identified as diabetics in the 2014 Household Health Survey and then weighted to give a representative sample for the Dubai population. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The study revealed that the prevalence of diabetes in Dubai among UAE nationals was 19%, and it was 14.7% for expats. Consequently, the overall prevalence of diabetes in Dubai is 15.2%. Undiagnosed diabetes was 10% in UAE nationals and 10.9% in expats. Pre-diabetes in UAE national males was lower than in females, although this pattern was not observed among expats. Younger age, normal weight, and exercise were associated with lower rates of diabetes and pre-diabetes in UAE nationals and expats. Hypertension was associated with higher rates of diabetes regardless of nationality. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The study concluded that the prevalence of diabetes among the Dubai population is alarmingly high and that a large proportion of the population are not aware of their diagnosis. A higher prevalence of diabetes is associated with multiple factors, such as age, male gender, hypertension, higher BMI, lack of exercise, and lower level or no education, as well as a family history of diabetes mellitus. Many of these factors can be easily modified, which could lead to a decrease in the burden of the disease.

scholarly journals THE DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF WOMEN WITH GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Inaniya ◽  
B S Meena ◽  
Mohan Lal Meena ◽  
Aparna Sharma ◽  
Shalini Rathore
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: The present study aimed to study the demographic profile women with gestational diabetes mellitus Methods: This hospital based cross-sectional study Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur. Results: Mean age of patients was 27.68 ± 4.4 Yrs. Most of the study subjects in GDM group (54.7%) were Hindu. Study subjects in GDM group were almost equally from rural (50.7%).Most of the study subjects in both GDM group (88%) were housewives. Habit of smoking was found in only 6.7% females in GDM group. Habit of alcohol was found in 4% females in GDM group. Family history of diabetes was seen more in females with GDM (17.3%). Conclusion: This study concluded that the socio demographic factors influence the occurrence of GDM. Keywords: GDM, Age, Gravida

scholarly journals The prevalence of insulin resistance in patients with β -thalassemia major at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Caroline Mulawi ◽  
Bambang Tridjaja ◽  
Maria Abdulsalam ◽  
Zakiudin Munasir
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Family History ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Background Diabetes mellitus is a common complication in pa-tients with thalassemia major. Iron overload plays an important roleby damaging the pancreatic β-cell and the liver cell, with the con-sequences of insulin deficiency and insulin resistance. Family his-tory of diabetes mellitus is one of the critical factors for the devel-opment of glucose metabolism derangement. However, the patho-genesis of glucose metabolism derangement remains unclear.Objective To evaluate the prevalence of impaired glucose toler-ance, diabetes mellitus, and insulin resistance in patients with β-thalassemia major treated in the Thalassemia Outpatient Clinic,Department of Child Health, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital,Jakarta.Methods This was a descriptive cross sectional study conductedin May 2002. Forty-eight subjects aged 10 to 18 years, grouped bytotal volume of transfusions and family history of diabetes mellitus,underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), serum transfer-rin saturation, and insulin level examinations. Insulin resistancewas calculated from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concen-trations using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA).Results One of 48 patients (2%) had impaired glucose toleranceat the age of 17 years. Diabetes mellitus occurred in three of 48patients (6%) at the age of 15.5 years in one patient and 18 yearsin two patients. Family history of diabetes mellitus was found in 2patients with diabetes mellitus and in the only one with impairedglucose tolerance. Insulin resistance was not detected in this study.Conclusion The prevalence of glucose metabolism derangementin patients with thalassemia major was low. No insulin resistancewas found in this study

scholarly journals Sweet Taste Threshold among Medical Students with Family History of Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasya Aisah Latif ◽  
Yulia Sofiatin ◽  
Maya Kusumawati ◽  
Rully Marsis Amirullah Roesli
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Family History ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Taste Threshold ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Background: Diabetic patients have low sensitivity towards sweet taste, thus consuming more sugar. A young adult with family history of diabetes mellitus (FHD) who lives with diabetic parents may have an increased risk of overconsumption of sugar due to a similar dietary pattern, leading to diabetes. This study aimed to explore the difference in the sweet taste threshold (STT) between students with and without a family history of diabetes mellitus. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in October –November 2018 on Class 2018 medical students living in a student dormitory who were divided into those with family history of diabetes (FHD) and those without it (non-FHD). Family history of diabetes and other known diseases were self-reported. The three-Ascending Forced Choice method was used to determine the sweet recognition threshold. Mann-Whitney analysis was used to compare the sweet taste thresholds between the two groups. Result: A total of 183 subjects participated in this study. The non-FHD group had a higher rank of sweet taste threshold than subjects in the FHD group (94.21 vs 81.16), albeit insignificant (p=0.192). Interestingly, the modes of best estimation threshold (BET) for non-FHD group was than the FHD group (0.067 M vs 0.043 M). Conclusion: The BET for students without family history of diabetes is higher than those with family history of diabetes. It is imperative that low sugar consumption campaign should also aim young people without FHD.

scholarly journals Gambaran Kondisi Ibu Hamil dengan Diabetes Mellitus di RSD dr. Soebandi Jember Tahun 2013-2017 (Description of Pregnant Women Condition with Diabetes Mellitus in RSD dr. Soebandi Jember on 2013-2017)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Meggeria Dyah Matrika Tito Putri ◽  
Pudjo Wahjudi ◽  
Irma Prasetyowati
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Body ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Low Education ◽  
History Of

Abstract Diabetes Mellitus or diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease disorder caused by pancreas does not produce enough insulin or the body can’t effectively use produced insulin. In pregnant women with a family history of diabetes mellitus, the prevalence of pregnancy with diabetes mellitus is 5.1%. This research aim to determine description of pregnant women condition with diabetes mellitus in RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. This research used descriptive method with case series design. The sample size of 19 pregnant women with diabetes mellitus was selected by total sampling technique. The results showed that the high maternal age (52.6%), low education (89.5%), unemployment or housewife (89.2%), had a genetic 78.9%), BMI overweight (57.9%), glucosuria (89.5%), history of pre-eclampsia (57.9%), low parity (79%), never miscarried (84.2%). Based on the result of the research, it was concluded that maternal education, maternal job, genetic, overweight BMI, glucosuria, and history of pre-eclampsia had an effect towards the occurrence of pregnant women with diabetes mellitus, also maternal age, parity and history of miscarriage had no effect on the occurrence of pregnant women with diabetes mellitus. To raise awareness of the risks of pregnancy with diabetes mellitus can be done with screening for diabetes mellitus.  Keywords: diabetes mellitus, pregnant women, RSD dr. Soebandi.  

scholarly journals Frequency of Undiagnosed Diabetes Mellitus among Patients with Stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Yaser Moaddabi ◽  
◽  
Alia Saberi ◽  
Hamidreza Hatamian ◽  
Babak Bakhshayesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The North ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Stroke is one of the common causes of disability and death in the world. Furthermore, diabetes mellitus is among the main risk factors for cerebrovascular events. However, a high percentage of individuals with diabetes mellitus are unaware of their disease. Objectives: To determine the frequency of Undiagnosed Diabetes mellitus (UD) in patients with stroke. Materials & Methods: In a descriptive cross-sectional study, all patients with stroke hospitalized in neurology ward of an academic hospital in the north of Iran were included in the study in 2016. A questionnaire was used to collect data including all demographic, laboratory and clinical factors such as high blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia and stroke type. Finally, the data were analyzed using Chi square, Fisher’s exact test and multinomial binary logistic regression in SPSS V. 21. Results: Most samples were male (53.8%) with a mean age of 69.2±10.1 years. The percentage of the UD was 21.7% based on level of HbA1c. The highest percentage of UD was observed in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage(SAH) (66.7%). The frequency of UD in patients with family history of diabetes mellitus (16.7%) was lower than that in patients without that history (27.7%). There was a significant relationship between UD and cholesterol and triglyceride levels and, in general, dyslipidemia (P<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, a large percentage of patients with stroke suffered UD. Therefore, it is recommended that extensive screening be conducted for diabetes mellitus in the community in order to prevent stroke.

scholarly journals Undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and associated factors among adults in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Getachew Yideg Yitbarek ◽  
Gashaw Walle Ayehu ◽  
Sintayehu Asnakew ◽  
Ermias Sisay Chanie ◽  
Wubet Alebachew Bayih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Family History ◽  
Impaired Fasting Glucose ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes Mellitus

AbstractDiabetes has become a major public health problem, with 4.6 million deaths annually. The number of people living with undiagnosed diabetes is on the rise and has a diverse prevalence. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis was aimed to synthesize the pooled estimate prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose and its associated factors in Ethiopia. The databases Medline, Hinari, Google Scholar, and Google search were used to find potential studies published from January 2013 until January 2021. Extracted data were entered into the excel spreadsheet. The random effects model with Der Simonian-Laird weights was used to assess the pooled estimate of prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, and its associated factors. The Cochrane Q-test and I2 statistics were used to screen for statistical heterogeneity. A funnel plot and Egger's statistical test were also used to search for any publication bias (small study effect). After extensive searching of articles on different databases, a total of nine studies were included for this systematic review and meta-analysis. In random effects model, the pooled prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose was 5.75%, 95% CI (3.90–7.59%), and 8.94%, 95% CI (2.60–15.28%), respectively. Regarding the associated factors, participants family history of diabetes was significantly associated with diabetes status. The pooled odds of developing diabetes mellitus among participants with a family history of diabetes mellitus were about 3.56 times higher than those without a family history of diabetes mellitus (OR = 3.56, 95% CI (2.23, 5.68)). In this review, the higher prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose was observed among adults in Ethiopia. Family history of diabetes was found to have an association with increased risk of diabetes mellitus. Our finding highlights the need of screening at the community level, with special focus on adults with family history of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of diabetes mellitus in rural Rwanda: time to contextualize the interventions? A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte M. Bavuma ◽  
Sanctus Musafiri ◽  
Pierre-Claver Rutayisire ◽  
Loise M. Ng’ang’a ◽  
Ruth McQuillan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Running Water ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Existing prevention and treatment strategies target the classic types of diabetes yet this approach might not always be appropriate in some settings where atypical phenotypes exist. This study aims to assess the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of people with diabetes in rural Rwanda compared to those of urban dwellers. Methods A cross-sectional, clinic-based study was conducted in which individuals with diabetes mellitus were consecutively recruited from April 2015 to April 2016. Demographic and clinical data were collected from patient interviews, medical files and physical examinations. Chi-square tests and T-tests were used to compare proportions and means between rural and urban residents. Results A total of 472 participants were recruited (mean age 40.2 ± 19.1 years), including 295 women and 315 rural residents. Compared to urban residents, rural residents had lower levels of education, were more likely to be employed in low-income work and to have limited access to running water and electricity. Diabetes was diagnosed at a younger age in rural residents (mean ± SD 32 ± 18 vs 41 ± 17 years; p < 0.001). Physical inactivity, family history of diabetes and obesity were significantly less prevalent in rural than in urban individuals (44% vs 66, 14.9% vs 28.7 and 27.6% vs 54.1%, respectively; p < 0.001). The frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption was lower in rural than in urban participants. High waist circumference was more prevalent in urban than in rural women and men (75.3% vs 45.5 and 30% vs 6%, respectively; p < 0.001). History of childhood under-nutrition was more frequent in rural than in urban individuals (22.5% vs 6.4%; p < 0.001). Conclusions Characteristics of people with diabetes in rural Rwanda appear to differ from those of individuals with diabetes in urban settings, suggesting that sub-types of diabetes exist in Rwanda. Generic guidelines for diabetes prevention and management may not be appropriate in different populations.

scholarly journals Cost of hospitalisation and length of stay due to hypoglycaemia in patients with diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 1847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdallah Y. Naser ◽  
Hassan Alwafi ◽  
Zahra Alsairafi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalisation Cost ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Patients

Objective: This study aims to estimate the length of stay and hospitalisation cost of hypoglycaemia, and to identify determinants of variation in the length of stay and hospitalisation cost among individual patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus.  Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using inpatients records for patients with diabetes mellitus who had been hospitalised due to hypoglycaemic events in two private hospitals in Amman, Jordan between January 2009 and May 2017. All hospitalisation costs were inflated to the equivalent costs in 2017. Hospitalisation cost was estimated from the patient’s perspective in Jordanian dinars (JOD). Descriptive analyses and correlation between sociodemographic or clinical characteristics with the cost and length of stay were explored. Predictors of hypoglycaemic hospitalisation cost and length of stay were determined using logistic regression. Results: During the study period a total of 126 patients with diabetes mellitus were hospitalised due to an incident of hypoglycaemia. The mean patient age was 64.2 (SD=19.6) years; half were male. Patients admitted for hypoglycaemia stayed in hospital for a median duration of two days (IQR=2 days). The median cost of hospitalisation for hypoglycaemia was 163.2 JOD (USD 230.1) (IQR=216.3 JOD). We found that the Glasgow coma score was positively associated with length of stay (0.345, p=0.008), and older age was correlated with higher hospitalisation cost (0.207, p=0.02). Patients with a family history of diabetes had higher hospitalisation costs and longer duration of stay (0.306 and 0.275, p<0.05). In addition, being a male patient (0.394, p<0.05) and with an absence of smoking history was associated with longer duration of stay (0.456, p<0.01), but not with higher hospitalisation cost. Conclusions: Costs associated with the incidence of hypoglycaemic events are not low and constitute a large cost component of managing and treating diabetes mellitus. Male patients and patients having a family history of diabetes should receive extra care and education on the prevention of hypoglycaemic events, and a treatment de-intensification approach should be considered if necessary, so we can prevent its associated hospitalisation costs and length of stay.

scholarly journals Diabetes mellitus among patients attending TB clinics in Dar es Salaam: a descriptive cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia J. Munseri ◽  
Henrika Kimambo ◽  
Kisali Pallangyo
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background A bi-directional interaction between diabetes mellitus and tuberculosis is well established and has been likened to that between HIV and TB. Whereas HIV screening is standard of care test in sub Saharan Africa TB programs, the same is not true for diabetes mellitus (DM). Sub Saharan Africa, a region with high TB infection rates, is going through an epidemiological transition with rapidly rising prevalence of diabetes. We aimed at characterizing TB patients with DM in order to identify factors associated with TB-DM dual disease among patients attending TB clinics in Dar es Salaam. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2016 and January 2017 among patients attending TB clinics in Dar es Salaam. We collected socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements and screened for diabetes by measuring fasting blood glucose that was followed by a 2 h postprandial glucose for participants with impaired fasting blood glucose. We examined for socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with diabetes using logistic regression analysis. Results Of the 660 enrolled participants with TB, 25 (3.8%) were on treatment for diabetes while 39 (6.1%) and 147 (23%) of the remaining 635 participants were ultimately diagnosed with DM and impaired fasting blood glucose respectively. The overall prevalence of DM was 9.7% (64/660). Independent risk factors for diabetes included: age > 44 years {OR 4.52, 95% CI: [1.28–15.89]}; family history of diabetes {OR 3.42, 95% [CI 1.88–6.21]}. HIV sero-positive TB patients were less likely to have DM compared to those who were HIV sero-negative {OR 0.35, 95% CI [0.17–0.73]}. Conclusions Screening for diabetes should be advocated for TB patients aged above 44 years and/or with a family history of diabetes. HIV sero-negative TB patients were more likely to have DM compared to those who were HIV sero-positive. Further studies are needed to confirm this observation and the underlying factors.

scholarly journals Prevalence of T2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Among the Rural People of Selected villages Of Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Md Yunus Ali ◽  
Maksuda Begum ◽  
Sultan Sobnam Dipu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Family History ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Objectives: This cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes ((PD) (Impaired fasting glucose-IFG, impaired glucose tolerance-IGT)) and to see the associations with risk factors. Methods: Two villages were randomly selected from rural area of Mymensingh district. 125 study subjects (≥30 years) were selected with systematic procedure but 118 samples were participated in the study. Below 30 years, diagnosed case of diabetes and urban people were excluded from study. Socio-demographic data were collected on a pre-tested interview schedule through face to face interview. DM, PD were interpreted by estimating fasting blood glucose level and 2 hour after 75 gm glucose load. Obesity was assigned by BMI. SPSS program (version 11.5) used for data analysis. Results: Mean age of participants was 46.68 with SD ± 12.698. Female participation (66.9%) was double compare to male, literacy rate was (64.4%) with female illiteracy of 29.67%. House wives (61.9%) were more than other professions. Middle class people were nearly 73%, Poor 14.4%, sedentary life style 11% and depressives 14.4% evident in study. A 20.3% people did laborious works. 17.8% had the family history of diabetes. Smokers (53.4%) were more than the non-smokers. Majority (89.0%) of rural people eat rice thrice a day. Normal BMI 61.0%, underweight 31.4% and 7.6% overweight observed.  Overall prevalence of T2 DM was 11.0% showing increase trend of diabetes compared to 8.6% estimated in 2000 and higher than several studies of home and abroad. Female showed higher prevalence (7.6%) compare to male (P>0.05). The overall prevalence of PD was 16.1% evident in this study. The prevalence of IFG and IGT were 8.5% and 7.6% respectively. Female showed higher prevalence of IFG (5.1%) and IGT (5.9%) than male (P>0.05). House wives showed higher prevalence (5.6%) of DM compare to other professions (P>0.05). Illiterates showed more PD (10.3%) and less DM (1.7%) but literates showed more (9.3%) DM (P >0.05). DM (6.7%) and PD (11.8%) more were among the middle class (P=0.018). A high prevalence of PD (13.6%) and DM (9.3%) noticed among non-sedentary lifestyle (P >0.05). Smoker showed higher DM (8.5%) and PD (11.8%). (P-0.071). Prevalence of PD and DM were high among the people with physically less active (P =0.795). Depressives showed more prevalence of DM (8.5%) and PD (13.5%), (P=0.345). increased frequency of rice eating (P=0.004), people with normal BMI (P=0.081) and family history of DM (P=0.000) showed positive association with diabetes mellitus. CBMJ 2015 January: Vol. 04 No. 01 P: 22-29

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