scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OF ESCHERIСHIA COLI STRAINS ISOLATED FROM PATIENTS WITH PURULENT PERITONITIS

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
O. V. Kotsar ◽  
O. V. Kochnieva
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Purulent Peritonitis ◽  
And Control

Escherichia coli remains one of the most frequent causes of several common bacterial infections in humans. Surgery on the abdominal cavity is usually complicated by peritonitis caused by E. coli strains. Recently, there are data confirming the high degree of resistance of this strain. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant E. coli strains is increasing worldwide principally due to the spread of mobile genetic elements, such as plasmids. The rise of multidrug-resistant strains of E. coli also occurs in Ukraine. Therefore, the spread of resistance E. coli is an increasing public health concern in our country. This paper summarizes the antibiotic resistance of clinical E. coli strains, isolated from patients with peritonitis. Furthermore, therapeutic interventions and strategies to prevent and control infections are presented and discussed. The article also provides an overview of the current knowledge concerning promising alternative therapies against E. coli diseases.

scholarly journals Transcriptome changes and polymyxin resistance of acid-adapted Escherichia coli O157:H7 ATCC 43889

Gut Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daekeun Hwang ◽  
Seung Min Kim ◽  
Hyun Jung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Acid Tolerance ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tolerance Response ◽  
Acid Tolerant

Abstract Background Acid treatment is commonly used for controlling or killing pathogenic microorganisms on medical devices and environments; however, inadequate acid treatment may cause acid tolerance response (ATR) and offer cross-protection against environmental stresses, including antimicrobials. This study aimed to characterise an Escherichia coli strain that can survive in the acidic gastrointestinal environment. Results We developed an acid-tolerant E. coli O157:H7 ATCC 43889 (ATCC 43889) strain that can survive at pH 2.75 via cell adaptation in low pH conditions. We also performed RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR to compare differentially expressed transcripts between acid-adapted and non-adapted cells. Genes related to stress resistance, including kdpA and bshA were upregulated in the acid-adapted ATCC 43889 strain. Furthermore, the polymyxin resistance gene arnA was upregulated in the acid-adapted cells, and resistance against polymyxin B and colistin (polymyxin E) was observed. As polymyxins are important antibiotics, effective against multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections, the emergence of polymyxin resistance in acid-adapted E. coli is a serious public health concern. Conclusion The transcriptomic and phenotypic changes analysed in this study during the adaptation of E. coli to acid environments can provide useful information for developing intervention technologies and mitigating the risk associated with the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance.

scholarly journals Three-Year Trend in Escherichia coli Antimicrobial Resistance among Children’s Urine Cultures in an Italian Metropolitan Area

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 597
Author(s):  
Luca Pierantoni ◽  
Laura Andreozzi ◽  
Simone Ambretti ◽  
Arianna Dondi ◽  
Carlotta Biagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
First Line ◽  
E Coli ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections in children, and Escherichia coli is the main pathogen responsible. Several guidelines, including the recently updated Italian guidelines, recommend amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (AMC) as a first-line antibiotic therapy in children with febrile UTIs. Given the current increasing rates of antibiotic resistance worldwide, this study aimed to investigate the three-year trend in the resistance rate of E. coli isolated from pediatric urine cultures (UCs) in a metropolitan area of northern Italy. We conducted a retrospective review of E. coli-positive, non-repetitive UCs collected in children aged from 1 month to 14 years, regardless of a diagnosis of UTI, catheter colonization, urine contamination, or asymptomatic bacteriuria. During the study period, the rate of resistance to AMC significantly increased from 17.6% to 40.2% (p < 0.001). Ciprofloxacin doubled its resistance rate from 9.1% to 16.3% (p = 0.007). The prevalence of multidrug-resistant E. coli rose from 3.9% to 9.2% (p = 0.015). The rate of resistance to other considered antibiotics remained stable, as did the prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamases and extensively resistant E. coli among isolates. These findings call into question the use of AMC as a first-line therapy for pediatric UTIs in our population, despite the indications of recent Italian guidelines.

scholarly journals Genomic Characterization of New Variant of Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S)-Producing Escherichia coli with Multidrug Resistance Properties Carrying the mcr-1 Gene in China

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silpak Biswas ◽  
Mohammed Elbediwi ◽  
Guimin Gu ◽  
Min Yue
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
New Variant ◽  
Genomic Characterization ◽  
Human Infections

Colistin is considered to be a ‘last-resort’ antimicrobial for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. Identification of Enterobacteriaceae, carrying the transferable colistin resistance gene mcr-1, has recently provoked a global health concern. This report presents the first detection of a hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-producing Escherichia coli variant isolated from a human in China, with multidrug resistance (MDR) properties, including colistin resistance by the mcr-1 gene, which could have great implications for the treatment of human infections.

scholarly journals A Novel Cecropin D-Derived Short Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide Exhibits Antibacterial Activity Against Wild-Type and Multidrug-Resistant Strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 117693432093626
Author(s):  
Iván Darío Ocampo-Ibáñez ◽  
Yamil Liscano ◽  
Sandra Patricia Rivera-Sánchez ◽  
José Oñate-Garzón ◽  
Ashley Dayan Lugo-Guevara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Resistant Strains

Infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae are a serious worldwide public health concern due to the ineffectiveness of empirical antibiotic therapy. Therefore, research and the development of new antibiotic alternatives are urgently needed to control these bacteria. The use of cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) is a promising candidate alternative therapeutic strategy to antibiotics because they exhibit antibacterial activity against both antibiotic susceptible and MDR strains. In this study, we aimed to investigate the in vitro antibacterial effect of a short synthetic CAMP derived from the ΔM2 analog of Cec D-like (CAMP-CecD) against clinical isolates of K pneumoniae (n = 30) and P aeruginosa (n = 30), as well as its hemolytic activity. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of CAMP-CecD against wild-type and MDR strains were determined by the broth microdilution test. In addition, an in silico molecular dynamic simulation was performed to predict the interaction between CAMP-CecD and membrane models of K pneumoniae and P aeruginosa. The results revealed a bactericidal effect of CAMP-CecD against both wild-type and resistant strains, but MDR P aeruginosa showed higher susceptibility to this peptide with MIC values between 32 and >256 μg/mL. CAMP-CecD showed higher stability in the P aeruginosa membrane model compared with the K pneumoniae model due to the greater number of noncovalent interactions with phospholipid 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleyl-sn-glycero-3-(phospho-rac-(1-glycerol)) (POPG). This may be related to the boosted effectiveness of the peptide against P aeruginosa clinical isolates. Given the antibacterial activity of CAMP-CecD against wild-type and MDR clinical isolates of P aeruginosa and K pneumoniae and its nonhemolytic effects on human erythrocytes, CAMP-CecD may be a promising alternative to conventional antibiotics.

scholarly journals High quantities of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli are present in the Machángara urban river in Quito, Ecuador

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Ortega-Paredes ◽  
Pedro Barba ◽  
Santiago Mena-López ◽  
Nathaly Espinel ◽  
Verónica Crespo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
River Pollution ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Urban River ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Folate Pathway ◽  
Class 1

Abstract Urban river pollution by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria constitutes an important public health concern. Epidemiologically important strains of MDR Escherichia coli transmissible at the human–animal–environment interfaces are especially worrying. Quantifying and characterizing MDR E. coli at a molecular level is thus imperative for understanding its epidemiology in natural environments and its role in the spread of resistance in precise geographical areas. Cefotaxime-resistant E. coli was characterized along the watercourse of the major urban river in Quito. Our results showed high quantities of cefotaxime-resistant E. coli (2.7 × 103–5.4 × 105 CFU/100 mL). The antimicrobial resistance index (ARI) revealed the exposure of the river to antibiotic contamination, and the multiple antibiotic resistance index indicated a high risk of contamination. The blaCTX-M-15 gene was the most prevalent in our samples. Isolates also had class 1 integrons carrying aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes and folate pathway inhibitors. The isolates belonged to phylogroups A, B1 and D. Clonal complex 10 was found to be the most prevalent (ST10, ST44 and ST 167), followed by ST162, ST394 and ST46. Our study provides a warning about the high potential of the major urban river in Quito for spreading the epidemiologically important MDR E. coli.

scholarly journals Cockroaches as a Source of High Bacterial Pathogens with Multidrug Resistant Strains in Gondar Town, Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feleke Moges ◽  
Setegn Eshetie ◽  
Mengistu Endris ◽  
Kahsay Huruy ◽  
Dagnachew Muluye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Gondar Town ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
And Control

Background. Cockroaches are source of bacterial infections and this study was aimed to assess bacterial isolates and their antimicrobial profiles from cockroaches in Gondar town, Ethiopia.Methods. A total of 60 cockroaches were collected from March 1 to May 30, 2014, in Gondar town. Bacterial species were isolated from external and internal parts of cockroaches. Disk diffusion method was used to determine antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Data were entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 20;Pvalues <0.005 were considered as statistically significant.Results. Of 181 identified bacteria species, 110 (60.8%) and 71 (39.2%) were identified from external and internal parts of cockroaches, respectively.Klebsiella pneumoniae32 (17.7%),Escherichia coli29 (16%), andCitrobacterspp. 27 (15%) were the predominant isolates. High resistance rate was observed to cotrimoxazole, 60 (33.1%), and least resistance rate was noted to ciprofloxacin, 2 (1.1%). Additionally, 116 (64.1%) of the isolates were MDR strains;Salmonellaspp. were the leading MDR isolates (100%) followed byEnterobacter(90.5%) andShigellaspp. (76.9%).Conclusion. Cockroaches are the potential source of bacteria pathogens with multidrug resistant strains and hence effective preventive and control measures are required to minimize cockroach related infections.

scholarly journals TUBERCULOSIS: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CONTROL

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e2014070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgia Sulis ◽  
Alberto Roggi ◽  
Alberto Matteelli ◽  
Mario C. Raviglione
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Tuberculosis Epidemiology ◽  
Slow Decline ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health concern worldwide: despite a regular, although slow, decline in incidence over the last decade, as many as 8.6 million new cases and 1.3 million deaths were estimated to have occurred in 2012. TB is by all means a poverty-related disease, mainly affecting the most vulnerable populations in the poorest countries. The presence of multidrug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis in most countries, with some where prevalence is high, is among the major challenges for TB control, which may hinder recent achievements especially in some settings. Early TB case detection especially in resource-constrained settings and in marginalized groups remains a challenge, and about 3 million people are estimated to remain undiagnosed or not notified and untreated. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently launched the new global TB strategy for the “post-2015 era” aimed at “ending the global TB epidemic” by 2035, based on the three pillars that emphasize patient-centred TB care and prevention, bold policies and supportive systems, and intensified research and innovation.This paper aims to provide an overview of the global TB epidemiology as well as of the main challenges that must be faced to eliminate the disease as a public health problem everywhere.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Colistin-Resistant, Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing Proteobacteria in Hospital Water Bodies and Out-Falls of West Bengal, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1007
Author(s):  
Taniya Bardhan ◽  
Madhurima Chakraborty ◽  
Bornali Bhattacharjee
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hospital Wastewater ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Predominant Species ◽  
Carbapenemase Gene

Indiscriminate use of antibiotics has resulted in a catastrophic increase in the levels of antibiotic resistance in India. Hospitals treat critical bacterial infections and thus can serve as reservoirs of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria. Hence, this study was conducted to gauge the prevalence patterns of MDR bacteria in hospital wastewater. Water samples collected from 11 hospitals and 4 environmental sources belonging to 5 most-densely populated districts of West Bengal, India were grown on MacConkey and Eosin Methylene Blue agar. A total of 84 (hospital-associated = 70, environmental water sources = 14) isolates were characterized. The predominant species found in water from hospital-associated areas (HAA) were Acinetobacter baumannii (22.9%), Escherichia coli (28.6 %), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (25.7%). Greater than 75% of the HAA isolates were found to be mcr-1 gene negative and colistinresistant. Meropenem non-susceptibility was also high among the HAA isolates at 58.6%, with the presence of the carbapenemase gene and blaNDM in 67.1% of the non-susceptible isolates. Among the three predominant species, significantly higher numbers of E. coli isolates were found to be non-susceptible to meropenem ((80%), p-value = 0.00432) and amikacin (AK (90%), p-value = 0.00037). This study provides evidence for the presence of high numbers of colistin-resistant and carbapenem-hydrolyzing Proteobacteriain hospital wastewater.

scholarly journals Impact of Healthcare-Associated Infections on Length of Stay: A Study in 68 Hospitals in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huixue Jia ◽  
Liuyi Li ◽  
Weiguang Li ◽  
Tieying Hou ◽  
Hongqiu Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Pathogens ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Different Levels

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) not only bring additional medical cost to the patients but also prolong the length of stay (LOS). 2119 HAI case-patients and 2119 matched control-patients were identified in 68 hospitals in 14 primary sampling provinces of 7 major regions of China. The HAI caused an increase in stay of 10.4 days. The LOS due to HAI increased from 9.7 to 10.9 days in different levels of hospitals. There was no statistically significant difference in the increased LOS between different hospital levels. The increased LOS due to HAI in different regions was 8.2 to 12.6 days. Comparing between regions, we found that the increased LOS due to HAI in South China is longer than other regions except the Northeast. The gastrointestinal infection (GI) caused the shortest extra LOS of 6.7 days while the BSI caused the longest extra LOS of 12.8 days. The increased LOS for GI was significantly shorter than that of other sites. Among 2119 case-patients, the non-multidrug-resistant pathogens were detected in 365 cases. The average increased LOS due to these bacterial infections was 12.2 days. E. coli infection caused significantly shorter LOS. The studied MDROs, namely, MRSA, VRE, ESBLs-E. coli, ESBLs-KP, CR-E. coli, CR-KP, CR-AB, and CR-PA were detected in 381 cases (18.0%). The average increased LOS due to these MDRO infections was 14 days. Comparing between different MDRO infections, we found that the increased LOS due to HAI caused by CR-PA (26.5 days) is longer than other MDRO infections (shorter than 19.8 days).

Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Commensal Escherichia coli Isolated from Broiler Chickens in Qatar

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahla O. Eltai ◽  
Elmoubasher A. Abdfarag ◽  
Hamad Al-Romaihi ◽  
Eman Wehedy ◽  
Mahmoud H. Mahmoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Stewardship Program

ABSTRACT Antibiotic resistance (AR) is a growing public health concern worldwide, and it is a top health challenge in the 21st century. AR among Enterobacteriaceae is rapidly increasing, especially in third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems. Further, strains carrying mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) genes 1 and 2 have been isolated from humans, food-producing animals, and the environment. The uncontrolled use of antibiotics in food-producing animals is a major factor in the generation and spread of AR. No studies have been done to evaluate AR in the veterinary sector of Qatar. This study aimed at establishing primary baseline data for the prevalence of AR among food-producing animals in Qatar. Fecal samples (172) were obtained from two broiler farms and one live bird market in Qatar, and 90 commensal Escherichia coli bacteria were isolated and subjected to susceptibility testing against 16 clinically relevant antibiotics by using the E-test method. The results found that 81 (90%) of 90 isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic, 14 (15.5%) of 90 isolates were colistin resistant, 2 (2.2%) of 90 isolates were extended-spectrum β-lactamase producers, and 2 (2.2%) of 90 isolates were multidrug resistant to four antibiotic classes. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing E. coli and colistin-resistant isolates were confirmed by using double-disc susceptibility testing and PCR, respectively. Such a high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant E. coli could be the result of a long application of antibiotic treatment, and it is an indicator of the antibiotic load in food-producing animals in Qatar. Pathogens carrying AR can be easily transmitted to humans through consumption of undercooked food or noncompliance with hygiene practices, mandating prompt development and implementation of a stewardship program to control and monitor the use of antibiotics in the community and agriculture.

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