Abstract P361: Racial/Ethnic and Age Differences in Dietary Sources of Protein, NHANES, 2011 - 2016

Background: Dietary protein serves a pivotal role in providing the body with essential amino acids, which are required for the maintenance of body proteins, and the assimilation of structural and functional components required for basic survival. Understanding dietary protein sources can help inform intervention efforts to increase protein intake that will accommodate the growing diversity of the United States. Objective: The purpose of this analysis was to identify the top 10 food category sources of dietary protein by age and race and ethnicity in a nationally representative sample. Methods: Cross-sectional data on adults (18+ years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2016 with one 24-hour dietary recall were analyzed (n=15,697). Population proportions were calculated for What We Eat In America food categories. Results: The analytic sample (n=15,697) was 15.0% Hispanic (95%CI [12.1, 17.9], 65.0% to non-Hispanic White (95%CI [60.8, 69.3]), 11.5% to non-Hispanic Black (95%CI [9.1, 13.9]), 5.4% to non-Hispanic Asian (95%CI [4.3, 6.6]) and 3.1% other (95%CI [2.5, 3.6]). In all racial and ethnic groups, chicken (whole pieces) was the top-ranked source of dietary protein. In addition to chicken (whole pieces), beef (excludes ground), eggs and omelets, and meat mixed dishes food categories ranked in the top ten sources of protein for every race/ethnicity. Conversely, each race/ethnicity group had at least one food category that uniquely ranked as a top ten source (other Mexican mixed dishes, cheese, burger (single code), rice, stir-fry and soy-based dishes, and nuts and seeds). Older adults consumed the least absolute protein (71 gram per day, 95% CI: [69,73]) and energy (1819 calories, 95%CI[1779, 1860] compared to other age groups (p-value for all <0.0001). Conclusion: The top ten sources of protein accounted for over 40% of dietary protein irrespective of race/ethnicity or age category, having major implications for the sustainability of our nation’s food supply. Public health strategies that encourage incorporating higher amounts of protein in food preparation have the potential to shift the overall population protein intake distribution. Funding Source: R01HL141427

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Hubungan Intensitas Kebisingan Dan Lama Kerja Dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Tenaga Kerja Bagian Produksi PT. Japfa Comfeed Indonesia Tbk.

JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN: Jurnal dan Aplikasi Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan ◽

10.31964/jkl.v15i1.80 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 591

Author(s):

Andry Setiawan ◽

Yohanes Joko Supriyadi ◽

Maharso Maharso

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Noise Pollution ◽

The United States ◽

The Body ◽

P Value ◽

Emotional Instability ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Checks ◽

Moderate Relationship

The Relations Of The Intensity Of Noise And Work Term With The Hypertension Case Of The Production Parts Employees In PT. Japfa Comfeed Indonesia Tbk.. Some research results prove that one of the risk factor of stroke is high blood pressure (hypertension). Noise pollution may be associated with the occurrence of hypertention, this is supported by an epidemiological study in the United States. The results of that study mentioned that people exposed to noise tend to have unstable emotions. Emotional instability will lead to a stress. If the stress happened long enough, it will cause the narrowing of blood vessels, so it will make the heart to work harder to pump blood throughout the body. In a long term, blood pressure will rise, and this is called Hypertension. The purpose of this study is to determine the relations between the intensity of noise pollution and work term with the case of hypertension in the production parts employee of PT. Japfa Comfeed Indonesia Tbk. Tanah Laut regency in 2017. The research method used is an analytical survey with cross sectional approach. The population in this study is amounted to 57 people and the sample amounted to 57 people. The results of this study indicates that there is a moderate relationship between the intensity of noise pollution with the incidence of hypertension (p-value = 0,002 < α = 0,05 r = 0,407), and there is a low relationship between work term with the incidence of hypertension (p-value = 0,014 < α = 0,05 r = 0,323). Suggestions given to the company is to provide guidance on the use of PPE, perform routine health checks on employees and rotate the position of work on the employee of production.

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Study on morphological changes in the gall bladder mucosa associated with cholelithiasis.

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2020.27.08.4343 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (08) ◽

pp. 1753-1762

Author(s):

Shamshad Bano ◽

Lal Bakhsh ◽

Gulshad Wagan ◽

Asad Ali Zardari ◽

Mohammad Anwar Bangulzai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gall Bladder ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Age Groups ◽

Morphological Type ◽

The Body ◽

P Value ◽

Bladder Mucosa ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gallbladder Mucosa

Cholelithiasis is known to produce diverse histopathological changes in the gallbladder mucosa. Objectives: To observe the morphological changes in the gall bladder mucosa associated with cholelithiasis. Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Anatomy, Jamshoro with collaboration of Department of Pathology, LUMHS, Jamshoro. Period: April 2016 to October 2016. Material and Methods: All the cases after diagnosis of cholelithiasis with all age groups (20 to 50 years) in male and female were included. Gallstones were assessed for various parameters, i.e., number, size, and morphological type. Gallbladder mucosa was subjected to histopathological examination. Sections of the body, the fundus and the bottom of the gallbladder were drawn. 01 cm of the body, the body, and the bottom of the gallbladder were drawn from the funduse and prepared for histological research. Data was statistically analyzed by SPSS (Statistical Package of Social Sciences) version 22.0. Results: Total 87 cases were selected and average age of 49.95±6.14 years of male was seen in a gall bladder width and length in the gallbladder and gallbladder length in both sex of P-value 0.07 while male of female average were 41.30añ6.62, age range from 30 to 52 years. Sixty-seven (77.0%) cases had multiple stones. 29 (33.3 percent) patients had congested the serological layer, while 58 (66.7 percent) were usually impacted. Mucosa hemorrhagic in 22(25.3%) cases, atrophic in 51(58.6%) cases and nodular in 4(4.6%) cases. 36(41.4%) gall bladders reported normal results, 41(47.1%), 1(1.1%), and 3(3.4%) were identified with Fibrosis, and 2(2.3%) are found with Fibrosis. Many cases were linked to fibrosis, dysplasia, and hyperplasia, compared to single calculus (P value 0.048). There was no substantial difference between normal and thickened gall bladders in the microscopic tests (P value 0.26). Fibrosis, dysprasia and hyperplasia are correlated mainly with internal mucus detections (P value 0.002). Hemorrhagic mucous membranes are found mainly. Conclusion: Hemorrhagic and fibrotic changes were the most common mucosal findings, and significantly associated with multiple cholelithiasis.

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Evaluation of Cephalic Index in children from the Madheshi community in Sarlahi district, Nepal

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v12i10.37924 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 157-160

Author(s):

Surendra Kumar Sah ◽

Man Kumar Tamang ◽

Om Prakash Yadav ◽

Amit Kumar Shah

Keyword(s):

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Age Groups ◽

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

The Body ◽

P Value ◽

Cephalic Index ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chisquare Test ◽

Low Bmi ◽

The Mean

Background: Cephalic index is one of the important craniofacial parameters which is commonly used for investigating the length and breadth of the head. Cephalic Index (CI) is defined as the ratio between maximum breadth of the head and the maximum length of the head multiplied by 100. Body mass index (BMI) is a nutritional marker of the body derived from the measurement of height (in m2) and weight (in kg). Aims and Objective: To analyse the effect of BMI on the CI. Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted from April 2021 to June 2021 with sample size of 200 children of age groups 5-8 years from Ramnagar Gaupalika of Sarlahi, Province 2, of Nepal. We measured the cephalic index of the children and asked a set of structured questionnaire to the guardian or parent of the children. Height and weight of the children were also measured and BMI was determined. Data analysis was completed using SPSS version 16. Results: The mean age of the participants was 6.56 years, BMI of 18.09 and cephalic index (CI) of 81.82. The mean CI in males and females were 82.05 and 81.59 respectively. Our results show significant association between BMI category and CI category (chisquare test, p-value=0.000), mode of delivery and BMI category (chisquare test, p=0.042) and significant negative correlation between BMI and CI (Pearson’s R=-0.591, p=0.037). Conclusion: The most common pattern of CI was hyperbrachycephalic in the children of low BMI whereas the pattern of CI in case of the normal BMI was the mesocephalic type. It also confirmed that the sexual dimorphism exists in both the low BMI and the normal BMI.

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Perbedaan Penggunaan Antikoagulan K2EDTA DAN K3EDTA Terhadap Hasil Pemeriksaan Indeks Eritrosit

Jurnal Laboratorium Khatulistiwa ◽

10.30602/jlk.v1i2.147 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 114

Author(s):

Wahdaniah Wahdaniah ◽

Sri Tumpuk

Keyword(s):

Screening Test ◽

Venous Blood ◽

The Body ◽

Ethylene Diamine ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate ◽

The Difference ◽

Index Value

Abstract: Routine blood examination is the earliest blood test or screening test to determine the diagnosis of an abnormality. Blood easily froze if it is outside the body and can be prevented by the addition of anticoagulants, one of which Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Currently available vacuum tubes containing EDTA anticoagulants in the form of K2EDTA and K3EDTA. K3EDTA is usually a salt that has better stability than other EDTA salts because it shows a pH approaching a blood pH of about 6.4. The purpose of this research is to know the difference of erythrocyte index results include MCH, MCV and MCHC using K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA. This research is a cross sectional design. This study used venous blood samples mixed with K2EDTA anticoagulant and venous blood mixed with K3EDTA anticoagulants, each of 30 samples. Data were collected and analyzed using paired different test. Based on data analysis that has been done on MCH examination, p value <0,05 then there is a significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value. Then on the examination of MCV and MCHC obtained p value <0.05 then there is no significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value.Abstrak: Pemeriksaan darah rutin merupakan pemeriksaan darah yang paling awal atau screening test untuk mengetahui diagnosis suatu kelainan. Darah mudah membeku jika berada diluar tubuh dan bisa dicegah dengan penambahan antikoagulan, salah satunya Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Dewasa ini telah tersedia tabung vakum yang sudah berisi antikoagulan EDTA dalam bentuk K2EDTA dan K3EDTA. K3EDTA biasanya berupa garam yang mempunyai stabilitas yang lebih baik dari garam EDTA yang lain karena menunjukkan pH yang mendekati pH darah yaitu sekitar 6,4. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil indeks eritrosit meliputi MCH, MCV dan MCHC menggunakan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K2EDTA dan darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA, masing-masing sebanyak 30 sampel. Data dikumpulkan dan dianalisis menggunakan uji beda berpasangan. Berdasarkan analisis data yang telah dilakukan pada pemeriksaan MCH didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit. Kemudian pada pemeriksaan MCV dan MCHC didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit.

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The Prevalence of Insecticide Treated Net/malaria :cross section study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.16825 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Chanda Chalela

Keyword(s):

Study Design ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Malaria Prevalence ◽

Malaria Patient ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Itn Use ◽

Structured Questionnaire

BACKGROUND ABSTRACT Introduction a study on prevalence of ITN use was carried out in Buchi community Kitwe Zambia from August to October 2019 OBJECTIVE Prevalence of ITN in BUchi METHODS Methodology: This was a cross sectional study design. A structured questionnaire was used to ascertain ownership and utilization and oral interviews, 200 households were targeted 844 individual covered across the 200 households. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23. RESULTS ABSTRACT Introduction a study on prevalence of ITN use was carried out in Buchi community Kitwe Zambia from August to October 2019 Methodology: This was a cross sectional study design. A structured questionnaire was used to ascertain ownership and utilization and oral interviews, 200 households were targeted 844 individual covered across the 200 households. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23. Findings: household ownership of at least an ITN was 52% and individual utilization at 37.6%, with 0.825 ITN/households and 0.195ITN /individual. Malaria prevalence of 52.4% /household and a 12.4% of the population. With 47.6% malaria patient coming from households with ITN and 60% of households with ITN have insufficient coverage.61% of malaria patient were female and 31 % male. however there was no significant relation between Gender and malaria prevalence in study area (p value was >0.05). Malaria cases distribution with age groups, 0-15yrs old represented 49.5%, 16-30 yrs., was at 27.6% and the over 30 yrs. case were at 22.9% .use of other preventive measures 23% used mosquito repellent ,others methods 1% with those not using any other methods 76%. CONCLUSIONS Conclusion The study showed clearly that malaria still poses a problem .the prevalence rate of malaria was still high 12.4% of the population and 52.4% of households. With high prevalence of malaria of 49.5% for 0-15yrs.the difference between ownership 52% and Utilization 37.6% showed that even household with ITN, the ITN were not sufficient.60% of households with ITN, the ITN were not sufficient for all occupants

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Analyzing Predictors of Control Measures and Psychosocial Problems Associated with COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Eight Countries

Behavioral Sciences ◽

10.3390/bs11080106 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 106

Author(s):

Sheikh Saifur Rahman Jony ◽

Ubydul Haque ◽

Nathaniel J. Webb ◽

Emily Spence ◽

Md. Siddikur Rahman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychological Health ◽

Age Groups ◽

Psychosocial Problems ◽

Relevant Information ◽

The United States ◽

Control Measures ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Primary Determinant

COVID-19 has harshly impacted communities globally. This study provides relevant information for creating equitable policy interventions to combat the spread of COVID-19. This study aims to predict the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of the COVID-19 pandemic at a global level to determine control measures and psychosocial problems. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from July to October 2020 using an online questionnaire. Questionnaires were initially distributed to academicians worldwide. These participants distributed the survey among their social, professional, and personal groups. Responses were collected and analyzed from 67 countries, with a sample size of 3031. Finally, based on the number of respondents, eight countries, including Bangladesh, China, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Pakistan, the United States, and Zambia were rigorously analyzed. Specifically, questionnaire responses related to COVID-19 accessibility, behavior, knowledge, opinion, psychological health, and susceptibility were collected and analyzed. As per our analysis, age groups were found to be a primary determinant of behavior, knowledge, opinion, psychological health, and susceptibility scores. Gender was the second most influential determinant for all metrics except information about COVID-19 accessibility, for which education was the second most important determinant. Respondent profession was the third most important metric for all scores. Our findings suggest that greater encouragement from government health authorities and the promotion of health education and policies are essential in the dissemination of COVID-19-awareness and increased control of the spread of COVID-19.

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Loneliness and Its Association With Social Media Use During the COVID-19 Outbreak

Social Media + Society ◽

10.1177/20563051211033821 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 205630512110338

Author(s):

Tore Bonsaksen ◽

Mary Ruffolo ◽

Janni Leung ◽

Daicia Price ◽

Hilde Thygesen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Online Survey ◽

Media Use ◽

Age Groups ◽

The United States ◽

Social Media Use ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Social And Emotional ◽

Emotional Loneliness ◽

Social Loneliness

Social distancing rules during the COVID-19 pandemic changed social interaction for many and increased the risk of loneliness in the general population. Social media use has been ambiguously related to loneliness, and associations may differ by age. The study aimed to examine loneliness and its association with social media use within different age groups during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in Norway, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Australia during April/May 2020, and 3,810 participants aged 18 years or above were recruited. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between social media use and social and emotional loneliness within separate age groups. Emotional loneliness was higher among young adults and among those who used social media several times daily. Adjusting by sociodemographic variables, using more types of social media was associated with lower social loneliness among the oldest participants, and with higher emotional loneliness among the youngest participants. Among middle-aged participants, using social media more frequently was associated with lower social loneliness. We found that the associations between social media use and loneliness varied by age. Older people’s engagement on social media may be a resource to reduce loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic. We observed higher levels of loneliness among high-frequent social media users of younger age.

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The Accuracy of Broselow Tape Weight Estimate among Pediatric Population

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2016/7042947 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Turki M. AlHarbi ◽

Abdullaziz AlGarni ◽

Fasial AlGamdi ◽

Mona Jawish ◽

Tariq Ahmad Wani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Body Height ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Body ◽

Accurate Estimation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Actual Weight ◽

Medical City

Objective.To determine the accuracy of the Broselow Tape (BT) versions 2007 and 2011 in estimating weight among pediatric population.Methods.A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Fahad Medical City and six schools across Riyadh province on 1–143-month-old children. BT 2007 and 2011 estimated weights were recorded. Both tapes via the child’s height produce an estimated weight, which was compared with the actual weight.Results.A total of 3537 children were recruited. The height (cm) of the subjects was97.7±24.1and the actual weight (kg) was16.07±8.9, whereas the estimated weight determined by BT 2007 was15.87±7.56and by BT 2011 was16.38±7.95. Across all the five age groups, correlation between actual weight and BT 2007 ranged between 0.702 and 0.788, while correlation between actual weight and BT 2011 ranged between 0.698 and 0.788. Correlation between BT 2007 and BT 2011 across all the five age groups ranged from 0.979 to 0.989. Accuracy of both the tape versions was adversely affected when age was >95 months and body weight was >26 kilograms.Conclusions.Our study showed that BT 2007 and 2011 provided accurate estimation of the body weight based on measured body height. However, 2011 version provided more precise estimate for weight.

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Abstract 88: Increasing False Positive Diagnoses May Lead to Overestimation of Stroke Incidence, Particularly in the Young

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.51.suppl_1.88 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Abhinav J Appukutty ◽

Lesli E Skolarus ◽

Mellanie V Springer ◽

William J Meurer ◽

James F Burke

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

False Positive ◽

Age Groups ◽

Vascular Risk Factor ◽

The United States ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Stroke Incidence ◽

Ed Visits ◽

Over Time

Introduction: Stroke incidence is reportedly increasing in younger adults. While increasing vascular risk factor prevalence has been suggested as a cause, the reasons for rising stroke incidence in the young are not clear. We explored several alternate explanations: trends in neurologically-focused emergency department (ED) visits, differential diagnostic classification of stroke and TIA over time, and changes in the use of advanced imaging in young and older adults. Methods: We performed a retrospective, serial, cross-sectional study on a nationally representative sample of all ED visits in the United States to quantify changes in patterns of neurologically-focused ED visits, stroke and TIA diagnoses, and rates of MRI utilization for young (18 – 44 years) and older (65+ years) adults over a 17-year period (1995 – 2000; 2005 – 2015) using National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) data. Results: In young adults, 0.4% (95% CI 0.3% – 0.5%) of neurologically-focused ED visits resulted in a primary diagnosis of stroke vs. 6.8% (95% CI 6.2% – 7.5%) for older adults. In both populations, the incidence of neurologically-focused ED visits has increased over time (+111/100,000 population/year, 95% CI +94 – +130 in the young vs. +70/100,000 population/year, 95% CI +34 – +108 in older adults). There was no evidence of differential classification of TIA to stroke over time (OR 1.001 per year, 95% CI 0.926 – 1.083 in the young; OR 1.003 per year, 95% CI 0.982 – 1.026 in older adults) and no evidence of disproportionate rise in MRI utilization for neurologically-focused ED visits in the young (OR 1.057 per year, 95% CI 1.028 – 1.086 in the young; OR 1.095 per year, 95% CI 1.066 – 1.125 in older adults). Conclusions: If the specificity of stroke diagnosis amongst ED visits is similar amongst young and older populations, then the combination of data observed here, including (1) a lower prior probability of stroke diagnoses in the young and (2) an increasing trend in neurologically-focused ED visits in both age groups, suggests that false positive diagnoses will increase over time, with a faster rise in the young compared to older adults. These data suggest a potential explanation that may contribute to higher stroke incidence in the young and merits further scrutiny.

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FREQUENCY OF FUNCTIONAL DISABILITY AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS IN SUB-ACUTE STROKE PATIENTS

Pakistan Journal of Rehabilitation ◽

10.36283/pjr.zu.10.2/013 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 69-74

Author(s):

Aisha Sarfaraz ◽

Dr Abdul Azeem ◽

Mehwish Butt ◽

Muhammad Umar

Keyword(s):

Acute Stroke ◽

Functional Disability ◽

Cognitive Impairments ◽

Age Groups ◽

Female Gender ◽

Primary Objective ◽

P Value ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Stroke is a very common neurological condition affects various aspects of health. The primary objective of this study was to find out the frequency of functional disability and cognitive impairments in Sub-acute Stroke patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 112 Sub-acute Stroke patients in Karachi, Pakistan. Using Barthel Index (BI) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) test was used to find out the frequency of functional disability and cognitive impairments of Sub-acute Stroke patients. RESULTS The correlation of BI scores with MMSE scores for the Male gender was 0.576 whilst the correlation of BI scores with MMSE scores for the Female gender was 0.440. The severity of functional disability concerning age groups assessed P-value was 0.026 using Chi-Square Test. The severity of functional disability (BI severity) concerning gender, P-value was found 0.097 using the same test. CONCLUSION Functional Disability is directly linked with age. However, there was no linkage established between Cognitive Impairment and age as well as gender. On close inspection, there was a trend between Functional disability and gender but not statistically significant.

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