The Production and Transmission of Knowledge in Colonial Malaya

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Pannu
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Nationalist Movement ◽  
Cultural Reconstruction ◽  
Transmission Of Knowledge ◽  
The People ◽  
Thought Patterns ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
The Masses

AbstractThis article aims to highlight how knowledge played an integral role in the cultural reconstruction of the Malay world during the colonial period. The British produced knowledge about the Malays through scholarly writings in history books and the creation of the census report. This knowledge was, for the most part, constructed and did not necessarily correspond to the social reality of the Malays. The education system played a vital role in transmitting this knowledge to the masses, thus beginning a process of internalisation on their part. This led to a rapid disintegration of Malay cultural practices and way of life as they comprehended alien Western concepts, such as history, territory and community. The nationalist movement in present day Malaysia with its emphasis on race and boundaries attests to the degree to which the British has succeeded in transforming the identity of the Malays. The core of this paper is aimed at demonstrating the connection between British administrative procedures and its impact in reconstructing the thought patterns of the people. This permanent invasion upon the minds of the Malays can be said to the most lasting legacy of British colonial rule.

scholarly journals Nyama Choma Culture: Implications of Increased Red Meat and Alcohol Consumption in East Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Gorski ◽  
Wan-Chen Chung ◽  
Kelli Herr ◽  
Khanjan Mehta
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Regional Food ◽  
The People ◽  
Objective Description ◽  
Food Value

<p>Nyama Choma Culture (NCC) reflects a way of life in East Africa based on the increased consumption of red meat and alcohol which seemingly projects a higher social status. The rising emergence of these cultural practices has positive as well as negative implications on individuals, their families, and larger socio-economic systems. This article draws from a variety of sources to provide an objective description of the implications of NCC on the people adopting it as well as society at large. These concerns are categorized into four primary areas: public health, the food industry, climate change, and community microeconomics. As the dynamics and impacts of NCC are already being felt in developing countries, this cultural phenomenon calls for careful monitoring and consideration in the design of policies and practices to champion the economic, social, and environmental sustainability of community nutrition systems and regional food value chains.</p>

scholarly journals E-13 Role of Gogera District in the War of Independence-1857

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-153
Author(s):  
Abdul Rashid Tahir ◽  
Qaswar Abbas Khan
Keyword(s):  
Vital Role ◽  
East India Company ◽  
Large Area ◽  
British Raj ◽  
War Of Independence ◽  
The People ◽  
Freedom Fighters ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Masses

Different ethnic groups of India challenged the British Raj in the Great War of Independence-1857. A large number of local soldiers from different districts of Punjab province also left the British Army to stand up against the brutality of East India Company. Meanwhile, the people of the Gogera District played their vital role against the colonial forces. Among them, Ahmad Khan Kharal, Murad Fatiana, and their comrades set up a freedom fight at a vast level to challenge the hegemony of the imperialistic Army.  Their struggle had such momentum that it nullified the British control over a large area of Punjab, especially the Gogera District. Another development that invited the colonial wrath was that the people of the Gogera District refused to give revenue to the British government. This was an open rebellion that posed a serious challenge to the British Authority. The freedom fighters under the leadership of Ahmad Khan Kharal sacrificed their lives to protect their religious, cultural, and ethnic values.  In this article, the resistance and the revolutionary role of the masses of Gogera are evaluated.

scholarly journals Ethnic Consciousness in B.P. Koirala’s Sumnima

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Bhanubhakta Sharma Kandel
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Interdisciplinary Studies ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Vernacular Language ◽  
The People ◽  
Ethnic Consciousness ◽  
Norms And Values

B. P. Koirala’s Sumnima is more criticized as a Freudian Nepali fiction but it is more than that. The novel is a very beautiful and important gift of the novelist to the practitioners of cultural theory because the novelist has discussed the issues of minority, plurality of meaning in cultural practices, cultural differences and ethnic consciousness through the innocent characters, among others. It also documents the conflict and problems among the people living in the same area and helps us understand the value of respecting the other. The book has talked in favour of the weaker section of the society and has made the indigenous practices and way of life victorious through the use of environment, vernacular language, characters, life style, beliefs, norms and values, art, myth, etc. over the classic living style guided and prescribed by the shashtras. Sumnima is a great documentation of cultural reconciliation among the people of different ethnic origins following different beliefs, norms, values and cultural practices. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ctbijis.v2i1.10810   Crossing the Border: International Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies Vol.2(1) 2014: 23-30

Covid-19 – rumours and facts in media

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 171-174
Author(s):  
Tarare Toshida ◽  
Chaple Jagruti
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The People ◽  
The World

The covid-19 resulted in broad range of spread throughout the world in which India has also became a prey of it and in this situation the means of media is extensively inϑluencing the mentality of the people. Media always played a role of loop between society and sources of information. In this epidemic also media is playing a vital role in shaping the reaction in ϑirst place for both good and ill by providing important facts regarding symptoms of Corona virus, preventive measures against the virus and also how to deal with any suspect of disease to overcome covid-19. On the other hand, there are endless people who spread endless rumours overs social media and are adversely affecting life of people but we always count on media because they provide us with valuable answers to our questions, facts and everything in need. Media always remains on top of the line when it comes to stop the out spread of rumours which are surely dangerous kind of information for society. So on our side we should react fairly and maturely to handle the situation to keep it in the favour of humanity and help government not only to ϑight this pandemic but also the info emic.

Need of Human Rights as a Better Way of Life

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-83
Author(s):  
Tushar Kadian
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Labour Unions ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Made In

Actually, basic needs postulates securing of the elementary conditions of existence to every human being. Despite of the practical and theoretical importance of the subject the greatest irony is non- availability of any universal preliminary definition of the concept of basic needs. Moreover, this becomes the reason for unpredictability of various political programmes aiming at providing basic needs to the people. The shift is necessary for development of this or any other conception. No labour reforms could be made in history till labours were treated as objects. Its only after they were started being treating as subjects, labour unions were allowed to represent themselves in strategy formulations that labour reforms could become a reality. The present research paper highlights the basic needs of Human Rights in life.

Principles of a Successful Social Life, In The Light of Islamic Teachings

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-50
Author(s):  
Muhammad Suleman Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The People ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Sound Foundation ◽  
Human Intellect ◽  
Islamic Society

Society means a group of people who are living together. People need society from birth to death. Without a collective life, man's deeds, intentions, and habits have no value. Islamic society is the name of a balanced and moderate life in which human intellect, customs, and social etiquette are determined in the light of divine revelation. This system is so comprehensive and all-encompassing that it covers all aspects and activities of life. Islam is a comprehensive, universal, complete code of conduct, and an ideal way of life It not only recognizes the collectiveness of human interaction. Rather, it helps in the development of the community and gives it natural principles that strengthen the community and provides good foundations for it and eliminates the factors that spoil it or make it limited and useless. The Principles of a successful social life in Islamic society seem to reflect the Islamic code of conduct and human nature. Islam is the only religion that advocates goodness and guarantees well-being. Islam gives us self-sacrifice, generosity, trust and honesty, service to the people, justice and fairness, forgiveness and kindness, good society and economy, good deeds, mutual unity, harmony, and brotherhood. Only by practicing the pure thoughts, beliefs, and unparalleled ideas of the religion of Islam, can a person live a prosperous life and he can feel real peace and lasting contentment in the moments of his life. A descriptive and analytical research methodology will be used in this study. It is concluded that for a prosperous social life it is necessary to abide by the injunction of Islamic principles, which provides a sound foundation for a successful social life here in the world and hereafter.

Serge Moscovici's "Réflexions sur la popularité des conspiracy mentalities"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Klein
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
French Revolution ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The People ◽  
Social Representation Theory ◽  
The Masses

This is a pdf of the original typed manuscript of a lecture made in 2006. An annotated English translation will be published by the International Review of Social Psychology. I this text, Moscovici seeks to update his earlier work on the “conspiracy mentality” (1987) by considering the relationships between social representations and conspiracy mentality. Innovation in this field, Moscovici argues, will require a much thorough description and understanding of what conspiracy theories are, what rhetoric they use and what functions they fulfill. Specifically, Moscovici considers conspiracies as a form of counterfactual history implying a more desirable world (in which the conspiracy did not take place) and suggests that social representation theory should tackle this phenomenon. He explicitly links conspiracy theories to works of fiction and suggests that common principles might explain their popularity. Historically, he argues, conspiracism was born twice: First, in the middle ages, when their primary function was to exclude and destroy what was considered as heresy; and second, after the French revolution, to delegitimize the Enlightenment, which was attributed to a small coterie of reactionaries rather than to the will of the people. Moscovici then considers four aspects (“thematas”) of conspiracy mentality: 1/ the prohibition of knowledge; 2/ the duality between the majority (the masses, prohibited to know) and “enlightened” minorities; 3/ the search for a common origin, a “ur phenomenon” that connects historical events and provides a continuity to History (he notes that such a tendency is also present in social psychological theorizing); and 4/ the valorization of tradition as a bulwark against modernity. Some of Moscovici’s insights in this talk have since been borne out by contemporary research on the psychology of conspiracy theories, but many others still remain fascinating potential avenues for future research.

Corruption and Inequality

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Raimondi
Keyword(s):  
Free State ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The People ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
The City

The chapter sets out the key terms and overall approach taken by Machiavelli to the problem of the cause of the corruption of a city and its inability to transform its orders. Only a republic can carry out this operation successfully because only a republic has as its goal the regeneration of the free and civil way of life, while the principality, even the civil principality, inevitably degenerates into tyranny. The possibility of re-establishing a free state in a corrupt city, therefore, only exists if it is not already a very corrupt city. If the city were in such a situation, the people would not be able to restore freedom since the principality leads to the emergence of the kingly state and from there to tyranny. Only after having brought virtue back to the city could its citizens create a well-ordered republic by equipping it with the necessary orders.

Rain or Shine Shield: Language and Ropes of Sadok Making

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loyalda T. Bolivar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The People ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Materials Used

A sadok or salakot is a farmer’s cherished possession, protecting him from the sun or rain. The Sadok, persisting up to the present, has many uses. The study of Sadok making was pursued to highlight an important product, as a cultural tradition in the community as craft, art, and part of indigenous knowledge in central Antique in the Philippines. Despite that this valuable economic activity needs sustainability, it is given little importance if not neglected, and seems to be a dying economic activity. The qualitative study uses ethnophenomenological approaches to gather data using interviews and participant observation, which aims to describe the importance of Sadok making. It describes how the makers learned the language of Sadok making, especially terms related to materials and processes. The study revealed that the makers of Sadok learned the language from their ancestors. They have lived with them and interacted with them since they were young. Sadok making is a way of life and the people observe their parents work and assist in the work which allows them to learn Sadok making. They were exposed to this process through observations and hands-on activities or ‘on-the-job’ informal training. They were adept with the terms related to the materials and processes involved in the making of Sadok as they heard these terms from them. They learned the terms bamboo, rattan, tabun-ak (leaves used) and nito (those creeping vines) as materials used in Sadok making. The informants revealed that the processes involved in the making of Sadok are long and tedious, starting from the soaking, curing and drying of the bamboo, cleaning and cutting these bamboo into desired pieces, then with the intricacies in arranging the tabun-ak or the leaves, and the weaving part, until the leaves are arranged, up to the last phase of decorating the already made Sadok. In summary, socialization is one important factor in learning the language and a cultural practice such as Sadok making. It is an important aspect of indigenous knowledge that must be communicated to the young for it to become a sustainable economic activity, which could impact on the economy of the locality. Local government units should give attention to this indigenous livelihood. Studies that would help in the enhancement of the products can likewise be given emphasis.

Environmental Ethics and Sustainability in Indian Thought

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 55-87
Author(s):  
Rana P. B. Singh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Deep Ecology ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Indian Thought ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Universe

Religion (dharma) plays a vital role in the Hindu (Sanatana) quest for understanding and practicing harmony between nature and humanity that result into the formation of a cosmological awakening, i.e. 'transcending the universe.' The importance and applicability of such new consciousness is a sign in promoting global humanism in the 21st century, where environmental ethics and sustainability are the wheels of making the future more humane and peaceful. Arne Naess, who coined the term 'deep ecology' conceiving humankind as an integral part of its environment, gives credit to Gandhi. Gandhi’s contributions help to re-awaken the human spirit to self-realisation, finally leading to revelation promoting human coexistence with nature sustainably, mostly through re-interpretation of Vedantic thought. Under the SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) the ideas of Gandhi are recognised as a path that makes human coexistence stronger, feasible and co-sharedness, sustainable in peace and harmony with nature. This essay presents ecospiritual contextuality and its vitality concerning a sustainable perspective in line with Gandhi's vision and way of life.

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