The Current Status and New Research Progress of Keratoconus Treatment

AbstractOsteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant tumor of the skeletal system in the clinic. It mainly occurs in adolescent patients and the pathogenesis of the disease is very complicated. The distant metastasis may occur in the early stage, and the prognosis is poor. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs of about 18–25 nt in length that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of genes. miRNAs can regulate target gene expression by promoting the degradation of target mRNAs or inhibiting the translation process, thereby the proliferation of OS cells can be inhibited and the apoptosis can be promoted; in this way, miRNAs can affect the metabolism of OS cells and can also participate in the occurrence, invasion, metastasis, and recurrence of OS. Some miRNAs have already been found to be closely related to the prognosis of patients with OS. Unlike other reviews, this review summarizes the miRNA molecules closely related to the development, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of OS in recent years. The expression and influence of miRNA molecule on OS were discussed in detail, and the related research progress was summarized to provide a new research direction for early diagnosis and treatment of OS.

Download Full-text

Integration of Digital Economy and Circular Economy: Current Status and Future Directions

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13137217 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (13) ◽

pp. 7217

Author(s):

Zhen Liu ◽

Jing Liu ◽

Mohamed Osmani

Keyword(s):

Circular Economy ◽

Digital Technology ◽

Global Economy ◽

Digital Economy ◽

Research Field ◽

Research Progress ◽

Current Status ◽

Future Research ◽

Disruptive Effect ◽

The European Union

Circular economy (CE) is a concept actively advocated by the European Union (EU), China, Japan, and the United Kingdom. At present, CE is considered to grant the most traction for companies to achieve sustainable development. However, CE is still rarely adopted by enterprises. As the backbone of the fourth industrial revolution, the digital economy (DE) is considered to have a disruptive effect. Studies have shown that digital technology has great potential in promoting the development of CE. Especially during the COVID-19 epidemic that has severely negatively affected the global economy, environment, and society, CE and DE are receiving high attention from policy makers, practitioners, and scholars around the world. However, the integration of CE and digital technology is a small and rapidly developing research field that is still in its infancy. Although there is a large amount of research in the fields of CE and DE, respectively, there are few studies that look into integrating these two fields. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore the research progress and trends of the integration of CE and DE, and provide an overview for future research. This paper adopts a bibliometric research method, employs the Web of Science database as its literature source, and uses VOSviewer visual software to carry out keyword co-occurrence analysis, which focuses on publication trends, journal sources, keyword visualization, multidisciplinary areas, life cycle stages, and application fields.

Download Full-text

MicroRNAs in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes: new research progress and future direction

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/cjpp-2017-0452 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 96 (2) ◽

pp. 103-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Chenggui Miao ◽

Guoxue Zhang ◽

Zhongwen Xie ◽

Jun Chang

Keyword(s):

Cell Metabolism ◽

Age Groups ◽

Research Progress ◽

Transcriptional Level ◽

Physiological Processes ◽

Non Coding Rna ◽

Elevated Glucose ◽

Modulation Of Gene Expression ◽

Future Direction ◽

New Research

miRNA is a short non-coding RNA that can influence mRNA processing at the post-transcriptional level. A large number of miRNAs have been found in virtually all species so far, and these small molecules play an important role in many different physiological processes and various pathologic conditions, such as cell metabolism, cancer, autoimmune disease, and diabetes mellitus. T2D arises from a dysregulated response to the elevated glucose level in the circulation. The prevalence of T2D has increased dramatically in all age groups, and T2D in older adults is associated with more T2D complications and higher mortality. Despite the existing findings describing the pathological mechanism, T2D pathology is more complex and the pathophysiology of the disease is still not fully elucidated. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of miRNA-mediated modulation of gene expression in T2D pathogenesis, as well as related signaling pathways, and insight into the important role of miRNA in various T2D complications. Furthermore, the potential therapeutic value of miRNA for T2D patients is also discussed in detail.

Download Full-text

Current status and future directions of cardiac rehabilitation program: a review of the literature

Journal of Health Technology Assessment in Midwifery ◽

10.31101/jhtam.971 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 59-68

Author(s):

Sutantri Sutantri

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽

Good Health ◽

Rehabilitation Program ◽

Current Status ◽

Participation Rates ◽

Risk Factor Management ◽

Research Areas ◽

The Usa ◽

Cardiac Illness ◽

New Research

One of the effective treatments for patients recovering from acute cardiac illness or surgery is cardiac rehabilitation (CR). CR has proven to be effective to reduce mortality, morbidity, and also to improve the quality of life. The purpose of this review is to present the current status of CR program worldwide as well as to identify a potential approach for further investigation. Literature searching of electronic databases was conducted in several databases including CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and EMBASE, and Google Scholar. CR aims to restore patients with CVD to a state of good health. Each country has different approach in the provision and organization of CR as well as the allocation of resources, which depends on their health policies and politics. The indications for CR also differ between countries, but traditionally CR has been used following acute myocardial infarction (MI). CR programs have been divided into three phases of progression. Hospital-based or supervised site-based programs have been known as the most common model of CR in most countries. The core components of CR include patient assessment, nutritional counselling, exercise training, physical activity counselling, weight management, tobacco cessation, aggressive coronary risk-factor management, and psychosocial management. Despite the apparent benefits of CR in patients with CVD, these programs remain largely underused. The participation rates in the USA, Australia, and Europe are low, estimated at 10-30%. New research areas that explore new ways of CR delivery to improve referral and participation rates are essential.

Download Full-text

Dry root rot of chickpea: A disease favored by drought

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-07-21-1410-fe ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Avanish Rai ◽

Vadivelmurugan Irulappan ◽

Muthappa Senthil-Kumar

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Management Practices ◽

Lateral Roots ◽

Research Priorities ◽

Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽

Emerging Diseases ◽

Research Progress ◽

Initial Symptoms ◽

New Research ◽

The Impact

Chickpea is an essential crop for protein nutrition and is grown around the world in rain-fed conditions. However, chickpea cultivation is under threat due to emerging diseases favored by drought stress. Dry root rot (DRR), an economically devastating disease, is an example. Chickpea-specific strains of a necrotic fungal phytopathogen, Macrophomina phaseolina, cause DRR. Microsclerotia of this fungus, which are capable of withstanding harsh environmental conditions, serve as primary inoculum. Initial symptoms are scattered necrotic spots in roots, progressing to rotting and withering lateral roots, accompanied by prematurely dried, straw-colored foliage. The recent rise in global temperature and worsening of drought spells have aggravated DRR outbreaks in chickpea. To date, DRR epidemiology has not been clarified in detail. Also, the literature lacks clarity on M. phaseolina taxonomy, morphology, disease progression, and diagnosis. In this article, research progress on patterns of DRR occurrence in the field and belowground and above-ground symptoms are clarified. In addition, the current understanding of taxonomy and management practices is elaborated. We also summarize knowledge of the impact of drought and high temperature on DRR severity. Further, we provide future perspectives on the importance of host resistance, QTL identification, genotype screening for the identification of resistant genotypes. The article proposes new research priorities and a corresponding plan for the mitigation of DRR.

Download Full-text

Thin-Film High-Barrier Technology for New Type Packaging Material

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.113-116.2333 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 113-116 ◽

pp. 2333-2336 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chun Wei Li ◽

Xue Song Jiang ◽

Qun Li Zhang ◽

Shu Yan Xu ◽

Gui Ying Wang

Keyword(s):

Thin Film ◽

Food Packaging ◽

Substrate Surface ◽

Aluminum Foil ◽

Packaging Material ◽

Research Progress ◽

Current Status ◽

High Polymer ◽

New Type ◽

Reactive Gases

Food Packaging material requires an excellent barrier ability to humidity and oxygen.SiOx barrier thin film deposited on high polymer substrate can compare beauty with aluminum foil in the barrier quality,even more SiOx barrier thin film is obviously allowing microwave permeating directly and it also provide a chance for merchant to vision their production in shelf life.SiOx film as barrier packaging material is becoming a high light.The current status and research progress of new type high barrier thin film packaging material were overviewed and production technology was introduced. The various influencing factors were discussed, including background vacuum, reactive gases, and pretreatment of the substrate surface and properties.

Download Full-text

Heritage Restoration as a Tool to Promote Architectural Identity in the Gulf Regions

Preservation Digital Technology & Culture ◽

10.1515/pdtc-2017-0015 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 3-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Silvia Mazzetto

Keyword(s):

Vernacular Architecture ◽

Global Dimension ◽

Current Status ◽

Practical Implementation ◽

Urban Structure ◽

Architectural Heritage ◽

Rapid Urbanization ◽

Research Profile ◽

Surrounding Areas ◽

New Research

AbstractRecently most of the Gulf countries have had significant urban development, with innovative architecture, as a result of the production of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) in many places in the world. This has generated an unprecedented construction boom in the cities and the surrounding areas.Despite their rather short urban history, the Gulf States have recently launched several signatures mega-projects, where public investments are developing an urban structure of a global dimension. Affecting the direction of the rapid urbanization is a permanent tension between the creation of a new, modern cultural identity and the promotion of traditional architecture. One aim is to establish new connections with local history and cultural traditions.To reveal the challenge of the construction of a new architectural identity in the Arab emerging cities, this paper focuses on the action needed to preserve historical, cultural, traditional, and architectural heritage, with the aim of filling the gaps of knowledge and encouraging new research in the fields of restoration and conservation that will lead to future practical implementation.The paper also calls for a fresh look at the tradition, modernity, and identity, by outlining a number of aspects related to the current status of architectural heritage conservation in some Arab cities. Traditional culture, ancient architectural constructions, and vernacular architecture are the result of historical processes and products of Arab societies. Understanding this is an indispensable tool for the comprehension of the Arab modern cities, a knowledge which can influence their future expansion and revitalization, and the shaping of a new architectural identity in these areas. In the Arab regions, restoration methodologies also need to be defined and implemented with the aim of preserving cultural heritage and raising the conservation and restoration research profile among the international research community.

Download Full-text

Defining research priorities in dystonia

Neurology ◽

10.1212/wnl.0000000000009140 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 94 (12) ◽

pp. 526-537 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Codrin Lungu ◽

Laurie Ozelius ◽

David Standaert ◽

Mark Hallett ◽

Beth-Anne Sieber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Research Priorities ◽

Large Data ◽

Therapeutic Interventions ◽

Research Progress ◽

Data Sets ◽

Cellular Mechanisms ◽

Research Technology ◽

Current State ◽

History Of ◽

New Research

ObjectiveDystonia is a complex movement disorder. Research progress has been difficult, particularly in developing widely effective therapies. This is a review of the current state of knowledge, research gaps, and proposed research priorities.MethodsThe NIH convened leaders in the field for a 2-day workshop. The participants addressed the natural history of the disease, the underlying etiology, the pathophysiology, relevant research technologies, research resources, and therapeutic approaches and attempted to prioritize dystonia research recommendations.ResultsThe heterogeneity of dystonia poses challenges to research and therapy development. Much can be learned from specific genetic subtypes, and the disorder can be conceptualized along clinical, etiology, and pathophysiology axes. Advances in research technology and pooled resources can accelerate progress. Although etiologically based therapies would be optimal, a focus on circuit abnormalities can provide a convergent common target for symptomatic therapies across dystonia subtypes. The discussions have been integrated into a comprehensive review of all aspects of dystonia.ConclusionOverall research priorities include the generation and integration of high-quality phenotypic and genotypic data, reproducing key features in cellular and animal models, both of basic cellular mechanisms and phenotypes, leveraging new research technologies, and targeting circuit-level dysfunction with therapeutic interventions. Collaboration is necessary both for collection of large data sets and integration of different research methods.

Download Full-text

A Review on the Mechanism, Impacts and Control Methods of Membrane Fouling in MBR System

Membranes ◽

10.3390/membranes10020024 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 24 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Xianjun Du ◽

Yaoke Shi ◽

Veeriah Jegatheesan ◽

Izaz Ul Haq

Keyword(s):

Membrane Fouling ◽

Life Prediction ◽

Research Progress ◽

Relevant Research ◽

Effluent Quality ◽

Research Areas ◽

Residual Sludge ◽

Mechanism Control ◽

New Research ◽

And Control

Compared with the traditional activated sludge process, a membrane bioreactor (MBR) has many advantages, such as good effluent quality, small floor space, low residual sludge yield and easy automatic control. It has a promising prospect in wastewater treatment and reuse. However, membrane fouling is the biggest obstacle to the wide application of MBR. This paper aims at summarizing the new research progress of membrane fouling mechanism, control, prediction and detection in the MBR systems. Classification, mechanism, influencing factors and control of membrane fouling, membrane life prediction and online monitoring of membrane fouling are discussed. The research trends of relevant research areas in MBR membrane fouling are prospected.

Download Full-text

Research Progress on Interlaminar Failure Behavior of Fiber Metal Laminates

Advances in Polymer Technology ◽

10.1155/2020/3097839 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-20

Author(s):

Yizhe Chen ◽

Yichun Wang ◽

Hui Wang

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Failure Modes ◽

Control Method ◽

Research Progress ◽

Failure Behavior ◽

Control Methods ◽

Fiber Metal Laminate ◽

Fiber Metal ◽

Structural Parts ◽

New Research

Fiber metal laminate (FML) is a kind of lightweight material with excellent mechanical properties combining advantages of metal laminates and fiber reinforced composites. It has been widely used in the aerospace and transportation fields and is especially used as structural material such as aircraft skins, wings, and tails. However, under complex service conditions, interlaminar failure in FMLs greatly reduced mechanical properties of the material, even leading to serious economic and safety disasters. The failure and destruction of important structural parts of aircraft and other manned transportation vehicles are extremely unsafe for people. Therefore, it is of great significance to summarize the interlaminar failure behavior of FMLs and find ways to avoid these defects. This review paper is a collection of various researches done by many groups, which systematically discuss the interlaminar failure behaviors and their control methods of FMLs. The application status of several common FMLs in aircraft structures was given. The common interlaminar failure modes of FMLs and the testing and evaluation methods of interlaminar properties were stated. The failure mechanisms and the corresponding control methods were analyzed. Finally, the future developments of FMLs were also discussed by the authors. Through this review article, readers can obtain new research progress about the control method, the mechanism and future development on the failure behavior of FMLs in a more efficient way.

Download Full-text