Conspicuous Mobility: The Status Dimensions of the Global Passport Hierarchy

2021 ◽  
Vol 697 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-48
Author(s):  
Yossi Harpaz
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
European Union Country ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Border Control ◽  
International Mobility ◽  
Global Inequality ◽  
The Status ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Rich Countries ◽  
Better Than

The world’s passports are not equal. Travelers from rich countries enjoy extensive travel freedom across the globe, whereas citizens of less developed nations are subject to stringent visa controls. This article examines this global hierarchy from a social cognition perspective, highlighting the status competition around international travel. It analyzes interviews with ninety-eight persons in Serbia and Israel who have acquired a second passport from a European Union country. The interviews illustrate how a social cognition perspective can shed new light on international mobility and global inequality: the analysis suggests that passengers continuously monitored how they and others were treated by border control authorities, perceiving different treatment as indicative of status. Respondents experienced shame when the treatment they received fell short of their expected standards and felt pleasure and pride when treated better than comparable others. Respondents tended to compare their travel freedom to that enjoyed by citizens of nations that they perceived as culturally similar.

General Models for Automated Essay Scoring: Exploring an Alternative to the Status Quo

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Adam Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Writing Assessment ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Automated Essay Scoring ◽  
The Status ◽  
Essay Scoring ◽  
Better Than

Powers, Burstein, Chodorow, Fowles, and Kukich (2002) suggested that automated essay scoring (AES) may benefit from the use of “general” scoring models designed to score essays irrespective of the prompt for which an essay was written. They reasoned that such models may enhance score credibility by signifying that an AES system measures the same writing characteristics across all essays. They reported empirical evidence that general scoring models performed nearly as well in agreeing with human readers as did prompt-specific models, the “status quo” for most AES systems. In this study, general and prompt-specific models were again compared, but this time, general models performed as well as or better than prompt-specific models. Moreover, general models measured the same writing characteristics across all essays, while prompt-specific models measured writing characteristics idiosyncratic to the prompt. Further comparison of model performance across two different writing tasks and writing assessment programs bolstered the case for general models.

scholarly journals RELATIVE IMPACTS OF DIFFERENT DIETS ON THE QUALITIES OF ERI SILK COCOON AND ERI SILK YARN OF FOUR DIFFERENT MUTANTS STRAINS OF PHILOSAMIA RICINI Bsd.

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Akhilesh Kumar Gahlaut ◽  
Arjun
Keyword(s):  
Food Plants ◽  
Relative Impact ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
Silk Cocoon ◽  
Average Production ◽  
The Status ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Eri Silk ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Silk Yarn

The relative impact of different food plants (diets) namely foliages of castor, kesseru , payam and Topioca plants on the four different mutant strain viz; yellow plain, yellow zebra ,G.B Plain ,G.B Zebra in respect of qualities of their eri cocoon and eri silk yarn have been evaluated under the reeling parameters.Result indicate that among the four different food plants like foliages of castor followed by kesseru have been found evidently better than the foliages of payam and Topiocal in respect of average cocoon weight (gm)4.10,3.55,3.98,3.10,Average shell weight (gm) 0.55,0.45,0.52,0.41,Average shell ratio 13.91,12.0,13.0,11.55,Average lengt- h of  silk yarn (mtrs) 2510,2350,2498,2285,Average size of erisilk(D)13D,11D,12D,19D,Average production of eri silk per hr(gm)13.70,12.50,13.10,11.95,Average tenacity of fibre (g/d) 14.0,11.0,12.0,10.0.As far as qualitative differences of all the four food plants in relation to qualities of eri cocoon and eri silk yarn are concerned the castor alongwith kesseru food plants have achieved the status of supremacy primary food plant and payam and tapioca the states of secondary food plants .These variation show that the qualities and production of eri silk cocoon and eri silk yarn depends on the different food plants.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTATION OF BORDER CONTROL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FROM THE SECURITY SIDE (SELECTIVE POLICY) IN IMMIGRATION EXAMINATIONS OF SOEKARNO-HATTA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Revinka Dyah Fatcahya
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Management System ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Border Control ◽  
Residence Permit ◽  
The Status ◽  
Control Management System ◽  
Control Management ◽  
Case Based

This journal discusses the implementation of the Border Control Management (BCM) system which is integrated with the Enhanced Cekal System (ECS), the Interpol I-24/7 system and also with the repository servers such as residence permits and DPRI systems in terms of security in this case based on the principle of selective policy. This form of research uses qualitative research with descriptive methods. Based on the research conducted, in the BCM system there is an Immigration Data Exchange as a regulator of integration between applications. The application of an integrated system in BCM makes the results of immigration checks at the time of scanning the passport showing the status of a ban, visa and residence permit, the last crossing, the status of Interpol, checking the transportation means, and checking other passports. However, the system is still often partially connected so that the Class I Special TPI Soekarno-Hatta Immigration Office must make various efforts such as having a Special IT team and making innovations to make immigration checks at TPI easier and more effective and in accordance with the principle of selective policies implemented by Indonesia.

scholarly journals Ukraine’s experience in resolving the Balkan conflict

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 785-794
Author(s):  
Viktoriia V. Ruda
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
European Community ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
National Sovereignty ◽  
The Status ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
Development Prospects ◽  
Better Than

The development of a common foreign policy course and the creation of joint defence have become the main tasks of the European Community from the very beginning of its foundation, and the practical implementation of cooperation in these areas turns out to be rather difficult and runs into certain problems. Being part of the European Community, the member countries are aware of the necessity to pursue such a course in order to obtain the status of a full-fledged subject of international politics, but this does not deprive them of their fears about the loss of their national sovereignty and some foreign policy priorities. The purpose of the study is to study the process of formation and development of cooperation between Western European countries in the field of foreign policy, security and defence, as well as using the experience of the countries of the former Republic of Yugoslavia to resolve the situation on the territory of Ukraine. The comparative approach of peripheral areas emphasises the unsettled situation, which in some cases may seem better than internationally structured and is on the path of consolidation, while in other cases destabilization still strongly affects the development prospects of states.

scholarly journals Domestic and international mobility trends in the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 pandemic: an analysis of facebook data

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry E. R. Shepherd ◽  
Florence S. Atherden ◽  
Ho Man Theophilus Chan ◽  
Alexandra Loveridge ◽  
Andrew J. Tatem
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
International Mobility ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Since early March 2020, the COVID-19 epidemic across the United Kingdom has led to a range of social distancing policies, which resulted in changes to mobility across different regions. An understanding of how these policies impacted travel patterns over time and at different spatial scales is important for designing effective strategies, future pandemic planning and in providing broader insights on the population geography of the country. Crowd level data on mobile phone usage can be used as a proxy for population mobility patterns and provide a way of quantifying in near-real time the impact of social distancing measures on changes in mobility. Methods Here we explore patterns of change in densities, domestic and international flows and co-location of Facebook users in the UK from March 2020 to March 2021. Results We find substantial heterogeneities across time and region, with large changes observed compared to pre-pademic patterns. The impacts of periods of lockdown on distances travelled and flow volumes are evident, with each showing variations, but some significant reductions in co-location rates. Clear differences in multiple metrics of mobility are seen in central London compared to the rest of the UK, with each of Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland showing significant deviations from England at times. Moreover, the impacts of rapid changes in rules on international travel to and from the UK are seen in substantial fluctuations in traveller volumes by destination. Conclusions While questions remain about the representativeness of the Facebook data, previous studies have shown strong correspondence with census-based data and alternative mobility measures, suggesting that findings here are valuable for guiding strategies.

scholarly journals Are “Associate Professors” better than “Associate Teaching Professors”? Student and faculty perceptions of faculty titles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth Morling ◽  
Jeong Min Lee
Keyword(s):  
Research Universities ◽  
Faculty Perceptions ◽  
Full Time ◽  
The Status ◽  
Better Than

Full-time teaching-focused faculty at research universities may hold alternative titles such as Assistant Teaching Professor, Instructor, or Lecturer. We manipulated the title of a fictitious faculty target to investigate how such titles are perceived. Students (N = 317), respected and liked all targets and their ratings did not differ depending on title. Faculty respondents (N = 645) also liked and respected all the targets, but predicted that Associate Teaching Professors, compared to Associate Professors, would be paid less and would be less likely to have tenure, hold the Ph.D. or be respected outside their university. Lecturer and Instructor titles were estimated to be even lower in status. We discuss what our data mean about the status of teaching in academia.

Status of Physical Education for Handicapped Students: A Comparative Analysis of Teachers in 1980 and 1988

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent J. Melograno ◽  
E. Michael Loovis
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Functional Ability ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
The Status ◽  
Multidisciplinary Staff ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

Results of comprehensive surveys (1980 and 1988) were compared relative to physical education for handicapped students. A direct, self-report methodology was used. Statewide (Ohio) samples of 241 (1980) and 242 (1988) physical education teachers participated. Data indicated that the status of physical education for handicapped students had remained the same. By 1988, only 14% of the teachers had contributed to a multidisciplinary staff for developing IEPs. Teachers’ lack of knowledge of PL 94-142 was revealed in both years, and interest in teaching handicapped students was no better than “neutral/mixed” (1988). A majority of teachers in 1980 and 1988 indicated a general need for assistance in motor behavior assessments. By 1988 a majority of teachers (51%) had not received encouragement/support from their administration. In both years, over 75% believed that handicapped students are excluded from participation in physical education due to “nature of handicap” and “functional ability.” Overall, results in 1980 were reaffirmed in 1988. Teachers lacked the ability to provide appropriate physical education for handicapped students.

PUBLIC HEALTH, NURSING AND MEDICAL SOCIAL WORK

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-347
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States Public Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Surgeon General ◽  
The Status ◽  
Pan American ◽  
Health Nursing

COLLABORATION among the governments of the Western Hemisphere in regard to their health activities passed another milestone in the XIV Pan American Sanitary Conference held in Santiago, Chile, 7-22 October 1954. There was a considerable difference in atmosphere this time from the first such conference which took place in Washington in 1902. At that time urgent need for mutual operations to control yellow fever, so widespread as to interfere seriously with international travel and commerce, was the main subject of discussion and led to agreement to form the "International Sanitary Bureau." Originally only 10 governments participated, but by 1924 the Pan American Sanitary Code was approved, which all 21 republics of the Americas have ratified. This Code is still in force and has the status of an international treaty. Until 1936 the Director elected for the Bureau was the Surgeon-General of the United States Public Health Service, who gave part of his time to the duties of the Bureau but also assigned the full time of a Commissioned Officer of the Service to the Bureau. In 1936, upon his retirement as Surgeon-General, Dr. Hugh S. Cumming dedicated his full time to the Pan American Sanitary Bureau. He was reëlected in 1938 and 1942 for 2 more terms.

9. Authorities – advanced considerations

How to Moot ◽  
2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Snape ◽  
Gary Watt
Keyword(s):  
Personal View ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Times ◽  
Better Than

This chapter discusses what it means to ‘handle precedent’, to ‘interpret statutes’, and to do justice ‘fitted to the needs of the times in which we live’. It provides answers to the following questions: When and how should policy arguments be used? How should foreign case names be pronounced in a moot? What is the correct way to refer to a case? Is it acceptable to give a personal view of the relevant law? When is an authority binding on a moot court? How can one escape from an inconvenient authority? In what circumstances can a case be overruled? How and when can a case be distinguished in law from another? How and when can a case be distinguished on its facts from another? What is the distinction between a judge's finding of fact and his or her decision on the law? What is the status of a judgment of the Divisional Court? Is a ‘Jessel’ better than a ‘Kekewich’? When is a change in the law a matter for Parliament and when is it a matter for the courts?

scholarly journals Global Collaboration Research Strategies for Sustainability in the Post COVID-19 Era: Analyzing Virology-Related National-Funded Projects

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doyeon Lee ◽  
Jongseok Kang ◽  
Keunhwan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Competitive Edge ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Status ◽  
Developed Nations

In the post-COVID-19 era, virology-related research, which not only depends on the governments as its main source of funding but also requires international and interdisciplinary collaborations, is recognized as an essential defense for sustainability. Few published studies have examined the trend, but only for certain viruses before the mid-2010s. Moreover, it is challenging to define generally accepted virology-related research fields due to its broad spectrum. Thus, it is time that we confront the unprecedented pandemic to understand the status of nationally supported projects in developed nations to establish international collaborative research strategies from an interdisciplinary perspective. In this study, 32,365 national-funded projects were collected from the US, EU, and Japan and assigned to five scientific fields to conduct a cluster analysis. Then, an expert-based approach was utilized to define an individual cluster. Moreover, a comparative analysis between nations was carried out to determine if there was a competitive edge for collaboration. As a result, a framework for virology-related research areas was constructed to provide the status quo and differences between nations’ research capabilities, thereby eliciting practical global research and development (R&D) cooperation to achieve a common agenda and a direction for goals in the post-COVID-19 era. These findings have implications for viral response R&D, policy, and practice for future pandemics. A systematic approach based on scientific evidence and an R&D collaboration strategy between industry and academia is essential to resolve the interdisciplinary barriers between countries and promote sustainable virus R&D collaboration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document