scholarly journals Loudness Perceptions Influence Feelings of Interpersonal Closeness and Protect Against Detrimental Psychological Effects of Social Exclusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 014616722110158
Author(s):  
Deming Wang ◽  
Ignazio Ziano ◽  
Martin S. Hagger ◽  
Nikos L. D. Chatzisarantis
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Compensatory Strategies ◽  
Total N ◽  
Interpersonal Closeness ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socially Excluded ◽  
Natural Settings ◽  
Practical Implications

We propose that perceptions of auditory loudness and interpersonal closeness are bidirectionally related. Across 12 experiments (total N = 2,219; 10 preregistered; with Singaporean, British, U.S. American, and Australian participants), we demonstrated that louder audio made people feel physically (Study 1a) and socially (Study 1b) closer to others, presumably because loudness activates interpersonal closeness-related concepts implicitly (Studies 1c and 1d). This loudness–interpersonal closeness effect was observed across diverse samples (Studies 2a, 3a, and S1), for longer listening intervals (Study 2b), and in natural settings (Studies 3a and 3b). Conversely, individuals made to feel socially excluded rated their surroundings as quieter (Study 4). Furthermore, following social exclusion, individuals showed a preference for louder volume (Study 5). Finally, exposure to loud stimuli mitigated detrimental psychological effects of social exclusion (Study 6). Theoretical implications for the social cognition of loudness, social exclusion and compensatory strategies, and practical implications for ameliorating loneliness are discussed.

Climbing down the ladder makes you play it safe

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (5/6) ◽  
pp. 946-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youjae Yi ◽  
Seo Young Kim ◽  
Jae Won Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
High Status ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Socially Excluded ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This study aims to examine how social exclusion and the social status of a rejecter affect consumers’ purchase intentions toward ordinary products. Design/methodology/approach Three experiments were conducted to test the hypotheses. Findings The status of a rejecter, whether high or low, had a significant influence on individuals’ evaluations of ordinary products. Results showed that individuals who were rejected by a low status source had higher purchase intentions toward the ordinary (vs unique) products compared to those who were rejected by a high status source due to threatened self-concept. Practical implications With the increased number of lonely consumers in the market today, firms should pay closer attention to the behavioral patterns of consumers who are socially excluded. In addition, firms should be aware that consumers’ purchase intentions vary depending on the sources of social exclusion. Originality/value This paper addresses the significant impact of sources of social exclusion on consumers’ evaluation of ordinary products. Moreover, this study focuses on a relatively neglected definition of social status, namely, the sociometric status, to fill the gap in the social status literature.

scholarly journals Praca wychowawcza z dziewczętami wykluczonymi społecznie – w ujęciu bł. Marii Karłowskiej (1865–1935)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 337-348
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Wasilewska-Ostrowska
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
The Social ◽  
Universal Values ◽  
Socially Excluded ◽  
Work Education

Educational Work with Socially Excluded Girls – in Terms of the Blessed Maria Karłowska (1865–1935) This text presents the concept of education developed by Blessed Maria Karłowska (1865–1935). The foundress of the Congregation of the Shepherds of Divine Providence worked all her life with socially excluded people, especially girls and young women who were prostitutes. She established care and educational centers for them, where, together with her colleagues, she helped them to overcome their life crises. Several important assumptions can be distinguished in the educational system introduced by Karłowska. First of all, the social and moral development of the pupil was important. Much emphasis was placed on apprenticeship and work. Education to freedom, independence, and citizenship was also a priority, which was based on the assumptions of the pedagogy of dialogue and love. The educators had to show patience and understanding, work on the resources of the charges, and also prevent risky behaviors. Despite the passage of time, this concept has not lost its importance as it is based on universal values that are fundamental in educational work with young people at risk of social exclusion.

Mapping social exclusion in STEM to men’s implicit bias and women’s career costs

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (40) ◽  
pp. e2026308118
Author(s):  
Emily N. Cyr ◽  
Hilary B. Bergsieker ◽  
Tara C. Dennehy ◽  
Toni Schmader
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Implicit Stereotypes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Chilly Climate ◽  
Socially Excluded ◽  
Network Metrics ◽  
Workplace Outcomes

Why are women socially excluded in fields dominated by men? Beyond the barriers associated with any minority group’s mere numerical underrepresentation, we theorized that gender stereotypes exacerbate the social exclusion of women in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) workplaces, with career consequences. Although widely discussed, clear evidence of these relationships remains elusive. In a sample of 1,247 STEM professionals who work in teams, we tested preregistered hypotheses that acts of gendered social exclusion are systematically associated with both men’s gender stereotypes (Part 1) and negative workplace outcomes for women (Part 2). Combining social network metrics of inclusion and reaction time measures of implicit stereotypes (the tendency to “think STEM, think men”), this study provides unique empirical evidence of the chilly climate women often report experiencing in STEM. Men with stronger implicit gender stereotypes had fewer social ties to female teammates. In turn, women (but not men) with fewer incoming cross-gender social ties reported worse career fit and engagement. Moderated mediation revealed that for women (but not men), cross-gender social exclusion was linked to more negative workplace outcomes via lower social fit. Effects of social exclusion were distinct from respect. We discuss the possible benefits of fostering positive cross-gender social relationships to promote women’s professional success in STEM.

scholarly journals The Impacts of the Presence of an Unfamiliar Dog on Emerging Adults’ Physiological and Behavioral Responses Following Social Exclusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Ilona Papousek ◽  
Katharina Reiter-Scheidl ◽  
Helmut K. Lackner ◽  
Elisabeth M. Weiss ◽  
Corinna M. Perchtold-Stefan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Behavioral Reactions ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cardiac Responses ◽  
Perception Of Threat ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socially Excluded ◽  
Appraisal Processes

Research indicates that non-human attachment figures may mitigate the negative consequences of social exclusion. In the current experiment, we examined how the presence of an unfamiliar companion dog in the laboratory effects physiological and behavioral reactions in female emerging adults after social exclusion compared to inclusion. Results revealed the beneficial effects of the dog: Socially excluded participants in the company of a dog showed less aggressive behavior in response to the hot sauce paradigm compared to excluded participants in the control condition. Furthermore, cardiac responses indicated mitigated perception of threat in a subsequent insult episode when a dog was present. The presence of a dog did not impact the most instantaneous, “reflexive” response to the social exclusion as revealed by characteristic cardiac changes. Together, the findings indicate that the presence of a companion dog takes effect in a later, reflective period following a social exclusion experience, which implicates relevant social elaboration and appraisal processes.

THE USE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE FIELD OF MUNICIPAL SERVICES TO BUILD SOCIAL SECURITY OF THE PEOPLE THREATENED BY SOCIAL EXCLUSION. EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-216
Author(s):  
Michał Czuba
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
Municipal Services ◽  
The People ◽  
European Experience ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socially Excluded

The main problem of this article is the possibility of using social entrepreneurship related to the provision of communal services to strengthen the sense of social security in people threatened by social exclusion. This problem is important because ensuring social security in a direct and indirect way is the task of the state. This task also ap-plies to people who are socially excluded or at risk of this phenomenon. Its implemen-tation may take place with the participation of social economy entities, supported by the state in a financial manner as well as through appropriate legislation in the scope of shaping the conditions for the development of the social economy. The aim of this study is to get to know the scope of social economy enterprises in the municipal services and their impact on people employed in this type of institutions, including the possibility of increasing the sense of social security of this people and confirming or denying that the majority of people working in this type social economy entities are people who are socially excluded or threatened with this phenomenon.

Social Exclusion and Conspicuous Consumption: The Moderating Effect of Power State

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shichang Liang ◽  
Yaping Chang ◽  
Jinshan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
High Power ◽  
Undergraduate Student ◽  
Conspicuous Consumption ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Socially Excluded ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Inhibition Theory

Drawing on the compensation motivation of consumption, and the power, approach, and inhibition theory, we proposed that power state would moderate the effect of social exclusion on conspicuous consumption. We conducted a study with 223 undergraduate student participants to test our hypotheses. Results showed that individuals in a low-power state were more prone to conspicuous consumption when they were in social exclusion than when they were socially included. In contrast, individuals in a high-power state did not exhibit any significant difference in terms of conspicuous consumption, whether or not they were socially excluded or included. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Stories, unsung : using music theatre to empower isolated families

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Moher ◽  
Mehru Ali
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Support Programs ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
The Social ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
Socially Excluded

This study examines the impacts of a musical social theatre program entitled Stories, Unsung. The findings are based on the experiences of one group who participated in this program in Calgary, AB (N=8). This study uses a grounded theory and design to explore how useful musical social theatre can be in reducing the social exclusion of marginalized people. Findings indicate two factors are critical in enhancing the social inclusion of those who are isolated: 1) a change in understanding of self and 2) a change in the relationships with others. Stories, Unsung was successful in changing the participants understanding of self and others both critical elements in removing the barriers associated with social exclusion. It is recommended that practitioners working with families in family support programs consider musical social theatre as an effective strategy to engage those families who are socially excluded. Implications for future policy development and research are discussed.

scholarly journals Stories, unsung : using music theatre to empower isolated families

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Moher ◽  
Mehru Ali
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Support Programs ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
The Social ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
Socially Excluded

This study examines the impacts of a musical social theatre program entitled Stories, Unsung. The findings are based on the experiences of one group who participated in this program in Calgary, AB (N=8). This study uses a grounded theory and design to explore how useful musical social theatre can be in reducing the social exclusion of marginalized people. Findings indicate two factors are critical in enhancing the social inclusion of those who are isolated: 1) a change in understanding of self and 2) a change in the relationships with others. Stories, Unsung was successful in changing the participants understanding of self and others both critical elements in removing the barriers associated with social exclusion. It is recommended that practitioners working with families in family support programs consider musical social theatre as an effective strategy to engage those families who are socially excluded. Implications for future policy development and research are discussed.

Filling an Empty Self: The Impact of Social Exclusion on Consumer Preference for Visual Density

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 808-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Su ◽  
Echo Wen Wan ◽  
Yuwei Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Socially Excluded ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Busy Schedule ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract This research examines the effect of social exclusion on consumers’ preferences for visual density. Based on seven experimental studies, we reveal that consumers who perceive themselves as socially excluded evaluate products with dense visual patterns more positively than their nonexcluded peers. This effect occurs because social exclusion triggers a feeling of psychological emptiness and dense patterns can provide a sense of being “filled,” which helps to alleviate this feeling of emptiness. This effect is attenuated when consumers physically fill something or experience a feeling of “temporal density” (i.e., imagining a busy schedule with many tasks packed into a short time). These results shed light on consumers’ socially grounded product aesthetic preferences and offer practical implications for marketers, designers, and policy makers.

You’re not yelping your case: the unexpected social consequences of word of mouth

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Palmeira ◽  
Gerri Spassova ◽  
Jordi Quoidbach
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interpersonal Closeness ◽  
Consumption Experience ◽  
The Social ◽  
Negative Tone ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore whether people’s intuitions regarding the social consequences of word of mouth (WOM) match the actual consequences. The authors investigate the expectations people have about how sharing WOM (positive or negative) will change others’ perceptions of them and then compare these expectations to the actual impact of WOM. Design/methodology/approach Six studies were conducted. Study 1 predicted how sharing their experiences with various products or services would change others’ opinion of them. Studies 2a/2b contrasted participants’ intuitions about the potential social consequences of sharing WOM with the consequences. Studies 3a/3b and 4a/4b tested for the hypothesized mediating mechanism. Studies 5a/5b focused on negative WOM and used participants’ own reviews to compare intuitions with impact. Study 6 explored whether considering one’s own consumption experience mitigates the negative social impact of WOM. Findings Consumers expect positive WOM to improve perceptions as it conveys only positive cues about the communicator (i.e. helping intentions and a positive personality). Negative WOM is expected to have neutral impact, as it conveys mixed cues (i.e. helping intentions but a negative personality). In contrast, the authors show that sharing negative WOM tends to be quite detrimental, whereas sharing positive WOM has little impact. People are largely unaware of these effects. Research limitations/implications The research contributes to the literature on WOM and social transmission by comparing people’s intuitions about the social consequences of WOM with its actual consequences. The authors acknowledge that they used mostly WOM messages that were pre-written (vs spontaneously generated by participants). This may have constrained the generalizability of the results. Several potential moderators remain to be investigated, such as the role of message extremity, the interpersonal closeness between communicator and receiver, whether the WOM was solicited vs spontaneous, online vs offline, etc. Practical implications Greater effort is needed to raise consumers’ awareness about the gap between their expectations and the actual social consequences of WOM. Furthermore, marketers responsible for designing product review opportunities should be encouraged to provide consumers with more flexible options, such as the ability to easily remove an online review. Finally, consumers transmitting negative WOM in particular should be aware that their negative tone may compromise the persuasiveness of their message by making the receiver more vigilant and thus less receptive. Originality/value The authors are the first to directly contrast people’s intuitions about the social consequences of WOM with its consequences. Unlike the previous literature, the authors investigate people’s intuitions directly, and investigate the consequences of positive and negative WOM by comparing them to a neutral no-WOM condition. They also shed light on the specific personality traits people infer from WOM.

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