scholarly journals Psychological and Social Factors Associated with Coexisting Frailty and Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 016402752110456
Author(s):  
Alison Ellwood ◽  
Catherine Quinn ◽  
Gail Mountain
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Cognitively Impaired ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Material Wealth ◽  
Health Outcomes Research ◽  
Supportive Interventions ◽  
Lower Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Lower Material

Those living with coexistent frailty and cognitive impairment are at risk of poorer health outcomes. Research often focuses on identifying biological factors. This review sought to identify the association psychological and social factors have with coexisting physical and cognitive decline. Six databases were systematically searched in July 2020. Studies included individuals aged 60 years or older identified as being both frail and cognitively impaired. A narrative synthesis examined patterns within the data. Nine studies were included, most employed a cross-sectional design. Depression was investigated by all nine studies, those with coexistent frailty and cognitive impairment had higher levels of depressive symptoms than peers. Findings were mixed on social factors, although broadly indicate lower education, living alone and lower material wealth were more frequent in those living with coexistent decline. Further research is needed to explore potentially modifiable psychological and social factors which could lead to the development of supportive interventions.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN NILAI P300 DENGAN MOCA-INA PADA PASIEN DENGAN GANGGUAN KOGNITIF VASKULAR PASCASTROKE ISKEMIK

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susilo Susilo ◽  
Yudy Goysal ◽  
Abdul Muis ◽  
Muhammad Akbar ◽  
Andi Kurnia Bintang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Vascular Cognitive Impairment ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
P300 Latency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neurology Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

      ASSOCIATION OF P300 VALUE WITH MOCA-INA IN VASCULAR COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT POST-ISCHEMIC STROKE PATIENTSABSTRACTIntroduction: Stroke is a major threat in human life because it can cause disability and mortality. Cognitive impairment in early stroke is strong predictor for long term vascular cognitive impairment while neuropsychology method is superior than conventional method to diagnose cognitive impairment, especially P300.Aim: To identify the association between P300 values and MoCA-Ina in vascular cognitive impairment post ischemic stroke patients.Methods: It is a cross sectional design study for ischemic stroke patients who suffered from vascular cognitive impairment during April to June 2018 in Neurology Clinic of Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar. The statistical analysis was performed by Pearson’s correlation test.Result: There were 20 samples, male (60%) and female (40%). The average MoCA-Ina score was 19.35±6.06; the average P300 latency in Fz, Cz, and Pz were 370.22±49.01ms, 360.78±38.27ms, and 361.02±44.45ms, respectively; the average P300 in Fz, Cz, and Pz amplitude were 6.09±3.10µV, 5.67±3.49µV, and 6.10±2.77µV, respectively. The Pearson’s showed that P300 latency had significantly correlation  with MoCA-Ina score while no correlation between the P300 amplitude and MoCA-Ina.Discussion: There was correlation between P300 latency with MoCA-Ina in vascular cognitive impairment post ischemic stroke patients.Keywords: Ischemic stroke, MoCA-Ina, P300 value, vascular cognitive impairment.ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Stroke merupakan suatu ancaman terbesar di kehidupan manusia karena dapat menimbulkan kecacatan dan kematian. Gangguan kognitif pada awal stroke merupakan prediktor kuat untuk gangguan kognitif vaskular jangka panjang dan metode neuropsikologi lebih unggul daripada metode konvensional untuk mendiagnosis gangguan kognitif, terutama P300.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan nilai P300 dengan MoCA-Ina pada pasien gangguan kognitif vaskular pascastroke iskemik.Metode: Desain studi potong lintang terhadap pasien stroke iskemik yang mengalami gangguan kognitif vaskular selama bulan April sampai Juni 2018 di Poliklinik Saraf RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo, Makassar. Data diolah menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson’s.Hasil: Didapatkan 20 orang sampel laki-laki (60%) dan perempuan (40%). Nilai MoCA-Ina rata-rata 19,35±6,06; hasil rata-rata latensi gelombang P300 di Fz, Cz, dan Pz   masing-masing adalah 370,22±49,01, 360,78±38,27, dan 361,02±44,45; rata-rata tinggi amplitudo P300 di Fz masing-masing adalah 6,09±3,10, 5,67±3,49, dan 6,10±2,77. Hasil uji korelasi Pearson’s menunjukkan latensi P300 berkorelasi signifikan terhadap MoCA-Ina, sedangkan amplitudo P300 tidak.Pembahasan: Ada hubungan antara latensi gelombang P300 dengan MoCA-Ina pada pasien gangguan kognitif vaskular pascastroke iskemik.Kata kunci: Gangguan kognitif vaskular, MoCA-Ina, nilai P300, stroke iskemik  

The association between cognitive impairment and physical disability in multiple sclerosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon G Lynch ◽  
Brett A Parmenter ◽  
Douglas R Denney
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Delayed Recall ◽  
Physical Decline ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Duration Of Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The association between cognitive impairment and physical disability was examined in a larger, more representative sample of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) than in previous studies. Method: Two hundred and fifty-three patients attending an MS clinic were assessed with respect to physical disability using the Expanded Disability Status Scale and cognitive impairment using a battery of neuropsychological tests. Results: Physical disability correlated with duration of disease; cognitive impairment did not. Virtually all measures derived from the cognitive battery were significantly correlated with physical disability. Three measures of speeded information processing and one involving delayed recall of verbal material were unique predictors of disability status. The relationship between cognitive impairment and physical disability was equivalent for patients with shorter (<3 years) versus longer (>10 years) disease duration. Cognitive impairment correlated with the rate of disability progression as reflected by the progression index. Conclusion: Cognitive impairment is more closely associated with physical disability than most previous studies indicate. This relationship appears to be stable throughout the duration of MS, although this conclusion is qualified by the cross-sectional design of the study. Further attention should be paid to cognitive impairment as a possible predictor of the rate of patients’ physical decline.

scholarly journals Cognitive Impairment, Sexual Activity and Physical Tenderness in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Exploration

Gerontology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 589-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosanne Freak-Poli ◽  
Silvan Licher ◽  
Joanne Ryan ◽  
M. Arfan Ikram ◽  
Henning Tiemeier
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cognitively Impaired ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Partner Status ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background: The ability to engage in sexual activity and better cognitive functioning are both associated with better health. However, the association between cognitive functioning and sexual activity is understudied. Objective: To examine the association between cognitive functioning with sexual activity and physical tenderness among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: From the Rotterdam Study, cognitive impairment and sexual activity were assessed in 4,201 community-dwelling, 60+ year olds between 2008 and 2014 in the Netherlands. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was based upon subjective complaints related to age and education-adjusted test scores. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) impairment was defined by a score of < 26. Sexual activity and physical tenderness (e.g., fondling or kissing) in the last 6 months were assessed at an interview. Analyses were stratified by gender and partner status, with prevalence rates for the “no impairment” categories weighted based on age from the cognitive impairment categories. Inter-rater reliability was examined utilising 74 cohabiting couples of opposite gender. Results: It was found that 14% were categorised as having cognitive impairment, and < 1% as dementia (excluded from subsequent analyses). There was strong evidence that the odds of engaging in physical tenderness (observed through MMSE < 26, OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.32–3.48, p = 0.002) and sexual activity (MCI, OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.35–4.12, p = 0.003) among partnered females with no impairment was twice that observed among cognitively impaired partnered females. There was weak evidence that the odds of engaging in physical tenderness (MMSE < 26, OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.04–2.42, p = 0.03) and sexual activity (MMSE < 26, OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.02–2.24, p = 0.04) among partnered males with no impairment was 50% greater than observed among cognitively impaired partnered males. The associations between cognitive functioning and physical tenderness continued to remain after adjustment for physical function, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer. There was no clear evidence of a difference between amnestic and non-amnestic MCI for sexual behaviour. There was moderate to substantial agreement among the coupled adults who had 1 partner categorised with MCI. Conclusion: Having no cognitive impairment was associated with more engagement in sexual activity and physical tenderness among community-dwelling older adults. Sexuality is an important aspect of active aging and our findings illustrate a potential barrier to maintaining or instigating intimate relationships as we age. Longitudinal analyses are required to explore the direction of effect.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Network Changes in Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012834
Author(s):  
Danka Jandric ◽  
Ilona Lipp ◽  
David Paling ◽  
David Rog ◽  
Gloria Castellazzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Cognitively Impaired ◽  
Anatomical Connectivity ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background and Objectives:Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with functional connectivity abnormalities. While there have been calls to use functional connectivity measures as biomarkers there remains to be a full understanding of why they are affected in MS. In this cross-sectional study we tested the hypothesis that functional network regions may be susceptible to disease-related ‘wear-and-tear’ and that this can be observable on co-occuring abnormalities on other MR metrics. We tested whether functional connectivity abnormalities in cognitively impaired MS patients co-occur with either 1) overlapping, 2) local, or 3) distal changes in anatomical connectivity and cerebral blood flow abnormalities.Methods:Multimodal 3T MRI and assessment with the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological tests was performed in 102 relapsing-remitting MS patients and 27 healthy controls. MS patients were classified as cognitively impaired if they scored ≥1.5 standard deviations below the control mean on ≥2 tests (n=55), or else cognitively preserved (n=47). Functional connectivity was assessed with Independent Component Analysis and dual regression of resting-state fMRI images. Cerebral blood flow maps were estimated and anatomical connectivity was assessed with anatomical connectivity mapping and fractional anisotropy of diffusion-weighted MRI. Changes in cerebral blood flow and anatomical connectivity were assessed within resting state networks that showed functional connectivity abnormalities in cognitively impaired MS patients.Results:Functional connectivity was significantly decreased in the anterior and posterior default mode networks and significantly increased in the right and left frontoparietal networks in cognitively impaired relative to cognitively preserved MS patients (TFCE-corrected at p≤0.05, two-sided). Networks showing functional abnormalities showed altered cerebral blood flow and anatomical connectivity locally and distally but not in overlapping locations.Discussion:We provide the first evidence that FC abnormalities are accompanied with local cerebral blood flow and structural connectivity abnormalities but also demonstrate that these effects do not occur in exactly the same location. Our findings suggest a possibly shared pathological mechanism for altered functional connectivity in brain networks in MS.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP PRIA PRODUKTIF TERHADAP METODE KONTRASEPSI VASEKTOMI

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Ariyanto Ariyanto ◽  
Nurfitriani Nurfitriani
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sample Number ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Social ◽  
Minor Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Selection Of

Vasectomy is an alternative method of contraception for men who do not want to have children anymore by undergoing minor surgery to stop male reproductive capacity. The method of this research is quantitative analytical with cross sectional design, sample number of KK 50 samples, sampling using puporsive sampling. Data collection techniques using questionnaires, univariate data analysis. The results showed that the knowledge was 100% did not know the social factors that influence the selection of contraception, 11 respondents (22.0%) did not know what advantage in choosing the method of vasectomy contraception, 18% do not know how many children are allowed to use vasectomy contraception and 16.0 % who do not know the age of husbands who may use vasectomy contraception, productive man attitude there are 36.0% hesitated that vasectomy contraception is a safe and effective birth control for couples of childbearing age, 44.0% hesitant to use vasectomy contraception did not affect subsequent sexual relations, 90.0%  hesitant to use vasectomy contraception is not against religion,  60,0% hesitate contraception vase ktomi may reduce the desire for sexual intercourse (libido), 56.0% doubt the use of vasectomy does not result in men become impotent (not male), and 56.0% hesitant men who became vasectomy acceptors can ejaculate (semen discharge).

Clinical and Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Cognitive Impairment and Neuroprotection in Diabetes Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Valiente-Barroso ◽  
Jesús Mª Alvarado-Izquierdo ◽  
Emilio García García
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

AbstractThe aim of this study is to analyze the potential impact of factors (clinical and demographic variables and comorbidities) associated with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) on certain mental processes related to cognitive impairment, with special attention to the analysis of parameters that define processing speed and executive function. Neuropsychological examination of elderly Spanish patients (N = 59, 33 females, Mage 70.98 years) diagnosed with DM, in addition to application of an ad hoc questionnaire to collect information on comorbidities and other relevant demographic variables. Based on a cross-sectional design, correlational analysis was carried out. Cognitive performance showed an inverse relationship to age and cardiopathology while years of schooling and regular physical activity appeared as neuroprotective factors. DM is an illness which, linked to other variables, can be regarded as a risk factor for the development of cognitive impairment. Certain factors (physical activity and cognitive stimulation) have the potential to mitigate this tendency. There is a need to further our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms involved.

scholarly journals The Paradoxical Effect of Living Alone on Cognitive Reserve and Mild Cognitive Impairment among Women Aged 60+ in Mexico City

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10939
Author(s):  
Antonio R. Villa ◽  
Elsa Guerrero ◽  
Ana M. Villa ◽  
Rosalinda Sánchez-Arenas ◽  
María Araceli Ortiz-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Reserve ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cognitive Framework ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

An elderly person who lives alone must often be autonomous and self-sufficient in daily living activities. We explored if living alone and marital status were associated with mild cognitive impairment and low cognitive reserve in a sample of Mexican women aged 60+ attending continuing education courses using a cross-sectional design. Objective cognitive functions were assessed using the MMSE and Blessed Dementia Scale. We administered the Cognitive Reserve Questionnaire. Independence skills were assessed with the Katz index and Lawton index. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used. We recruited 269 participants (x¯ = 69.0 ± 5.8 years). Single, widowed, separated, and divorced women comprised 73% of the participants. A third lived alone and 84% had completed high school. Mild cognitive deficit was observed among 24.5–29.0%; the upper range for cognitive reserve was 61.7%. Living alone versus living with someone was associated with cognitive impairment (OR = 0.51, p = 0.04) and with low to medium cognitive reserve (OR = 0.51, p = 0.02) after adjusting for confounding variables. Living alone was an independent factor associated with a lower probability of displaying mild cognitive impairment and a higher probability of displaying high cognitive reserve. Women living alone in this study had a more robust cognitive framework and had built their own support networks.

scholarly journals Association Between Iron-Related Protein Lipocalin 2 and Cognitive Impairment in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Pereira das Neves ◽  
Ricardo Taipa ◽  
Fernanda Marques ◽  
Patrício Soares Costa ◽  
Joel Monárrez-Espino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Lipocalin 2 ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

A worldwide increase in longevity is bringing novel challenges to public health and health care professionals. Cognitive impairment in the elderly may compromise living conditions and precede Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most prevalent form of dementia. Therefore, finding molecular markers associated with cognitive impairment is of crucial importance. Lipocalin 2 (LCN2), an iron-related protein, has been suggested as a potential marker for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. This study aimed at investigating the association between LCN2 measured in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with cognitive impairment. A cross-sectional design based on two aging cohorts was used: individuals diagnosed with subjective cognitive complaints (SCC), MCI, and AD from a Swedish memory clinic-based cohort, and individuals diagnosed with SCC and AD from a Portuguese cohort. Binary logistic [for the outcome cognitive impairment (MCI + AD) in the Swedish cohort and AD in the Portuguese cohort] and multinomial logistic (for the outcomes MCI and AD) regression analyses were used. No associations were found in both cohorts when controlling for sex, education, and age. This explanatory study suggests that the association between serum and CSF LCN2 concentrations with cognitive impairment reported in the literature must be further analyzed for confounders.

scholarly journals Ocular biomarkers for cognitive impairment in nonagenarians; a prospective cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacoba Alida van de Kreeke ◽  
Nienke Legdeur ◽  
Maryam Badissi ◽  
H. Ton Nguyen ◽  
Elles Konijnenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fundus Photography ◽  
Cognitively Impaired ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness

Abstract Background: Ocular imaging receives much attention as a source of potential biomarkers for dementia. In the present study, we analyze these ocular biomarkers in cognitively impaired and healthy participants in a population aged over 90 years (= nonagenarian), and elucidate the effects of age on these biomarkers. Methods: For this prospective cross-sectional study, we included individuals from the EMIF-AD 90+ study, consisting of a cognitively healthy (N=67) and cognitively impaired group (N=33), and the EMIF-AD PreclinAD study, consisting of cognitively healthy controls aged ≥60 (N=198). Participants underwent Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and fundus photography of both eyes. OCT was used to asses total and individual inner retinal layer thickness in the macular region (Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study circles) as well as peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, fundus images were analyzed with Singapore I Vessel Assessment to obtain 7 retinal vascular parameters. Values for both eyes were averaged. Differences in ocular biomarkers between the 2 nonagenarian groups were analyzed using linear regression, differences between the individual nonagenarian groups and controls were analyzed using generalized estimating equations. Results: Ocular biomarkers did not differ between the healthy and cognitively impaired nonagenarian groups. Both nonagenarian groups differed in most ocular biomarkers from the younger controls. Conclusion: Ocular biomarkers were not associated with cognitive impairment in nonagenarians, making their use as a screening tool for dementing disorders in this group limited. However, ocular biomarkers were significantly associated with chronological age, which were very similar to those ascribed to occur in Alzheimer’s Disease.

scholarly journals Stage-specific links between plasma neurofilament light and imaging biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease

Brain ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréa L Benedet ◽  
Antoine Leuzy ◽  
Tharick A Pascoal ◽  
Nicholas J Ashton ◽  
Sulantha Mathotaarachchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Imaging Biomarkers ◽  
Cognitively Impaired ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neurofilament Light ◽  
Tau Pet ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease Dementia

Abstract Neurofilament light (NfL) is a marker of neuroaxonal injury, a prominent feature of Alzheimer’s disease. It remains uncertain, however, how it relates to amyloid and tau pathology or neurodegeneration across the Alzheimer’s disease continuum. The aim of this study was to investigate how plasma NfL relates to amyloid and tau PET and MRI measures of brain atrophy in participants with and without cognitive impairment. We retrospectively examined the association between plasma NfL and MRI measures of grey/white matter volumes in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative [ADNI: n = 1149; 382 cognitively unimpaired control subjects and 767 cognitively impaired participants (mild cognitive impairment n = 420, Alzheimer’s disease dementia n = 347)]. Longitudinal plasma NfL was measured using single molecule array (Simoa) technology. Cross-sectional associations between plasma NfL and PET amyloid and tau measures were independently assessed in two cohorts: ADNI [n = 198; 110 cognitively unimpaired, 88 cognitively impaired (MCI n = 67, Alzheimer’s disease dementia n = 21), data accessed October 2018]; and Translational Biomarkers in Aging and Dementia [TRIAD, n = 116; 74 cognitively unimpaired, 42 cognitively impaired (MCI n = 16, Alzheimer’s disease dementia n = 26), data obtained November 2017 to January 2019]. Associations between plasma NfL and imaging-derived measures were examined voxel-wise using linear regression (cross-sectional) and linear mixed effect models (longitudinal). Cross-sectional analyses in both cohorts showed that plasma NfL was associated with PET findings in brain regions typically affected by Alzheimer’s disease; associations were specific to amyloid PET in cognitively unimpaired and tau PET in cognitively impaired (P &lt; 0.05). Longitudinal analyses showed that NfL levels were associated with grey/white matter volume loss; grey matter atrophy in cognitively unimpaired was specific to APOE ε4 carriers (P &lt; 0.05). These findings suggest that plasma NfL increases in response to amyloid-related neuronal injury in preclinical stages of Alzheimer’s disease, but is related to tau-mediated neurodegeneration in symptomatic patients. As such, plasma NfL may a useful measure to monitor effects in disease-modifying drug trials.

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