Expressing emotion through vocal performance: Acoustic cues and the effects of a mindfulness induction

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-512
Author(s):  
Daphne Tan ◽  
Frank M. Diaz ◽  
Peter Miksza
Keyword(s):  
Expressed Emotion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vocal Performance ◽  
Acoustic Cues ◽  
Expressive Performance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Activity State ◽  
Mindfulness Induction ◽  
Recorded Performances ◽  
Experimental Group

Previous research suggests that musicians modulate a predictable set of acoustic cues to convey distinct emotions. The current study focuses on singers, testing the validity of cues previously reported for a wide range of instruments. The study also asks: What effect might a musician’s mindfulness have on their expressive performance? Two groups of highly skilled vocalists recorded performances of a novel melody with four distinct emotions. Prior to the performance task, an experimental group took part in a guided mindfulness induction, while a control group engaged in a self-selected relaxation activity; state mindfulness was assessed immediately after. Recordings were analyzed for tempo, temporal variation, intensity, mean centroid, vibrato rate, vibrato extent, and attack slope; individual notes with particular scale-degree functions were also compared. Results show that the two groups of participants had similar cue usage, although those in the experimental condition had higher mindfulness scores and attributed improvements in focus and awareness to the induction task. Participants as a whole used cues in the predicted directions, and significant differences were found on all acoustical measures, except vibrato rate, as a function of expressed emotion. Results also indicate that participants modified intonation to distinguish between positive and negative emotions.

scholarly journals Observation on the Effect of Local Flap Transfer and Sclera Transplantation in Repairing Skin Defect after Eyelid Tumor Operation

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Ying-Hui Ma ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Jie Yang
Keyword(s):  
Skin Flap ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Local Flap ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Skin Defect ◽  
Local Skin ◽  
Eyelid Tumor ◽  
Flap Transfer ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction: Eyelid tumor refers to the primary eyelid skin and accessory tumors, which not only affects the appearance and vision, and even local infiltration and distant metastasis, thereby threatening life. Surgical resection is the most important and effective treatment, but tumor resection often leads to a wide range of eyelid defects, significantly affecting the shape and function of the eyelid. Therefore, the eyelid defect must be repaired after resection to achieve the purpose of aesthetic appearance and protection of the eyeball. The objective of the study was to analyze the clinical results of local flap transfer and scleral transplantation in repairing skin defect after eyelid tumor operation. Methods: Forty patients with postoperative skin defects of eyelid tumors admitted from December 2008 to December 2018 were taken for analysis and divided into two groups, 20 cases in each group. The control group underwent autologous lip mucous membrane transfer and nearby skin flap, while the experimental group received local skin flap rotation and scleral allograft repair. The clinical effect of repair of the two groups were compared. Results: In the experimental group, the effect of clinical repairs were better, the difference of height of palpebralfissure and the length of palpebral fissure were compared with the control group, which showed statistical significance favoring the experimental group. Conclusion: Local flap transfer and scleral transplantation has better clinical outcome to repair the skin defect after operation of eyelid tumor.

scholarly journals Bimbingan Kelompok dengan Teknik Self-Instruction untuk Meningkatkan Self-Regulation Siswa

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Setiawan ◽  
M. Solehuddin ◽  
Anne Hafina
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Self Instruction ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Group Guidance

Triggered by the importance of self-regulation, then this research was conducted in order to test the effectiveness of group guidance with self-instruction technique in order to enhance self-regulation of the students. Self-regulation is considered as the As card of human personality as it is assumed to be able to strenghten and increase the ability of a person to face the demand of live as well as act as a guide of behaviours of the person himself. In addition, lack of self-regulation will also cause wide range of problems specifically for the students as it may affect the academic achivement of the students themselves. Quantitative approach with quasy-experimental design was used in this research. Meanwhile, the research method used was Nonequivalent Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The selection of the sample of the study was by using the purposive sampling technique, the total samples taken were 69 students, 39 students were placed in experimental group and other 30 students were in control group. The study found that in general the profile of the students’ self-regulation was on the moderate category, and empirically the group guidance with self-instruction technique was proven to be able to enhance students’ self-regulation.  

scholarly journals The Effect of Using a Language Games-Based Electronic Program on Acquiring Oral Expression Skills among People with Learning Difficulties in English Language during Covid-19 Pandemic

MANAZHIM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-150
Author(s):  
Mohmmad Khasawneh
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
English Language ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Language Games ◽  
Expressive Performance ◽  
Oral Expression ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of using a language games-based electronic program on developing the oral expressions of people with learning difficulties in the English language during the emerging Covid-19 pandemic. The study used the experimental approach and implemented the program on a sample of 84 students, who were distributed to an experimental group (42) and a control group (42). The instruments of the study consisted of the training program and a test for the evaluation of oral expressive performance. The study found the existence of significant differences between the experimental and control groups in the acquisition of oral expression after receiving the training program in favor of the experimental group.

EFFECTIVENESS OF MULTIMEDIA PACKAGES FOR ENHANCING ACHIEVEMENT IN COMMERCE AMONG XI STANDARD STUDENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mayilshami ◽  
U. Pandian
Keyword(s):  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Course Of Study

The present day students are in a digital era of learning. During their course of study they acquire a wide range of information from various sources like Internet, books and journals. They came into contact with worldwide friends using Twitter, Face book and Google Groups etc. The researcher observed that the students face many problems on learning the subject; Commerce, especially advertising, because of its vague and critical nature. Majority of the content in the said subject are in advertising which develops unwanted boredom in the minds of the students. If it is taught with the help of software packages, the teacher can explain the learning more interesting and meaningful. The investigator intends to prepare a multimedia package using video lessons and animation covering the commerce subject and it’s tested on the students of experimental group and compared with the control group whom were taught chalk and talk method. The study proved that The control and experimental post-test group students differ in their achievement of commerce. The students in the experimental group are better in their commerce achievement than the Control group.

ANALYSIS FOR CASCADING FAILURES WITH DNA REPAIR FUNCTION OF GENE NETWORK AND ITS APPLICATION

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (03) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Lin Zhang ◽  
Shu-Dong Wang ◽  
Long-Xiao Sun ◽  
Yuan-Yuan Zhang ◽  
Da-Zhi Meng
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Gene Networks ◽  
Cascading Failures ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cancer Occurrence ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cancer Related Gene ◽  
Experimental Group

Gene networks research has grown steadily because of its potential to represent, characterize and model a wide range of systems and phenomena on the molecular level. Especially the studies on the cancer-related gene networks through complex interactions can help to provide better understanding of the formation and development of cancer. In this work, using the expressions data of normal and lung adenocarcinoma stage, mutual information networks of cancer-related genes are constructed first. Then a model for cascading failures with DNA repair function of weighted gene networks is built. Furthermore, comparisons of numerical experiments show that deleting nodes in the networks of adenocarcinoma experimental group is more likely to cause larger scales of cascading failure than the one of control group. In addition, we find that 13 genes of control group and 12 genes of experimental group are of very strong destructibility for the two networks, respectively. The failures of these genes can lead to the paralysis of the whole network. Therefore, we conclude that these genes might play important roles in keeping normal level or developing lung adenocarcinoma of organisms. The results may have certain significance for the interpretation of lung cancer development and provide beneficial inspirations to clarify lung cancer occurrence of biological mechanism.

An overview of family interventions and relapse on schizophrenia: meta-analysis of research findings

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jair De Jesus Mari ◽  
David L. Streiner
Keyword(s):  
Expressed Emotion ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Family Interventions ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Experimental Group

SynopsisThe purpose of this overview is to appraise the studies on the efficacy and effectiveness of family interventions in decreasing relapse in schizophrenic patients. The studies were identified by means of a computerized MEDLINE search, and the scanning of review articles and the reference lists of the primary articles identified. More than 300 citations were reviewed, and the potentially relevant articles revealed six randomized controlled trials that were included in this meta-analysis. The criteria for selecting potential studies as well as for the meta-analysis were tested by means of an inter-rater reliability check that showed a good agreement between two independent raters (K = 0·83, and K = 0·82, respectively). There were independent assessments of the quality of the studies selected, and data extraction comprised a descriptive information of the study population, the types of interventions, and the relevant outcome measurements. The total number of patients included in the six trials was 350 (181 in the control group and 169 in the experimental group). Regarding the decrease of relapse in the experimental group, the pooled odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were: 0·30 (0·06, 0·71) for six months; 0·22 (0·09, 0·37) for nine months; and 0·17 (0·10, 0·35) for the 2-year follow-up. Two to five patients needed to be treated to avert one episode of relapse in a nine-month follow-up. The changes in Expressed Emotion status between experimental and control group combining nine months and one year follow-ups were shown to be marginally significant (P < 0·06), in favour of the experimental group. Emotional over-involvement was also marginally significant (P < 0·07), and there was no statistical difference in the distribution of criticism and hostility. In addition, the experimental group showed a significant increase with drug compliance and a reduction in hospitalization over time. These findings are discussed in light of the potential ingredients in the efficacy of family interventions by focusing on the limitations of using relapse as primary outcome in the assessment of efficacy trials with schizophrenic patients.

The Effects of a Positive Mindset Trigger Word Pre-Performance Routine on the Expressive Performance of Junior High Age Singers

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Broomhead ◽  
Jon B. Skidmore ◽  
Dennis L. Eggett ◽  
Melissa M. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Junior High ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Performance Factors ◽  
Expressive Performance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group Members ◽  
High Age ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group

The effects of a positive mindset trigger word intervention on the expressive performance of individual junior high singers were tested in this study. Participants ( N = 155) were assigned randomly to a control group or an experimental group. Members of the experimental group participated in a 40-min intervention while members of the control group participated in normal rehearsal. The intervention involved a pre-performance routine of breathing and silently repeating the words bold, confident, and free. It also involved practice activities for applying the technique to performance. Participants were tested individually directly before and after the intervention and 2 weeks later. Results indicated a significant positive effect on Overall Expressive Performance ( p < .001) and on the subcategories Dynamics ( p < .001), Performance Factors ( p < .001), and Timing ( p < .001). There was no significant effect on subcategories Articulation ( p = .195) and Tone ( p = .035). Implications were that (1) use of positive mindset trigger words in a pre-performance routine may bring immediate improvement in expressive performance for junior high age singers, (2) junior high age singers may possess higher levels of expressive performance skill than they or teachers recognize, and (3) review and repetition likely are needed for junior high age students to retain the intervention benefits.

scholarly journals The Effect of a Holistic School Improvement Model in Enhancing School Effectiveness in Oman

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 187-200
Author(s):  
Abdo Mohamed Al-Mekhlafi ◽  
Mohamed El Tahir Osman
Keyword(s):  
School Improvement ◽  
School Performance ◽  
School Effectiveness ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose - This study examined the impact of a holistic school improvement model on overall school effectiveness, More specifically, it attempted to answer two questions: 1) Are there any significant differences in school performance between the control group and the experimental group before and after the experiment? 2) Is there any significant improvement in the experimental group school effectiveness before and after the experiment? Methodology - As a part of a four-year longitudinal research project, the study used a quasi experimental research design to examine the impact of a holistic school improvement model on enhancing overall school effectiveness in Oman. The sample consisted of 16 intact classes selected from 8 schools (4 experimental and 4 control groups), with a total of 2378 students (1157 from grade nine classes and 1221 from grade seven classes). The experimental group schools were exposed to a wide range of school improvement activities within a four-year period. A series of workshops on activating the 13 elements of the Innovation Sustainability Wheel (ISW) were delivered to all administrators and teachers at the target experimental group schools, in addition to empowering students through enrichment programs in five subject areas. Data was collected from the Omani Ministry of Education school performance indicators, which included five subject matter achievement tests aggregated over three years. Findings - The study revealed significant differences in overall school performance across the four years between the control and experimental schools, in favour of the experimental group. Moreover, a significant progression of school effectiveness was observed in the two grade levels of the experimental group. Significance - The findings are significant in terms of providing educational systems with a workable mechanism for identifying key areas of weaknesses and means of improvement; establishing a chain of actions for activating all interrelated elements that act as driving forces for sustainable change; ensuring that the indicators of school improvement should include both operational processes and students’ learning outcomes; and contributing to the knowledge base in the area of school improvement in terms of a research-based model that has potential implications for practitioners and policy makers.

scholarly journals Protein synthesize function of bulls liver at experimental chronic cadmium toxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (94) ◽  
pp. 92-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Y. Lavryshyn ◽  
B. V. Gutyj
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Experimental Group

The article presents the results of studies on the influence of cadmium load on the body of young cattle. The adverse effect of Cadmium on the liver causes a wide range of pathological changes at various levels of its organization. The purpose of the work was to investigate protein synthesize function on the liver of bulls for experimental chronic cadmium toxicity. The research was carried out on the basis of a farm at the village Ivanivtsi, Zhydachiv district of Lviv region, on 10 bulls of six months old, Ukrainian black-and-white milk breed, which were formed in 2 groups of 5 animals in each: control and experimental. Bulls of the control group were in the usual diet. Bulls of the experimental group were fed with forage with cadmium chloride at a dose of 0.04 mg/kg body weight of the animal. The research lasted for 30 days. Protein synthesize function of the liver was determined by the level of serum total protein and protein fractions. It was established that when feeding cows with feed of cadmium chloride in a dose of 0.04 mg/kg of body weight of an animal for 30 days in animals suppressed protein synthesize function of the liver, which manifests itself by lowering the total protein of blood. It reached the lowest level at the 20th day of the experiment, where, accordingly, it fluctuated within the limits of 61.9 ± 1.14 g/l. Reducing the level of total protein in the blood of the bulls of the experimental group under cadmium loading was due to lowering the level of albumin. At day 20 of the experiment, the level of albumin in the blood of animals in the experimental group decreased by 16.5%. On the background of general hypoproteinemia there is a significant imbalance between albumins and globulins in serum of diseased animals. It was established that the level of globulins increased in the blood of Bulls, which were under cadmium load. Increasing the level of globulins in blood serum of bulls reflects the intensity of inflammatory processes in their body for cadmium loading.

scholarly journals Influence of cadmium on the cellular part of the immune system of young cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Y. Y. Lavryshyn ◽  
B. V. Gutyj ◽  
K. Y. Leskiv ◽  
I. I. Hariv ◽  
L. H. Yevtukh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Control Group ◽  
T Suppressors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Young Cattle ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

The article presents the results of research on the effect of cadmium load on the body of young cattle. The negative effect of Cadmium on the liver causes a wide range of pathological changes at different levels of its organization. The impact of heavy metals on the immune system is particularly significant, because it performs a leading role in maintaining health and is recognized as one of the most sensitive to adverse factors, even in relatively low concentrations. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of cadmium on the cellular part of the immune system of young cattle. The research was carried out on 10 bulls of six months of age, Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed, which were formed into 2 groups of 5 animals each: control and experimental. The bulls of the control group were on a normal diet. Animals of the experimental group were administered cadmium chloride at a dose of 0.04 mg/kg body weight of the animal. It was found that feeding bulls with a diet of cadmium chloride, the number of B-lymphocytes on the 5th day of the experiment was 17.54 ± 0.95 %. The lowest number of B-lymphocytes was on the 20th day of testing – 15.12 ± 0.37 %. The study of the number of T-lymphocytes shows that at the beginning of analysis the number of T-lymphocytes in the blood of animals of the control and experimental groups ranged from 40.70 ± 3.62 and 40.85 ± 2.54 %. Subsequently, the number of T-lymphocytes in the blood of the experimental group began to decline. The lowest number of T-lymphocytes was in the experimental group of animals on the 20th day of the research, compared with the control group, this figure decreased by 3.63 %. The state of immunity of animals under cadmium load significantly depends on the ratio of T-helpers to T-suppressors. It was found that the immunoregulatory index of blood of bulls of the experimental group probably decreased from 10 days of the research. The number of T-helper lymphocytes in the blood of the experimental group of bulls under cadmium loading is probably reduced by 15, 20 and 30 days of testing. A probable increase in the number of T-suppressors was noted in the bull's blood of the experimental group on the 20th day of the research. Immunoglobulins of different classes are crucial among bull’s serum proteins under cadmium loading. The concentration of immunoglobulins in the blood under cadmium load decreased by 15.9 % relative to the control group on the 20th day of analysis.

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