scholarly journals Scaling Up Delivery of Biofortified Staple Food Crops Globally: Paths to Nourishing Millions

2021 ◽  
pp. 037957212098250
Author(s):  
Jennifer K. Foley ◽  
Kristina D. Michaux ◽  
Bho Mudyahoto ◽  
Laira Kyazike ◽  
Binu Cherian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Seed Systems ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Public And Private Sector

Background: Micronutrient deficiencies affect over one quarter of the world’s population. Biofortification is an evidence-based nutrition strategy that addresses some of the most common and preventable global micronutrient gaps and can help improve the health of millions of people. Since 2013, HarvestPlus and a consortium of collaborators have made impressive progress in the enrichment of staple crops with essential micronutrients through conventional plant breeding. Objective: To review and highlight lessons learned from multiple large-scale delivery strategies used by HarvestPlus to scale up biofortification across different country and crop contexts. Results: India has strong public and private sector pearl millet breeding programs and a robust commercial seed sector. To scale-up pearl millet, HarvestPlus established partnerships with public and private seed companies, which facilitated the rapid commercialization of products and engagement of farmers in delivery activities. In Nigeria, HarvestPlus stimulated the initial acceptance and popularization of vitamin A cassava using a host of creative approaches, including “crowding in” delivery partners, innovative promotional programs, and development of intermediate raw material for industry and novel food products. In Uganda, orange sweet potato (OSP) is a traditional subsistence crop. Due to this, and the lack of formal seed systems and markets, HarvestPlus established a network of partnerships with community-based nongovernmental organizations and vine multipliers to popularize and scale-up delivery of OSP. Conclusions: Impact of biofortification ultimately depends on the development of sustainable markets for biofortified seeds and products. Results illustrate the need for context-specific, innovative solutions to promote widespread adoption.

scholarly journals A qualitative exploration of doctors and nurses experiences on the management of tuberculosis and HIV co-infection in a tuberculosis-HIV high burden community in northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mbuso Mabuza ◽  
Constance Shumba
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
High Burden ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
Doctors And Nurses

South Africa is faced with a huge challenge of addressing the high burden of tuberculosis-human immune virus (TBHIV) co-infection, and this challenge is more pronounced in the province of KwaZulu-Natal which has one of the highest burdens of TB-HIV co-infection in the world. The study explored the experiences of doctors and nurses with regard to the management of tuberculosis and HIV coinfection in a TB-HIV high burden community in northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The particular focus was to provide insight and to inform policy and programme development for effective management of TB-HIV co-infection in the TB-HIV high burden community of northern KwaZulu- Natal. An interpretivist exploratory qualitative approach was employed through individual semi-structured interviews of 16 participants comprising eight doctors and eight nurses, with a total interview time of 8.95 hours. Purposive sampling was used to select the doctors and nurses from the public and private sector of the TB-HIV high burden community of northern KwaZulu- Natal. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Five key themes emerged from this study and these themes were discussed together with the sub-themes based on the various participant responses. The five key themes were practical experience about the management of TB-HIV co-infection; access to information and training on the management of TB-HIV co-infection; challenges and concerns about the management of TB-HIV co-infection; perception about local beliefs; and knowledge of policies and guidelines. Overall, this study highlights barriers that hamper the effective management of TB-HIV co-infection in northern KwaZulu-Natal. Recommendations of this study point towards an urgent need to scale up the management of TB-HIV co-infection through effective policies, improved capacity and infrastructure, stronger partnerships of all stakeholders, and further research.

The Intersection of Data Analytics and Data-Driven Innovation

2020 ◽  
pp. 317-343
Author(s):  
Marcus Tanque ◽  
Harry J. Foxwell
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Managerial Practices ◽  
Project Completion ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Private Sector Organizations ◽  
Public And Private Sector

This chapter discusses businesses, key technology implementations, case studies, limitations, and trends. It also presents recommendations to improve data analysis, data-driven innovation, and big data project implementation. Small-to-large-scale project inefficiencies present unique challenges to both public and private sector institutions and their management. Data analytics management, data-driven innovation, and related project initiatives have grown in scope, scale, and frequency. This evolution is due to continued technological advances in analytical methods and computing technologies. Most public and private sector organizations do not deliver on project benefits and results. Many organizational and managerial practices emphasize these technical limitations. Specialized human and technical resources are essential for an organization's effective project completion. Functional and practical areas affecting analytics domain and ability requirements, stakeholder expectations, solution infrastructure choices, legal and ethical concerns will also be discussed in this chapter.

scholarly journals Spread, Scale-up, and Sustainability of Video Consulting in Health Care: Systematic Review and Synthesis Guided by the NASSS Framework

10.2196/23775 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. e23775
Author(s):  
Hannah M James ◽  
Chrysanthi Papoutsi ◽  
Joseph Wherton ◽  
Trisha Greenhalgh ◽  
Sara E Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Reimbursement Mechanisms ◽  
Over Time

Background COVID-19 has thrust video consulting into the limelight, as health care practitioners worldwide shift to delivering care remotely. Evidence suggests that video consulting is acceptable, safe, and effective in selected conditions and settings. However, research to date has mostly focused on initial adoption, with limited consideration of how video consulting can be mainstreamed and sustained. Objective This study sought to do the following: (1) review and synthesize reported opportunities, challenges, and lessons learned in the scale-up, spread, and sustainability of video consultations, and (2) identify transferable insights that can inform policy and practice. Methods We identified papers through systematic searches in PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science. Included articles reported on synchronous, video-based consultations that had spread to more than one setting beyond an initial pilot or feasibility stage, and were published since 2010. We used the Nonadoption, Abandonment, and challenges to the Scale-up, Spread, and Sustainability (NASSS) framework to synthesize findings relating to 7 domains: an understanding of the health condition(s) for which video consultations were being used, the material properties of the technological platform and relevant peripherals, the value proposition for patients and developers, the role of the adopter system, organizational factors, wider macro-level considerations, and emergence over time. Results We identified 13 papers describing 10 different video consultation services in 6 regions, covering the following: (1) video-to-home services, connecting providers directly to the patient; (2) hub-and-spoke models, connecting a provider at a central hub to a patient at a rural center; and (3) large-scale top-down evaluations scaled up or spread across a national health administration. Services covered rehabilitation, geriatrics, cancer surgery, diabetes, and mental health, as well as general specialist care and primary care. Potential enablers of spread and scale-up included embedded leadership and the presence of a telehealth champion, appropriate reimbursement mechanisms, user-friendly technology, pre-existing staff relationships, and adaptation (of technology and services) over time. Challenges tended to be related to service development, such as the absence of a long-term strategic plan, resistance to change, cost and reimbursement issues, and the technical experience of staff. There was limited articulation of the challenges to scale-up and spread of video consultations. This was combined with a lack of theorization, with papers tending to view spread and scale-up as the sum of multiple technical implementations, rather than theorizing the distinct processes required to achieve widespread adoption. Conclusions There remains a significant lack of evidence that can support the spread and scale-up of video consulting. Given the recent pace of change due to COVID-19, a more definitive evidence base is urgently needed to support global efforts and match enthusiasm for extending use.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Renewable Energy Investments from Public Financial Institutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
Dominika Čeryová ◽  
Jana Ladvenicová ◽  
Zuzana Bajusová
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Export Credit ◽  
Energy Investment ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Renewable Power ◽  
Public Money ◽  
Public And Private Sector

Abstract Renewable energy sources have become a compelling investment proposition, and investment into renewable power has grown in the recent years. Scale up renewable energy investment is critical to accelerate the global energy transformation and reap its many benefits, while achieving climate and development targets. Public finance institutions provide public money to support public and private sector projects as well as policies and programmes that serve the public good with economic, environmental, or social benefits. Several such institutions have been established and resourced with the aim of supporting renewable energy investments such as: international financial institutions, development finance institutions, local financial institutions, export credit agencies, and climate finance institutions. The main aim of this paper was to analyze the investments provided by this type of institutions in the renewable energy sector in the world with a specific focus on European Union member states in 2009–2016.

Mainstreaming Intermodal Freight into the Metropolitan Transportation Planning Process

1998 ◽  
Vol 1613 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Zavattero ◽  
F. Gerald Rawling ◽  
Daniel F. Rice
Keyword(s):  
Transportation Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
System Level ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Intermodal Freight ◽  
Public And Private Sector

The Chicago Area Transportation Study (CATS), as a metropolitan planning organization, developed an approach to integrate intermodal freight transportation into regional plans and programs. This process began with the establishment of the Intermodal Advisory Task Force (IATF) in 1994 and led to a series of freight-oriented activities and products, including the identification of regionally significant facilities, analysis of improvement needs, and the intermodal component of the 2020 Regional Transportation Plan (RTP) for northeastern Illinois. Task Force membership includes public- and private-sector representatives working cooperatively to develop and direct a work plan to address goods movement and inter-modal freight issues and needs. The intermodal planning process involved significant preparatory work. The IATF established four working groups that directed specific tasks, including development of a geographic information system–based intermodal facilities inventory, an outreach for industry needs, a review of proposed intermodal improvements, identification and analysis of intermodal connections to the national highway system, and analysis to estimate the economic value of the industry to the region. Ultimately, six policy statements were developed and incorporated as system-level intermodal recommendations in the RTP. The process developed by CATS through the IATF has “mainstreamed” intermodal freight issues, analysis, and policies into the transportation plans and programs of northeastern Illinois. Although the scale of the intermodal and freight industry in Chicago is enormous, the lessons learned and the technical and institutional approaches developed through the IATF offer valuable insight and direction to other regions seeking to support their intermodal freight industry through the transportation planning process.

A Study On Role Of Union Budget On Banking Fund Flows

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (9) ◽  
pp. 201-208
Author(s):  
Dr. P Alekhya ◽  
P Samyukta
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Fund Flows ◽  
Linear Regression Method ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Funds Allocation ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
Relationship Of

Dr. P Alekhya1, P Samyukta2, The center target of this examination is to dissect the effect of association spending plan on chosen open and private bank part reserve streams by inspecting the budget reports of five noteworthy Public and private area banks during 2008 to 2017. The proficiency of banking division is viewed as most significant for financial development, money related arrangement usage and large scale monetary soundness. From the previous couple of years, premium spread of banking area is ascending in India. In this paper the relationship of association spending reserves   allocation with selected banks fund flows. Pearson correlation, Multi-regression, Linear regression method is used in this study. As a result it is found that there is positive correlation between union budget funds allocation with public and private sector banks. It found the linear regression that public and Private Banks are having negative influence on fiscal deficit.  

Health Product Manufacturers and Innovators COVID-19 Impact Assessment: Lessons Learned and Compelling Needs

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathai Mammen ◽  
◽  
Vas Narasimhan ◽  
Richard Kuntz ◽  
Freda Lewis-Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Transformational Change ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Health Product ◽  
Science Data ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Care System

United States health care spending consumes nearly a fifth of the GDP [1]. While, in many respects, the U.S. health care system is enviable and highly innovative, it is also characterized by elements of ineffectiveness, inefficiency, and inequity. These aspects, resulting from pre-existing vulnerabilities within the system and interactions between the various stakeholders, were acutely highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic. As health product manufacturers and innovators (HPMI) took steps to mitigate the immediate crisis and simultaneously begin to develop a longer-term sustainable solution, six common themes arose as areas for transformational change: support for science, data sharing, supply chain resiliency, stockpiling, and surge capacity, regulatory and reimbursement clarity and flexibility, public- and private-sector coordination and communication, and minimizing substandard care offerings. Within these categories, the authors of this paper suggest policy priorities to increase the effectiveness, efficiency, and equity of the HPMI sector and writ large across the U.S. health care system. These priorities call for increased scientific funding to diversify the pipeline for research and development, strengthening the nation’s public health infrastructure, building and maintaining “ever warm” manufacturing capacity and related stockpiles, instituting efficient and effective regulatory and reimbursement frameworks that promote innovation and creativity, devising structures and processes that enable more efficient collaboration and more effective communication to the public, and implementing rewards that incentivize desired behaviors among stakeholders. This assessment draws from the collective experience of the authors to provide a perspective for the diagnostics, hospital supplies and equipment, medical devices, therapeutics, and vaccines segments. While the authors of this paper agree on a common set of key policies, sub-sector-specific nuances are important to consider when putting any action priority into effect. With thoughtful implementation, these policies will enable a quicker, more robust response to future pandemics and enhance the overall performance of the U.S. health care system.

scholarly journals Are there negative consequences of workforce diversity? Investigating the effect of group faultlines on turnover and organizational performance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Krug ◽  
Jens Stegmaier ◽  
Antje Buche
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Workforce Diversity ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
The Impact

There is strong empirical evidence that workforce diversity is beneficial for organizations. The theoretical concept of faultlines stresses, however, that diversity can also have negative consequences. This is the case when the sub-groups differ not just with regard to one characteristic but with regard to several characteristics simultaneously. This paper is the first to examine the negative consequences of faultlines with large-scale data on organizations in the public and private sector. Fixed-effects regressions are used to investigate the impact of functional (working time, tenure, qualification) and demographic (age, gender, nationality) faultlines on turnover and organizational performance. We also consider the interaction between firm size and faultlines. Regarding turnover, we do not find the expected negative effects of demographic and only limited evidence for functional faultlines. The effects of demographic faultlines on performance, in turn, are negative for small organizations and become positive for organizations with more than 10 members.

Lost in the diffusion chasm: Lessons learned from a failed robot project in the public sector

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Jon Aaen ◽  
Jeppe Agger Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Service Robot ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Problem Solution ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Public Sector Organization ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
High Degree

Public sector organizations increasingly engage in robotic innovation projects to assist or substitute for humans in service delivery. However, transitioning small-scale development projects into a large-scale context is a notoriously difficult task that often fails, with many promising robotic projects becoming lost in the diffusion “chasm.” We investigate a failed robotic diffusion project to analyze what went wrong and what can be learned from it. Despite an increased interest in learning from public sector digitalization failure, little attention has been paid to how and why seemingly successful service robot initiatives fail to move beyond the pilot stage. We identify three types of explanations for diffusion failure using an in-depth case study of a service robot initiative in the Danish eldercare sector that had a high degree of management support and commitment from key stakeholders. Our analysis demonstrates how the failure was caused by interrelated and context-specific reasons regarding the lack of technological maturity of the service robot (technology-oriented explanations), inadequate problem-solution fit in the conceptual design (scope-oriented explanations), and misalignment between the robot company and public sector organization mindsets (competing logic-oriented explanations). We outline the lessons learned for public sector digitalization and discuss the paradox between the hype surrounding robot innovations and their slow diffusion.

BTR Ltd., Rampur, U P

1988 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-63
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
State Level ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
Is Research ◽  
Public And Private Sector

BTR, a manufacturer of turpentine oil and rosin, is a member of a consortium of eight state-level public sector units in Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh and Jammu & Kashmir. The Consortium fixes uniform selling prices for the members' output�rosin and turpentine oil. BTR's competitors are public and private sector units and importers of rosin. Supply and prices of resin, the main raw material, are regulated by each state government based on availability and cost of collection, which vary considerably. The managing director of BTR wonders whether BTR should continue its membership of the Consortium. The case raises many other issues: what objectives can and should the Consortium serve? what are the objectives served by the regulatory policies of the state governments? Will getting out of the Consortium help achieve BTR or state government objectives? Gurdev Singh is Associate Professor and S R Asokan is Research Assistant at the Centre for Management in Agriculture, Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad.

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