Pathogenic characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from arthroplasty infections

2020 ◽  
pp. 039139882094887
Author(s):  
Peng Chen ◽  
Fengjun Sun ◽  
Wei Feng ◽  
Hai Hong ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Great Ability ◽  
Adhesion Ability

Background: Staphylococcus aureus has a great ability to form biofilms on implant-related biomaterials. This study aimed to investigate the resistance, biofilm and molecular characteristics of S. aureus strains isolated from patients with postoperative infections after arthroplasty in two Chinese tertiary care hospitals during 2017 to 2018. Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the agar dilution method. Bacterial biofilm formation was determined by crystal violet staining. The genes related to biofilm formation and molecular typing were analyzed by PCR amplification. Results: A total of 33 isolates were collected, 21 of which were from Henan. The strains were completely sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid, and nitrofurantoin. All the isolates had adhesion ability and could produce biofilms. Of the isolates, 75.0% from Chongqing and 85.7% from Henan had stronger biofilm formation abilities. The strains from Henan had slightly higher resistance, adhesion and biofilm-forming abilities than those from Chongqing. The strains in both hospitals carried at least two genes related to biofilm formation, and the ica and fnb genes were the most frequently detected genes. Three SCC mec types and seven sequence types (STs) were found in Henan, and two SCC mec types and six STs were found in Chongqing. ST239-SCC mec III was the main epidemic clone in the two hospitals. Conclusion: The resistance phenotype and molecular characteristics of S. aureus strains varied in different hospitals. The results reflect the potential risks of S. aureus infection in postoperative arthroplasty patients. Our study provides a powerful basis for the clinical treatment, infection control and monitoring of outbreaks of epidemic strains.

scholarly journals Emergence of Vancomycin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus during Hospital Admission at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahana Khanam ◽  
Jalaluddin Ashraful Haq ◽  
SM Shamsuzzaman ◽  
Md Motlabur Rahman ◽  
Kazi Zulfiquer Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Nasal Swab Sample ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

Background: Glycopeptides such as vancomycin are frequently the choice of antibiotics for the treatment of infections caused by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). For the last 7 years incidence of vancomycin intermediate S. aureus and vancomycin resistant S. aureus (VISA and VRSA respectively) has been increasing in various parts of the world.Objective: The present study was carried out to find out the presence of VISA and VRSA among isolated MRSA strains.Methodology: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology in Dhaka medical college during period of January 2010 to December 2011. All S. aureus isolates were screened to detect methicillin resistance and then all MRSA isolates were subjected for MIC testing against vancomycin and oxacillin by agar dilution method, disc diffusion testing and PCR for mecA and pvl genes detection.Result: A total 112 S. aureus were isolated from 500 nasal swab sample collected from adult patients who were admitted in various departments and wards in Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Among 38 MRSA strains out of 112 Staph aureus isolates 3(7.89%) strains were resistance to vancomycin of which 2(5.26%) strains had MIC > 256 mg/mL and one strain had MIC 256mg/mL. All vancomycin resistance strains had MIC of oxacillin > 256 mg/mL. All isolates possess mec-A gene.Conclusion: The present study reveals that emergence of VRSA upon admission at a tertiary care of hospital in Bangladesh. Continuous efforts should be made to prevent the spread and the emergence of VRSA by early detection of the resistant strains and using the proper infection control measures in the hospital setting.Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2016;3(1):11-16

Chitooligosaccharides as Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, Antihemolytic and Anti-Virulence Agent against Staphylococcus aureus

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 1223-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fazlurrahman Khan ◽  
Jang-Won Lee ◽  
Dung T.N. Pham ◽  
Young-Mog Kim
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Biofilm Inhibition

Background: Staphylococcus aureus nosocomial infections with a high mortality rate in human and animals have been reported to associate with bacterial biofilm formation, along with the secretion of numerous virulence factors. Therefore, the inhibition of biofilm formation and attenuation of virulence determinants are considered as a promising solution to combat the spread of S. aureus infections. Modern trends in antibiofilm therapies have opted for the active agents that are biocompatible, biodegradable, non-toxic and cost-effective. Owning the aforementioned properties, chitosan, a natural N-acetylated carbohydrate biopolymer derived from chitin, has been favorably employed. Recently, the chitosan structure has been chemically modified into Chitooligosaccharides (COS) to overcome its limited solubility in water, thus widening chitosan applications in modern antibiofilm research. In the present study, we have investigated the antibacterial, antibiofilm and anti-virulence activities against S. aureus of COS of different molecular weights dissolved in neutral water. Methods: The study of bactericidal activity was performed using the micro-dilution method while the biofilm inhibition assay was performed using crystal-violet staining method and confirmed by scanning electron microscopic analysis. The inhibition of amyloid protein production was confirmed by Congo Red staining. Results: Results showed that low molecular weight COS exhibited bactericidal activity and reduced the bacterial amylogenesis, hemolytic activity as well as H2O2 resistance properties, while slightly inhibiting biofilm formation. The present study provides a new insight for further applications of the water-soluble COS as a safe and cost-effective drug for the treatment of S. aureus biofilm-associated infections. Conclusion: Reducing the molecular weight of chitosan in the form of COS has become an effective strategy to maintain chitosan biological activity while improving its water solubility. The low molecular weight COS investigated in this study have effectively performed antibacterial, antibiofilm and antivirulence properties against S. aureus.

scholarly journals The study of reduced susceptibility of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus to various antibiotics with special reference to glycopeptides in a tertiary care hospital in central India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1426
Author(s):  
Swati S. Kale ◽  
Ashwini Patil
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Agar Dilution

Background: Staphylococcus aureus has emerged over the past several decades as a leading cause of hospital-associated and community acquired infections. Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), which are often resistant to several classes of antibiotics, is the most common cause of nosocomial infections and pose a great threat to the world. Vancomycin is regarded as the first-line drug for treatment of MRSA but resistance to this drug is being reported now a day.Methods: It was carried out for a period between January 2014 to June 2017 in the microbiology diagnostic laboratory. MRSA detection was performed by cefoxitin disk diffusion method. Screening for the vancomycin intermediate and the vancomycin resistant S. aureus (VISA and VRSA respectively) was carried out by using vancomycin screen. MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of vancomycin was tested by agar dilution method and E strip on all MRSA isolates.Results: A total of 287 S. aureus clinical isolates were included in the study. All MRSA were inoculated on vancomycin screen agar. Visible growth was present in 8 isolates. Five (3.73%) MRSA isolates with MIC of 4 were termed VISA (vancomycin intermediate S. aureus) by agar dilution method. Six isolates had the MIC of 4 and were termed as VISA.Conclusions: As disc diffusion method is not recommended by CLSI for S. aureus, vancomycin screen agar and MIC determination by either of the methods viz. agar dilution or E test can be used.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of honeys from two stingless honeybee species and Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) against pathogenic microorganisms

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolinie Batista Nobre da Cruz ◽  
Fabio Alessandro Pieri ◽  
Gislene Almeida Carvalho-Zilse ◽  
Patrícia Puccinelli Orlandi ◽  
Carlos Gustavo Nunes-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Amazonas State

Honeys are described possessing different properties including antimicrobial. Many studies have presented this activity of honeys produced by Apis mellifera bees, however studies including activities of stingless bees honeys are scarce. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of honeys collected in the Amazonas State from Melipona compressipes, Melipona seminigra and Apis mellifera against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Chromobacterium violaceum, and Candida albicans. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined using the agar dilution method with Müller-Hinton agar (for bacteria) or Saboraud agar (for yeast). Staphylococcus aureus and E. faecalis were inhibited by all honeys at concentrations below 12%, while E. coli and C. violaceum were inhibited by stingless bee honeys at concentrations between 10 and 20%. A. mellifera honey inhibited E. coli at a concentration of 7% and Candida violaceum at 0.7%. C. albicans were inhibited only with honey concentrations between 30 and 40%. All examined honey had antimicrobial activity against the tested pathogens, thus serving as potential antimicrobial agents for several therapeutic approaches.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION AND DETECTION OF BIOFILM PRODUCING STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AND ITS ANTIBIOGRAM ACTIVITIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 150-156
Author(s):  
SAPANA SHARMA ◽  
UPASHANA BHANDARI ◽  
YOGESH OLI ◽  
GANESH BHANDARI ◽  
SUNITA BISTA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Almost All

Objectives: The main aim of this work is to determine the antibiogram profile of biofilm-producing Staphylococcus aureus from various clinical specimens of the patients. Methods: Various bacterial cultures of non-repeated clinical specimens from a total of 3388 patients were determined using standard microbiological and biochemical methods. Results: Out of 3388 only 604 (17.02%) displayed growth positive. A total of 65 (51.58%) S. aureus isolates were recovered, 25 (38.46%) were identified as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) by Cefoxitin (30 μg) disk diffusion technique, of which majority were from pus/wound swab 22 (37.29%). The antibiogram of the isolates was analyzed by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique analyzing Linezolid to be the most effective drug with susceptibility of 100% to both MRSA and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus, followed by vancomycin, tigecycline, and tetracycline. In vitro biofilm production by tissue culture plate (TCP) and Congo red agar method detected 52 (80%) and 25 (38.46%) as biofilm producers, respectively. TCP identified 2 (3.07%), 7 (10.76%), and 44 (67.69%) as strongly, moderately, and weakly adherent. About 30.7% of MRSA obtained were positive biofilm producers. The minimum inhibitory concentration value of Oxacillin for S. aureus by agar dilution method ranged from 0.025 μg/mL to 128 μg/mL. Conclusion: This study shows that biofilm production was more in methicillin-resistant strains and displayed a high degree of resistance to almost all groups of antibiotics.

scholarly journals Microbial Warfare on Three Fronts: Mixed Biofilm of Aspergillus fumigatus and Staphylococcus aureus on Primary Cultures of Human Limbo-Corneal Fibroblasts

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrián Ramírez-Granillo ◽  
Luis Antonio Bautista-Hernández ◽  
Víctor Manuel Bautista-De Lucío ◽  
Fátima Sofía Magaña-Guerrero ◽  
Alfredo Domínguez-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Fibroblast Culture ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Corneal Fibroblast ◽  
Corneal Fibroblasts ◽  
Fibroblast Monolayer

BackgroundCoinfections with fungi and bacteria in ocular pathologies are increasing at an alarming rate. Two of the main etiologic agents of infections on the corneal surface, such as Aspergillus fumigatus and Staphylococcus aureus, can form a biofilm. However, mixed fungal–bacterial biofilms are rarely reported in ocular infections. The implementation of cell cultures as a study model related to biofilm microbial keratitis will allow understanding the pathogenesis in the cornea. The cornea maintains a pathogen-free ocular surface in which human limbo-corneal fibroblast cells are part of its cell regeneration process. There are no reports of biofilm formation assays on limbo-corneal fibroblasts, as well as their behavior with a polymicrobial infection.ObjectiveTo determine the capacity of biofilm formation during this fungal–bacterial interaction on primary limbo-corneal fibroblast monolayers.ResultsThe biofilm on the limbo-corneal fibroblast culture was analyzed by assessing biomass production and determining metabolic activity. Furthermore, the mixed biofilm effect on this cell culture was observed with several microscopy techniques. The single and mixed biofilm was higher on the limbo-corneal fibroblast monolayer than on abiotic surfaces. The A. fumigatus biofilm on the human limbo-corneal fibroblast culture showed a considerable decrease compared to the S. aureus biofilm on the limbo-corneal fibroblast monolayer. Moreover, the mixed biofilm had a lower density than that of the single biofilm. Antibiosis between A. fumigatus and S. aureus persisted during the challenge to limbo-corneal fibroblasts, but it seems that the fungus was more effectively inhibited.ConclusionThis is the first report of mixed fungal–bacterial biofilm production and morphological characterization on the limbo-corneal fibroblast monolayer. Three antibiosis behaviors were observed between fungi, bacteria, and limbo-corneal fibroblasts. The mycophagy effect over A. fumigatus by S. aureus was exacerbated on the limbo-corneal fibroblast monolayer. During fungal–bacterial interactions, it appears that limbo-corneal fibroblasts showed some phagocytic activity, demonstrating tripartite relationships during coinfection.

scholarly journals Characterization of Clinical Isolates ofEnterococciwith Special Reference to Glycopeptide Susceptibility at a Tertiary Care Center of Eastern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aasish Karna ◽  
Ratna Baral ◽  
Basudha Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Agar Dilution

Background. Enterococci, once considered as a harmless commensal of intestine, have now emerged as medically important pathogens and are associated with both community-acquired and nosocomial infections. They bear the potential to exhibit resistance against all commonly used antibiotics either by inherent or acquired mechanism, posing a therapeutic challenge.Objectives. This study aimed to characterize enterococci up to the species level and study their antibiogram with special regard to vancomycin.Methods. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal, from February to May 2017. A total of 91 enterococcal isolates recovered from clinical specimens were investigated in this study. Their identification and speciation were done according to standard microbiological guidelines. Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion technique was used to study antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, whereas minimum inhibitory concentration of vancomycin was determined by the agar dilution method, with reference to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.Results. Seven different species of enterococci were isolated,E. faecalisandE. faeciumaccounting about 45% each. The other species encountered wereE.avium,E.cecorum,E.dispar,E.durans, andE.raffinosus. Highest proportion of antimicrobial susceptibility was recorded for linezolid (97.8%), followed by teicoplanin (95.6%) and high-level gentamicin (81.3%). Sensitivity to vancomycin was seen in 79.1% isolates. Likewise, 82.1% of urinary strains were susceptible to nitrofurantoin. A total of 4 disparities were observed between the disc diffusion technique and agar dilution method in determining vancomycin resistance. Multidrug resistance was observed in 31.9% isolates. The overall prevalence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci based on the standard minimum inhibitory concentration method was 25.3%.Conclusions.Enterococcus faecalisandE. faeciumwere the predominant species in causing enterococcal infections. The alarming rise in prevalence of vancomycin and multidrug resistance strains warrants immediate, adequate, and efficient surveillance program to prevent and control its spread.

scholarly journals Virulence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus modulated by the YycFG two-component pathway in a rat model of osteomyelitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shizhou Wu ◽  
Yunjie Liu ◽  
Lei Lei ◽  
Hui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Invasive Ability ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Mrsa Strains

Abstract Objectives Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains present an urgent medical problem in osteomyelitis cases. Our previous study indicated that the YycFG two-component regulatory pathway is associated with the bacterial biofilm organization of MRSA strains. The aim of this study was to investigate the regulatory roles of ASyycG in the bacterial biofilm formation and the pathogenicity of MRSA strains using an antisense RNA strategy. Methods An ASyycG-overexpressing MRSA clinical isolate was constructed. The bacterial growth was monitored, and the biofilm biomass on bone specimens was examined using scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Furthermore, quantitative RT-PCR (QRT-PCR) analysis was used to measure the expression of yycF/G/H and icaA/D in the MRSA and ASyycG strains. The expression of the YycG protein was quantified by Western blot assays. We validated the role of ASyycG in the invasive ability and pathogenicity of the strains in vivo using histology and peptide nucleic acid fluorescent in situ hybridization. Results The results showed that overexpression of ASyycG lead to a reduction in biofilm formation and exopolysaccharide (EPS) synthesis compared to the control MRSA strains. The ASyycG strains exhibited decreased expression of the yycF/G/H and icaA/D genes. Furthermore, Western blot data showed that the production of the YycG protein was inhibited in the ASyycG strains. In addition, we demonstrated that ASyycG suppressed the invasive ability and pathogenicity of the strain in vivo using an SPF (specific pathogen free) rat model. Conclusion In summary, the overexpression of ASyycG leads to a reduction in biofilm formation and bacterial pathogenicity in vivo, which provides a potential target for the management of MRSA-induced osteomyelitis.

Effect of vancomycin-coated tympanostomy tubes on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation: in vitro study

2010 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 594-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
C H Jang ◽  
H Park ◽  
Y B Cho ◽  
C H Choi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Silver Oxide ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
Tympanostomy Tube ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Tympanostomy Tubes

AbstractBackground and objective:Bacterial biofilm formation has been implicated in the high incidence of persistent otorrhoea after tympanostomy tube insertion. It has been suggested that the tube material may be an important factor in the persistence of such otorrhoea. Development of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus otorrhoea after tympanostomy tube placement is a growing concern. We evaluated the effect of using vancomycin and chitosan coated tympanostomy tubes on the incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation in vitro.Materials and methods:Three sets each of vancomycin-coated silicone tubes (n = 5), commercial silver oxide coated silicone tubes (n = 5) and uncoated tympanostomy tubes (as controls; n = 5) were compared as regards resistance to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation after in vitro incubation.Results:Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surfaces of the silver oxide coated tubes supported the formation of thick biofilms with crusts, comparable to the appearance of the uncoated tubes. In contrast, the surface of the vancomycin-coated tympanostomy tubes was virtually devoid of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm.Conclusion:Vancomycin-coated tympanostomy tubes resist methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation. Pending further study, such tubes show promise in assisting the control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation.

scholarly journals In VitroActivities of Tedizolid and Linezolid against Gram-Positive Cocci Associated with Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections and Pneumonia

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 6262-6265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ko-Hung Chen ◽  
Yu-Tsung Huang ◽  
Chun-Hsing Liao ◽  
Wang-Hui Sheng ◽  
Po-Ren Hsueh
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Skin Structure ◽  
Streptococcus Anginosus ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

ABSTRACTTedizolid is a novel, expanded-spectrum oxazolidinone with potent activity against a wide range of Gram-positive pathogens. A total of 425 isolates of Gram-positive bacteria were obtained consecutively from patients with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs) or pneumonia. These isolates included methicillin-susceptibleStaphylococcus aureus(MSSA) (n= 100), methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) (n= 100),Streptococcus pyogenes(n= 50),Streptococcus agalactiae(n= 50),Streptococcus anginosusgroup (n= 75),Enterococcus faecalis(n= 50), and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) (Enterococcus faecium) (n= 50). The MICs of tedizolid and linezolid were determined by the agar dilution method. Tedizolid exhibited betterin vitroactivities than linezolid against MSSA (MIC90s, 0.5 versus 2 μg/ml), MRSA (MIC90s, 0.5 versus 2 μg/ml),S. pyogenes(MIC90s, 0.5 versus 2 μg/ml),S. agalactiae(MIC90s, 0.5 versus 2 μg/ml),Streptococcus anginosusgroup (MIC90s, 0.5 versus 2 μg/ml),E. faecalis(MIC90s, 0.5 versus 2 μg/ml), and VRE (MIC90s, 0.5 versus 2 μg/ml). The tedizolid MICs againstE. faecalis(n= 3) and VRE (n= 2) intermediate to linezolid (MICs, 4 μg/ml) were 1 μg/ml and 0.5 μg/ml, respectively. The tedizolid MIC90s against S. anginosus,S. constellatus, andS. intermediuswere 0.5, 1, and 0.5 μg/ml, respectively, and the rates of susceptibility based on the U.S. FDA MIC interpretive breakpoints to the isolates were 16%, 28%, and 72%, respectively. Tedizolid exhibited 2- to 4-fold betterin vitroactivities than linezolid against a variety of Gram-positive cocci associated with ABSSSIs and pneumonia. The lower susceptibilities of tedizolid against isolates ofS. anginosusandS. constellatusthan against those ofS. intermediusin Taiwan were noted.

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