Consumer Comprehension of the Nutrition Facts Label: A Comparison of the Original and Updated Labels

2020 ◽  
pp. 089011712098312
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Jiyoon Kim ◽  
Brenna Ellison ◽  
Melissa Pflugh Prescott ◽  
Rodolfo M. Nayga
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Label Condition ◽  
Single Column ◽  
Original Label ◽  
Dual Column

Purpose: Compare consumers’ overall label comprehension of the original Nutrition Facts (NF) label with the updated label. Design: Online survey conducted in 2019. Participants randomly assigned to original label, updated-single column, or updated-dual column labeling condition and asked to complete a series of label comprehension questions. Setting: Online survey; participants recruited through Prolific. Sample: N = 992 U.S. adults. Sample similar to U.S. population in terms of sex (49.2% female), race (73.3% White/Caucasian), and household size (mean = 2.7 members). However, sample was younger (median age: 29.0), more educated (98.8% high school graduate or higher), and exhibited a lower rate of obesity (22.6% obese) than the U.S. population. Measures: Dependent variables: objective (% correct) NF label comprehension. Independent variables: label condition, nutrition knowledge, and socio-demographic variables. Analysis: Regression analysis assessed relationships between label condition and label comprehension. Significance level of 5% used for analyses. Results: Average score for objective comprehension was 81.4%. The updates did not significantly improve label comprehension. Participants in the updated NF label conditions had trouble answering questions related to total and added sugars. Conclusions: Results suggest consumers may struggle to correctly utilize information on the updated NF label, specifically total and added sugars. Consumers may benefit from educational opportunities on using the new label.

scholarly journals Quality of Life of Brazilian Vegetarians Measured by the WHOQOL-BREF: Influence of Type of Diet, Motivation and Sociodemographic Data

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2648
Author(s):  
Shila Minari Hargreaves ◽  
Eduardo Yoshio Nakano ◽  
Heesup Han ◽  
António Raposo ◽  
Antonio Ariza-Montes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
The Other ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Domain 3 ◽  
Domain 4

This study aimed to evaluate the general quality of life (QoL) of Brazilian vegetarians. A cross-sectional study was conducted with Brazilian vegetarian adults (18 years old and above). Individuals were recruited to participate in a nationwide online survey that comprised the WHOQOL-BREF as well as sociodemographic and characterization questions related to vegetarianism. The WHOQOL-BREF is composed of 24 items which are divided into four domains (domain 1: physical health; domain 2: psychological well-being; domain 3: social relationships; and domain 4: environment), plus two general items which were analyzed separately, totaling 26 items. The answers from the questionnaire were converted into scores with a 0–100 scale range, with separate analyses for each domain. Results were compared among groups based on the different characteristics of the vegetarian population. A total of 4375 individuals completed the survey. General average score results were 74.67 (domain 1), 66.71 (domain 2), 63.66 (domain 3) and 65.76 (domain 4). Vegans showed better scores when compared to the other vegetarians, except in domain four, where the statistical difference was observed only for semi-vegetarians (lower score). Individuals adopting a vegetarian diet for longer (>1 year) showed better results for domains one and two, with no difference for the other domains. Having close people also adopting a vegetarian diet positively influenced the results for all domains. On the other hand, it was not possible to distinguish any clear influence of the motivation for adopting a vegetarian diet on the scores’ results. Adopting a vegetarian diet does not have detrimental effects on one’s QoL. In fact, the more plant-based the diet, and the longer it was adopted, the better the results were.

scholarly journals The Influence of Friends on Teen Vaping: A Mixed-Methods Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6784
Author(s):  
Allison L. Groom ◽  
Thanh-Huyen T. Vu ◽  
Robyn L. Landry ◽  
Anshula Kesh ◽  
Joy L. Hart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Sources Of Information

Vaping is popular among adolescents. Previous research has explored sources of information and influence on youth vaping, including marketing, ads, family, peers, social media, and the internet. This research endeavors to expand understanding of peer influence. Our hypothesis is that friends’ influence on teen vapers’ first electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use varies by demographic variables and awareness of ENDS advertising. In August–October 2017, youth (n = 3174) aged 13–18 completed an online survey to quantify ENDS behaviors and attitudes and were invited to participate in follow-up online research in November-December 2017 to probe qualitative context around perceptions and motivations (n = 76). This analysis focused on the ENDS users, defined as having ever tried any ENDS product, from the survey (n = 1549) and the follow-up research (n = 39). Among survey respondents, friends were the most common source of vapers’ first ENDS product (60%). Most survey respondents tried their first ENDS product while “hanging out with friends” (54%). Among follow-up research participants, the theme of socializing was also prominent. ENDS advertising and marketing through social media had a strong association with friend networks; in fact, the odds of friends as source of the first vaping experience were 2 times higher for those who had seen ENDS ads on social media compared with other types of media. The influence of friends is particularly evident among non-Hispanic Whites, Hispanics/Latinos, those living in urban areas, those living in high-income households, those with higher self-esteem, and those who experiment with vaping. These findings support the premise that peer influence is a primary social influencer and reinforcer for vaping. Being included in a popular activity appears to be a strong driving force.

Examining drivers’ socio-demographic variables and perceptions towards sanction mechanisms on speeding behaviour on highways: targeting appropriate prevention

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Fitri Trapsilawati ◽  
Nadhiya Ulhaq Priatna ◽  
Titis Wijayanto ◽  
Ari Widyanti ◽  
Utami Dyah Syafitri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Material Loss ◽  
Legal Sanction ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Legal Sanctions ◽  
Prevention Programmes ◽  
Car Driving

Abstract Investigating the underlying predictors of speeding behaviour deserves the full attention of research. This study aims to examine the effects of demographic variables on the perceived deterrent mechanisms and to predict speeding behaviour to target appropriate prevention programmes. In this study, 212 randomly selected drivers having a valid car driving licence participated in an online survey. The results revealed that demographic variables influenced drivers’ perceptions towards social and legal sanctions as well as material loss. The model revealed that two sanction-related constructs, that is, legal sanction (b = −0⋅227, P = 0⋅007) and material loss (b = −0⋅218, P = 0⋅005), as well as lax perception towards traffic accident (b = −0⋅176, P = 0⋅025), were the significant predictors of speeding behaviour. These findings suggested that prevention programmes should prioritise young and single drivers. The most effective targeted prevention programmes are highlighted accordingly based on the study results.

scholarly journals Workplace nutrition habits in Slovenian small and middle sized enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Percic ◽  
M Stubelj
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Workplace Health ◽  
Nutritional Habits ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Habits

Abstract Background Premature death, chronic diseases, productivity loss and other social and economic concerns can be influenced by healthy lifestyle workplace promotion programs, including healthy nutrition habits. In Slovenia a project called >>STAR-VITAL-healthy ageing at workplace << has been going on since September 2017. Methods The survey results are based on an analysis of 805 respondents from 20 different small and middle sized enterprises in Slovenia. The survey was carried out via both a paper questionnaire and an online survey during the period from June 2019 to February 2020. The screening questionnaire was completed before interventions. We estimated the average score for the eight questions concerning nutritional habits. Results Nutritional habits are the following: 62% respondents eat three or more meals a day, 64% respondents eat vegetables each day, 59,8% respondents eat fruits each day, 31,9% respondents eat fish or see fruits at least once a week, 45,7% respondents eat whole wheats at least once a week, 54,1% respondents eat red meat not more than twice a week, 62,1% respondents eat fried food not more than three times a month and 79,1% respondents drink sweet drinks less than three times a week. The results on question >>What is the most common form of meal you eat while at work? << are the following: purchase meal at restaurant 45,3%, bring from home 32,7%, delivery/carry out 6,2%, do not eat 5,2%, other 4,7%, employer cafeteria 3,9% and vending machine 1,2%. Conclusions The results of our survey show that a significant percentage of the workers in Slovenia still has unhealthy nutritional habits. Assessment of nutritional habits before workplace promotion program interventions allow us to compare which combinations of interventions are the most effective. The results will indicate the strength and weakness of each intervention and how it could be improved. Key messages The population is growing old and chronic diseases increases, which is part of the bad nutritional habits. Healthy lifestile promotion is needed to improve quality of life. The workplace health promoting programs have been shown to be an efficient way of improving workerś health. Implementing promotional program of nutritional habits are proper for Slvenian enterprises.

PENGARUH KELAS IBU HAMIL TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP IBU TENTANG PEMERIKSAAN DAN PERAWATAN KEHAMILAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS BATAM TAHUN 2016

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
R.Oktaviance Simorangkir ◽  
Lilis Sumardiani
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Class Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Total Range

In the Working Area of Pancur Batu Puskesmas class, pregnant women begin to be implemented in 2016, but still found the low knowledge of pregnant women about the ideal pregnancy examination and there are pregnant women who show unimportant attitude checking pregnancy to health workers. Goals : The purpose of this research is to know the influence of maternal class on pregnant mother's knowledge and attitude about pregnancy examination and treatment. Methods : The study used a quantitative method with cross sectional design. The population of 151 pregnant women in Pancur Batu Community Health Center and 132 of them (63 pregnant women who had attended pregnant mother class and 69 pregnant women who never attended maternal class) were used as samples. Data analysis using independent t test at significance level α = 0,05. Result : The results showed the total range of knowledge scores of mothers who had followed the class of pregnant women is 7-13 with an average value of 10.08 ± 1.82, while the total range of scores of mothers who never follow the pregnant women's class is 1-9 with an average value 4,97,1,94. There is a maternal class effect on maternal knowledge of examination and treatment of pregnancy (p <3,82. There is a maternal class effect on maternal attitudes about examination and treatment of pregnancy (p3.13, while the total range of maternal scores that never follow the class of pregnant women is 27-47 with an average value of 35 , 410.001). The total score of attitudes of mothers who have attended the class of pregnant women is 41-56 with an average score of 48.24 <0.001). Conclution : It is expected that the Health Office to schedule Pancur Batu Puskesmas to carry out pregnant women's classes regularly and carried out 2 periods a year. Pancur Batu Puskesmas is expected to maintain the quality of pregnant women's classes and counseling invites all pregnant women to follow the class of pregnant women.

scholarly journals Kompetensi Keagamaan Mahasiswa Prodi PAI Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Keguruan UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya (Analisis Perbandingan Penerimaan Jalur SPAN, UM PTKIN dan Jalur Mandiri Tahun 2016)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
Sutikno Sutikno
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Training ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Education Teacher ◽  
Significance Levels ◽  
New Students ◽  
One Way Anova

<p><strong>Bahasa Indonesia:</strong></p><p>Realita menunjukkan bahwa ada sebagian mahasiswa Prodi PAI FTK UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya penguasaan kompetensi keagamaannya kurang memadai, terutama dalam baca tulis al-Qur’a&gt;n dan al-H}adi&gt;th, baik yang diterima melalui jalur SPAN, UM PTKIN maupun jalur Mandiri. Dengan demikian, timbul kekhawatiran atas kesenjangan antara masukan dan harapan keluaran Prodi PAI yang mencetak calon guru PAI yang profesional. Penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif ini menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi evaluatif. Hasil analisis menggunakan<em> One Way Anova</em> menunjukkan F<sub>hitung</sub> = 44,88 dan uji T dengan t<sub>hitung</sub> =  9,433. Apabila F<sub>hitung</sub> = 44,88 dikonfirmasi dengan nilai F<sub>tabel</sub>, baik menggunakan taraf signifikansi 5% dan 1%, maka F<sub>hitung</sub>&gt; F<sub>tabel </sub>(3,44 &lt; 44,88 &gt; 4,88). Apabila t<sub>hitung</sub> =  9,433 dikonfirmasi dengan nilai t<sub>tabel</sub>, baik menggunakan taraf signifikansi 5% dan 1%, maka t<sub>hitung</sub>&gt; t<sub>tabel </sub>(1,665 &lt; 9,433 &gt; 2,376), menunjukkan ada persamaan dan perbedaan yang signifikan kompetensi keagamaan mahasiswa Prodi PAI FTK UINSA, baik jalur SPAN, UM PTKIN maupun Mandiri. Persamaannya, <em>pertama</em> nilai rata-rata kompetensi keagamaan pada masing-masing jalur penerimaan terletak pada nilai A- s/d A (9,18 s/d 10,49); <em>kedua</em>, Studi H}adi&gt;th sebagai mata kuliah keagamaan dengan nilai terendah. Perbedaannya, nilai tertinggi jalur SPAN dan UM PTKIN ditempati oleh Aqidah Ilmu Kalam, sedangkan nilai tertinggi pada jalur mandiri ditempati oleh Fiqih Ibadah.</p><p> </p><p><strong>English:</strong></p><p>It is the fact that mastery of Islamic Religious Subjects by some new students at Islamic Education Department of UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya is not yet satisfying, especially in reading al-Qur'a&gt;n and al-H}adi&gt;th, by those admitted through SPAN, UM PTKIN or Jalur Mandiri (institutional test). Thus, there is an apprehension about quality disparity between the input and expected output of Islamic education teacher training program to result in professional teachers. This descriptive quantitative research uses an evaluative phenomenology approach. Based on the results of the analysis using One Way Anova, obtained F-count = 44,88 and T-test, which yield t-count = 9,433. If F-count= 44.88 is confirmed against F-table score, using both the 5% and 1% significance levels, then F-count &gt; F-table (3.44 &lt;44,88&gt; 4.88). If t-count = 9,433 is confirmed with t-table value, using 5% and 1% significance level, then t-count &gt; t-table (1,665 &lt;9,433&gt; 2,376), shows there are similarities and significant differences of religious competence of students of Islamic education teacher training of UINSA admitted through SPAN, UM PTKIN and Jalur Mandiri. The similarities is, <em>first</em>, the average score of religious competence in every entry test model lies in the A- and A (9.18 to 10.49); <em>second</em>, in average students experienced H}adi&gt;th studies in the training process with as the lowest grade. The <em>difference</em> is that the students admitted through the SPAN and UM PTKIN modes achieved high score in Aqidah Ilmu Kalam during the training, while those coming from Jalur Mandiri are strong in Fiqh Ibadah (Fiqih 1).</p>

scholarly journals Investigating Occupational Stress of Disaster and Emergency Medical Management Center 115 and the Role of Demographic Variables in Kermanshah, Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Pourmirza Kalhori ◽  
Parvin Abdi Gheshlaghi ◽  
Razie Toghroli ◽  
Vahid Hatami Garosi ◽  
Jaffar Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Emergency Medical

Abstract Background: The first and one of the most important chains of providing care to patients is pre-hospital emergency medical services. Personnel employed in this sector are at risk of occupational stress due to the nature of their job which can affect their health and quality of services provided to patients. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the occupational stress of the personnel of disaster and emergency medical management center 115 and the role of demographic variables in 2019.Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical study. 200 medical emergency personnel of Kermanshah province were selected through stratified sampling and according to inclusion criteria. A two-part questionnaire including demographic information and HSE standard questionnaire were used for collecting data. Finally, descriptive and inferential statistics (t-test and one-way ANOVA) were used for data analysis. Significance level was considered P<0.05. Results: The mean score of total occupational stress was 3.41±0.26. The highest and the lowest stress levels related to the role dimensions was calculated (4.34±0.35) and changes (2.72±0.86). There was a significant relationship between stress level with age, marital status, educational level, type of base of work place and hours of work per month, while there was no relationship between type of employment and work experience with stress level. Conclusion: Emergency medical personnel experience a high level of occupational stress. Senior managers can use the results of similar studies to think measures to reduce the experience of employees' stress.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Teams Games Tournament Berbasis Scramble terhadap Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Siswa SMA Kristen GPID Palu

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Sifra Bertin Mbosisi ◽  
Kasmudin Mustapa ◽  
Ratman Ratman
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
T Test ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Model Type ◽  
Motivation And Learning

This study aimed to determine the effect of the cooperative learning model type teams scramble tournament games based scramble on motivation and learning outcomes students SMA Kristen GPID Palu. The population in this study were all students of class X. The research sample was students (n = 25) of class Xa as a control class and students (n= 24) of class Xb as an experiment class. The testing of student’s learning outcomes data was using the statistical analysis t-test of the two parties and the testing of student’s' motivation using the questionnaire data used a descriptive analysis. The average score of student’s learning outcomes of the experiment class (X1) was 52.83 with a standard deviation of 11.97 and the control class (X2) was 48.12 with a standard deviation of 11.37. Based on the statistical analysis of the hypothesis by t-test two parties, it was obtained that –ttable ≤ tcalculation ³ +ttable (tcalculation = 2.09 and ttable = 2.02) with a significance level a = 0.05 and degrees of freedom = 47, then H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted, therefore it can be said that there is a difference in student’s learning outcomes using cooperative learning model type teams tournament games based scramble. The results of the data analysis of student motivation indicated that the percentage value for the experimental class was 83.4% and for the control class was 81.21% and both were on the agrees attitude with the positive category, so it can be concluded that there is an influence of the cooperative learning model type teams scramble tournament games based scramble on motivation and learning outcomes of students SMA Kristen GPID Palu.

scholarly journals SCAFFOLDED READING EXPERIENCE (SRE) IN TEACHING READING COMPREHENSION

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-74
Author(s):  
Herawati Unmura
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Teaching Reading ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Reading Experience ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Experimental Group

The scaffolded reading experience framework consists of a set of prereading, during-reading, and post-reading activities to use with any genre of text, including fiction and nonfiction. The aim of this study was the effectiveness of scaffolded reading experience in teaching reading comprehension to the students of Musi Rawas University? The method used in this research was quasi-experimental method. The population of this study was all of the students of Musi Rawas University. The sample of this study was students of accounting study progrom in first semester taken through convenience non random sampling. The data were collected through a written test. It was pre-test and post test. The data analyzed through t-test formula. From this study it was found that the students’ pre-test average score in the experimental group was 55 and in the control group was 53.91. Meanwhile the students’ post-test average score in the experimental group was 80 and the students’ average score in the control group was 75. In addition of t-obtained were 2.049 where the value of t-table was 1.684 at df 74 in significance level of 0.05 and with one-tailed testing. Since the value of t-obtained was higher than the critical value of the t-table (2.049>1.684), it can be concluded that, teaching reading comprehension by using scaffolded reading experience (SRE) to the students of Musi Rawas University was effective.

scholarly journals Leaders Inspiring the Next Generation of Citizen Scientists – An Analysis of the Predictors of Leadership in Birding

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Randler
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Field Trips ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Serious Leisure ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
The Social ◽  
University Degree

Citizen Science (CS) is a megatrend of the 21st century given its importance for nature conservation. CS projects dealing with birds often require knowledge and abilities to identify species. This knowledge is not easy to acquire and people often learn from leaders during field trips and lectures about birds. This emphasizes the need for leaders in ornithology. Although data of CS projects are increasing, less is known about people providing guidance and taking over leadership roles. In this study, leadership roles (leading field trips, giving lectures/presentations) are analyzed by studying demographic variables, birding specialization, and the social dimension of the involvement concept of serious leisure. Participants were recruited via many channels to cover a broad range of birdwatchers in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland who participated in the online survey. A total of 1,518 participants were men, 1,390 were women (mean age 47.7). Mean years of birding were on average 24.5. 845 persons lead at least one field trip, and 671 gave on lecture (in combination 991). Mean number of field trips led during the last 5 years was 13.43, mean number of presentations was 8.21. Persons that gave presentations also led field trips (Phi = 0.593, p &lt; 0.001). However, there are still people that preferred leading field trips over lecturing and vice versa. Men more than women took over leadership roles. A binary logistic regression showed an influence of age, gender, and university degree. Social relatedness was related to being a leader, also birding skill/competence as well as self-report behavior of birding were significant predictors for leadership roles. Years of birdwatching and both commitment scales were not significant. The data indicate that more diversity in leadership roles might be beneficial with more women and younger persons.

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