Aloe veramodulates X-ray induced hematological and splenic tissue damage in mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1195-1211
Author(s):  
S Bala ◽  
NA Chugh ◽  
SC Bansal ◽  
A Koul
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Splenic Tissue ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cell Counts

The present study was premeditated to examine the radioprotective effects of aqueous Aloe vera gel extract against whole-body X-ray irradiation–induced hematological alterations and splenic tissue injury in mice. Healthy male balb/c mice were divided into four groups: group 1, control; group 2, A. vera (50 mg/kg body weight) administered per oral on alternate days for 30 days (15 times); group 3, X-ray exposure of 2 Gy (0.25 Gy twice a day for four consecutive days in the last week of the experimental protocol); and group 4, A. vera + X-ray. X-ray exposure caused alterations in histoarchitecture of spleen along with enhanced clastogenic damage as assessed by micronucleus formation and apoptotic index. Irradiation caused an elevation in proinflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6, total leucocyte counts, neutrophil counts and decreased platelet counts along with unaltered red blood cell counts and hemoglobin. Irradiation also caused an elevation in reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, lactate dehydrogenase activity and alterations in enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant defense mechanism in plasma and spleen. However, administration of A. vera gel extract ameliorated X-ray irradiation–induced elevation in ROS/LPO levels, histopathological and clastogenic damage. It also modulated biochemical indices, inflammatory markers, and hematological parameters. These results collectively indicated that the A. vera gel extract offers protection against whole-body X-ray exposure by virtue of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic potential.

scholarly journals Protective effects of rosmarinic acid against radiation-induced damage to the hematopoietic system in mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenqing Xu ◽  
Fujun Yang ◽  
Yujie Zhang ◽  
Xiu Shen
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hematopoietic System ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Cell Counts

Abstract Rosmarinic acid (RA) is an ester of caffeic acid and 3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl lactic acid. It is a potent antioxidant that functions by scavenging free radicals. Here, we used a 30-day survival assay to investigate the radioprotective effects of RA. Mice were treated with RA once per day for 10 consecutive days starting at 3 days before gamma irradiation at 7.5 Gy until 7 days post irradiation. Mice treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight (bw) of RA had 30-day survival rates of 89% and 72%, respectively, compared with 32% in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P = 0.0008 and 0.0421, respectively). Spleen colony–forming units (CFU-S), the number of nucleated cells in the bone marrow (BMNC), bone marrow DNA content, and hematological parameters of the peripheral blood were measured to investigate the radioprotective effect of RA on the hematopoietic system. The treatment groups that received RA at 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg bw and whole-body exposure to 5.5 Gy of 137 Cs γ- radiation had significantly higher CFU-S, BMNC and DNA content than the irradiation-only group. Assessment of hematological parameters in the peripheral blood showed that the treatment groups receiving RA at doses of 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg bw had higher white blood cell counts, hemoglobin and platelets than the radiation-only group. These results suggested that the administration of RA promoted the recovery of peripheral blood cells in irradiated mice.

scholarly journals Aloe Vera Protects Fluoride Induced Teratogenic Effects During Pre- and Postnatal Development in Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Mathur ◽  
Shilpa Choudhary ◽  
Pradeep Bhatnagar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Fluoride Treatment ◽  
Group I

Abstract Pregnancy and feto-gestational toxicities on exposure to fluoride (F) and its possible amelioration on co-administration with Aloe-vera were studied in pregnant Swiss albino mice. Once the confirmed pregnancy was tested, animals were equally divided into four groups and were given following treatment. Group I was given no treatment and served as Control, Group II and III were administered sodium fluoride, 100 and 300 ppm respectively while group IV was co-administered with sodium fluoride, 300 ppm and Aloe-vera (300mg/kg) daily for 14 days prior to gestation and continued till the 18th day of gestation. Animals were sacrificed `on the 19th day of gestation for prenatal observations. Maternal body weight, the gravid uterine weight, number of corpora lutea in both the ovaries, number of implantations and resorptions, number of live (mature and immature ) male and female fetuses as well as number of dead fetuses were examined in each dam. The treatment continued in another set of animals till the completion of weaning period to observe postnatal changes due to test substances on the mother and pups. Sodium fluoride treated animals showed morphometric and skeletal changes which were more pronounced in the high dose group showing significantly decreased body weight gain in pregnant mothers; and dead/immature fetuses. Morphometric changes included open eyelids, limb defects, wrinkles on whole body, anophthalmias, pulmonary edema, enlarged esophagus and decreased body weight of fetuses and pups. Alizarin prepared skeletal structures of fetuses of such female mice showed delayed ossification or bending in number of bones of skull, thoracic and limb regions. However, concomitant exposure to Sodium Fluoride and Aloe-vera treated animals, there was a marked improvement in all the prenatal and postnatal variables. The study suggests that Sodium fluoride at the high concentrations may be teratogenic while co-administration of Aloe-vera during fluoride exposure might be beneficial in reducing these toxic effects. We thus recommend use of aloe vera as preventive agent or as a complimentary agent during fluoride treatment.

scholarly journals Effects of nutrition in pregnancy on hematological parameters

2004 ◽  
Vol 57 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 279-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slobodana Suvacarev
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Hematological Disorders ◽  
Very High ◽  
In Pregnancy

INTRODUCTION Pregnancy is one of the most important periods in a woman's life. A daily caloric increase of 150kcal throughout the first and 350kcal during the second and third trimesters is recommended. There are also increased requirements for some nutritive components. The aim of this study was to explore nutritive risk factors which affect hematological parameters and thus pregnancy and labor. It tested the hypothesis that there was a positive correlation between obese and underweight pregnant women and their nutrition, on one side, and hematological disorders of pregnant women on the other side. Material and methods The sample included 92 overweight, 65 underweight and 95 normally nourished pregnant women (control group). Blood analysis was compared with the results of the questionnaire on weekly consumption of different food groups. Results and discussion The incidence of anemia was very high in both nutritive risk groups, while the increased number of leukocytes was dominant in underweight pregnant women. Food questionnaire confirmed inadequate intake of nutritive components in risk groups. CONCLUSIONS All these facts may have important repercussions on pregnancy and labor, and anemia is often associated with prematurity, low birth-weight of infants, greater number of premature labors, as well as the increased perinatal mortality. This study has confirmed the hypothesis that well balanced nutrition is really very important for regular functioning of the whole body, especially in risk population such as pregnant women.

scholarly journals Predictive value of hematological parameters in testicular torsion: retrospective investigation of data from a high-volume tertiary care center

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 730-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cem Yucel ◽  
Yusuf Ozlem Ilbey
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Monocyte Count ◽  
Scrotal Pain ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Testis Torsion

Objective To investigate the use of hematological parameters in the differential diagnosis of testis torsion and epididymo-orchitis, and to determine the predictive value of these parameters in the diagnosis of testis torsion. Methods This study retrospectively reviewed the medical data of patients who presented to our institute with the complaint of acute scrotal pain. Eighty-five patients who had undergone orchiectomy or surgical detorsion due to testis torsion and 72 patients with epididymo-orchitis were included in the study. The control group comprised 78 healthy males. The groups were compared with respect to age, hematological parameters, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte to eosinophil ratio (MER), and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR). Results The monocyte count significantly differed between testis torsion and epididymo-orchitis, and was useful in the differential diagnosis. The mean neutrophil, platelet, and white blood cell counts, and the NLR, MER, and PLR values in the control group were significantly lower than those in the torsion and epididymo-orchitis groups. Conclusion The sensitivity and specificity of NLR in predicting testis torsion were as high as the sensitivity and specificity of doppler ultrasonography, suggesting the possible use of this parameter in the diagnosis of testis torsion.

scholarly journals Radiation mitigating activities of Psidium guajava L. against whole-body X-ray-induced damages in albino Wistar rat model

3 Biotech ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amith Kumar ◽  
Reshma Kumarchandra ◽  
Rajalakshmi Rai ◽  
Vasavi Kumblekar
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Herb Extract

AbstractIn the present study, we investigated radiation mitigating activities of Psidium guajava L. (P. guajava) against whole-body X- ray induced damages in albino Wistar rat model. The animals were orally administered with 200 mg/kg bodyweight of hydroalcoholic leaf extract of P. guajava for five consecutive days and on the fifth day, after the last dose of extract administration, animals were exposed to 4 Gy of X-rays. Rats were sacrificed 24 h post X–ray irradiation. The radiomitigating activity of the herb extract was assessed by micronucleus assay, histopathology of the small intestine and hematological parameters. Hepatic cyclooxygenase–2 (COX-2), interleukin–6 (IL-6) and interleukin –10 (IL-10) levels were assayed to validate the anti-inflammatory property. Biochemical estimations were also performed in RBC lysates to corroborate antioxidant properties in the leaf extract. HPLC analysis of crude extract confirmed the presence of standard flavonoid quercetin. Our results indicated that radiation elevated COX-2, IL-6 and decreased IL-10 levels and also induced micronucleus formation in polychromatic erythrocytes, simultaneously impairing hematological parameters along with erythrocyte antioxidants. The animals pre-treated with P. guajava exhibited a significant decrease in the COX-2 (P ≤ 0.01), IL-6 levels (P ≤ 0.05) and also displayed significant increase in the hepatic IL-10 levels (P ≤ 0.01). Pre-treatment with plant extract improved antioxidant enzyme activities, hematological parameters and reduced the intestinal damage by recovering the architecture of the small intestine. Moreover, extract also rendered protection against radiation induced DNA damage, as evidenced by the significant (P ≤ 0.01) decrease in the percentage of radiation-induced micronucleus in polychromatic erythrocytes. Furthermore, the herb extract treatment increased radiation LD50/30 from 6.6 Gy to 9.0 Gy, offering a dose reduction factor (DRF) of 1.36. Our findings for the first time propose the beneficial use of P. guajava as a radioprotector against X-ray induced damage.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of α-Lipoic Acid and Chlorogenic Acid on Cadmium-Induced Liver Injury in Three-Yellow Chickens

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1606
Author(s):  
Jiabin Shi ◽  
Xiaocui Chang ◽  
Hui Zou ◽  
Jianhong Gu ◽  
Yan Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Mitochondrial Pathway ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects

Cadmium (Cd) is a type of noxious heavy metal that is distributed widely. It can severely injure the hepatocytes and cause liver dysfunction by inducing oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage. We evaluated the protective effects of α-lipoic acid (α-LA) or chlorogenic acid (CGA) and their combination on counteracting cadmium toxicity in vivo in three-yellow chickens. For three months, CdCl2 (50 mg/L) was administrated through their drinking water, α-LA (400 mg/kg) was added to feed and CGA (45 mg/kg) was employed by gavage. The administration of Cd led to variations in growth performance, biochemical markers (of the liver, kidney and heart), hematological parameters, liver histopathology (which suggested hepatic injury) and ultrastructure of hepatocytes. Some antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress parameters showed significant differences in the Cd-exposure group when compared with the control group. The groups treated with Cd and administrated α-LA or CGA showed significant amelioration with inhibited mitochondrial pathway-induced apoptosis. Combining both drugs was the most effective in reducing Cd toxicity in the liver. In summary, the results demonstrated that α-LA and CGA may be beneficial in alleviating oxidative stress induced by oxygen free radicals and tissue injury resulting from Cd-triggered hepatotoxicity.

scholarly journals IN VIVO RADIOPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF WHEATGRASS (TRITICUM AESTIVUM) EXTRACT AGAINST X-IRRADAITION-INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS AND APOPTOSIS IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES IN RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 239
Author(s):  
Chandresh Shyam ◽  
Devinder K Dhawan ◽  
Vijayta D Chadha
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Peripheral Lymphocytes ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Radiation Induced

 Objectives: The present study was undertaken to investigate the possible protective potential of wheatgrass extract against radiation-induced toxicity in peripheral lymphocytes of rats exposed to a fractionated dose of X-rays.Methods: Effects of the X-irradiation with and without wheatgrass were studied on various parameters in peripheral lymphocytes including antioxidant defense system and apoptosis. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four different groups: Normal control group, X-ray-irradiated group (21 Gy over a span of 7 days), wheatgrass-treated group (80 mg/100 g bodyweight for 2 weeks), and X-rays-irradiated + wheatgrass-treated group. All the biochemical indices which included lipid peroxidation (LPO), reduced glutathione, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and activities of antioxidant enzymes were investigated in lymphocytes. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assay was carried out to assess the apoptosis in lymphocytes following whole-body X-irradiation.Results: Whole-body X-irradiation to rats resulted in significant increase in LPO with concomitant depression of antioxidant enzymes activities, namely, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidise (GPx) in lymphocytes. Further, the present study witnessed a significant increase in the number of apoptotic lymphocytes in the X-irradiated animals. However, wheatgrass supplementation lowered the LPO levels, restored cellular antioxidant status, and provided significant protection against radiation-induced apoptosis.Conclusions: Based on these observations, the present study suggests that wheatgrass extract has the potential to be used as an effective radioprotectant against radiation-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in peripheral lymphocytes of whole-body X-ray-exposed rats.

Studies of Calcium Absorption in Man Using a CD-2 Whole-Body Counter

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 163-167
Author(s):  
K. Bakos ◽  
Věra Wernischová
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Absorption ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Absorption Process ◽  
Whole Body Counter ◽  
Absorption Studies ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Calcium Load ◽  
Calcium Malabsorption ◽  
Whole Body Counting

SummaryWhole-body counting makes an important contribution of radioisotope techniques to ȁEin vivo“ absorption studies, in comparison with other methods. In a large number of subjects, the method was tested for its usefulness in the diagnosis of calcium malabsorption. The effects of drugs, of the calcium load in the gut and of the whole-body content of calcium on the absorption process were studied in a control group.

Erythrocyte and reticulocyte parameters during biological monitoring of lead exposure to the body

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 873-876
Author(s):  
Anastasiya G. Khotuleva ◽  
Mariya S. Kozyreva
Keyword(s):  
Biological Monitoring ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Hematological Disorders ◽  
Globin Synthesis

Introduction. The most susceptible to lead is the hematopoietic system of hematopoietic organs due to lead inhibition of heme and globin synthesis and cytotoxic effect on the membrane of Mature red blood cells. The aim of study was to evaluate the informative value of the study of erythrocyte and reticulocyte parameters determined on modern hematological analyzers in patients working in contact with lead during medical and biological monitoring. Materials and methods. 45 employees of the lead battery processing plant and 30 persons of control group were examined. The level of lead in the blood was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, δ-ALA in the urine-by the reaction of pyrol formation with acetylacetone in terms of gram of creatinine, the study of hematological parameters was performed on a Sysmex HT-2000i analyzer. Statistical processing of the results was performed using the program STATISTICA 10.0. Results. Significant changes in erythrocytic (RDW) and reticulocytic (RET, IRF, LFR, MFR, HFR, RET-He) parameters, erythropoietin in workers in contact with lead compared to the control group, changes in MCV, MCH, RDW, RET indicators in the group working in dynamics after 2 years were revealed. Associations of hematological parameters with biomarkers of exposure and effect (lead level in blood and ALA in urine) were revealed. Conclusions. Assessment of erythrocyte (MCV, MCH, RDW) and reticulocyte parameters (RET% and their distribution by maturity) in dynamics during periodic medical examinations of workers in contact with lead allows us to detect the development of hematological disorders at early stages.

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