Barriers to Adoption of Commercial Green Buildings in India: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 097493062110584
Author(s):  
Sayani Saha ◽  
Rahul B Hiremath ◽  
Sanjay Prasad ◽  
Bimlesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Green Building ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Environmental Aspect ◽  
The World

The global construction sector accounts for 13.2% of the world’s gross domestic product (GDP). It not only contributes to the economic growth engine of the world but also climate changes due to its high energy footprint. Sustainable buildings have the potential to reduce the adverse impacts of the construction industry, but their adoption is slow due to hindrances. The aim of this paper is to study literature on barriers to green building adoption to date and highlight the overlapping and unique barriers specific to India in comparison to a few prominent countries, and provide solutions and recommendations for future research. The methodology has been an extensive literature review of the barriers to green building (GB) adoption. The key findings, namely barriers, were classified under economic, governmental, organizational and social perception, information, technology and material categories. Barriers unique to India and a few other developing countries are an extension of project schedules, lack of research and developmental works, lack of public motivation, poor building code enforcement, high payback period, uncertain supply of green materials, improper implementation of policy framework and performance of green building technologies (GBT’s). The GB construction sector is fragmented around the world. Even the GB definition is not the same across the globe although the environmental aspect is the same. Similarly, there are unique and overlapping challenges in GB adoption globally. Buildings in usage perspectives can be classified into residential and non-residential. This study looks only at non-residential GBs due to their homogenous nature. There is a dearth of specific studies related to the adoption of GBs in India. This study aims to fulfil the gap of India’s standing in the barriers to GB adoption with respect to the developed and developing countries. JEL Classification: I18

Impact of trade facilitation reforms on tax revenue

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 765-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sena Kimm Gnangnon
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Trade Facilitation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the empirical literature of the macroeconomic effect of trade facilitation reforms by examining the impact of the latter on tax revenue in both developed and developing countries. The relevance of the topic lies on the fact that at the Bali Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2013, Trade Ministers agreed for the first time since the creation of the WTO (in 1995) on an Agreement to facilitate trade around the world, dubbed Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA). The study considers both at-the-border and behind-the border measures of Trade Facilitation. Design/methodology/approach To conduct this study, the authors rely on the literature related to the structural factors that explain tax revenue mobilization. The authors mainly use within fixed effects estimator. The analysis relies on 102 countries (of which 23 industrial countries) over the period 2004-2007 (based on data availability). A focus has also been made on African countries, within the sample of developing countries. Findings The empirical analysis suggests evidence of a positive and significant effect of trade facilitation reforms on non-resources tax revenue, irrespective of the sample of countries considered in the analysis. Research limitations/implications This finding should contribute to dampening the fear of policymakers in developing countries, including Africa that the implementation of the TFA would entail higher costs, without necessarily being associated with higher benefits. An avenue for future research would be to extend the period of the study when data would be available. Originality/value To the best of the authors knowledge, this study had not been performed in the literature of the determinants of tax revenue mobilization, although fact-based analysis was performed.

scholarly journals Implementing LEED v4 BD+C Projects in Vietnam: Contributions and Challenges for General Contractor

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duy Hoang Pham ◽  
Joosung Lee ◽  
Yonghan Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Green Building ◽  
Housing Demand ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Leed Certification ◽  
Implementation Challenges ◽  
General Contractors ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption

Sustainable construction addresses both rising housing demand and the need to reduce energy consumption, but is not yet widespread in Vietnam, although the number of Green Building Certified projects has increased significantly since 2015, especially those with LEED certification. Certification adds value to the project but also incurs additional costs and implementation challenges for general contractors (GCs) and other stakeholders. The growing popularity of LEED buildings requires GCs to understand their role in fulfilling the LEED requirements. We therefore conducted a thorough review of the previous research on LEED v4 guidelines and their local equivalents to determine what is expected of GCs working on LEED v4 BD + C projects in Vietnam. A survey of 72 experts, engineers, and architects working in the construction sector identified the LEED tasks where Vietnamese GCs lack experience and suggested solutions to address this shortfall were developed. In particular, Vietnamese GCs lacked experience in implementing their sustainable roles. These results provide a useful foundation for Vietnamese GCs seeking to expand the scope of their LEED work and identified necessary training. Our findings will also guide future research to help GCs in Vietnam adapt to LEED’s sustainability requirements and support sustainable construction in Vietnam.

scholarly journals Gender Equalities in Entrepreneurship: How Close, Or Far, Have We Come in Italy?

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Matricano ◽  
Mario Sorrentino
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor ◽  
Female Entrepreneurship ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Entrepreneurship ◽  
Start Ups

Female entrepreneurship is a relevant phenomenon all around the world. In reference to Italy, there has been a growing involvement of women in the creation of start-ups only over the last decades. However, from an extensive literature review, it results that there are no relevant studies aiming to test the main differences between male and female Italian entrepreneurs, especially in reference to the levers affecting their propensity to launch new start-ups. The present paper tries to reduce this gap by testing whether male and female Italian entrepreneurs differ in terms of intellectual capital affecting their propensity to launch new start-ups. The sample used for the present research derives from Global Entrepreneurship Monitor – GEM website, refers to 2013 and comprehends 1,055 female and 997 male entrepreneurs. Results show that male and female Italian entrepreneurs are more similar than expected. Some reflections about the state-of-the-art of female entrepreneurship in Italy and some hints for future research are included in the last section of the paper.

Affective Disorders in Iraq

1970 ◽  
Vol 117 (537) ◽  
pp. 195-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Widad Bazzoui
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
The World

Already an extensive literature exists on affective disorders, particularly depressive illness, in various developing countries of the world (Carothers, 1947; Tooth, 1950; Lambo, 1956 and 1960; Asuni, 1962; Pfeiffer, 1962 and 1963; Yap, 1965). Different authors have commented on different aspects of these disorders, and variations in their incidence, symptomatology and course have aroused widespread speculation regarding possible cultural influences on aetiology and clinical picture.

Civil-Military Relations in Developing Countries

1989 ◽  
Vol 45 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 154-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veena Kukreja
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Political System ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Political ◽  
Civil Military Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
Military Relations ◽  
The Military

Students of civil-military relations, particularly those in the developing countries, admit having to work on myopic assumptions, meagre data, sloppy conceptualization and inelegant explanations. The relative newness of this area of studies could be one reason for this. The study of civil-military relations in the narrow sense referring mainly to military coups and interventions, has attained importance after World War II. But the study of civil-military relations in the broader perspective of multiplicity of relationships between military men, institutions and interests, on the one hand, and diverse and often conflicting non-military organizations and political personages and interests on the other, has begun to draw academic interest only in the last two decades or so. In the twentieth century, the armed forces, being an universal and integral part of a nation's political system, no longer remain completely aloof from politics in any nation. If politics is concerned, in David Easton's celebrated words, with the authoritative allocation of values and power within a society, the military as a vital institution in the polity can hardly be wished out of participatory bounds, at least for legitimate influence as an institutional interest group with a stake in the political decision-making. The varying roles the military may play in politics range from minimal legitimate influence by means of recognized channels inherent in their position and responsibilities within the political system to the other extreme of total displacement of the civilian government in the forms of illegitimate overt military intervention in politics. This paper seeks to attempt an overview of the existing scholarship on civil-military relations; second, it examines civil-military relations in the world with special reference to major political systems of the world; third, it surveys the literature on civil-military relations in general, and finally, it attempts to develop a general, complex, and hopefully fruitful causal model for analyzing the dynamics of civil-military relations; exploring implications for future research on civil-military relations.

scholarly journals La Canada et le monde en développement: l'aide et le commerce dans le cadre de la nouvelle politique étrangère canadienne

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-395
Author(s):  
Martin Rudner
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
International Assistance ◽  
The World ◽  
Liberal Government ◽  
Trade And Investment ◽  
Economic Outlook

In February 1995, Canada 's Liberal Government issued its first Statement on foreign policy entitled Canada in the World. This Statement viewed international assistance as but one component of an over-arching foreign policy framework geared to the Government's three primary objectives: the promotion of prosperity and employment, the protection of security within a stable global framework, and the projection internationally of Canadian values and culture. This paper argues that among the salient considerations shaping the Government's response to the global economic outlook was the emergence of significant "new players" as partners and competitors of Canada's in international trade and investment, including newly industrializing economies like South Korea, Mexico and Taiwan, and middle income high growth developing countries of Asia and Latin America.

Practical Research on Green Building Evaluation System in Eco-City

2012 ◽  
Vol 178-181 ◽  
pp. 357-360
Author(s):  
Xiu Qin Ma ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Si Qi He
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
Building Systems ◽  
Practical Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Planning And Construction

With the global crisis of resources and environment, and the ecological environment is on destruction，all countries in the world have started to develop green building evaluation system, so the concept of green building evaluation system comes into being. In this paper, according to the research on LEED and Evaluation Rulers for Green Building of China, and basing on the planning and construction status of Eco-city, it is analyzed and evaluated by applying the two green building evaluation systems. According to the research on the two green building systems and the excellent case of the Eco-city, the paper hopes that it can supply some reference values for developing green building in the developing countries.

scholarly journals A Critical Appraisal of the Import Demand Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Khyati Khaturia ◽  
◽  
Nand Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Import Demand ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Trade Restrictions ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
The World

Increased globalization has led to an increase in interdependence among countries at the world level. Substantial reduction in trade restrictions and the implementation of WTO rules contributed to a rise in exports and imports of most developing countries. But the study of imports in comparison to that of exports is considered more important for the fact that the production for exports requires imports in the first place. By explaining and reviewing the methodologies the study aims to identify the research gaps prevalent in the area and provide a direction for future research. It has been found that panel data techniques have not found that place in the literature as the time series techniques have so there is a need for application of the same.

Searching for new Sources of growth. Are the Developing Countries Catching up with the Developed ones?

2015 ◽  
pp. 30-53
Author(s):  
V. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
The West ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Economic Divergence ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Relative Standing

This paper examines the trajectory of growth in the Global South. Before the 1500s all countries were roughly at the same level of development, but from the 1500s Western countries started to grow faster than the rest of the world and PPP GDP per capita by 1950 in the US, the richest Western nation, was nearly 5 times higher than the world average and 2 times higher than in Western Europe. Since 1950 this ratio stabilized - not only Western Europe and Japan improved their relative standing in per capita income versus the US, but also East Asia, South Asia and some developing countries in other regions started to bridge the gap with the West. After nearly half of the millennium of growing economic divergence, the world seems to have entered the era of convergence. The factors behind these trends are analyzed; implications for the future and possible scenarios are considered.

On retroeconomy

2017 ◽  
pp. 148-159
Author(s):  
V. Papava
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
International Competition ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government

This paper analyzes the problem of technological backwardness of economy. In many mostly developing countries their economies use obsolete technologies. This can create the illusion that this or that business is prosperous. At the level of international competition, however, it is obvious that these types of firms do not have any chance for success. Retroeconomics as a theory of technological backwardness and its detrimental effect upon a country’s economy is considered in the paper. The role of the government is very important for overcoming the effects of retroeconomy. The phenomenon of retroeconomy is already quite deep-rooted throughout the world and it is essential to consolidate the attention of economists and politicians on this threat.

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