scholarly journals Cancers in Vietnam—Burden and Control Efforts: A Narrative Scoping Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 107327481986380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tung Pham ◽  
Linh Bui ◽  
Giang Kim ◽  
Dong Hoang ◽  
Thuan Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Cancer Occurrence ◽  
The Future ◽  
And Control

Although the burden of cancer is rapidly growing in Vietnam, there was no up-to-date review that describes cancer burden and control in Vietnam throughout the literature. By identifying various risk factors, means of prevention, and methods for early detection, this review seeks to systematically summarize the evidence for the future planning and management of cancer occurrence in Vietnam. Additionally, this report aims to identify improvements which are necessary for the treatment and palliative care of patients with cancer in Vietnam. We employed a hybrid approach including both a scoping review and narrative synthesis for this study. Information was identified, extracted, and charted from various sources, which include international and domestically published studies, in addition to gray literature. Our results illustrate that the burden of cancer in Vietnam has tripled in the past 30 years, and this situation could be partly explained by the growing prevalence of both old and new risk factors. Besides hepatitis B virus, various other important risk factors such as human papilloma virus, tobacco usage, physical inactivity, and improper diets are still not under control in Vietnam. There is presently a lack of national cancer screening programs, and the capacity of cancer care services could not maintain pace with the demands of a rapidly increasing Vietnamese population. Overall, policy frameworks for cancer control in Vietnam are in place, but there is still a lack of proper financing and governing models necessary to support a sustainable program. In conclusion, Cancer and its associated consequences are both persistent and emerging problems in Vietnam, and the results of cancer control programs are limited. A comprehensive and evidence-based approach toward the prevention and treatment of cancer should be the future direction for Vietnam.

scholarly journals Oral cancer in Brazil: a secular history of Public Health Policies

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-164
Author(s):  
Paulo Ricardo Saquete MARTINS FILHO ◽  
Thiago de Santana SANTOS ◽  
Luiz Carlos Ferreira da SILVA ◽  
Marta Rabello PIVA
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
History Of Public Health ◽  
Assistance Programs ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

The oral cancer in Brazil is considered an important public health issue. Despite almost a century of combat disease, with oncological assistance programs and prevention campaigns based public policies, the incidence of oral cancer in several regions is still high. The major goal of cancer prevention and control is a reduction in both the incidence of the disease and the associated morbidity and mortality, as well as improved life for cancer patients and their families. Low-income and disadvantage groups are generally more exposed to avoidable risk factors such as tobacco and alcohol consumption. These groups have less access to the health services and education that would empower them to make decisions to protect and improve their own health. Thus, cancer control programs are the most effective instrument to bridge the gap between knowledge and practice and achieve this goal. The authors report some key historical facts concerning the fight against oral cancer in Brazil, in addition to addressing the epidemiological aspects of disease.

Cancer prevention and population-based screening

2009 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 597-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Luciani ◽  
Lianne Vardy ◽  
Eugenio Paci ◽  
Isaac Adewole ◽  
Annie Sasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
World Health ◽  
Comprehensive Cancer Control ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Low Resource Settings ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Control Programs

Cancer prevention, screening and early detection can provide some of the greatest public health benefits for cancer control. In low resource settings, where cancer control is challenged by limited human, financial and technical resources, cancer prevention and screening are of utmost importance and can provide significant impacts on the cancer burden. Public policies, social, environmental and individual level interventions which promote and support healthy eating and physical activity can lower cancer risks. Tobacco use, a significant cancer risk factor, can be reduced through the application of key mandates of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. In addition, cancer screening programs, namely for cervical and breast cancers, can have a significant impact on reducing cancer mortality, including in low resource settings. Comprehensive cancer control programs require interventions for cancer prevention, screening and early detection, and involve sectors outside of health to create supportive environments for healthy ways of life. Sharing experiences in implementing cancer control programs in different settings can create opportunities for interchanging ideas and forming international alliances.

scholarly journals Tail-Biting in Pigs: A Scoping Review

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2002
Author(s):  
Maggie Henry ◽  
Hannah Jansen ◽  
Maria del Rocio Amezcua ◽  
Terri L. O’Sullivan ◽  
Lee Niel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Swine Production ◽  
Tail Biting ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
And Control ◽  
Full Text Screening

Tail-biting is globally recognized as a welfare concern for commercial swine production. Substantial research has been undertaken to identify risk factors and intervention methods to decrease and understand this vice. Tail-biting appears to be multifactorial and has proven difficult to predict and control. The primary objective of the scoping review was to identify and chart all available literature on the risk factors and interventions associated with tail-biting in pigs. A secondary objective was to identify gaps in the literature and identify the relevance for a systematic review. An online literature search of four databases, encompassing English, peer-reviewed and grey literature published from 1 January 1970 to 31 May 2019, was conducted. Relevance screening and charting of included articles were performed by two independent reviewers. A total of 465 citations were returned from the search strategy. Full-text screening was conducted on 118 articles, with 18 being excluded in the final stage. Interventions, possible risk factors, as well as successful and unsuccessful outcomes were important components of the scoping review. The risk factors and interventions pertaining to tail-biting were inconsistent, demonstrating the difficulty of inducing tail-biting in an experimental environment and the need for standardizing terms related to the behavior.

Public policies and programs for the prevention and control of breast cancer in Latinamerican women: a Scoping Review (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Martín Ramos Herrera Sr ◽  
María Guadalupe Lemus Flores ◽  
Antonio Reyna Sevilla Sr ◽  
Miguel Ernesto González Castañeda ◽  
Fernando Adolfo Torres Gutiérrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
And Control

BACKGROUND Breast Cancer has positioned itself globally as one of the main public health problems, especially in Latin America and Mexico. In some countries there, several programs for prevention and control are being developed and implemented on a permanent basis, but there is no public report on the policies that originated the programs, their number, type and scope, as well as their impact to address the problem of breast cancer in women. OBJECTIVE The objectives of this scoping review were: 1) identifying which policies and/or programs for the prevention and control of breast cancer in Latin America have been analyzed in the last 20 years, 2) analyzing their type, extension and scope, and 3) describing the reference frameworks on which these policies and/or prevention and control programs of the breast cancer based on. METHODS A scoping review was carried out according to Arksey & O’Malley’s method in six stages: 1) identify research questions, 2) identify relevant studies, 3) study selection, 4) data representation, 5) classification, synthesis and reporting of results, and 6) consultation exercise (optional). The questions that guided this review were: which breast cancer prevention and control policies in Latin America have been analyzed in the international scientific literature?, what is the type, extension and scope of the policies and/or programs in accordance with those reports?, and what is the existing reference framework for policies and/or programs for the prevention and control of breast cancer in women at the national and international level? The search period was 2000-2019 and was carried out in the following electronic databases: MEDLINE (PubMed), MEDLINE (EbscoHost), CINAHL (EbscoHost), Academic Search Complete (EbscoHost), ERIC, ISI Web of Science (Science Citation Index) in english, Cochrane and MEDES-MEDicina in Spanish. Data was analyzed and presented through descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis using the ATLAS.ti software. RESULTS The selected studies identify several Latin American countries that have generated policies/programs to prevent and control breast cancer in women, focused mainly on risk communication, prevention and timely detection, effective access to health services, improving the screening process and evaluation of screening programs. However, it is necessary to establish evaluation criteria and greater active participation of civil society in policies design and programs execution with the inclusion of the population to whom they are directed and the contexts where women reside. This could undoubtedly help eliminate existing barriers. CONCLUSIONS Although there are public policies and action programs for the prevention and control of breast cancer in Latin America, a pending issue is the evaluation of results to analyze the effectiveness and impact of its implementation, given the magnitude of the public health problem it represents and because women and civil society have an important role on its prevention and control. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT RR2-10.2196/12624

scholarly journals Overview of Cancer Control in Armenia and Policy Implications

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Bedirian ◽  
Tigran Aghabekyan ◽  
Arianna Mesrobian ◽  
Shant Shekherdimian ◽  
Davit Zohrabyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
The Past

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Armenia. Over the past two decades, the country has seen a significant rise in cancer morbidity and mortality. This review aims to provide up-to-date info about the state of cancer control in Armenia and identify priority areas of research. The paper analyzes published literature and local and international statistical reports on Armenia and similar countries to put numbers into context. While cancer detection, diagnosis, and treatment are improving, the prevalence of risk factors is still quite high and smoking is widespread. Early detection rates are low and several important screening programs are absent. Diagnosis and treatment methods are not standardized; there is a lack of treatment accessibility due to insufficient government coverage and limited availability of essential medicines. Overall, there is room for improvement in this sector, as research is limited and multidisciplinary approaches to the topic are rare.

scholarly journals Cancer presentation patterns in Lagos, Nigeria: Experience from a private cancer center

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abimbola Fapohunda ◽  
Adeola Fakolade ◽  
Jesutofunmi Omiye ◽  
Oluwasegun Afolaranmi ◽  
Oreoluwa Arowojolu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Using Data ◽  
And Control

Background: Cancer incidence and mortality is increasing worldwide. In 2018, there were an estimated 18.1 million new cancer cases and 9.6 million cancer deaths. In Nigeria, it is estimated that 100,000 new cases occur annually, with a high case fatality ratio. The burden of cancer in Nigeria is significant, as the country still grapples with infectious diseases and has limited data on cancer epidemiology. Our study is descriptive using data from a hospital-based registry. Objectives: This retrospective study assesses the characteristics of patients that presented to a private cancer center in Lagos, Nigeria. We aimed to update knowledge on the current trends of cancer in Nigeria as exemplified by the experience of this cancer center and set a foundation for guiding future research and policy efforts in cancer screening, prevention, and control. Methods: The records of all the 548 oncology patients registered at the Lakeshore Cancer Center (LCC) cancer registry from January 2015 to June 2018 were reviewed for this study. Results: Most common cancer types were breast cancer for females (46%) and prostate cancer for males (32%). 92% of the tumors were malignant and 97% of the patients were symptomatic. Among patients diagnosed with cancer, 49% were ≤ 50 years old, 90% paid for their healthcare out of pocket, and 67% did not complete treatment.Conclusions: This study highlights the state of cancer care in Nigeria and should guide future research, with a focus on public awareness, screening programs and implementation of novel cancer control policies and infrastructure that supports early detection.

RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INITIAL MANIFESTATIONS OF ATHEROGENIC CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN PERSONNEL OF CHEMICALLY HAZARDOUS FACILITIES

2017 ◽  
pp. 2-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Gorichny ◽  
D. Yu. Serdukov ◽  
A. V. Yazenok ◽  
A. V. Nosov ◽  
G. G. Zagorodnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Organophosphorus Compounds ◽  
Atherogenic Dyslipidemia ◽  
Chemical Weapons ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
And Control ◽  
Statistical Analysis Methods

An outpatient examination of 530 employees engaged in work with chemical weapons related to organophosphorus compounds at chemically hazardous facilities was carried out. Risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases of atherogenic etiology among personnel of the facilities were studied in relation to the type of work performed using statistical analysis methods. When assessing the lipidogram, a high incidence of atherogenic dyslipidemia in a group of personnel involved in the storage of chemical weapons was found out in comparison with a group of people engaged in the destruction and control of chemical weapons (73.1 vs 61.2 vs 59.6%, p

COVID-19: The Importance of Adequate Personal Protective Equipment in Healthcare Medical Staff

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Weissenstein
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Emotional Resilience ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
And Control

We present an update on infection prevention and control for COVID-19 in healthcare settings. This update focuses on measures to be applied in settings with increasing community transmission, growing demand for concern about COVID-19 patients, and subsequent staffing issues in the event of shortages of personal protective equipment for healthcare facilities worldwide. The comfort and emotional resilience of health care workers are key components in maintaining essential health care services during the COVID-19 virus (coronavirus) outbreak.

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