scholarly journals Engaging Latino Families About COVID-19 Vaccines: A Qualitative Study Conducted in Oregon, USA

2021 ◽  
pp. 109019812110459
Author(s):  
Jonathan Garcia ◽  
Nancy Vargas ◽  
Cynthia de la Torre ◽  
Mario Magana Alvarez ◽  
Jesse Lawton Clark
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Latino Families ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Latino Family ◽  
Multigenerational Households ◽  
Traditional Practitioners ◽  
Promotion Campaigns

Objectives Latinos are disproportionately vulnerable to severe COVID-19 due to workplace exposure, multigenerational households, and existing health disparities. Rolling out COVID-19 vaccines among vulnerable Latinos is critical to address disparities. This study explores vaccine perceptions of Latino families to inform culturally centered strategies for vaccine dissemination. Method Semistructured telephone interviews with Latino families (22 mothers and 24 youth, 13–18 years old) explored COVID-19 vaccine perceptions including (1) sources of information, (2) trust of vaccine effectiveness and willingness to get vaccinated, and (3) access to the vaccine distribution. We identified thematic patterns using immersion–crystallization. Results We found that (1) 41% expressed optimism and willingness to receive the vaccine coupled with concerns about side effects; (2) 45% expressed hesitancy or would refuse vaccination based on mistrust, myths, fear of being used as “guinea pigs,” and the perceived role of politics in vaccine development; (3) families “digested” information gathered from social media, the news, and radio through intergenerational communication; and (4) participants called for community-led advocacy and “leading by example” to dispel fear and misinformation. Optimistic participants saw the vaccine as a way to protect their families, allowing youth to return to schools and providing safer conditions for frontline essential workers. Conclusions Culturally centered vaccine promotion campaigns may consider the Latino family unit as their target audience by providing information that can be discussed among parents and youth, engaging a range of health providers and advocates that includes traditional practitioners and community health workers, and disseminating information at key venues, such as schools, churches, and supermarkets.

Awareness of Ultrasonography, Preconception during Pregnancy and use of Sonography by Tribal Women -Rural Community based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (05) ◽  
pp. 01-09
Author(s):  
S. Chhabra ◽  
Sushila Nayar ◽  
Akanksha Shishugruha ◽  
Malviya S
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Tribal Communities ◽  
Tribal Women ◽  
Access Problems ◽  
Nurse Midwives

Background: Ultrasonography (USG) has become part of everyday care of pregnant women in most of the countries of the globe. However like any other technology, it has potential to raise social, ethical, economic dilemmas about benefits, challenges for health providers, beneficiaries of the services. Awareness, utilization of USG by rural tribal women who live in extreme poverty with access problems is not well known. Objective: Community based study was carried out to know awareness of USG amongst rural, tribal, preconception, pregnant women and use of USG during pregnancy. Material methods: Study was conducted in tribal communities of 100 villages where community based mother child care services were initiated after having developed a health facility in one of 100 villages. Total 2400 preconception, 1040 pregnant women of 15-45 years, were interviewed in villages for knowing their awareness about USG, whether pregnant women had USG during pregnancy. Results: Of 2400 preconception women, 626 (26.08%) were not aware of sonography. Of those who knew, 694 (39.1%) said sonography helped in confirmation of pregnancy, 1080 (60.88%) said it helped in knowing fetal age and position. Of 1040 pregnant women also 271 (26.1%) were not aware of USG. Those who knew, sources of information, were Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) in 208 (27%), nurse midwives in 170 (22.1%), family members in 311 (40.4%), doctors in 80 (10.4%). Only 258 (33.5%) of 769 women who knew about USG had got USG done. Of them 82 (31.8%) were told that something was wrong without any details. Conclusion: Study revealed that many rural tribal women did not even know about USG. Community health workers, ASHAs did create awareness of USG in some. Only 25% pregnant women had USG done but without knowing any details of findings.

The Impact of Social Mobilization on Health Service Delivery and Health Outcomes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Giné ◽  
Salma Khalid ◽  
Mansuri Ghazala
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Child Health Outcomes ◽  
Rural Pakistan ◽  
Post Natal Care ◽  
The Impact

This chapter uses a randomized community development programme in rural Pakistan to assess the impact of citizen engagement on public service delivery and maternal and child health outcomes. The programme had a strong emphasis on organizing women, who also identified health services as a development priority at baseline. At midline, we find that the mobilization effort alone had a significant impact on the performance of village-based health providers. We detect economically large improvements in pregnancy and well-baby visits by female health workers, as well as increased utilization of pre- and post-natal care by pregnant women. In contrast, the quality of supra-village health services did not improve, underscoring the importance of community enforcement and monitoring capacity for improving service delivery.

scholarly journals Conflict affected, parallel health systems: challenges to collaboration between ethnic and government health systems in Kayin State, Myanmar

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Colette Pang Biesty ◽  
Aung Ja Brang ◽  
Barry Munslow
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Peace Accord ◽  
Government Health ◽  
Peace Processes ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
Minority Ethnic Groups

Abstract Background Myanmar has had a long history of civil wars with its minority ethnic groups and is yet to see a sustainable peace accord. The conflicts have had a significant impact on health in Myanmar, with ethnic populations experiencing inequitable health outcomes. Consequently, to meet the health needs of ethnic people, Ethnic Health Organisations and Community-Based Health Organisations (EHO/CBHOs) created their own health system. The EHO/CBHO and Government health systems, provided by the Myanmar Ministry of Health and Sports (MoHS), remain parallel, despite both stakeholders discussing unification of the health systems within the context of ongoing but unresolved peace processes. EHO/CBHOs discuss the ‘convergence’ of health systems, whilst the MoHS discuss the integration of health providers under their National Health Plan. Methods A qualitative study design was used to explore the challenges to collaboration between EHO/CBHOs and the MoHS in Kayin state, Myanmar. Twelve health workers from different levels of the Karen EHO/CBHO health system were interviewed. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed, and coded. Data was analysed thematically using the Framework method. Topic guides evolved in an iterative process, as themes emerged inductively from the transcripts. A literature review and observation methods were also utilised to increase validity of the data. Results The challenges to collaboration were identified in the following five themes: (1) the current situation is not ‘post conflict’ (2) a lack of trust (3) centralised nature of the MoHS (4) lack of EHO/CBHO health worker accreditation (5) the NHP is not implemented in some ethnic areas. Conclusions Ultimately, all five challenges to collaboration stem from the lack of peace in Myanmar. The health systems cannot be ‘converged or ‘integrated’ until there is a peace accord which is acceptable to all actors. EHO/CBHOs want a federal political system, where the health system is devolved, equitable and accessible to all ethnic people. External donors should understand this context and remain neutral by supporting all health actors in a conflict sensitive manner.

scholarly journals Indigenous Traditional Medical Practitioners’ Lack of Formal Medical Education Impacts their Choices of Information Resources for the Treatment of Sickle Cell Anemia

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Maria Melssen
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Environment Model ◽  
Survey Questions ◽  
Traditional Remedies ◽  
Traditional Practitioners

Objective – To determine the information seeking behaviours of traditional medical practitioners who treat sickle cell anemia patients. Design – Qualitative, interviewer-administered, structured questionnaire. Setting – City and surrounding rural area of Ibadan, Nigeria. Subjects – The researchers selected for this study 160 indigenous traditional medical practitioners who specialize in the treatment of sickle cell anemia. The majority of the subjects were male, with 96 male and 64 female. The practitioners were selected from four traditional medical practitioner associations in Ibadan, Nigeria. The researchers met with the leaders of the four organizations and identified which of the 420 members specialize in the treatment of sickle cell anemia. Methods – The subjects were asked survey questions orally during face-to-face interviews. The decision to conduct interviews and ask the survey questions orally (rather than having the subjects complete the survey questions on their own) was based on the perceived low literacy level of the traditional medical practitioners. Survey questions were written using the analytical framework of Taylor’s information use environment model. According to the authors, the premise of Taylor’s information use environment model is that individuals can be grouped according to their “professional and/or social characteristics” (p. 124). The group is then characterized by the members’ approach to problem solving: the type of problems they encounter, the setting they find themselves in during the problem, and how the group as a whole determines what course of action needs to be taken in order to solve the problem. The problem solving strategy of the group impacts its need for information and how that information is located and used. The questions asked by the researchers fell into one of five research areas: • the environment of the group • the diagnosis and treatment methods of traditional medical practitioners and how they obtain information that shapes their diagnosis and treatment choices • sources of information for the treatment of sickle cell anemia and the factors that encourage or discourage the use of those sources • how information about sickle cell anemia is communicated amongst the traditional medical practitioners • the extent to which orthodox and traditional approaches to the treatment of sickle cell anemia are integrated. All 160 subjects completed the interview and all of the surveys were determined to be usable. Main Results – The main sources of professional knowledge and training of the traditional medical practitioners are their fathers (55%) and master healers (42.5%). This knowledge is orally preserved: none of the respondents completed a formal training program at a university. The information used to select the best treatment options for patients with sickle cell anemia is the patient’s diet or eating habits (62%) and new traditional remedies (55%). New traditional remedies are defined by the authors as “the location and potency of herbs, roots, bark and parts of animals used to compound drugs or make ritual sacrifices” (p. 128). The information found least useful by the traditional practitioners is the authenticity of new remedies (20%). The traditional practitioners would wait for their patients to report back regarding the success or failure of the treatment they were provided. The researchers also discovered that traditional practitioners rarely, if ever, share their diagnosis and treatment methodologies with other practitioners. The diagnostic tests for sickle cell anemia used most often by traditional practitioners are visual observation (32.5%) and history taking (48%). Only a fraction of the practitioners (10%) utilize “orthodox methods” which include Hb electrophoresis. The treatment option of choice by the majority of practitioners is concoctions (62.5%). The traditional practitioners favour informal sources of information over formal sources. The informal sources most commonly used are local associations (55%), colleagues (55%), and master healers (52.5%). Such formal resources as medical journals, seminars or workshops, the Internet, and libraries are rarely if ever used. The factors influencing the practitioners’ resource choice include relevance (87.8%), suitability (70%), and availability (67.5%). Many practitioners also refer their patients to other traditional medical practitioners; however, very few (27.5%) refer patients to orthodox physicians. The traditional practitioners felt that they can treat their patients on their own and do not need the orthodox physician’s help. The traditional practitioners also feel that there is little or no information sharing between the traditional practitioners and the orthodox physicians: the only time information is exchanged between the two groups is when the orthodox physicians want to conduct research on traditional medical practices. Conclusion – The traditional practitioners rely heavily on information from local experts to guide their treatment plans for sickle cell anemia patients. The success or failure of a given treatment plan is also based on what did or did not work in the past. These practitioners do not have a formal education and have a low literacy level. This group is not recognized by western medical culture as a result of their lack of professional, western medical training. Another issue is that there is not a solid documentation system of the treatment and management of sickle cell anemia by this group. This is due to their fears of having their methods “stolen” by fellow practitioners. Recommendations by the authors include having the association leaders document and track the treatment and disease management methods used by their members and implementing a training program for the indigenous traditional medicine practitioners. Further research needed includes exploring the various ways to integrate western medical practices with traditional practices as well as investigating ways to encourage collaboration and sharing of information between indigenous medical practitioners.

scholarly journals Pharmacists’ Perception of the Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19) in Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11541
Author(s):  
Tamara Al-Daghastani ◽  
Odate Tadros ◽  
Shereen Arabiyat ◽  
Deema Jaber ◽  
Husam AlSalamat
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Second Wave

Objectives: To analyze the role of pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic, to measure pharmacists’ attitude toward COVID-19 safety measures (wearing masks, wearing gloves, isolation shield, good hygiene, etc.), and explore their perspectives regarding a second wave of the virus. Methods: This cross-sectional online survey study was conducted in Jordan during the COVID-19 outbreak in July 2020 to discuss Jordanian pharmacists’ awareness of safety at their workplace during the COVID-19 outbreak, their sources of information, and their predictions for COVID-19 vaccination. Results: The participants (n = 311) were all pharmacists mostly aged between 23–30 years old (45%) and female (83%). The primary source of information about COVID-19 was social networking (38.9%). Pharmacists were committed to social distancing (86.5%) and wearing masks (76.2%). They expressed levels of agreement to their role in decreasing COVID-19 spread (94.2%) and correcting false information (94.5%); they expressed levels of expectation toward concern about a second COVID-19 wave (83%) that would be more severe than the previous one (43.4%). Pharmacists expected that an influenza vaccine might be helpful in decreasing severity and spread of the COVID-19 pandemic (56.9%). Pharmacists expected COVID-19 vaccine development within 6 months of administering our study survey (84.9%) and that vaccination might be effective in preventing COVID-19 (93%) infection. Conclusion: Pharmacists expressed positive roles on COVID-19 spread through exemplary actions, self-commitment to protection measures, and public health awareness. Social media as a source of health information should be cautiously investigated, and pharmacists should always refer to evidence-based sources. The role of pharmacists is particularly important for the upcoming era of COVID-19 vaccination administration and awareness.

The Manifestation of New Public Service Principles in Issuance of Emergency Use Authorization of COVID-19 Vaccine by BPOM

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Alexander Arie Sanata Dharma
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Regulatory Authority ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Public ◽  
One Year

The COVID-19 pandemic has lasted more than one year, and vaccines are the primary expectation of ending it. The vaccine development successfully accelerated from 10-15 years to only about 12-16 months through several adjustments. In a health crisis, the vaccine can be accepted through Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by a country's regulatory authority. In Indonesia, the role is carried out by the Indonesia Food and Drug Administration (BPOM). This study proposes analyzing the manifestation of the principles of the New Public Service in issuing EUA for the COVID-19 vaccine. This research uses qualitative methods through secondary data analysis on written sources of information such as websites, reports, social media, books, and journals. Based on the analysis, in issuing the EUA COVID-19 vaccine, BPOM has performed the principles of the New Public Service. BPOM, with all stakeholders, insisted on their values (quality, safety, and efficacy) to facilitate the EUA process due to the urgency of the emergency. With this effort, the public can afford vaccines that safe and meet the efficacy and quality standard within the expected time.Keywords : COVID-19, Emergency Use Authorization, Indonesia FDA, New Public Service

scholarly journals How primary healthcare workers obtain information during consultations to aid safe prescribing in low-income and lower middle-income countries: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. e002094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Smith ◽  
Michelle Helena van Velthoven ◽  
Nguyen Duc Truong ◽  
Nguyen Hai Nam ◽  
Vũ Phan Anh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Quality Of Reporting ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Registration Number

BackgroundWe systematically reviewed the evidence on how primary healthcare workers obtain information during consultations to support decision-making for prescribing in low and lower middle-income countries.MethodsWe searched electronic databases, consulted the Healthcare Information For All network, hand searched reference lists, ran citation searches of included studies and emailed authors of identified papers. Two reviewers extracted data and appraised quality with relevant tools.ResultsOf 60 497 records found, 23 studies met our inclusion criteria. Fourteen studies were observational and nine were interventional. Frequently mentioned sources of information were books, leaflets, guidelines, aids and the internet. These sources were sometimes out of date and health workers reported being confused which to use. Internet access varied and even when it was available, use was limited by technical issues. Of the five electronic tools that were assessed, four had positive outcomes. Tools assisted prescribers with medicine selection and dosage calculations, which increased prescribing accuracy. The quality of reporting varied but was overall low.DiscussionStudies indicated a lack of up-to-date and relevant medicine information in low and lower middle-income settings. Internet-based sources appeared to be useful when it is possible to download content for offline use and to update when there is internet access. Electronic tools showed promise, but their accuracy needs to be validated and they should focus on giving actionable advice to guide prescribers.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018091088.

scholarly journals Knowledge about Cervical Cancer and Awareness of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV Vaccine among Female Students from Serbia

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 406
Author(s):  
Nataša K. Rančić ◽  
Milan B. Golubović ◽  
Mirko V. Ilić ◽  
Aleksanda S. Ignjatović ◽  
Radomir M. Živadinović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Medical Professional ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cancer Knowledge ◽  
The Media ◽  
Promotion Campaigns

Background and objectives: Persistent infection with carcinogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) is the leading cause of cervical cancer. The study explored students’ knowledge about cervical cancer and awareness of human papillomavirus and the HPV vaccine. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire-based survey was carried out among 1616 first-year female college students at the University of Niš. It examined socio-demographic characteristics, measured the score of knowledge about cervical cancer, assessed awareness regarding HPV and the HPV vaccine and inquired about the source of information about cervical cancer and HPV. Results: The average cervical cancer knowledge score was 16.35 ± 7.92 (min 0, max 30), with medical professional education, parents’ education level, place of residence and relationship status having significant effects on the score. The awareness about HPV and the HPV vaccine was low, with only 14.2% of students having heard about both HPV and its vaccine. The most commonly reported sources of information were the media, while the most competent one was organized health education. Conclusions: Health promotion campaigns and educational programs are necessary in order to reduce cervical cancer burden and should be directed particularly towards those who have demonstrated low cervical cancer knowledge and low awareness regarding HPV and its vaccine.

scholarly journals Staff recognition and its importance for surgical service delivery: a qualitative study in Freetown, Sierra Leone

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Willott ◽  
Nick Boyd ◽  
Haja Wurie ◽  
Isaac Smalle ◽  
T B Kamara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Access And Quality ◽  
Frontline Healthcare Workers ◽  
Surgical System

Abstract We examined the views of providers and users of the surgical system in Freetown, Sierra Leone on processes of care, job and service satisfaction and barriers to achieving quality and accessible care, focusing particularly on the main public tertiary hospital in Freetown and two secondary and six primary sites from which patients are referred to it. We conducted interviews with health care providers (N = 66), service users (n = 24) and people with a surgical condition who had chosen not to use the public surgical system (N = 13), plus two focus groups with health providers in primary care (N = 10 and N = 10). The overall purpose of the study was to understand perceptions on processes of and barriers to care from a variety of perspectives, to recommend interventions to improve access and quality of care as part of a larger study. Our research suggests that providers perceive their relationships with patients to be positive, while the majority of patients see the opposite: that many health workers are unapproachable and uncaring, particularly towards poorer patients who are unable or unwilling to pay staff extra in the form of informal payments for their care. Many health care providers note the importance of lack of recognition shown to them by their superiors and the health system in general. We suggest that this lack of recognition underlies poor morale, leading to poor care. Any intervention to improve the system should therefore consider staff–patient relations as a key element in its design and implementation, and ideally be led and supported by frontline healthcare workers.

Impact of Indigenous Language Media on Safe Motherhood Practices

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-95
Author(s):  
Funmi Falobi
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Safe Motherhood ◽  
Indigenous Language ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Radio Stations ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Nursing Mothers ◽  
Professional Health ◽  
The Media

This chapter examines the role of indigenous language media and how it has impacted safe motherhood practices in Lagos State. The objectives are to know how the media using indigenous languages have been able to reach more women and inform them on best practices on safe motherhood practices and whether professional health providers communicate in indigenous language to women during ante natal sessions. A questionnaire was administered on pregnant women and nursing mothers at a public general hospital in the state while nurses were interviewed on the use of indigenous language. The research was also carried out in three indigenous radio stations in Lagos. The study found that for Nigeria in general, and Lagos State in particular, to reduce maternal mortality rate and advance in safe motherhood practices, involvement of indigenous language media is imperative in giving women necessary information. The majority of the respondents answered that they would prefer health workers to speak in the local language.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document