Social psychology as a developmental discipline in the dynamics of practical life: Gustav Jahoda’s pioneering studies on children’s social thinking

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Marková ◽  
Jorge Correia Jesuino
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Scholarly Work ◽  
Jean Piaget ◽  
Social Thinking ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Practical Life ◽  
Cultural Discipline ◽  
Children’S Thinking

Gustav Jahoda’s research on children’s development of ideas and concepts constitutes a fundamental contribution to social psychology as a developmental and cultural discipline. Jahoda conceived humans in their interdependent relations with socio-cultural and historical environments in which they live, attain knowledge and act. Jahoda’s research on the diversities of thought and agency in children was the subject of meticulous conceptual and methodological rigour. His scholarly work crossed several social and human sciences. This tribute focuses on Jahoda’s early studies of children’s ‘social thinking’ about nationality and economic systems that he carried out in Glasgow. Later in his life Jahoda pursued his ideas on children’s thinking in a close dialogue with other scholars among whom Jean Piaget, Lucien Lévy-Bruhl and Serge Moscovici assumed particular relevance.

scholarly journals A RATIONALE DOS POSICIONAMENTOS ACERCA DAS COTAS: UM LEVANTAMENTO TEÓRICO E EMPÍRICO DE ESTUDOS BRASILEIROS NO SÉCULO XXI

polemica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 054-071
Author(s):  
Thamiris Marques ◽  
Álvaro Rafael Santana Peixoto ◽  
Rafael Pecly Wolter
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
College Students ◽  
Social Thought ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Structural Homology ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Cause ◽  
The Right

Resumo: Este artigo propõe uma discussão acerca dos posicionamentos relativos às cotas. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura com a finalidade de levantar argumentos favoráveis e contrários às cotas, oriundos de estudos de quatro áreas das Ciências Humanas (psicologia social, antropologia, sociologia e educação) realizados no Brasil a partir dos anos 2000 com enfoque no posicionamento de estudantes universitários. Constatou-se que os argumentos desfavoráveis ao sistema de reserva de vagas estão calcados, principalmente, em problemas decorrentes da vigência da medida, enquanto nos argumentos favoráveis encontram-se a eficácia das cotas e sua finalidade de reparo histórico-social. Foram levantadas possíveis causas que levam grupos de pessoas a se posicionar em relação às cotas: a primeira causa está relacionada com as experiências individuais prévias, que ocorrem quando o fato de conviver ou presenciar discriminação em relação a minorias marca os indivíduos e faz com que possuam posicionamento favorável ou contrário acerca do tema; a segunda causa corresponde ao direito ao benefício, já que o fato do sujeito poder ou não se beneficiar das cotas traria uma influência no posicionamento que tem da medida. A terceira causa seria a proximidade com os cotistas, que corresponde à aproximação do sujeito com pessoas do círculo pessoal que são cotistas; a quarta causa seria a homologia estrutural, de modo que a posição que se ocupa na estrutura da sociedade influencia diretamente no julgamento de objetos e suas relações com indivíduos de outra posição na estrutura. A quinta causa é a Ideologia, onde representações ideologicamente marcadas (acerca da justiça, igualdade, mérito) influenciariam no posicionamento acerca das cotas. Portanto, os posicionamentos não ocorrem apenas de forma individual e se sustentariam também a partir de causas psicossociais.Palavras-chave: Cotas. Atitude. Pensamento social. Universitários.Abstract: This article proposes a discussion about the positions about quotas. A review of the literature was realized with the purpose of raising arguments favorable and against quotas, from studies in four areas of the Human Sciences (social psychology, anthropology, sociology and education) published in Brazil from the 2000s with a focus on the positioning of college students. are mainly based on problems arising from the difficulty of allocating quotas, while the favorable arguments are the effectiveness of quotas and their purpose of historical and social repair. Possible causes that lead groups of people to position themselves in relation to quotas have been verified: the first cause is related to the previous individual experiences, which occur when the fact of living or witnessing discrimination in relation to minorities marks the individuals and makes them be favorable or against the subject; the second cause corresponds to the right to the benefit, since the fact that the subject may or may not benefit from quotas would have an influence on the position of the measure. The third cause would be proximity to the quota students, which corresponds to the approximation of the subject with people in the personal circle who are quota students; the fourth cause would be structural homology, so that the position that a group occupies in the structure of society directly influences the judgment of objects and their relations with individuals of another position in the structure. The fifth cause is Ideology, where ideologically marked representations (about justice, equality, merit) would influence the positioning of dimensions. Therefore, the positioning does not only occur individually and would also be sustained from psychosocial causes.Keywords: Quotas. Attitude. Social thought. College students

C. S. Lewis and the Truth about Angels

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-110
Author(s):  
Janice Brown
Keyword(s):  
Renaissance Literature ◽  
Scholarly Work ◽  
Deep Space ◽  
The Subject

Lewis’s perspective on angels is apparent in The Discarded Image, his scholarly work on medieval and Renaissance literature. His preface to The Screwtape Letters reveals the seriousness with which he approaches the subject: it proposes that a mistaken view of angelic beings is more dangerous than ignorance of them. The space trilogy seeks to avert that danger. In it we are confronted by angelic eldila—inscrutable and holy beings inhabiting “deep space” who relentlessly accomplish the purposes of the Almighty. Characterized by absolute goodness and archetypal charity, they are serene yet they pulsate with energy. Lewis’s intense interest in angels is further apparent in a number of his poems. Throughout his work he depicts angels as real beings, inhabiting an actual universe, who actually participate our lives. They represent mysterious eternal realities, yet they are part of God’s daily providence.

Rights, Authority, and Workability: An Examination of Universal Jurisdiction

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
Srdan Durica
Keyword(s):  
Universal Jurisdiction ◽  
Scholarly Work ◽  
Contemporary State ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Areas ◽  
The Subject

In this paper, I conceptualize ‘universal jurisdiction’ along three axes: rights, authority, and workability to reduce the compendium of scholarly work on the subject into three prominent focus areas. I then review the longstanding debates between critics and supports, and ultimately show the vitality of this debate and persuasiveness of each side’s sets of arguments. By using these three axes as a sort of methodological filter, one can develop a richer understanding of universal jurisdiction, its theoretical pillars, practical barriers, and the core areas of contention that form the contemporary state of knowledge.

Euler's contribution to number theory

2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (522) ◽  
pp. 453-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Shiu
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Number Theory ◽  
Scientific Output ◽  
Scholarly Work ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Complete Work ◽  
Leonhard Euler ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historic Background

Individuals who excel in mathematics have always enjoyed a well deserved high reputation. Nevertheless, a few hundred years back, as an honourable occupation with means to social advancement, such an individual would need a patron in order to sustain the creative activities over a long period. Leonhard Euler (1707-1783) had the fortune of being supported successively by Peter the Great (1672-1725), Frederich the Great (1712-1786) and the Great Empress Catherine (1729-1791), enabling him to become the leading mathematician who dominated much of the eighteenth century. In this note celebrating his tercentenary, I shall mention his work in number theory which extended over some fifty years. Although it makes up only a small part of his immense scientific output (it occupies only four volumes out of more than seventy of his complete work) it is mostly through his research in number theory that he will be remembered as a mathematician, and it is clear that arithmetic gave him the most satisfaction and also much frustration. Gazette readers will be familiar with many of his results which are very well explained in H. Davenport's famous text [1], and those who want to know more about the historic background, together with the rest of the subject matter itself, should consult A. Weil's definitive scholarly work [2], on which much of what I write is based. Some of the topics being mentioned here are also set out in Euler's own Introductio in analysin infinitorum (1748), which has now been translated into English [3].

scholarly journals THE DOYEN OF TURKISH LITERATURE IN REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- ILHAMI EMIN

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 2295-2299
Author(s):  
Ivana Koteva ◽  
Mahmut Celik
Keyword(s):  
Scholarly Work ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Turkish Literature ◽  
Turkish People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Great Merit ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Turkey ◽  
The City

The subject of our interest in the research that preceded this scholarly work was the life and creative path of Ilhami Emin, that is, his contribution to the development of Turkish literature in the Republic of Macedonia. For the purpose we consulted with literary works that offer many data, that is, they talk about the period in which he lived and created "the poet of the Turkish people". Beginning from his birth in the city of Radovis, his tumultuous school years to his work and successful acting in various cultural areas, we once again prove his great merit for the development of Turkish literature in our region. Ilhami Emin conveyed another important feature in his creation, which is bilingualism. Namely, he creates and publishes in parallel both in Turkish and in the Macedonian language, that is, his works are published in the Republic of Macedonia and the Republic of Turkey, which is why we can say that Emin has in range and aesthetically charged both the Turkish and the Macedonian literature.

scholarly journals METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF UNION OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC SYSTEMS UNDER GLOBALIZATION CONDITIONS (USING THE EXAMPLE OF THE EAEC)

2017 ◽  
pp. 187-208
Author(s):  
Alexandr Matveev ◽  
Vladimir Matveev
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Systemic Crisis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Post Soviet Space

Two processes are distinguished: globalization and free trade. The objectivity of the globalization process is substantiated. Classification of forms of integration is given. It is pointed out that the version of the process of globalization depends on the subject of its implementation and the concept (idea) on which this option is based. The systemic crisis that has engulfed all of humanity proves the perniciousness and deadlock of the further realization of integration processes on the basis of mondialism. The necessity of forming control systems based on the integration of national states is argued. A review of possible options for integration in the post-Soviet space is being made. The arguments about the mission of Russia as a leader in the integration processes in the post-Soviet space and on a global scale are presented.

scholarly journals O Aberto: O Homem e o Animal de Giorgio Agamben – Uma Tentativa Hipertextual/The Open: The man and the animal of Giorgio Agamben - A hypertext attempt

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Cléber Ranieri Ribas de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Giorgio Agamben ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Control ◽  
Manipulation And Control

O artigo se propõe elaborar uma exegese do livro O Aberto: o Homem e o Animal, de Giorgio Agamben, de maneira a expor o argumento central da obra bem como situar o autor na Filosofia Política contemporânea. Para Agamben, o aberto não se situa unicamente numa analítica fenomenológico-existencial do ser: politicamente, o lugar privilegiado de movimentação desse conceito situa-se especificamente na biofilosofia dos graus do orgânico. A definição desses graus torna-se cada vez mais imprecisa à medida em que se propõe distinguir o limite entre o que é o animal e o que é o humano. A inovação de Agamben na abordagem dessa questão, portanto, está no modo como ele politiza o tema do aberto e o situa numa zona estratégica entre a zoologia e as políticas do homem. A entificação do tema, o aberto, não é para o autor um índice de conspurcação cientificista; é, antes, um índice de incessante politização, isto é, realocação conceitual, modulação disciplinar e institucionalização jurídica. Agamben não quer apenas uma ciência da política, mas também uma política da ciência, entendendo a ciência como lugar soberano de mobilização, manipulação e controle dos corpos. Numa palavra, a ciência, especificamente, a biofilosofia e as ciências do homem, são legisladoras da decisão pública acerca do que é homem. E quem decide o que é o homem, decide ex ante, qual política e qual moral deve dispor sobre a ordem pública.Abstract: This paper aims to do an exegesis of Giorgio Agamben´s book The Open: the Man and the Animal, in order to expose its central point as well as to contextualize the author in Contemporary Political Philosophy. According to Agamben the open is not situated only in a phenomenological-existential analytics of being: politically the privileged place of that concept is specifically on the biophilosophy of organic grades. The definition of those grades becomes more and more imprecise as long as it aims to distinguish the limit between the man and the animal. The innovation of Agamben is the way how he politizes the subject of open and places it on a strategic zone between the zoology and the politics of man. Agamen does not want only a science of the political, but alson a politics of science by understanding the science as a sovereign place of mobilization, manipulation, and control of bodies. In a word, the science, especially the biophilosophy and the human sciences, are legislators of public decision about what man is. And who decides what the man is, do it ex ante which politics and which moral should rule over the public order. Keywords: Agamben, mankind, animal, biophilosophy.

Bourdieu’s Unlikely Contribution to the Human Sciences

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Levi Martin
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Field Theory ◽  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gestalt Psychology ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Reciprocal Relations ◽  
Academic Field ◽  
Do So

Chapter abstract The author of this chapter proposes that we consider Bourdieu’s work neither on its own terms, nor in the terms of the postwar French academic field, but in terms of the general problems that it solved. When we do so, we find that Bourdieu developed lines of thinking that had stalled in Germany and the United States. The former was the field theoretic tradition associated with Gestalt psychology and empirical phenomenology; the second was the habit theoretic tradition associated increasingly with pragmatism. Each had stalled because each seemed, in a way, too successful—everything turned into habit for pragmatist social psychology; field theory also put everything indiscriminately in the field of experience. By focusing on the reciprocal relations of habitus and field, Bourdieu developed these insights in ways that allowed for empirical exploration, and that cut against the French rationalist vocabulary that he inherited.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher C. Fennell
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Commodity Chains ◽  
Economic Dynamics ◽  
Ethnic Networks ◽  
Global Commodity Chains ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
The Subject

The introduction provides an overview of the themes of world economic systems, global commodity chains, and ways in which development plans can be thwarted by local social networks and ostensibly peripheral players. This chapter opens the subject of the ways in which these theories have neglected the impacts of ethnic networks and racism upon economic dynamics. This critique is revisited and expanded in the concluding chapters seven and eleven.

Analysis of Social Media in Administration

2012 ◽  
pp. 845-861
Author(s):  
Karoll Haussler Carneiro Ramos ◽  
Joselice Ferreira Lima ◽  
Flávio Elias de Deus ◽  
Luis Fernando Ramos Molinaro
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Psychology ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Organizational Practices ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Points Of View

This chapter analyzes some case studies about social media in organizations’ administration. To do this, social media’s epistemological base will be introduced, considering contributions from the subject of organizational behavior. The importance of this discipline is that it brings together social sciences points of view (social psychology, sociology and anthropology). After this, views will be presented regarding the mathematical nature of social media. In this part, the internet’s influence on social media will also be discussed, for it has contributed to a new common sense, and it is responsible for social media popularity. Finally, how social media interferes in organizations will be attested to, as well as how it can be managed. In order to help the understanding of such knowledge, a survey will be introduced, with articles related to organizational practices in social media.

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