scholarly journals Polyphenols From Vitis vinifera Lambrusco By-Products (Leaves From Pruning): Extraction Parameters Evaluation Through Design of Experiment

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1986290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Tacchini ◽  
Ilaria Burlini ◽  
Immacolata Maresca ◽  
Alessandro Grandini ◽  
Tatiana Bernardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Design Of Experiment ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
By Products

Vitis vinifera L. leaves from pruning are by-products of the wine industry and represent an important source of secondary raw material, thanks to their polyphenols content. Optimization of the extraction processes is a key factor for their valorization, and Design of Experiment (DOE) could be a tool to obtain the most performing extract in terms of polyphenols quality/quantity and bioactivity. Vitis vinifera Lambrusco leaves were subjected to ultrasound-assisted extractions guided by a 23 factorial design. Three independent parameters (% solvent, time of extraction, and solvent:solid ratio) were considered to evaluate the extraction process by analyzing the extraction yield, the total phenolic content (Folin-Ciocalteu assay), and the antioxidant capacity (DPPH assay). Moreover, the content of the main molecules was identified and quantified by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection and mass spectrometry. The DOE highlighted the best extraction conditions that showed slight changes considering the different evaluating parameters. The highest extraction yield was obtained by extraction with 100% water, 60 minutes of extraction time, and 30:1 solvent:solid ratio, but it was neither the richest in polyphenols nor antioxidant capacity. The latter 2 characteristics were associated with the extraction performed using 50% ethanol, 35 minutes of extraction time, and a 20:1 solvent:solid ratio. That extract also exhibited the highest quantity of flavonols.

scholarly journals Optimization of Extraction Conditions of Bioactive Compounds by Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction from Artichoke Wastes

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 658-666
Author(s):  
Izzet Turker ◽  
Hilal Isleroglu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Extraction Processes ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction

In this study, bioactive compounds were extracted by ultrasonic-assisted extraction and classical extraction processes using distilled water as solvent from artichoke leaves which are considered as agricultural wastes. Antioxidant capacity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content values of the obtained bioactive extracts were determined, and extraction yields and times were evaluated to compare the extraction processes. Also, the optimum extraction conditions of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (extraction time and ultrasonic power) which provide the highest extraction yield were determined using D-optimal design by ‘desirability’ function approach. According to the results, bioactive extracts having high antioxidant capacity were obtained at shorter times and higher extraction yields were achieved by ultrasonic-assisted extraction process than classical extraction. The highest extraction yield was estimated as 98.46% with an application of 20.05 minutes of extraction time and 65.02% of ultrasonic amplitude for the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process.

scholarly journals Extraction of anthocyanins from Syrah grape (Vitis Vinifera L.) pomace using pressurized liquids assisted by ultrasound

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Gonçalves Broco e Silva ◽  
Julian Martinez ◽  
Débora Tamires Vitor Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Valuable Compounds ◽  
Pressurized Liquids ◽  
Monomeric Anthocyanins

Pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) is a clean technology able to extract valuable compounds from plant matrices that, when combined with ultrasound, appears as an appropriate technique to reduce the extraction time. In this context, the objective of this work was to obtain extracts with high concentrations of anthocyanins from grape residue using PLE assisted by ultrasound. In the PLE assisted by ultrasound, ultrasonic powers of 240, 400 and 520 W were evaluated. The power of 240 W produced extracts with higher content of monomeric anthocyanins, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity.

scholarly journals Grape (Vitis vinifera L. cv. País) Juices Obtained by Steam Extraction

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1670
Author(s):  
Walther Ide ◽  
Constanza Sabando ◽  
Johanna Castaño ◽  
Natalia Pettinelli ◽  
Richard Bustos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Steam Extraction ◽  
Extraction Device

Vitis vinifera L. cv. País is an ancestral Chilean grape undervalued due to its undesirable oenological characteristics. In this study, steam extraction for the production of grape juice, a new product, according to our knowledge, is proposed as an alternative for the valorization of this fruit. The effect of the extraction time on the composition and antioxidant capacity of País grape juice obtained was evaluated, as well as the change in the phenolic profile during storage. The soluble solid values and total polyphenol and total anthocyanin content increased with the extraction time. However, a residence time of the juice in the extraction device higher than 10 min led to thermal degradation of anthocyanins and flavonols. The most abundant phenolic compound identified and quantified by HPLC-DAD in the País grape juice was cinnamic acid. The storage of juices had a greater effect on anthocyanin and flavonol losses than the residence time of the juice in the extraction device. The antioxidant capacity of juice measured by ABTS and ferric reducing power assays ranged from 3 to 5 mmol trolox/L and from 10 to 18 mM Fe2+/L, respectively. In summary, steam extraction is a viable method to produce País grape juice with antioxidant capacity.

scholarly journals Potential of landrace winery by-products (Vitis vinifera L.) as a source of phenolic compounds with antioxidant properties

OENO One ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Maria Carme Garau ◽  
María Reyes González-Centeno ◽  
Joana Maria Luna ◽  
Antoni Negre ◽  
Carmen Rosselló ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Balearic Islands ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Wine Sector ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
First Time ◽  
By Products

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aim</strong>: To evaluate the potential of the main winery by-products – pressed pomaces, fermented pomaces and stems –, derived from minor grape varieties (<em>Escursac</em>, <em>Gorgollassa</em> and <em>Sabater</em> as red varieties, <em>Giró</em> <em>ros</em> and <em>Quigat</em> as white varieties) native to the Balearic Islands (Spain), as raw material for the production of phenolic concentrates with antioxidant properties.<strong></strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: Total phenolics, tannins and anthocyanins, as well as antioxidant capacity of winery by-products were spectrophotometrically evaluated and compared to those of <em>Cabernet sauvignon</em> and <em>Chardonnay</em> varieties. In general, stems presented higher average total phenolic (5.57 ± 1.25 g/100 g dm) and total tannin (10.26 ± 2.10 g/100 g dm) contents than the corresponding pomaces, with the landrace variety <em>Escursac</em> being that which exhibited the highest values (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). For pomaces, those sampled after the fermentation process presented larger amounts of polyphenols than those collected just after the pressing process, and the fermented pomaces from the autochthonous varieties<em> Escursac</em> and <em>Sabater</em> were those with the highest potential.<strong></strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: The present research demonstrated that landrace minor varieties denoted similar, or even higher, phenolic and antioxidant potential than the reference grape varieties. The characterization performed might be the basis for their integrated use and revalorization as promising sources of phenolic concentrates, despite not having still undergone the selection process that the traditional grape varieties have been subjected to as a result of decades of intensive production.<strong></strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of the study</strong>: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the phenolic composition and antioxidant properties of winery by-products from grape varieties native to the Balearic Islands are examined. Due to the increasing use of these minor grape varieties in winemaking, the phenolic characterization of their by-products is of great interest for the wine sector, which could exploit these underutilized resources more efficiently and extensively so as to support sustainable agricultural production.</p>

scholarly journals Active Compound Identification in Extracts of N. lappaceum Peel and Evaluation of Antioxidant Capacity

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Mariel Monrroy ◽  
Onix Araúz ◽  
José Renán García
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Compound Identification ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
By Products

Nephelium lappaceum and its by-products have great potential in the agricultural, pharmaceutical, and food industries. Some studies have shown that N. lappaceum by-products exhibit antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties. However, studies focused on identifying these compounds are rare. The availability of polyphenolic compounds can vary according to environmental conditions, soil, plant variety, and agronomic management. Therefore, in this study, the active compounds in extracts of the N. lappaceum peel were identified, and their antioxidant properties were evaluated using various extraction solvents and both ultrasonic and boiling extraction techniques. The chemical characterization of the N. lappaceum peel exhibited carbohydrate and reducing sugar contents of 12 and 2%, respectively. Phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of flavonoids, tannins, terpenes, and steroids. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents and total antioxidant capacity were the highest in the hydroethanolic extract obtained by ultrasound, with values of 340 mg gallic acid equivalents g−1, 76 mg quercetin equivalents g−1, and 2.9 mmol of Trolox equivalents g−1, respectively. Contrarily, the total anthocyanin content was higher in the acid extract obtained by ultrasound, with a value of 0.7 mg cyanidin-3-O-glucoside equivalents g−1. A total of 18 compounds—including hydroxybenzene, phenolic acid, flavonoids, fatty acids (saturated, unsaturated, and ester), vitamin, arenecarbaldehyde, and phthalate—were identified for the first time in the N. lappaceum peel using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The identified compounds have been previously isolated from other plants and reportedly exhibit anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. Thus, the N. lappaceum peel was shown to be a potential source of bioactive compounds of immense importance in the pharmacological and food industries.

scholarly journals Grading and Sorting of Grape Berries Using Visible-Near Infrared Spectroscopy on the Basis of Multiple Inner Quality Parameters

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 2600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Xiao ◽  
Li Feng ◽  
Dajie Song ◽  
Kang Tu ◽  
Jing Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Partial Least Squares ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Grape Berries ◽  
Grape Quality

The potential of visible-near infrared (vis/NIR) spectroscopy (400 nm to 1100 nm) for classification of grape berries on the basis of multi inner quality parameters was investigated. Stored Vitis vinifera L. cv. Manicure Finger and Vitis vinifera L. cv. Ugni Blanc grape berries were separated into three classes based on the distribution of total soluble solid content (SSC) and total phenolic compounds (TP). Partial least squares regression (PLS) was applied to predict the quality parameters, including color space CIELAB, SSC, and TP. The prediction results showed that the vis/NIR spectrum correlated with the SSC and TP present in the intact grape berries with determination coefficient of prediction (RP2) in the range of 0.735 to 0.823. Next, the vis/NIR spectrum was used to distinguish between berries with different SSC and TP concentrations using partial least squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) with >77% accuracy. This study provides a method to identify stored grape quality classes based on the spectroscopy and distributions of multiple inner quality parameters.

scholarly journals Valorization of Vineyard By-Products to Obtain Composted Digestate and Biochar Suitable for Nursery Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Production

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Ronga ◽  
Enrico Francia ◽  
Giulio Allesina ◽  
Simone Pedrazzi ◽  
Massimo Zaccardelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
By Products

Although compost and biochar received high attention as growing media, little information is available on the potential of vineyard by-products for the production and use of composted solid digestate (CSD) and biochar (BC). In the present study, two experiments are reported on CSD and BC mixed with commercial peat (CP) for grapevine planting material production. Four doses (0, 10%, 20%, 40% vol.) of CSD and BC were assessed in the first and second experiment, respectively. CSD mixed at a dose of 10% recorded the highest values of shoot dry weight (SDW) and a fraction of total dry biomass allocated to shoot (FTS), both cropping bench-graft and bare-rooted vine. On the other hand, CSD mixed at a dose of 40% displayed the highest values of SDW and FTS, cropping two-year-old vine. BC used at a dose of 10% improved SDW, root dry weight, total dry weight, FTS, shoot diameter, and height on bare-rooted vine. The present study shows that CSD and BC, coming from the valorization of vineyard by-products, can be used in the production of innovative growing media suitable for nursery grapevine production. Further studies are needed to assess the combined applications of CSD and BC in the same growing media.

scholarly journals Phenolic composition of vine leaves infusions produced from different Portuguese and Spanish Vitis vinifera L. varieties

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 04004
Author(s):  
A.M. Jordão ◽  
J. Sousa ◽  
A.C. Correia ◽  
M.E. Valdés ◽  
F.M. Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Phenolic Composition ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Interesting Alternative

The main object of the present study was to analyze the phenolic composition of vine leaves infusions prepared from 8 different Portuguese (Fernão Pires, Touriga Franca, Tinta Roriz, Encruzado, Touriga Nacional, Rufete, Baga, and Siria) and Spanish (Pardina, Cayetana, Garnacha, Cigüente, Eva, Tempranillo, Macabeo and Verdelho) Vitis vinifera L. varieties. In general, a wide range of phenolic content were obtained from the vine leaves infusions according to the vine variety used. Thus, for total phenolic content the values ranged from 18 to 37 mg/L for the infusions produced from Portuguese varieties, while for Spanish varieties the values ranged from 14 to 37 mg/L. Vine leaves infusions obtained from Touriga Franca and Pardina varieties showed the highest total phenolic content. As a consequence of phenolic composition, chromatic characteristics (L*, a* and b*) of vine leaves infusions were also analyzed. Finally, it was also detected different individual phenolic compounds, such as, coutaric acid, trans-caftaric acid, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, rutin and 3 different anthocyanins from the different vine leaves infusions. All of the results obtained in this work show that vine leaves infusion may be an interesting alternative source of phenolic compounds for human diet.

scholarly journals Exhibition of Local but Not Systemic Induced Phenolic Defenses in Vitis vinifera L. Affected by Brown Wood Streaking, Grapevine Leaf Stripe, and Apoplexy (Esca Complex)

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piebiep Goufo ◽  
Ana C. Marques ◽  
Isabel Cortez
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Induced Response ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Induced Responses ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Leaf Stripe ◽  
Long Latency ◽  
Arachidonic Acids

Balance between constitutive and induced responses provides plants flexibility to cope with biotic stresses. This study tested the hypothesis that invasion of grapevine wood by esca-associated fungi induces the production of defensive compounds as part of locally- and systemically-induced responses. In a vineyard, different symptomatic expressions of “Esca complex” in Vitis vinifera L. ‘Malvasia’ were evaluated in annual inspections. Then, levels of phenolics and fatty acids were determined in asymptomatic leaves of brown wood streaking (BWS) and grapevine leaf stripe (GLSD) vines, and in symptomatic leaves of GLSD and apoplectic vines; the results were compared with levels in healthy vines. In asymptomatic leaves of BWS and some GLSD vines, levels of phenolics decreased, independent of the total phenolic group. Such responses were usually associated with an increase in levels of linoleic, γ-linolenic and arachidonic acids, well-known signal transduction mediators. In symptomatic leaves, levels of phenolics increased, which is consistent with a locally-induced response; the onset of symptoms coincided with the highest increases e.g., 35% for quercetin-3-O-glucuronide. Thus, the long latency period between trunk invasion by fungi and visible foliar damage and the year-to-year fluctuation in symptomatic expressions observed with “Esca complex” might be partially attributed to a better utilization of constitutive defenses.

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