scholarly journals Review Article: Plica Syndrome of the Knee

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawfal Al-Hadithy ◽  
Panagiotis Gikas ◽  
Anant M Mahapatra ◽  
George Dowd
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Dull Pain ◽  
Arthroscopic Removal ◽  
Plica Syndrome

Plica syndrome is a pathological condition secondary to inflammation. Plicae around the knee are common and generally asymptomatic. They often are misdiagnosed. The morphology of knee plicae varies; mediopatellar plicae are the most common cause of the plicae syndrome. An intermittent dull pain is the most common symptom. Diagnosis is made by exclusion. Ultrasonography is useful; arthroscopy is the gold standard. Arthroscopic removal of the plica may be necessary when conservative treatment for up to 6 months fails.

scholarly journals Intracranial suppurations surgically managed at Jos, North Central Nigeria: a nine-years retrospective review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danaan J. Shilong ◽  
Gyang M. Bot
Keyword(s):  
Positive Culture ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
North Central ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Contiguous Spread

Background: Intracranial suppurations are rare but can be fatal entities consisting of pus collection within the intracranial cavity.  The aim of the study was to document the clinical and radiological findings in our patients and the outcome of treatment.Methods: A retrospective analysis of all consecutive patients presenting to the Jos University Teaching Hospital from January 2012 to December 2019. Data of interest were retrieved from their folders and entered into SPSS version 22 and descriptive statistics run on the variables.Results: There were 33 patients within this period, but only 21 had complete records and thus used for the analysis. The median age was 18 years (IQR=29), males accounted for 81% of the patients. The median time to presentation was 14 days (IQR=23). The most common cause of abscess in our series was trauma (surgical and non-surgical) in 38.1%, followed by contiguous spread from the ear or paranasal sinuses (23.8%). The most common symptom was fever occurring in 61.9%, followed by headache 42.8%. In two thirds of the patients, the abscess was intra-axial (the frontal lobe being the most common site). Patients were managed surgically with either a craniotomy (28.6%) or a burr whole (71.4%). A positive culture was obtained in 33.3% of cases.Conclusions: Intracranial suppurations are uncommon, but can occur in the setting of predisposing factors. A high index of suspicion is required to clinch the diagnosis.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and treatment of calcific tendinitis of the shoulder

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-209
Author(s):  
Min-Su Kim ◽  
In-Woo Kim ◽  
Sanghyeon Lee ◽  
Sang-Jin Shin
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Calcific Tendinitis ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Acute Calcific Tendinitis ◽  
Calcific Deposits ◽  
Pain Patients

Calcific tendinitis is the leading cause of shoulder pain. Among patients with calcific tendinitis, 2.7%–20% are asymptomatic, and 35%–45% of patients whose calcific deposits are inadvertently discovered develop shoulder pain. If symptoms are present, complications such as decreased range of motion of the shoulder joint should be minimized while managing pain. Patients with acute calcific tendinitis respond well to conservative treatment and rarely require surgery. In contrast, patients with chronic calcific tendinitis often do not respond to conservative treatment and do require surgery. Clinical improvement takes time, even after surgical treatment. This review article summarizes the processes related to the diagnosis and treatment of calcific tendinitis with the aim of helping clinicians choose appropriate treatment options for their patients.

Evidence-Based Diagnosis and Physiotherapy Management of Musculoskeletal Disorders of Cervical Spine

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 145-157
Author(s):  
Jibran Ahmed Khan ◽  
Vipin Kumar Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorder ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Joint Mobilization ◽  
Spine Disorders ◽  
Upper Extremity Symptoms

The main aim of this review article is to identify the evidence-based diagnosis and physiotherapy management of musculoskeletal disorder of cervical spine. Neck pain from cervical spine disorders is the most common cause of musculoskeletal disorders. Neck pain can exist alone or with the presence of upper-extremity symptoms. Key words: Neck Pain, Cervical Spine, Joint mobilization, Massage.

Comments on a case of ureteropelvic junction obstruction with late progression in an adult female

2021 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-250
Author(s):  
Carlo Gandi ◽  
Angelo Totaro ◽  
Riccardo Bientinesi ◽  
Emilio Sacco
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction ◽  
Ureteropelvic Junction ◽  
Case Description ◽  
Diuretic Renogram ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Ureteropelvic junction obstruction is a pathology typically diagnosed in childhood. Nevertheless, some clinically silent cases may be unnoticed until adulthood. Case description: We report the case of a 53-year-old female with hydronephrosis due to ureteropelvic junction stenosis diagnosed in the adulthood, who subsequently developed obstruction with progressive worsening of renal function without symptoms. Conclusion: The natural history of ureteropelvic junction obstruction is still obscure. Diuretic renogram is the gold standard for diagnosis and follow-up of ureteropelvic junction obstruction, but is weak in predicting the evolution of the disease, especially in patients with vague symptoms. Conservative treatment of adult patient with equivocal ureteropelvic junction obstruction seems reasonable, but requires a close clinical follow-up and strict patient compliance in order to promptly identify significant obstruction.

Conservative possibilities influencing PCOS syndrome – the importance of nutrition

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 343-348
Author(s):  
Dávid Líška ◽  
◽  
Jozef Záhumenský
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Therapeutic Diets

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common pathological condition in women. Conservative treatment is used in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. Conservative treatment options include increased physical activity and diet. The main aim of the article is to discuss the therapeutic treatment of infl uencing PCOS from a nutritional point of view. PCOS is associated with several comorbidities, including infertility, metabolic syndrome, obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes mellitus II, and increased cardiovascular risk. Several therapeutic diets can be used in the treatment of PCOS, such as the DASH diet, the low-carbohydrate diet, and a diet based on a low glycemic index. A change in eating habits is associated with improvement in PCOS symptoms. Key words: polycystic ovary syndrome – nutrition – diet – metabolic syndrome

Hepatic venous-portal gradient (HVPG) measurement: pearls and pitfalls

2021 ◽  
pp. 20210061
Author(s):  
Qiqi Lu ◽  
Sum Leong ◽  
Kristen Alexa Lee ◽  
Ankur Patel ◽  
Jasmine Ming Er Chua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Variceal Bleeding ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Selection And Assessment

Hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) is the gold-standard for measurement of portal hypertension, a common cause for life-threatening conditions such as variceal bleeding and hepatic encephalopathy. HVPG also plays a crucial role in risk stratification, treatment selection and assessment of treatment response. Thus recognition of common pitfalls and unusual hepatic venous conditions is crucial. This article aims to provide a radiographical and clinical guide to HVPG with representative clinical cases.

scholarly journals Role of Laparoscopy in Management of Ectopic Pregnancy

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-174
Author(s):  
Hasina Banu ◽  
Ju Wen Hui ◽  
Liu Hua
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Laparoscopic Treatment ◽  
Gold Standard Method ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
Future Fertility

Ectopic pregnancy means implantation of fertilized ovum outside the endometrial lining of the uterus. It remains the leading cause of early pregnancy-related death. Delay in diagnosis and treatment puts the life of women at risk. Laparoscopic surgery is increasingly becoming the preferred approach for ectopic pregnancy management. Laparoscopic treatment in ectopic pregnancy raises question of safety and feasibility when compared to laparotomy. In this review article our objective is to summarize the role of laparoscopy in management of ectopic pregnancy in comparison to laparotomy. For this, a literature search was done by using Google and PubMed. The selected articles were analyzed on laparoscopic treatment outcomes such as surgery success rate, operating time, intraoperative and postoperative complications, hospital stay, future fertility, postoperative recurrent ectopic pregnancy, cost-effectiveness in comparison to laparotomy. After analyzing all selected articles, it can be concluded that the laparoscopic management of ectopic pregnancy is safe, effective, and economical in comparision to laparotomy. So, for the patients’ benefit, laparoscopy should be considered as the gold standard method in management of ectopic pregnancy and is worthy to be popularized in clinical practice.J Enam Med Col 2015; 5(3): 170-174

scholarly journals Multicenter Evaluation of the Xpert Norovirus Assay for Detection of Norovirus Genogroups I and II in Fecal Specimens

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark D. Gonzalez ◽  
L. Claire Langley ◽  
Blake W. Buchan ◽  
Matthew L. Faron ◽  
Melanie Maier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Percent Agreement ◽  
Control And Prevention

Norovirus is the most common cause of sporadic gastroenteritis and outbreaks worldwide. The rapid identification of norovirus has important implications for infection prevention measures and may reduce the need for additional diagnostic testing. The Xpert Norovirus assay recently received FDA clearance for the detection and differentiation of norovirus genogroups I and II (GI and GII), which account for the vast majority of infections. In this study, we evaluated the performance of the Xpert Norovirus assay with both fresh, prospectively collected (n= 914) and frozen, archived (n= 489) fecal specimens. A Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) composite reference method was used as the gold standard for comparison. For both prospective and frozen specimens, the Xpert Norovirus assay showed positive percent agreement (PPA) and negative percent agreement (NPA) values of 98.3% and 98.1% for GI and of 99.4% and 98.2% for GII, respectively. Norovirus prevalence in the prospective specimens (collected from March to May of 2014) was 9.9% (n= 90), with the majority of positives caused by genogroup II (82%,n= 74). The positive predictive value (PPV) of the Xpert Norovirus assay was 75% for GI-positive specimens, whereas it was 86.5% for GII-positive specimens. The negative predictive values (NPV) for GI and GII were 100% and 99.9%, respectively.

scholarly journals Insight into Noninvasive Radiological Modalities to Detect Heart Transplant Rejection

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhruva Sharma ◽  
Ganapathy Subramaniam ◽  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Preksha Sharma ◽  
Pooja Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Heart Transplant ◽  
Allograft Rejection ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Transplant Rejection ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Heart Transplant Recipients ◽  
Heart Transplant Rejection

Abstract Purpose Patients with end-stage heart failure who remain symptomatic even with exemplary medical and device therapy are treated with heart transplantation. Multitudes of endeavor have been contrived during the last decennium in the field of noninvasive tests to rule out heart transplant rejection (HTR). In spite of having supportive literature, noninvasive imaging techniques lack acceptable documentation of clinical robustness, and endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) still remains the gold standard. The aim of this review is to shed light on the existing noninvasive radiological modalities to detect rejection among heart transplant recipients. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted for this review article on the basis of literature available including scientific databases of PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar, using keywords of “Heart transplantation,” “Acute allograft rejection,” “Arrhythmias,” “Echocardiography,” “Speckle tracking echocardiography,” and “Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging” from inception until September 2020. Results After preliminary screening of the databases, details regarding existent noninvasive radiological modalities to detect HTR were gathered and compiled in this review article. Currently, deformation imaging using speckle tracking and T2 time using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging can serve as screening tools based on which further invasive investigations can be planned. Standardization of blood-based and imaging modalities as screening and possible diagnostic tools for rejection would have obvious clinical and financial benefits in the care of growing number of post heart transplant recipients in our country. Conclusion Diagnosis of allograft rejection in heart transplant recipients through noninvasive techniques is demanding. To unravel the potential of noninvasive radiological modalities that can serve as a standard-of-care test, a prospective multicentric study randomizing noninvasive modality as first strategy versus current EMB-based gold standard of care is the need of the hour.

scholarly journals Evaluation and Management of Aural Atresia; Review Article

2021 ◽  
pp. 348-354
Author(s):  
Ahmed Osman Abdullah ◽  
Abrar Ali Aldhameen ◽  
Razan Mohammed Almutairi ◽  
Nada Abdullah Asiri ◽  
Abdulaziz amer Alshehri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
Review Article ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Aural Atresia ◽  
Otologic Surgery ◽  
Car Accidents ◽  
Hearing Devices

The absence of a patent ear canal, which can be acquired or congenital, is known as Aural Atresia. The most common cause of acquired Aural Atresia is an inflammatory response to trauma or otologic surgery. Although rare, acquired Aural Atresia is most commonly found after external ear trauma, such as car accidents, gunshot wounds, or recent otologic surgery. The main treatment of Aural Atresia is surgical, also the invention of bone anchored hearing devices provide greater alternative solution, each methods has its advantages of disadvantages, we hope In the future of developing more effective treatment options.

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