scholarly journals Presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in esophagus and its association with the clinicopathological characteristics and survival in patients with esophageal cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shegan Gao ◽  
Shuoguo Li ◽  
Zhikun Ma ◽  
Shuo Liang ◽  
Tanyou Shan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics

scholarly journals Frequencies of Porphyromonas gingivalis Detection in Oral-Digestive Tract Tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinyu Kong ◽  
Xiang Yuan ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Yiwen Liu ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Overall Survival Rate ◽  
Cardiac Stomach ◽  
Node Metastasis ◽  
Cancer Tissues

Mounting evidence suggests a causal relationship between specific bacterial infections and the development of certain malignancies. In this study, we examined the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) in oral-digestive tract tumors by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and PCR and analyzed the correlation between P. gingivalis detection and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of oral and esophageal carcinoma. The IHC results showed that the positive rates of P. gingivalis were 60.00, 46.00, 20.00, 6.67, and 2.86% in oral, esophagus, cardiac, stomach, and colorectal cancer tissues, respectively. Likewise, PCR results showed rates of 56.00, 42.00, 16.67, 3.33, and 2.86%, respectively. The two methods were consistent, and the kappa value was 0.806, P < 0.001. In addition, P. gingivalis expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and the clinical stages of oral and esophageal cancer (P < 0.05). The overall survival rate of the P. gingivalis undetected group (86, 50%) was significantly higher than that of the P. gingivalis detected group (57, 14%) for oral and esophageal cancer, respectively. In conclusion, the detection rate of P. gingivalis showed a decreasing trend in oral-digestive tract tumors. Detection with P. gingivalis was associated with poor prognosis for oral and esophageal cancer.

M1974 Clinicopathological Characteristics of Barrett's Esophageal Cancer in Japanese Patients and Long-Term Results of Therapy

2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. A-459
Author(s):  
Tomoyuki Koike ◽  
Toru Horii ◽  
Shuichi Ohara ◽  
Yasuhiko Abe ◽  
Katsunori Iijima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Long Term Results

PS02.094: EVALUATION OF ADDITIONAL TREATMENT AFTER NON-CURATIVE ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL RESECTION FOR ESOPHAGEAL CANCER

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 147-148
Author(s):  
Shinji Ohki ◽  
Takuto Hikichi ◽  
Leo Yamada ◽  
Daisuke Ujiie ◽  
Azuma Nirei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Curative Resection ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Overall Survival Rate ◽  
Superficial Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Node Metastasis ◽  
Submucosal Resection

Abstract Background Recently, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been used as a less invasive treatment for superficial esophageal cancer. Additional treatment is often required after non-curative resection to prevent local recurrence and lymph node metastasis. Here, we present the outcomes of various additional treatments for patients with superficial esophageal cancer who underwent ESD. Methods Between 2006 and 2017, we performed ESD in 179 patients (210 lesions) with superficial esophageal cancer and 44 cases resulted in the non-curative resection diagnosed by the pathological examination. Among them, 29 patients received additional treatment, whereas 15 patients with no additional treatment were followed up. Additional treatment included esophagectomy (8 patients), chemoradiotherapy (15 patients), ablation using argon plasma coagulation (4 patients), and chemotherapy alone (2 patients). We examined the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients in the additional esophagectomy group (S group) and chemoradiotherapy group (CRT group). Results Twenty-three patients with pT1a-MM, pT1b, lymphatic invasion, venous invasion, and positive resection margins (both horizontal and vertical) were divided into two treatment groups. Clinicopathological characteristics of patients in the S and CRT groups were not significantly different. Pathological findings after additional esophagectomy showed one residual tumor and one lymph node metastasis. There were no recurrences in the two groups. There was no statistically significant difference in the 5-year overall survival rate between the S group (87.5%) and the CRT group (93.3%). One patient from the S group died due to respiratory pneumonia, and one patient died due to radiation pneumonia. However, five out of the 15 (33.3%) patients who were followed up with no additional treatment developed recurrence. The 5-year overall survival rate was 40.4%, which was not significantly different from that in the additional treatment group. However, the 5-year relapse-free survival rate (30%) was significantly different from that in the additional treatment group (P > 0.05). Conclusion Additional treatment is essential after non-curative endoscopic submucosal resection for esophageal cancer. Additional esophagectomy and chemoradiotherapy were both safe and effective in this cohort. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

scholarly journals The role of Tannerella forsythia and Porphyromonas gingivalis in pathogenesis of esophageal cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartosz Malinowski ◽  
Anna Węsierska ◽  
Klaudia Zalewska ◽  
Maya M. Sokołowska ◽  
Wiktor Bursiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Tannerella Forsythia

Importance of long-term surveillance after curative esophagectomy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akikazu Yago ◽  
Yu Ohkura ◽  
Masaki Ueno ◽  
Kentoku Fujisawa ◽  
Yusuke Ogawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Second Malignancy ◽  
Surveillance Strategy ◽  
Curative Surgery ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Significant Difference

Summary Background The long-term outcomes after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer remain uncertain and the optimal surveillance strategy after curative surgery remains controversial. Methods In this study, the clinicopathological characteristics of patients who underwent curative thoracic esophagectomy between 1991 and 2015 at Toranomon Hospital were retrospectively analyzed and reviewed until December 2020. We evaluated the accumulated data regarding the pattern and rates of recurrence and second malignancy. Results A total of 1054 patients were eligible for inclusion in the study. Of these, 97% were followed up for 5 years, and the outcomes after 25 years could be determined in 65.5%. Recurrence was diagnosed in 318 patients (30.2%), and the most common pattern was lymph node metastasis (n = 168, 52.8%). Recurrence was diagnosed within 1 year in 174 patients (54.7%) and within 3 years in 289 (90.9%). Second malignancy possibly occurred through the entire study period after esophagectomy even in early-stage cancer, keeping 2%–5% of the incidental risk. There was no significant difference in the prognosis between 3-year survivors with and without a second malignancy. Conclusions Most recurrences after resection of esophageal cancer occurred within 3 years regardless of disease stage. However, these patients have an ongoing risk of developing a second malignancy after esophagectomy. Further consideration is required regarding the efficacy of long-term surveillance.

scholarly journals Clinical and Prognostic Implications of P21 (WAF1/CIP1) Expression in Patients with Esophageal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junbo Wu ◽  
Liang Liu ◽  
Feng Wu ◽  
Li Qiu ◽  
Ming Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Response To Chemotherapy

Background. Previous studies have demonstrated that P21 (WAF1/CIP1) is a valuable prognostic factor in several malignant tumors. However, it is not known whether P21 can predict the prognosis in patients with esophageal cancer (EC). The aim of this research was to investigate the contribution of P21 expression to the clinicopathological characteristics and of EC. Methods. A systematic review and meta-analysis of study focusing on P21 expression, clinicopathological characteristics, and clinical outcomes in patients with EC was performed using seven databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and four Chinese databases). Pooled hazard ratios and odds ratios were used to explore the association between P21 expression, clinicopathological characteristics, and outcomes in patients with EC. The heterogeneity of the studies was classified by the I2 statistic. The sensitivity analysis was then utilized to assess the robustness of the results. Finally, the funnel plot and Begg’s test were used to evaluate the publication bias. Results. Forty-five studies with 3098 patients were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Thirty of these studies reported on clinicopathological characteristics and 15 on clinical outcomes. The pooled hazard ratio of 1.456 (95% confidence intervals 1.033–2.053, P=0.032) for overall survival indicated that a low P21 expression level was an unfavorable prognostic factor for a clinical outcome in patients with EC. Furthermore, the pooled odds ratio confirmed an association between decreased P21 expression and poor clinicopathological characteristics, including differentiation, lymph node metastasis, invasion, and higher grade and clinical stage. Notably, high P21 expression was a significant predictor of a favorable response to chemotherapy. There was no evidence of publication bias. Conclusion. Reduced P21 expression is associated with a poor outcome in patients with EC.

scholarly journals 676 PD-L1 is induced by the periodontal pathogen porphyromonas gingivalis and can be blocked by small molecule gingipain inhibitors, including atuzaginstat

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. A715-A715
Author(s):  
Shirin Arastu-Kapur ◽  
Mai Nguyen ◽  
Sean Broce ◽  
Joseph Vacca ◽  
Kirk Ehmsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Wnt Pathway ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Periodontal Pathogen ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Dependent Manner

BackgroundThe periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) has been linked to esophageal and other cancers through epidemiology studies. Pg’s protease virulence factors known as gingipains have been identified in esophageal cancer tissue and correlate with worse disease prognosis. Anti-PD-1 antibodies have shown some success in esophageal cancer treatment, but further understanding of the induction of PD-L1 in esophageal cells is needed to identify potential treatment modalities. Pg has been shown to induce PD-L1 on the surface of infected cells, suggesting that the presence of Pg in esophageal cancer cells may contribute to PD-L1 expression and immune escape. One of the pathways known to induce PD-L1 is wnt pathway activation resulting in b-catenin translocation to the nucleus. Prior studies have demonstrated that Pg activates the wnt pathway by a non-canonical mechanism, leading to b-catenin nuclear localization.MethodsAn immortalized non-transformed esophageal cell line, Het-1A, was used to investigate the level of PD-L1 induction by Pg infection using quantitative immunofluorescence. PD-L1 expression was measured using irreversible gingipain inhibitors against lysine-gingipain (Kgp) and arginine-gingipain (Rgp). Pg-induced PD-L1 expression pathways were investigated by Western blot and qPCR. PD-L1 induction by Pg was characterized in cancer cell lines that have an endogenous level of PD-L1 expression, including tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC25) and neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y). PD-L1 induction by Pg was assessed in a murine derived RAW macrophage cell line that is critical for anti-PD-1 responses.ResultsPg infection increased PD-L1 expression on Het-1A cells within 24 hours of infection and increased PD-L1 mRNA within 4 hours of infection. PD-L1 expression level correlated with cellular bacterial burden on the cells in a dose-dependent manner. PD-L1 expression was decreased by the Kgp inhibitor, atuzaginstat, or an Rgp inhibitor, COR613, and PD-L1 expression was completely blocked when both gingipain inhibitors were used together (figure 1). Pg also induced expression of PD-L1 on the surface of infected SCC-25, SH-SY5Y, and RAW cell lines. Western blot analysis and qPCR revealed that Kgp inhibition, but not Rgp inhibition, was able to inhibit the non-canonical activation of b-catenin and down regulation of classical wnt pathway effectors at both the mRNA and protein level.Abstract 676 Figure 1Gingipain inhibitors block PD-L1 induced by PgPg grown with and labeled by red fluorescent membrane-incorporated dye was pre-treated with vehicle or the compounds listed for 30 min. Het-1A cells were infected (MOI = 20) for 24 hours, washed, fixed and stained for visualization of the nuclei (DAPI, blue), PD-L1 protein (anti-PDL1 primary and secondary antibodies, green), and Pg infection (red). Images were captured with immunofluorescent confocal microscopy.ConclusionsIn host cells infected with Pg, gingipains mediate the induction of PD-L1 as a mechanism of immune evasion through the non-canonical activation of the wnt pathway. Further studies to elucidate induction mechanisms are in progress. In esophageal cancer and other cancers infected with Pg, combining gingipain inhibitors with anti-PD-1 therapy may improve treatment outcomes.

scholarly journals Analysis of Risk Factors for Postoperative Delirium in Patients with Esophageal Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Menglu Zhang ◽  
Xiaozhi Bai ◽  
Yuting Zhang ◽  
Xiaojuan Xie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Postoperative Delirium ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Objective — To investigate the occurrence and risk factors of postoperative delirium in patients with esophageal cancer. Methods — A review of 203 patients undergoing elective surgery for esophageal cancer from April 2019 to December 2020, including 122 males and 81 females. The incidence of postoperative delirium were evaluated through the use of the CAM and divided into delirium group (Group P) and non-delirium group (Group N) according to whether postoperative delirium occurred. Possible confounders and clinically important factors were included in the univariate analysis, and all variables with P-values less than 0.05 in the univariate analysis were included in the multivariate models. Results — A total of 38 cases (18.7%) of postoperative delirium occurred in 203 patients. Group P was significantly older than Group N (P=0.000<0.01). The Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) scores (P=0.01<0.05) and the FRAIL Scale scores of Group P were significantly higher than those of the N group (P=0.001<0.05). The educational level (P=0.001<0.01) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores (P=0.004<0.01) of Group P were significantly lower than those of Group N. The use rate of sevoflurane in Group P (P=0.011<0.05), the incidence of intraoperative hypotension (P=0.002<0.05), and the rate of Porphyromonas gingivalis infection (P=0.012<0.05) were higher than those in Group N. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=1.295, 95%CI 1.125 ~ 1.490) and Porphyromonas gingivalis infection (OR=2.898, 95%CI 1.055 ~ 7.959) were independent risk factors for postoperative delirium in patients with esophageal cancer. Conclusion — age and Porphyromonas gingivalis infection may be the independent risk factors for postoperative delirium in patients with esophageal cancer.

scholarly journals Construction and verification of prognostic nomogram for early-onset esophageal cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxiao Liu ◽  
Wei Guo ◽  
Xiaobo Shi ◽  
Yue Ke ◽  
Yuxing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Calibration Plot ◽  
Seer Database ◽  
Training Set ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Validation Set

This study aimed to build up nomogram models to evaluate overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in early-onset esophageal cancer (EOEC). Patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer (EC) from 2004 to 2015 were extracted from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Clinicopathological characteristics of younger versus older patients were compared, and survival analysis was performed in both groups. Independent related factors influencing the prognosis of EOEC were identified by univariate and multivariate Cox analysis, which were incorporated to construct a nomogram. The predictive capability of the nomogram was estimated by the concordance index (C-index), calibration plot, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). A total of 534 younger and 17,243 older patients were available from the SEER database. Younger patients were randomly segmented into a training set (n=266) and a validation set (n=268). In terms of the training set, the C-index of the OS nomogram was 0.740 (95% CI: 0.707-0.773), and that of the CSS nomogram was 0.752 (95% CI: 0.719-0.785). In view of the validation set, the C-index of OS and CSS were 0.706 (95% CI: 0.671-0.741) and 0.723 (95%CI: 0.690-0.756), respectively. Calibration curves demonstrated the consistent degree of fit between actual and predicted values in nomogram models. From the perspective of DCA, the nomogram models were more beneficial than the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) and the SEER stage for EOEC. In brief, the nomogram model can be considered as an individualized quantitative tool to predict the prognosis of EOEC patients to assist clinicians in making treatment decisions.

scholarly journals Association between Porphyromonas gingivalis and tumor-promoting status in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao-Fen Chen ◽  
Ming- Shian Lu ◽  
Ching-Chuan Hsieh ◽  
Wen-Cheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Oral Biofilms ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract Background The microbiota is reported to affect tumor growth and the microenvironment of gastrointestinal cancers. However, the possible role of keystone bacterial infection in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (EsoSCC) remains unclear. In the present study, we studied the relationship between the oral microbiome, the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis (PG), and EsoSCC and elucidated the underlying mechanisms.Methods The microbiota in oral biofilms from patients was studied to identify bacterial biomarkers associated with EsoSCC by bioinformatics analyses. We then performed immunohistochemistry to examine the presence of PG in the esophageal tissues and analyze its relationship with the clinicopathologic characteristics in 156 EsoSCC patients. Furthermore, we investigated the role of PG infection in the progression of EsoSCC and its relationship with tumor microenvironment.Results The microbiota profiles from oral biofilms revealed that the abundance of PG was associated with a higher risk of developing EsoSCC. The presence of PG was detected immunohistochemically in 57% of cancerous tissues and was associated with a higher clinical stage and poor prognosis. Using cellular experiments and a 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO)-induced tumor animal model, the presence of PG was found to be associated with a higher risk of esophageal cancer. Increased IL-6 expression associated with an augmented epithelial-mesenchymal transition and recruitment of myeloid-derived suppressor cells were possible underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, in animal model including 4NQO-induced tumor and xenograft tumor model, we showed that the increased vitamin D3 induced by UVB light treatment obviously down-regulated IL-6 signaling and subsequently attenuated the increased risk of esophageal cancer induced by PG infection.Conclusions Our findings suggested that the presence of PG played an important role in the progression of esophageal cancer. Directly targeting PG or increasing vitamin D3 could be a promising strategy for the treatment of EsoSCC patients with PG infection noted by oral microbiota screening.

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