scholarly journals Achievements, experiences and challenges of the battle against poverty in China’s ethnic minority areas: focusing on the “three areas and three prefectures”

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanzhong Wang ◽  
Sai Ding
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Development Capacity ◽  
Tibet Autonomous Region ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Solid Foundation ◽  
Poverty Elimination

AbstractThe incidence of poverty in three of China’s provinces (Qinghai, Guizhou and Yunnan) and five of its autonomous regions (Inner Mongolia, Guangxi, Tibet, Ningxia, and Xinjiang) is greater than the national average. As severely impoverished areas in China and top priorities in the country’s battle against poverty, ethnic minority areas, especially the most impoverished “three areas” (the Tibet Autonomous Region, prefectures and counties with large Tibetan populations in the provinces of Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu and Yunnan, and the Hotan, Aksu, Kashgar prefectures and Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture in southern Xinjiang) and the “three prefectures” (the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province, the Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Province, and the Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu Province) showed a significant reduction in poverty and achieved decisive progress in poverty elimination from 2018 to 2019. This laid a solid foundation for the building of a moderately prosperous society in an all respects by 2020. By reviewing and explaining methods and measures of targeted poverty alleviation used in ethnic minority areas of China, this paper summarizes the most successful experiences of these areas, particularly the “Three Areas and Three Prefectures”, in the process of alleviating poverty and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. These successful experiences consist of four aspects: roles of national systems, promotion of key poverty alleviation efforts, improved mechanisms and systems for targeted poverty alleviation, and specific innovative methods and measures. While examining the difficulties of eliminating poverty and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects in China’s ethnic minority areas, especially in the “Three Areas and Three Prefectures”, this article also discusses practical challenges and problems yet to be solved, such as follow-up adjustments of poverty alleviation policies, cultivation of self-development capacity and weak educational foundations. Ultimately, this paper offers relevant solutions and suggestions in relation to macro policies, government officials and impoverished groups.

scholarly journals Are “Internet+” tactics the key to poverty alleviation in China’s rural ethnic minority areas? Empirical evidence from Sichuan Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Yin ◽  
Zhiyi Meng ◽  
Xin Yi ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Xia Hua
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Communication Infrastructure ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractChina has made great efforts to alleviate poverty in rural ethnic minority areas and targeted achieving the poverty-alleviation task by the end of 2020. Aba, Ganzi, and Liangshan, three of the poorest ethnic prefectures in Sichuan Province, Southwest China, have all implemented “Internet+” tactics since 2013, which have had the positive effect of increasing family revenues by improving communication infrastructure and encouraging the large-scale use of e-commerce. This paper aims to comprehensively investigate whether “Internet+” tactics play a key role in poverty alleviation in Sichuan’s rural ethnic minority areas and to propose further measures to enhance the efficiency of e-commerce practice. To this end, we conduct an analysis using the framework of classic growth theory and use panel data from 2000 to 2018 to examine the relationship between Communication Infrastructure Investment (CII) and a set of poverty-alleviation indicators, including local GDP growth rate (LGGR), local government revenue (LGR), and per-capita income of residents (PCIR). The results indicate that strengthening CII improves the PCIR and local economic growth, playing a key role in poverty alleviation. However, the stimulation of CII on LGGR and LGR wanes as time passes. More financial and technical actions will be needed to improve the efficiency and quality of current strategies for sustainable development in those areas.

scholarly journals Innovative educational methods and their role in increasing students’ motivation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.И. Руденко ◽  
А.А. Николаева
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Flipped Classroom ◽  
Educational Games ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
School Students ◽  
Life Long Learning ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Online Quizzes ◽  
Teachers And Parents

Актуальность статьи обусловлена необходимостью внедрения и развития новых методов в образовании в связи с изменением уклада жизни и новыми запросами на рынке труда. Цель статьи заключается в том, чтобы проанализировать инновационные методы обучения и его тренды, такие как “life-long learning” («непрерывное образование»), “microlearning” («микрообучение»), “flipped classroom” («перевёрнутый класс») и в рамках эмпирического исследования подтвердить необходимость их внедрения в школьное образование. Предлагается перечень Интернет-сервисов для проведения онлайн-викторин и других образовательных игр с использованием ИКТ. Подчёркивается важность формирования у школьника способности расставлять приоритеты в обучении, глубинно осознавать причины для постоянного саморазвития и самообразования, в особенности в условиях дистанционного обучения (на примере результатов опроса среди школьников 6 - 11 классов ГБОУ Школа «Марьино»). Приводятся способы повышения мотивации современного ребёнка и помощи ему в преодолении рассеянности внимания и лени, которые могут быть применены учителями или родителями. Статья предназначена для изучения проблематики школьными учителями и родителями обучающихся школ. The relevance of the article is due to the need for the introduction and development of new methods in education in connection with the changing way of life and new demands in the labor market. The purpose of the article is to analyze the innovative methods and trends in the education as “life-long learning”, “microlearning” and “flipped classroom”. The list of Internet services for conducting online quizzes and other educational games using ICT is given. The importance of forming the student’s ability to prioritize learning, to deeply understand the reasons for constant self-development and self-education, especially in the context of distance learning (based on the results of a survey among students of grades 6 - 11 of the state general education school “Maryino” School) is emphasized. The methods of increasing the motivation of the modern child and helping him to overcome distraction and laziness, which can be applied by teachers or parents, are given. The article is for school teachers and parents of school students to study this problem.

scholarly journals Urban Poverty and Vulnerability: Literature and Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Shilpa Deo*
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poverty Elimination ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Needy ◽  
Measurement Of Poverty

The Government of India has been taking various steps towards identification of the poor (and vulnerable through the Socio Economic Caste Census) and measurement of poverty with the help of various Expert Groups right from the Task Force that was set up in 1962 to the Task Force on Poverty Elimination of the NITI Aayog. There have been many researchers as well who have been suggesting the ways in which the poor and vulnerable can be identified and poverty can be measured besides the suggestions given by the Expert Groups. However, it may be considered as a ‘national shame’ if we are unable to identify the needy even after 75 years of independence. Through the review of around 100 books, research papers and articles, an attempt has been to understand the strengths and shortcomings of suggested ways to identify the poor and vulnerable and suggest a comprehensive methodology to identify the needy. Unless we are able to identify the poor and vulnerable sections of society correctly, planning and implementing poverty alleviation programmes for “ending poverty in all its forms everywhere”1 would be a futile exercise!

scholarly journals Prinsip-Prinsip Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dalam Perspektif Al Qur’an

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Ulfi Putra Sany
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Skills Education ◽  
Economic Behaviors

<p>Becoming a challenge for every country and society, poverty is a problem that must be overcome. In Islam, it is also viewed as a disease that must be cured. One of the effective instruments of poverty alleviation is community empowerment. Community empowerment is methods used by individuals, groups and communities so they are able to manage the environment, achieve their own goals, work and help each other to maximize their quality of life. In the Qur'an there are many verses that speak about theme of community empowerment. This paper discusses community empowerment according to the Qur'anic perspective using thematic interpretation methods. The principles of community empowerment in the Qur'an are the principle of <em>ukhuwwah</em>, <em>ta'awun</em> principle, and the principle of equality. The steps of empowerment as mentioned in the Qur'an include continuous self-development, encouraging zakat and infaq programs, conducting training and skills education for the community, and avoiding economic behaviors prohibited by Islam such as hoarding and monopoly (<em>ihtikar</em>).</p><p>***</p><p>Kemiskinan merupakan masalah yang harus diatasi dan menjadi tantangan bagi setiap negara dan masyarakat. Islam juga memandang kemiskinan sebagai penyakit yang harus disembuhkan. Karena kemiskinan dekat dengan kekufuran. Salah satu instrumen pengentasan kemiskinan yang efektif adalah dengan melakukan pemberdayaan masyarakat. Yang dimaksud dengan pemberdayaan masyarakat adalah cara dan metode yang digunakan individu, kelompok dan komunitas sehingga mereka menjadi mampu mengelola lingkungan dan mencapai tujuan mereka sendiri, dan dengan demikian mampu bekerja dan membantu satu sama lain untuk memaksimalkan kualitas hidup mereka. Dalam Al Quran terdapat banyak ayat yang membicarakan tema pemberdayaan masyarakat. Tulisan ini membahas pemberdayaan masyarakat menurut perspektif Al Qur’an dengan menggunakan metode penafsiran tematik. Prinsip-prinsip pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam Al Quran yaitu prinsip <em>ukhuwwah</em>, prinsip <em>ta’awun, </em>dan prinsip persamaan derajat. Langkah-langkah pemberdayaan sebagaimana disebutkan Al Qur’an antara lain pengembangan diri yang kontinyu, mendorong program zakat dan infaq, melakukan pembinaan dan pendidikan ketrampilan bagi masyarakat, dan tidak melakukan perilaku ekonomi yang dilarang oleh agama seperti menimbun  harta (<em>hoarding</em>) dan monopoli (<em>ihtikar</em>)</p>

scholarly journals Innovative forms of work with students in modern schools in the process of globalization

2021 ◽  
pp. 294-301
Author(s):  
Е.Ю. Рябова
Keyword(s):  
Educational Process ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Creative Development ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Creative Initiative ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Inner World ◽  
Creative Self ◽  
State Programs

Сегодня в центре внимания должна быть личность ученого, ее неповторимый внутренний мир. Основной целью современного учителя должен быть выбор таких инновационных методов и форм организации учебной деятельности учащихся, которые будут направлены на всестороннее творческое развитие личности. Это включает не только новые технические средства, а также новые формы и методы преподавания, новый подход к организации процесса обучения и общения между участниками образовательного процесса. Обновленное образование должно основываться на входе в инновационный режим работы и профессионализации педагогов, его творческом самоопределении, направленности на самообразование, саморазвитие и самосовершенствование. Только неравнодушие педагога к познанию и использованию в своей деятельности нововведений будет способствовать воспитанию успешной личности. Стратегические направления развития образования, определенные в рамках реализации государственных программ и национальных проектов, определяют формирование интеллектуального и культурного потенциала нации путем обеспечения постоянного духовного самосовершенствования личности. Трансформационные процессы в образовании предусматривают развитие творческой, инициативной стороны человека, который способен не только к трансляции знаний, но и готов создавать новые мировые образцы культуры и духовности, новых интересные навыки. Today, the focus should be on the personality of the scientist, her unique inner world. The main goal of the modern teacher should be to choose such innovative methods and forms of organizing the educational activities of students, which will be aimed at the comprehensive creative development of the person. This includes not only new technical means, but also new forms and methods of teaching, a new approach to organizing the learning process and communication between participants in the educational process. Renewed education should be based on entering the innovative mode of work and professionalization of teachers, their creative self-determination, focus on self-education, self-development and self-improvement. Only the teacher's indifference to knowledge and the use of innovations in his activities will contribute to the education of a successful person. The strategic directions for the development of education, defined within the framework of the implementation of state programs and national projects, determine the formation of the intellectual and cultural potential of the nation by ensuring the constant spiritual improvement of the person. Transformational processes in education provide for the development of the creative, initiative side of a person who is able not only to translate knowledge, but also ready to create new world models of culture and spirituality, new interesting skills.

scholarly journals A Study on the Efficiency of Tourism Poverty Alleviation in Ethnic Regions Based on the Staged DEA Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianchun Yang ◽  
Ying Wu ◽  
Jialian Wang ◽  
Chengcheng Wan ◽  
Qian Wu
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Malmquist Index ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Two Stages

Poverty alleviation through tourism is an important way for China to achieve targeted poverty alleviation and win the battle of poverty alleviation. As a region with deep poverty and great difficulty in poverty alleviation, whether tourism development has injected key impetus into ethnic minority areas needs to be tested by both qualitative analysis and quantitative measurement. This paper takes eight ethnic provinces (regions) in China as an example to conduct an empirical study. Based on the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)-BCC model and Malmquist index, it evaluates the tourism investment and tourism poverty alleviation efficiency of the ethnic regions in the two stages of tourism poverty alleviation, and analyzes them by classification. The results of the study show: (1) The pure technical efficiency in the first stage is relatively high, but the total factor productivity of each region is declining; (2) The pure technical efficiency in the second stage is also relatively high, but the scale efficiency is low, and the change rate of total factor productivity of the provinces in China has increased significantly; (3) The “double high” type includes Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, and Guizhou, and the “double low” type includes Qinghai, Yunnan, Tibet, Xinjiang, and Ningxia. The results of the study generally show that tourism poverty alleviation has brought about the improvement of the living standards of residents and the development of local economy, but the efficiency of tourism poverty alleviation needs to be improved. On this basis, the article puts forward corresponding improvement measures, in order to further help the ethnic minority areas get rid of poverty in a comprehensive way by promoting the efficient and sustainable development of tourism.

Self-Organization Technologies in Teaching

2016 ◽  
pp. 201-219
Author(s):  
Galyna Nesterenko
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Heuristic Methods ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Managerial Competencies ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Teacher Factors ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Professional Self ◽  
The Subject

This chapter deals with self-organization teaching technologies as the best instrument of generating, development and using of the innovative methods in education. As a process of spontaneous, dynamic motion of the components of a socio-system, self-organization can randomly generate new (often attractive) structures, processes, and situations. Self-organization of a student group can generate new techniques and ideas for learning and under the knowledge contents also increases students' motivation to learn, interest to the discipline, encourages teachers to professional self-development and to a deeper understanding of the subject matter and techniques. The section suggests several key ways to initiate the self-organization of a group of students or teachers: heuristic methods, interdisciplinary explication, educational heterosis, developing of managerial competencies of a teacher. Factors enhancing the use of self-organizational teaching technologies are disclosed.

Reconstructing Accounting Research: Beyond Theory without Data and Data without Theory

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shizuki Saito
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
The Self ◽  
Spontaneous Order ◽  
Accounting Research ◽  
The Road ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Solid Foundation ◽  
Accounting Rules

Abstract Although we have been incessantly trying to construct accounting studies as a proper academic subject over half a century, neither what we have attained is great nor the road ahead easy. Nonetheless we have no choice but to pursue the way of positive (not necessarily empirical) scientific research with productive feedback between theoretical and empirical analyses, going beyond theory without data and data without theory. It is crucially important to grasp rationally the self-development of accounting rules as a spontaneous order without any preconceived rigid understanding of rationality, and accordingly we must first build a consistent conceptual framework in consonance with accounting norms and phenomena as the vital analytical tool for the development of accounting research based on solid foundation.

scholarly journals The Cultural Politics of Ethnic Identity in Xishuangbanna, China: Tea and Rubber as “Cash Crops” and “Commodities”

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet C. Sturgeon
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Cultural Politics ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
The State ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Cash Crops ◽  
Symbolic Value

In 2003, the poverty alleviation bureau in Xishuangbanna, China, introduced tea and rubber as cash crops to raise the incomes of ethnic-minority farmers who were thought to be backward and unfamiliar with markets. Using Marx's commodity fetish and Polly Hill's critique of “cash crops”, this paper analyses the cultural politics of ethnicity for Akha and Dai farmers in relation to tea and rubber. When the prefecture government introduces “cash crops”, the state retains its authority as the dispenser of knowledge, crops and modernity. When tea and rubber become commodities, however, some of the symbolic value of the commodity seems to stick to farmers, making rubber farmers “modern” and tea farmers “ethnic” in new ways. Through rising incomes and enhanced identities, Akha and Dai farmers unsettle stereotypes of themselves as “backward”. As a result of income levels matching those of urban middle-class residents, rubber farmers even challenge the prevalent social hierarchy.

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