The effect of non-invasively obtained central blood pressure on cardiovascular outcome in diabetic patients in Assiut University Hospitals

Abstract Background The major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetes is cardiovascular disease, which is exacerbated by the presence of hypertension. Therefore, proper control of BP in diabetic hypertensive patients is essential. Few studies have specifically investigated the prognostic significance of central BP in Egyptian populations with diabetes and hypertension and its relation with cardiovascular outcome. This study aims to evaluate relation between central BP and diabetic composite cardiovascular complications. Results Diabetic patients with CVD were significantly older (p value < 0.01), obese (p value < 0.01) with long duration of diabetes (p value < 0.001) and had significantly higher peripheral and central systolic and diastolic BP and higher AIx@75(p values < 0.01) than those without CVD. Regarding the metabolic parameters, they had significantly higher fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and higher blood cholesterol levels (p values < 0.001), higher LDL (p value < 0.01), triglycerides levels (p value = 0.014), and microalbuminuria (p value = 0.028). Logistic regression analysis found increased BMI, central systolic BP, and AIx@75 were independent predictors of composite CVD (p values < 0.05). Conclusions There is a pattern of favorability towards central rather than peripheral BP indices to predict the occurrence of CVD in diabetic patients.

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THE STATE OF CHOLESTEROL LEVEL IN HYPERTENSION IN SADANANYA HEALTH CENTER

JURNAL MUTIARA NERS ◽

10.51544/jmn.v4i2.1543 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 80-85

Author(s):

Irpan Ali Rahman ◽

Endrian Mulyadi Justitia Waluyo ◽

Shafira Aisyah Darmawan

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Health Center ◽

Cholesterol Level ◽

Blood Cholesterol ◽

High Total Cholesterol ◽

High Cholesterol ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Quantitative Descriptive

Hypertension is an increase in systolic blood pressure above 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure above 90 mmHg. The number of hypertension sufferers has increased each year, in 2015 it reached 19,552, in 2016 it reached 24,750 and in 2017 it reached 38,057. In 2017 there were 115 hypertensive patients recorded in the report book that checked their health at the Sadananya Health Center. One of the causes of the high incidence of hypertension is cholesterol caused by the consumption of inappropriate food. One of the laboratory examinations to support hypertension diagnosis is blood cholesterol examination which can show excess cholesterol which makes hypertension difficult to control. To know the description of total cholesterol levels in hypertensive patients at the Sadananya Health Center. Quantitative descriptive, the population in this study were people with hypertension at the Sadananya Health Center. Sampling with accidental sampling, as many as 30 respondents. The cholesterol examination method used is CHOD-PAP. The results showed that blood pressure in respondents all had high blood pressure, namely >140/90 mmHg (100%), a high cholesterol level of 24 respondents (80%), blood pressure 140-150 who had high cholesterol as many 13 respondents, blood pressure 160-170 who had high cholesterol as much 6 respondents, blood pressure >180 who had high cholesterol as much 5 respondents. This study concludes that hypertensive clients have more high total cholesterol levels, which is as much as 80% and normal 20%. More hypertensive patients have high total cholesterol levels, which are 80% and 20% normal.

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Lipid and Glycemic Profiles in Patients with Bipolar Disorder: Cholesterol Levels Are Reduced in Mania

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina57010028 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 28

Author(s):

Laura Fusar-Poli ◽

Andrea Amerio ◽

Patriciu Cimpoesu ◽

Antimo Natale ◽

Virginio Salvi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Blood Cholesterol ◽

Mental Condition ◽

Blood Levels ◽

University Hospitals ◽

Cholesterol Levels

Background and Objectives: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe mental condition with a lifetime prevalence estimated around 2% among the general population. Due to risk factors, etiological mechanisms, and the chronic use of psychotropic medications, people with BD are frequently affected by medical comorbidities, such as metabolic syndrome (MetS), associated with altered blood levels of glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides. Moreover, the lipid concentration may be associated with the severity of psychiatric symptoms. Materials and Methods: Five hundred and forty-two in- and outpatients (418 affected by BD and 124 affected by schizophrenia) were recruited in two Italian university hospitals. A blood examination assessing the fasting glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides was performed. Results: No significant differences were found in the lipid and glycemic profiles between patients with BD and schizophrenia. When considering only the BD sample, we found that patients experiencing a manic episode had significantly lower total cholesterol, HDL, and LDL than euthymic patients. Moreover, the total and LDL cholesterol levels were significantly lower in (hypo)manic than depressed patients. Mood episodes did not influence the triglyceride and glucose levels in our sample. Conclusions: Clinicians should pay attention to blood cholesterol levels in patients with BD, as differences in concentrations may predispose them to severe medical conditions and can be associated with the onset of mood episodes.

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Prevalence of Diabetes and Dyslipidemia in Hypertensive Young Adults in a Tertiary Care Centre in Nepal, a Cross Sectional Study

Journal of Institute of Medicine ◽

10.3126/jiom.v42i2.37530 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 21-25

Author(s):

Kamal Sharma Lamsal ◽

Keshab R Neupane ◽

Niranjan Acharya ◽

Dinesh K Lamsal ◽

Niraj Karmacharya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Cardiovascular Complications ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Increased Risk

Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) and lipid disorders (LD) in hypertensive patients are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular complications requiring close follow-up and more aggressive treatment. Hence, the present study was done to study the prevalence of diabetes and dyslipidemia in young hypertensive patients i.e. <40 years in a tertiary care hospital, Nepal. MethodsThis is a hospital based cross-sectional study carried out in Civil Service Hospital, Kathmandu. Study included 165 patients of <40 years who had hypertension, either newly diagnosed or undergoing antihypertensive treatment from September 2018 to September 2019. Blood pressure was measured two times on right upper arm in sitting position at interval of 30 minutes and the average was taken. Fasting Lipid Profile and Fasting Blood Glucose was measured after 12 hours of fasting and the prevalence of dyslipidemia and diabetes were analyzed from the data collected. All calculations and statistical analyses are processed by the SPSS 25.0. ResultsAmong 165 patients included, majority of patients, 107 (64.8%) were among 31-39 years, followed by 53 (32.1%) patients among 21-30 years. In total, 98 (59.4%) were male and 67 (40.6%) female. The prevalence of diabetes was 24 (14.5%) and pre-diabetes was 49 (29.7%). The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 125 (75.6%), high triglyceride being the most common disorder followed by low HDL in 87 (52.1%). Elevated total cholesterol was found in 53 (32.1%) patients and 48 (29%) had high LDL cholesterol level. ConclusionA high prevalence of diabetes, pre-diabetes and dyslipidemia was observed in the hypertensive patients <40 years of age.

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Effect of guar gum supplementation on lipidic and glycidic metabolic control and body mass index in type 2 diabetes

Revista de Nutrição ◽

10.1590/s1415-52732006000200006 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 187-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mirela dos Santos Ourique Figueiredo ◽

Rita de Cássia Gonçalves Alfenas ◽

Sylvia do Carmo Castro Franceschini ◽

Maria do Carmo Gouveia Peluzio ◽

Raquel Monteiro Azeredo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Metabolic Control ◽

Body Mass ◽

Guar Gum ◽

Blood Cholesterol ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Fasting Glycemia ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Hba1c Levels

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of guar gum supplementation in the metabolic control and body mass index (BMI) of type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: A total of 17 (12 women and 5 men) participants ingested 10 grams of fiber supplement daily for three months. Changes in BMI and the biochemical parameters (fasting glycemia, glycosilated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total plasma cholesterol and triglycerides) were evaluated at the beginning and the end of the study. RESULTS: No changes in mean BMI (p=0.770), mean fasting glycemia (p=0.09) or triglyceride levels were observed. However, significant increases in HbA1c levels were observed (p<0.001) following the ingestion of guar gum supplements. Posterior analysis indicated that the five participants that had the highest mean fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels, showed a significant reduction in their fasting glycemic levels (p=0.03) at the end of the study. A significant (p<0.001) reduction in total cholesterol levels was observed after three months of guar gum supplementation. CONCLUSION: Guar gum supplementation (10g/day) in the diet of overweight type 2 diabetics, resulting in total fiber ingestion close to 20g per day, did not lead to a spontaneous reduction in body weight. The effect of guar gum on the glycidic metabolic control was inconclusive, but it was shown to be an effective dietetic strategy to reduce blood cholesterol levels.

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Platelet Aggregation in Diabetes Mellitus and the Effect of Insulin in Vivo on Aggregation

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1649346 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 27 (01) ◽

pp. 114-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

A. A Hassanein ◽

Th. A El-Garf ◽

Z El-Baz

Keyword(s):

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Rapid Onset ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Fasting State ◽

Clotting Time ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Platelet Disaggregation ◽

Aggregation And Disaggregation

SummaryADP-induced platelet aggregation and calcium-induced platelet aggregation tests were studied in 14 diabetic patients in the fasting state and half an hour after an intravenous injection of 0.1 unit insulin/kg body weight. Platelet disaggregation was significantly diminished as compared to a normal control group, and their results were negatively correlated with the corresponding serum cholesterol levels. Insulin caused significant diminution in the ADP-induced platelet aggregation as a result of rapid onset of aggregation and disaggregation. There was also a significant increase in platelet disaggregation. In the calcium-induced platelet aggregation test, there was a significant shortening of the aggregation time, its duration, and the clotting time. The optical density fall due to platelet aggregation showed a significant increase. Insulin may have a role in correcting platelet disaggregation possibly through improvement in the intracellular enzymatic activity.

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ANGPTL4 as Biomarker in Early Detection of Cardiovascular Complications in Diabetic Patients

Indian Journal Of Applied Research ◽

10.15373/2249555x/apr2013/128 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 16-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gamil M Abd-Allah ◽

◽

Fawkia E Zahran ◽

Mohamed E Hassan ◽

Hasan H Essobky

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Cardiovascular Complications ◽

Diabetic Patients

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Relationship between uric acid and creatinine in pre-diabetic and diabetic patients: Vidarbha region of Maharashtra

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11i3.2479 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 3412-3417

Author(s):

Ranjit S. Ambad ◽

Rakesh Kumar Jha ◽

Lata Kanyal Butola ◽

Nandkishor Bankar ◽

Brij Raj Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Serum Uric Acid ◽

Type Ii Diabetes ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

General Medicine ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type Ii ◽

Develop Type ◽

Low Levels

Prediabetes is a glucose homeostasis condition characterized by decreased absorption to glucose or reduced fasting glucose. Both of these are reversible stages of intermediate hyperglycaemia providing an increased type II DM risk. Pre-diabetes can therefore be viewed as a significant reversible stage which could lead to type II DM, and early detection of prediabetes may contribute to type II DM prevention. Prediabetes patients are at high risk for potential type II diabetes, and 70 percent of them appear to develop Type II diabetes within 10 years. The present study includes total 200 subjects that include 100 Prediabetic patients, 50 T2DM patients and 50 healthy individual. Blood samples were collected from the subjects were obtained for FBS, PPBS, Uric acid and Creatinine estimation, from OPD and General Medicine Wards. Present study showed low levels of Serum Uric Acid in prediabetic and T2DM patients were decreased as compared to control group, while the level of creatinine in prediabetic and diabetic were elevated as compared to control group, were not statically significant. Serum Uric Acid was high in control group and low in prediabetic and diabetic patients. Serum creatinine was declined in control group and increased in prediabetic and diabetic patients with increasing Fasting blood glucose level.

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Targeting the Cholesterol Paradigm in the Risk Reduction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Does the Mechanism of Action of Pharmacotherapy Matter for Clinical Outcomes?

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics ◽

10.1177/10742484211023632 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 107424842110236

Author(s):

Ruihai Zhou ◽

George A. Stouffer ◽

Sidney C. Smith

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Mechanism Of Action ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Blood Cholesterol ◽

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Pcsk9 Inhibitors ◽

Cholesterol Lowering ◽

Cholesterol Levels

Hypercholesterolemia is a well-established risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) has been labeled as “bad” cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) as “good” cholesterol. The prevailing hypothesis is that lowering blood cholesterol levels, especially LDL-C, reduces vascular deposition and retention of cholesterol or apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins which are atherogenic. We review herein the clinical trial data on different pharmacological approaches to lowering blood cholesterol and propose that the mechanism of action of cholesterol lowering, as well as the amplitude of cholesterol reduction, are critically important in leading to improved clinical outcomes in ASCVD. The effects of bile acid sequestrants, fibrates, niacin, cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitors, apolipoprotein A-I and HDL mimetics, apoB regulators, acyl coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitors, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, statins, and proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, among other strategies are reviewed. Clinical evidence supports that different classes of cholesterol lowering or lipoprotein regulating approaches yielded variable effects on ASCVD outcomes, especially in cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Statins are the most widely used cholesterol lowering agents and have the best proven cardiovascular event and survival benefits. Manipulating cholesterol levels by specific targeting of apoproteins or lipoproteins has not yielded clinical benefit. Understanding why lowering LDL-C by different approaches varies in clinical outcomes of ASCVD, especially in survival benefit, may shed further light on our evolving understanding of how cholesterol and its carrier lipoproteins are involved in ASCVD and aid in developing effective pharmacological strategies to improve the clinical outcomes of ASCVD.

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Decrease of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 activity is associated with weight loss after bariatric surgery

Obesity Surgery ◽

10.1007/s11695-020-05200-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Carsten T. Herz ◽

Johanna M. Brix ◽

Bernhard Ludvik ◽

Guntram Schernthaner ◽

Gerit-Holger Schernthaner

Keyword(s):

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Hepatic Injury ◽

Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Metabolic Dysfunction ◽

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽

The Impact

Abstract Purpose Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) is expressed and secreted by adipocytes. DPP4 induces insulin resistance independently of its effect on glucagon-like peptide 1, thus it is conceivable that DPP4 directly contributes to metabolic dysfunction in patients with morbid obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of weight loss induced by bariatric surgery on DPP4 activity, and whether these changes are associated with improvements in markers of metabolic dysfunction and fatty liver disease. Materials and Methods We included 68 non-diabetic patients who underwent bariatric surgery. Serum DPP4 activity was measured using a fluorogenic substrate before and after surgery. Results Results: After a median follow-up period of 12 (IQR 11-17) months, median serum DPP4 activity decreased from 230 (IQR: 194-273) to 193 (164-252) pmol/min (p=0.012). The decrease in DPP4 activity was significantly correlated with decreases in BMI, improved cholesterol levels, reduced hepatic injury markers as well as improved post-prandial insulin sensitivity. After multivariable adjustment, ΔDPP4 activity remained significantly associated with Δcholesterol (beta=0.341, p=0.025), ΔLDL cholesterol (beta=0.350, p=0.019), Δgamma-glutamyltransferase (beta=0.323, p=0.040) and ΔMatsuda index (beta=-0.386, p=0.045). Conclusion We demonstrated that weight loss induced by bariatric surgery results in decreased circulating DPP4 activity beyond the initial phase of weight loss. The associations between decreased DPP4 activity and improved cholesterol levels as well as hepatic injury markers point towards pleiotropic effects of DPP4 beyond glucose metabolism which warrant further investigation.

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Prevalence and risk factors for overweight and obesity: a cross-sectional countrywide study in Burkina Faso

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032953 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. e032953

Author(s):

Seydou Kaboré ◽

Tieba Millogo ◽

Joseph Kouesyandé Soubeiga ◽

Hermann Lanou ◽

Brice Bicaba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Burkina Faso ◽

Weight Status ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Population Based ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Blood Cholesterol ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Proportional Odds ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Current Smoking

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of overweight and obesity in Burkina Faso using a population-based countrywide sample. We hypothesise that there is a significant burden related to overweight/obesity in Burkina Faso.DesignSecondary analysis of a population-based countrywide cross-sectional study.SettingBurkina Faso, all the 13 regions including both rural and urban residential areas.Participants4800 participants of both sexes, aged between 25 and 64 years.Main outcomesOverweight and obesity using body mass index cut-off levels of the WHO.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity in Burkina Faso were 13.82% (95% CI: 12.25 to 15.55) and 4.84% (95% CI: 3.99 to 5.86), respectively. Among men, the proportional odds of overweight/obesity increase with urban residency (p<0.001), greater age (p<0.002), marital status different from single (p≤0.007) and decrease with current smoking (p=0.009). Among women, the proportional odds of overweight/obesity increase with urban residency (p<0.001), primary educational level (p=0.01), high total blood cholesterol level (p<0.001) and high fasting blood glucose level (p=0.02), and decrease with current smoking (p<0.001).ConclusionOur study showed that nearly one person out of five in the adult population of Burkina has an abnormal weight status with women being more affected than men. Urban residency is a consistent risk factor in both men and women. Alcohol consumption and education were associated with an increased odds in only women. Overnutrition needs to be recognised as an important public health issue in Burkina Faso and nutrition interventions need to be reshaped to account for it.

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