scholarly journals Factors associated with suicidal thoughts in a large community study of older adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 201 (6) ◽  
pp. 466-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osvaldo P. Almeida ◽  
Brian Draper ◽  
John Snowdon ◽  
Nicola T. Lautenschlager ◽  
Jane Pirkis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Population Attributable Fraction ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Poor Social Support ◽  
History Of

BackgroundThoughts about death and self-harm in old age have been commonly associated with the presence of depression, but other risk factors may also be important.AimsTo determine the independent association between suicidal ideation in later life and demographic, lifestyle, socioeconomic, psychiatric and medical factors.MethodA cross-sectional study was conducted of a community-derived sample of 21290 adults aged 60-101 years enrolled from Australian primary care practices. We considered that participants endorsing any of the four items of the Depressive Symptom Inventory - Suicidality Subscale were experiencing suicidal thoughts. We used standard procedures to collect demographic, lifestyle, psychosocial and clinical data. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.ResultsThe 2-week prevalence of suicidal ideation was 4.8%. Male gender, higher education, current smoking, living alone, poor social support, no religious practice, financial strain, childhood physical abuse, history of suicide in the family, past depression, current anxiety, depression or comorbid anxiety and depression, past suicide attempt, pain, poor self-perceived health and current use of antidepressants were independently associated with suicidal ideation. Poor social support was associated with a population attributable fraction of 38.0%, followed by history of depression (23.6%), concurrent anxiety and depression (19.7%), prevalent anxiety (15.1%), pain (13.7%) and no religious practice (11.4%).ConclusionsPrevalent and past mood disorders seem to be valid targets for indicated interventions designed to reduce suicidal thoughts and behaviour. However, our data indicate that social disconnectedness and stress account for a larger proportion of cases than mood disorders. Should these associations prove to be causal, then interventions that succeeded in addressing these issues would contribute the most to reducing suicidal ideation and, possibly, suicidal behaviour in later life.

scholarly journals Predictors of suicidal ideation among Iranian patients with multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Sadat Asgarian ◽  
Ali Keyhani ◽  
Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Sahraian ◽  
Farnaz Etesam
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Mood Symptoms ◽  
Anticipated Stigma

Background: Considering the high probability of suicidal behaviors in multiple sclerosis (MS) population of other countries and the unlikeliness of its diagnosis in patients with MS by specialists, the current research targets the frequency of suicidal thoughts and mood symptoms in a group of patients with MS in Iran. Also, we investigated the relationships among suicidal thoughts, anxiety, depression, anticipated stigma, social support, some disease characteristics, and sociodemographic factors. Methods: A sample of 276 subjects were selected from community-based MS clinics and referral out-patient MS clinic of Sina Hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Chronic Illness Anticipated Stigma Scale (CIASS), the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and a personal information questionnaire. Results: 36.2% of the participants had suicidal thoughts. Suicidal ideation was significantly more likely among people who reported higher anxiety and depression scores or anticipated stigma from their friends and families. Women and patients with higher education experienced suicidal ideation more frequently than others. Conclusion: Findings regarding the comorbidity of suicidal thoughts with anticipated stigma, depression and anxiety in MS patients emphasizes therapeutic interventions focused on the alleviation of perceived stigma as well as mood symptoms.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depression among Admitted Adult Patients in Surgical and Medical Wards of Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Merga Siyoum ◽  
Getachew Assfaw ◽  
Henok Yitbark ◽  
Getachew Tesfaw
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Poor Social Support ◽  
History Of

Background. Depression is a leading cause of major public health problems globally, and its prevalence has been increasing, particularly in low- and middle-income countries including our country. Therefore, this study is aimed at exploring depression symptoms and their determinants among admitted medical and surgical patients which is important to get optimal care for patients. Methods. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 2019, on adults’ medical and surgical admitted patients at Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The systematic random sampling technique was used to get a total of 590 samples. The standardized hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) was used to assess individual depression symptoms. We computed the bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses to identify factors associated with depression symptoms. Statistical significance was declared at P < 0.05 . Result. The prevalence of depression symptoms was found to be 53.9% (95% CI: 50.2, 57.0). In the multivariable logistic regression, female sex ( AOR = 2.04 , 95% CI: 1.35, 3.09), being single ( AOR = 3.65 , 95% CI: 3.48, 2.10, 5.78), widowed ( AOR = 2.82 , 95% CI: 1.27, 6.30), unable to read and write ( AOR = 2.71 , 95% CI: 1.14, 6.47), admission at medical ward ( AOR = 1.59 , 95% CI: 1.02, 2.46), history of mental illness ( AOR = 1.59 , 95% CI: 1.02, 2.46), and poor social support ( AOR = 2.82 , 95% CI: 1.57, 5.11) were factors significantly associated with depression symptoms. Conclusion. The prevalence of depression symptoms among admitted patients was high. Female sex, being single, widowed, unable to read and write, admission at medical ward, history of mental illness, and poor social support were factors significantly associated with depression symptoms. It is better for the Ministry of Health to give training on how to screen depression among medical and surgical patients, and interventions that would be addressing the awareness of the above factors would be beneficial to prevent further complications.

scholarly journals Life-History Factors Influence Teenagers’ Suicidal Ideation: A Model Selection Analysis of the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 147470492093952
Author(s):  
John P. Ziker ◽  
Kristin Snopkowski
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Life History ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Model Selection ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
National Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Neighborhood Cohesion

Suicidality is an important contributor to disease burden worldwide. We examine the developmental and environmental correlates of reported suicidal ideation at age 15 and develop a new evolutionary model of suicidality based on life history trade-offs and hypothesized accompanying modulations of cognition. Data were derived from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (Statistics Canada) which collected information on children’s social, emotional, and behavioral development in eight cycles between 1994 and 2009. We take a model selection approach to understand thoughts of suicide at age 15 ( N ≈ 1,700). The most highly ranked models include social support, early life psychosocial stressors, prenatal stress, and mortality cues. Those reporting consistent early life stress had 2.66 greater odds of reporting thoughts of suicide at age 15 than those who reported no childhood stress. Social support of the primary caregiver, neighborhood cohesion, nonkin social support of the adolescent, and the number of social support sources are all associated with suicidal thoughts, where greater neighborhood cohesion and social support sources are associated with a reduction in experiencing suicidal thoughts. Mother’s prenatal smoking throughout pregnancy is associated with a 1.5 greater odds of suicidal thoughts for adolescents compared to children whose mother’s reported not smoking during pregnancy. We discuss these findings in light of evolutionary models of suicidality. This study identifies both positive and negative associations on suicidal thoughts at age 15 and considers these in light of adaptive response models of human development. Findings are relevant for mental health policy.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depression among Prisoners in Jimma Town Prison, South West Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakir Abdu ◽  
Teshome Kabeta ◽  
Lamessa Dube ◽  
Workinesh Tessema ◽  
Mubarek Abera
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Family History ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Chronic Physical Illness ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Poor Social Support ◽  
History Of ◽  
Jimma Town

Background. Mental disorder is one of the greatest challenges that current and future generations will face. Currently among all people suffering from depression, 85% of them live in low- and middle-income countries. Previous studies reported the global burden/prevalence of depression to be five to ten times higher among prisoners than the general population. However, the prevalence of depression among prisoners in our study area is not known. Objective. This study therefore aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of depression among prisoners in Jimma town in 2017. Method. A cross-sectional study design was employed on 332 prisoners selected by systematic random sampling method. Data was collected by a face to face interview using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) scale. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Result. The study revealed that 41.9% (n=139) of participants among prisoners had depression. Having family history of mental illness (AOR = 6.05, 95% CI = 2.6, 13.8), having chronic physical illness (AOR = 2.87, 95% CI = 1.29, 6.41), having history of previous incarceration (AOR = 3.26, 95% CI = 1.02, 10.64), lack of job in the prison (AOR = 4.96, 95% CI = 2.09, 11.8), lifetime alcohol use (AOR = 3.61, 95% CI = 1.8, 7.26), thinking life to be a difficult one after release from prison (AOR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.2, 3.6), having age between 21 and 25 years (AOR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.06, 3.89), and having poor social support (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.27, 3.82) had significant association with depression in the fully adjusted final regression model. Conclusion. This study has shown that the prevalence of depression among prisoners was very high. Having family history of mental illness, having chronic physical illness, having previous incarceration, lack of job in prison, lifetime alcohol use, thinking life to be difficult one after release from prison, having age between 21 and 25 years old, and having poor social support were found to have an impact on the prevalence of depression.

scholarly journals Structural brain alterations associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors in young people: results across 21 international studies from the ENIGMA Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviours consortium

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura S. van Velzen ◽  
Maria R. Dauvermann ◽  
Lejla Colic ◽  
Luca M. Villa ◽  
Hannah S. Savage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Brain Morphology ◽  
Frontal Pole ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

AbstractObjectiveIdentifying brain differences associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) in young people is critical to understanding their development and generating effective approaches to early intervention and prevention. The ENIGMA Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviours (ENIGMA-STB) consortium analyzed neuroimaging data harmonized across sites to examine brain morphology associated with STBs in youth.MethodsFirst, we examined associations among regional brain structure and STBs, which were assessed in six samples of youth with mood disorders, using the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS; N=577). Second, we combined this sample with a larger sample (total 21 sites) in which STBs were assessed using various instruments. MRI metrics were compared among healthy controls without STBs (HC; N=688), clinical controls without STBs (CC; N=648), and young people with psychiatric diagnoses and current suicidal ideation (N=406). In separate analyses, MRI metrics were compared among HCs (N=335), CCs (N=768), and suicide attempters (N=254).ResultsIn the homogeneous C-SSRS sample, surface area of the frontal pole was lower in young people with mood disorders and history of actual suicide attempts (N=163) than those without (N=394; FDR-p<.001; Cohen’s d=.334). When expanding to more clinically heterogeneous samples, we also found lower surface area of the frontal pole in those with a history of suicide attempts (Cohen’s d=.22).ConclusionsLower frontal pole surface area may represent a vulnerability for a suicide attempt; however, more research is needed to understand the nature of its relationship to suicide risk.

Psychosocial factors that distinguish between men and women who have suicidal thoughts and attempt suicide: findings from a national probability sample of adults

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Cara Richardson ◽  
Kathryn A. Robb ◽  
Sally McManus ◽  
Rory C. O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Men And Women

Abstract Background Previous research has highlighted the importance of understanding which psychosocial factors distinguish between those with suicide thoughts compared to those who attempt suicide. This study aims to investigate these distinguishing factors further within an ideation-to-action framework and to explore sex differences in suicide risk. Methods Participants (n = 7546, aged 16+) were from the cross-sectional Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey (APMS; 2014) of England. Face-to-face and self-completion questionnaires assessed lifetime suicidal ideation, lifetime suicide attempts, demographic characteristics, life experiences, social support, health and mental illness. Multinomial logistic regression examined factors differentiating between those with suicidal ideation only and suicide attempt histories (with or without suicidal ideation) in men and women. Results Overall men were less likely to report suicidal thoughts and attempts, compared to females. More factors differentiated between suicidal thoughts and attempts in women compared to in men; these included hospital admission for mental illness, below degree level qualifications, being single and childhood adversity. In men, factors which significantly differentiated between suicidal thoughts and attempts included self-report of professional diagnosis of mental illness and childhood adversity. Higher levels of social support were associated with being in the suicidal thoughts group v. in the attempts group in men. Conclusion This study identified some key differences between men and women in factors associated with suicide attempts compared to suicidal thoughts. The findings support the use of the ideation-to-action framework to investigate sex differences in suicidal behaviour. Future research should examine the extent to which these factors are associated with suicide risk over time.

Prevalence and correlates of suicidal thought and self-destructive behavior among an elderly hospital population in Iran

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1402-1408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahra Ekramzadeh ◽  
Ali Javadpour ◽  
Brian Draper ◽  
Arash Mani ◽  
Adrienne Withall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Destructive Behavior ◽  
History Of ◽  
Harmful Behavior ◽  
And Behavior

ABSTRACTBackground: Few studies have examined suicidal ideation and behavior in hospitalized physically ill elderly patients, a group potentially at high risk. Our aim was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for suicide ideation, and direct and indirect self-destructive behaviors among a sample of elderly inpatients.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2009; 650 inpatients aged 60 years and over were screened from various medical services in teaching hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in Iran. Suicidal ideation and behavior were measured with the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI) and the Harmful Behavior Scale (HBS). Depression was measured with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), medical burden with the geriatric version of the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS-G), life events with the Paykel Life Event Scale, and social support with the Perceived Social Support Scale.Result: Of the 650 patients screened with a mean age of 70.5 years (SD ± 7.5), 570 met inclusion criteria and of these 123 (21.6%) reported suicidal ideation on the BSSI and 80 (14.4%) had at least one self-destructive behavior included in the HBS. There was a significant correlation between suicide ideation and harmful behaviors (r = 0.503, p = 0.001). In a regression analysis, depressive symptoms, increased burden of medical conditions, marital status, history of substance use, history of traumatic life events, lack of perceived social support, and poor education were associated with both suicide ideation and harmful behavior. From demographic variables, living without a spouse and unemployment were predictors of suicidal ideation and behavior.Conclusion: Hospitalized, physically ill elderly patients have high rates of suicidal ideation and self-destructive behavior and these vary according to psychosocial and clinical factors. The general hospital is therefore a potential site for the recognition of suicidal individuals and implementation of proximal suicide prevention strategies.

Religious Practice and Depression among Geriatric Home Care Patients

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glen Milstein ◽  
Martha L. Bruce ◽  
Nina Gargon ◽  
Ellen Brown ◽  
Patrick J. Raue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Religious Services ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
History Of Depression

Objective: To examine the relationship between religious practice and depression in a sample of geriatric patients receiving homecare nursing services. Methods: Patients were sampled weekly for six months from all those aged 65 to 102, and newly enrolled in a visiting nurse agency ( N = 130). Depression was assessed by home interviews using the SCID and HRSD. Patients reported their religious service participation prior to receiving homecare and currently. Health status, disability, pain, social support and history of depression were also assessed. Results: The current prevalence of DSM-IV Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) was significantly greater ( p < .05), and depressive symptoms were more severe ( p < .02), among those persons who had not attended religious services prior to receiving homecare. Logistic regression demonstrated that the effect of religious attendance remained significant when controlling for health status, disability, pain, social support and history of depression. A subsequent analysis compared three groups of patients. They were those who had: 1) Not attended religious services; 2) Stopped attending since homecare; 3) Continued attending. Data demonstrated significantly decreasing prevalence of MDD ( p < .03) across the groups. Conclusions: Prevalence of DSM-IV Major Depressive Disorder and the severity of depressive symptoms were significantly lower among homecare patients who attend religious services. Because a large proportion of persons stop attending religious services after initiating homecare, it is suggested that visitation by clergy may improve depressive symptoms for these patients.

scholarly journals Demographic profile of patients and risk factors associated with suicidal behaviour in a South African district hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneeth Sadanand ◽  
Selvandran Rangiah ◽  
Rolan Chetty
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Poor Social Support ◽  
History Of

Background: Suicidal behaviour comprises self-destructive thoughts coupled with attempts at suicide, which negatively impacts the patient, family, friends, and their community. There is a paucity of data on factors influencing suicidal thoughts and behaviour in South Africa. The aim of this study was to evaluate demographic profile and risk factors associated with suicidal behaviour.Methods: In this retrospective descriptive and observational study, 282 medical records of patients with suicidal behaviour were studied. The risk factors and age at occurrence were tabulated. Descriptive analyses were undertaken to understand how they were distributed across key socio-demographic groups.Results: Suicidal behaviour was particularly prominent amongst the female population. The suicidal ideation, plan and non-fatal suicide were reported by 48.6%, 29.1% and 36.5%, of patients respectively. The prevalence for suicidal ideation was significantly higher in females (54.5% vs. 31.5%; p 0.0007) but not for suicidal plan (28.7% vs. 30.1%; p 0.81) and suicidal attempt (37.3% vs. 34.2%; p = 0.63) as compared with males. Suicidal behaviour was positively associated with depression (r = 0.56, p 0.001) and negatively associated with age (r = −0.16, p = 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that suicidal behaviour was influenced by female gender, poor social support, depression and a family history of non-fatal suicide.Conclusion: This research has confirmed an association between female sex and factors associated with a higher risk of suicidal behaviour.

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