scholarly journals Effect of Oral Calcium Supplementation on Insulin Sensitivity in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A468-A468
Author(s):  
Ye Myint ◽  
Mya Thanda Sein ◽  
Khin Saw Than ◽  
Ko Ko ◽  
Tint Swe Latt
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Calcium Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Calcium ◽  
Supplement Group ◽  
Serum Pth ◽  
Elemental Calcium ◽  
Pth Level

Abstract Background: Evidence from epidemiological research suggests that dietary calcium may protect against metabolic abnormality in populations at high risk. Observational studies show the relationship between dietary calcium intake and metabolic syndrome. However evidence for beneficial effect of elemental calcium supplementation on metabolic syndrome is limited. Aims: Present studydetermined whether oral calcium supplementation reduced insulin resistance in patients with metabolic syndrome or not. Methods; Hundred patients who have metabolic syndrome without diabetes mellitus, parathyroid disease, chronic renal failure, pregnancy and lactationwere randomly allocated to the group receiving 1500 mg/ day of elemental calcium as calcium carbonate for 8 weeks and the control group. The primary outcome was change in insulin resistance as measured by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Other outcomes were changes of serum free ionized calcium (FiCa) level with accompanying serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) level. Fasting serum glucose was measured by glucose oxidase method. Serum insulin and PTH level were measured by enzyme linked immunoassay. Total serum ionized calcium was analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Serum FiCa(mg/dl) level was calculated by using following formula = [6Ca-(K/3)]/(K+6). Results: Mean age of participants was 47.38±13.2 years in calcium supplement group (n = 50) and 49.46±12.9 years in control group (n=50). Mean body mass index was not significant different between two groups (30.91 ±4.23 vs 30.37 ± 4.62 kg/m2). More female were involved in both group, 72% vs 62% respectively. Baseline biochemical parameters of the participants between two groups were not significantly different. After 8 week intervention period, mean serum FiCa increased significantly from 2.64±1.19 mg/dl to 5.82± 5.59 mg/dl, p<0.0001, serum PTH decreased significantly from 57.88 ±17.05 pg/ml to 35.7±23.12 pg/ml, p<0.0001, HOMA-IR decreased significantly from 5.14 ± 3.71 to 2.94±1.51, p<0.0001. None of these parameters were significantly affected in control group. By comparing biochemical changes of calcium supplement group to control group, Mean (SEM) of paired difference changes were observed in serum FiCa level [3.18(0.81) vs 0.81(0.25)mg/dl, p<0.05], serum PTH level [22.18(3.24) vs 3.58(1.99)pg/ml, p<0.0001] and HOMA-IR [2.19(0.45) vs 0.43(0.21), p<0.05]. It indicated that elemental calcium supplementation not only reduced insulin resistance but also decompensated the higher level of PTH to normal range by replenishing FiCa significantly. Conclusion: Eight-week oral elemental calcium supplementation of 1500mg/day showed beneficial effect on insulin sensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome in Iraqi female patients with major β-thalassemia

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaemaa Hadi Abdulsada ◽  
Aliaa Hashim Farag ◽  
Hassanain Kamil ◽  
Salma Abdul-Rudha ◽  
Ali Abdulrassol Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
B Cell Function ◽  
Increased Risk

Patients with β-thalassemia may have an increased risk for diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases due to high level of iron which may lead to insulin resistanceand metabolic syndrome. So this study aimed to evaluate the levels of lipids profile in Iraqi female patients with β-thalassemia. Forty twofemale (age 15-30) years were enrolled in this study. Blood was collected and the sera were separated from (22) female patients with β-thalassemia who were attended the Ibn-Al-Baladi hospital from September 2012 to January 2013 and (20) healthy subject as a control group. Body mass index (BMI), lipid profile, FSG, insulin, insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity, B-cell function, iron, atherogenic index of serum were estimated.The results showed the presence of a significant increase in serum iron and significant decrease in insulin, B-cell function, LDL, VLDL, and TC in serum of patients with β-thalassemia when compared with control group. BMI also showed a significant decrease in patients when compared with the controls. Serum Insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity, HDL, TG, AIS, and FSG showed no-significant differences in patients with β-thalassemia when compared with control group. We concluded there was no metabolic syndrome in female patients with β-thalassemia.

Metabolic syndrome and risk factors after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children and adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gizem Guner Ozenen ◽  
Serap Aksoylar ◽  
Damla Goksen ◽  
Salih Gozmen ◽  
Sukran Darcan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

Abstract Objectives The early and late complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) determine the patients’ prognosis and life quality. We aim to determine the metabolic syndrome development frequency after HSCT in children to find out the risk factors and compare them with healthy adolescents. Methods Thirty-six children who underwent HSCT at least two years ago were analyzed prospectively and cross-sectionally. Our study included 18 healthy children between the ages of 11 and 17 as a control group. All of the cases were assessed in terms of metabolic syndrome (MS) through the use of Modified WHO Criteria. Results The patients’ median age was 10.6 (5.1–17) years, the median time of follow-up after HCST was 4.1 (2–13.5) years and 70% were male. Two cases were diagnosed with MS (5.6%). When considered in terms of the sub-components of MS, 2 cases (5.6%) were found to have obesity, 17 cases (47%) abnormal glucose tolerance, 11 cases (30.7%) dyslipidemia, and 3 cases (8.6%) hypertension. The MS rate was not different when compared with the 11–17 year-old healthy control group (0 vs. 11%, p=0.48). Myeloablative conditioning regimen (65 vs. 20%) and the increased age at which HSCT was performed were considered to be risk factors in terms of insulin resistance (p=0.025 and 0.002). Conclusions Age and conditioning regimens were found to be the risk factors for insulin resistance development. The long-term follow-up of the cases who had undergone HSCT in childhood in terms of MS and its sub-components is important in order to increase life quality.

Abstract 610: Ineffective Suppression of Adipocyte Lipolysis in Metabolic Syndrome: An in vivo Test for Adipocyte Insulin Resistance

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Ford ◽  
Raymond C Boston ◽  
Rachel E Walker ◽  
Gregory C Shearer
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Lipid Droplet ◽  
Minimal Model ◽  
Initial Rate ◽  
Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Intravenous Glucose ◽  
In Vivo Test

Background: Insulin resistance is a major contributor to metabolic syndrome, disrupting both glucose and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) dynamics through ineffective glucose clearance and decreased suppression of lipid droplet lipolysis. The minimal model of glucose dynamics is used for glycemic insulin sensitivity however it does not measure adipocyte insulin sensitivity, the primary determinant of plasma NEFA. An in-vivo approach to measuring adipocyte insulin sensitivity using NEFA is employed, comparing healthy and metabolic syndrome subjects. Both the models are employed to estimate insulin sensitivity and validate the NEFA approach. Objective: To test the use of NEFA kinetics to measure adipocyte insulin sensitivity compared to the glucose minimal model. Approach and results: Metabolic syndrome (n=56) and optimally healthy (n=14) subjects underwent a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test, and plasma analyzed for insulin, glucose, and NEFA. Insulin sensitivity ( S I ) and glucose effectiveness ( S G ) were calculated from the glucose minimal model. S I was 1.7 (mU/L) -1 min -1 and 0.40 (mU/L) -1 /min -1 and S G was 0.027 min -1 and 0.017 min -1 for the healthy and metabolic syndrome groups, respectively, indicating substantial glycemic insulin resistance in the latter. A model using glucose as the driver for NEFA kinetics was then applied. We found the initial rate of NEFA utilization by tissues (NU) was less, but the threshold glucose (tG) and glucose concentration required for a unit change in lipolysis inhibition ( G i ) were greater in metabolic syndrome verses healthy (NU: 0.050[0.045, 0.057] vs. 0.068[0.054, 0.086] p=0.03; tG: 6.7[6.2, 7.2] vs. 5.0[4.3, 5.9] p=0.001; G i : 0.30[0.25, 0.35] vs. 0.17[0.07, 0.27] p=0.02). No differences were found in initial rate of NEFA production or glucose utilization. Conclusion: Our results indicate that suppression of lipid-droplet lipolysis requires greater stimulus in metabolic syndrome compared to insulin sensitive adipocytes. Further, the rate of NEFA removal is less in metabolic syndrome. These results reveal components of insulin sensitivity not demonstrated by the glucose model. The NEFA model provides a measurement of adipocyte insulin sensitivity not captured by glycemic indices.

scholarly journals Correlation of serum PTH level and fracture healing speed in elderly patients with hip fracture

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Nan Ban ◽  
Zheng-Jiang Li ◽  
Qi-Shan Gu ◽  
Jun Cheng ◽  
Qiang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fracture Group ◽  
Delayed Healing ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Serum Pth ◽  
Effective Group ◽  
Pth Level

Abstract Purpose To access serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) level in elderly patients with hip fracture in relation to fracture healing outcomes. Methods This study included 90 elderly male patients with hip fracture and they were defined as the hip fracture group, and they were divided into healing effective group and delayed healing group by final fracture healing outcomes, 45 cases in each group; another 45 male patients older than 70 years without established osteoporosis and hip fracture were included as the control group. The levels of serum PTH level were examined in each group. Results Serum PTH level was significantly higher in healing effective group patients at the 7 days and 14 days after fracture than the delayed healing patients. Conclusions Our results show that serum PTH level may be an effective indicator of hip fracture delayed healing risk in the elderly.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness and Serum Interleukin-17a Level in Patients with Isolated Metabolic Syndrome

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esra Demir ◽  
Nazmiye Harmankaya ◽  
İrem Kıraç Utku ◽  
Gönül Açıksarı ◽  
Turgut Uygun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness ◽  
The Relationship

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between the epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EATT) and serum IL-17A level insulin resistance in metabolic syndrome patients. This study enrolled a total of 160 subjects, of whom 80 were consecutive patients who applied to our outpatient clinic and were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, and the other 80 were consecutive patients who were part of the control group with similar age and demographics in whom the metabolic syndrome was excluded. The metabolic syndrome diagnosis was made according to International Diabetes Federation (IDF)-2005 criteria. EATT was measured with transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in the subjects. IL-17A serum levels were determined using the ELISA method. Fasting blood glucose, HDL, triglyceride, and fasting insulin levels were significantly higher in the metabolic syndrome group compared to the control group. In addition, the metabolic syndrome group had significantly higher high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and Homeostatic Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) levels than the control group. Similarly, serum IL-17A levels were significantly elevated in the metabolic syndrome group compared to the control group statistically (p < 0.001). As well, EATT was higher in the metabolic syndrome than the control group. Conclusion: By virtue of their proinflammatory properties, EATT and IL-17 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome.

Insulin resistance caused by amylin in conscious rats is independent of induced hypocalcemia and fades during long-term exposure

1993 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clemens Fürnsinn ◽  
Peter Nowotny ◽  
Michael Roden ◽  
Madeleine Rohac ◽  
Thomas Pieber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Euglycemic Hyperinsulinemic Clamp

To compare the effect of short- vs long-term amylin infusion on insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance and serum calcemia, euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (26 pmol·kg−1·min−1) and glucose tolerance tests (2.4 mmol/kg over 30 min) were performed in lean Zucker rats. Three infusion protocols were employed: control group: 24 h of iv saline; short-term amylin exposure: 22 h of iv saline followed by 2 h of iv amylin (20 μg/h); long-term amylin exposure: 24 h of iv amylin (20 μg/h). Insulin resistance was induced by short-term amylin infusion during euglycemic clamping, as shown by a 41% decrease in space-corrected glucose infusion rates (μmol·kg−1·min−1; control group, 106.0±15.0; short-term iv amylin, 62.7±15.0; p<0.00 5). After long-term amylin exposure, insulin sensitivity was identical to control values (109.9±6.7). This fading action of amylin was confirmed by data from the glucose tolerance test, demonstrating glucose intolerance after short- but not after long-term amylin exposure. Serum calcium concentration decreased during short-term (2 h) amylin infusion (from 2.52±0.15 to 2.09±0.12 mmol/l; p<0.01) and hypocalcemia of a similar extent also was present after 22 h and 24 h of amylin exposure (2.10±0.09 and 2.04±0.14 mmol/l, respectively). The data demonstrate that short-term amylin infusion induces insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, both of which vanish during long-term (>22 h) amylin exposure, being apparently independent of induced hypocalcemia.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome in a Danish Population of Women with Previous Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Is Three-Fold Higher than in the General Population

2005 ◽  
Vol 90 (7) ◽  
pp. 4004-4010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannet Lauenborg ◽  
Elisabeth Mathiesen ◽  
Torben Hansen ◽  
Charlotte Glümer ◽  
Torben Jørgensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Diabetes And Obesity

Abstract Context: Diabetes and obesity, components of the metabolic syndrome, are common characteristics of women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Due to increasing incidence of diabetes and obesity, the metabolic syndrome might comprise a major health problem among these women. Objective: The objective was to estimate the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome by three different criteria [World Health Organization 1999 (WHO), The National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults 2001, and European Group for the Study of Insulin Resistance 2002] among women with previous GDM. Design: We conducted a follow-up study of a Danish cohort of women admitted in 1978–1996 to the Diabetes and Pregnancy Center, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, with diet-treated GDM. The follow-up took place in 2000–2002 at median 9.8 yr (interquartile range 6.4–17.2) after pregnancy. Results were compared with a control group of 1000 age-matched women from a population-based sample (Inter99). Participants: Four hundred eighty-one women at median age 43 yr (interquartile range 38–48) participated. Main Outcome Measures: The main outcome measures were body mass index (BMI), glucose tolerance, blood pressure, lipid profile, and insulin resistance. Results: Independent of the criteria, the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was three times higher in the prior GDM group, compared with the control group (e.g. WHO: 38.4 vs. 13.4%, P &lt; 0.0005). Age- and BMI-adjusted odds ratio for having the WHO-defined metabolic syndrome was 3.4 (95% confidence interval 2.5–4.8) for the prior GDM group vs. the control group. Obese women (BMI &gt; 30 kg/m2) with previous GDM had a more than 7-fold increased prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (WHO), compared with normal-weight prior GDM women (BMI &lt; 25 kg/m2). In glucose-tolerant women, the prevalence was doubled in the prior GDM group, compared with control group. Conclusion: The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was three times as high in women with prior diet-treated GDM, compared with age-matched control subjects.

Effect of leptin on the gallbladder in patients with metabolic syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia G. Virstyuk ◽  
N. R. Senyutovich
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Group I

The study involved 58 patients with chronic noncalculous cholecystitis (CNC) divided into two groups. Group I included 30 CNC patients with metabolic syndrome (MS), group II 28 CNC patients without MS. The control group consisted of 20 healthy people. MS was diagnosed according to International Diabetes Federation guidelines (2005). The following anthropometric parameters were determined: body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio, blood lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoproteins (HDL), and low density lipoproteins (LDL)). Leptin and insulin levels were measured using commercial ELISA kits «Leptin ELISA» and «Insulin ELISA» (DRG International, Inc., USA) respectively. Insulin resistance index HOMA-IR (Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance) was calculated. It was shown that leptin level in CNC patients with MS was 2.61 times that in healthy subjects (p <0.001) and 2.47 times higher than in CNC patients without MS (p <0.001). Significant direct correlations between leptin blood levels andBMI, HOMA-IR index, triglycerides, and cholesterol were documented. The relationships between blood levels of leptin and the thickness of the gallbladder (GB) wall, the amount of cholesterol crystals in bile, and decreased bile release rate from GB which suggests effect of leptin on the structural and functional changes in GB.

Does compensatory hyperparathyroidism predispose to ischemic stroke? [RETRACTED]

Neurology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 626-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Sato ◽  
M. Kaji ◽  
N. Metoki ◽  
K. Satoh ◽  
J. Iwamoto
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Serum Pth ◽  
Pth Level

Background: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is vasoactive, and the endothelium is one of the target tissues of this hormone. Hyperparathyroidism is frequently associated with hypertension.Objective: To determine if hyperparathyroidism, which develops particularly in elderly women as a compensatory mechanism to osteoporosis, may be a risk factor for ischemic stroke.Methods: Serum PTH levels and bone mineral density (BMD) in 107 elderly patients with ischemic stroke (≥65 years old) were assessed on the day of onset. The control group consisted of 107 healthy volunteers matched for age and sex.Results: BMD was significantly lower and serum PTH higher in female stroke patients than in control subjects; there was a negative correlation between these two measurements. One-third of the female stroke patients had a serum PTH level higher than the mean + 2 SD of the control subjects (high PTH group), and the interval between menopause and the stroke was significantly longer in the high PTH group than in the normal PTH group. Multiple logistic analyses revealed hypertension and ischemic heart disease were more prevalent in the high PTH group. BMD and PTH were normal in male stroke patients.Conclusion: High serum PTH level may be associated with high incidence of ischemic stroke in women, possibly through the increased incidence of hypertension.

scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome signs in Wistar rats submitted to different high-fructose ingestion protocols

2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (8) ◽  
pp. 1178-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Ferreira de Moura ◽  
Carla Ribeiro ◽  
Juliana Aparecida de Oliveira ◽  
Eliane Stevanato ◽  
Maria Alice Rostom de Mello
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adequate Model ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
High Fructose

In search of an adequate model for the human metabolic syndrome, the metabolic characteristics of Wistar rats were analysed after being submitted to different protocols of high fructose ingestion. First, two adult rat groups (aged 90 d) were studied: a control group (C1;n6) received regular rodent chow (Labina, Purina) and a fructose group (F1;n6) was fed on regular rodent chow. Fructose was administered as a 10 % solution in drinking water. Second, two adult rat groups (aged 90 d) were evaluated: a control group (C2;n6) was fed on a balanced diet (AIN-93G) and a fructose group (F2;n6) was fed on a purified 60 % fructose diet. Finally, two young rat groups (aged 28 d) were analysed: a control group (C3;n6) was fed on the AIN-93G diet and a fructose group (F3;n6) was fed on a 60 % fructose diet. After 4–8 weeks, the animals were evaluated. Glucose tolerance, peripheral insulin sensitivity, blood lipid profile and body fat were analysed. In the fructose groups F2 and F3 glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were lower, while triacylglycerolaemia was higher than the respective controls C2 and C3 (P < 0·05). Blood total cholesterol, HDL and LDL as well as body fat showed change only in the second protocol. In conclusion, high fructose intake is more effective at producing the signs of the metabolic syndrome in adult than in young Wistar rats. Additionally, diet seems to be a more effective way of fructose administration than drinking water.

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