scholarly journals Biochemical Profiling of Source and Sink Tissues at Different Growth Stages of Early and Late Maturing Varieties of Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids)

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indu Verma ◽  
Kriti Roopendra ◽  
Amaresh Chandra ◽  
Aisha Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Distinct Source ◽  
Sucrose Storage ◽  
Sink Demand ◽  
Source Sink ◽  
Source And Sink

Sugarcane being C4 crop exhibits distinct source-sink signaling pathway that helps in storing remarkably high amount of sucrose in its sink tissues that makes it a highly remunerable crop worldwide. In the present study sugar content was profiled in both source and sink tissues of early (CoJ64) and late (BO91) maturing sugarcane varieties. At early growth stage (i.e. at 210 DAP) sink tissues of both varieties exhibited higher reducing sugar and low sucrose content while in source tissues both sucrose and reducing sugar content was observed high, depicted lower sink demand for sucrose. With maturity, when sink demand for sucrose storage increased, rise in sucrose content was seen in sink tissues, whereas in source tissues gradual decrease in sucrose and reducing sugar content was observed. Accumulation of sucrose was found much higher in CoJ64 than those in BO91. In CoJ64 maximum sucrose content (64.2%) was seen at 330 DAP while in BO91 it was 41.8% at 390 DAP. At this stage, source tissues too exhibited higher sucrose and reducing sugar content. Thus sucrose synthesis in source tissues and its transportation to the sink tissues is primarily governed by the sink demand.

Performance of New Sugarcane Varieties in the Cabo Rojo-Hormigueros Area of Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
M. Pérez-Zapata ◽  
G. Ramírez-Oliveras ◽  
C. González-Molina
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Commercial Variety ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
High Sugar ◽  
Plant Crop

The performance of 34 new sugarcane varieties was evaluated in a plant crop and two ratoons at two sites in southwestern Puerto Rico. At Bonilla farm in Cabo Rojo the five leading varieties were PR 65-413, PR 65-339, PR 62-739, UCW 53-69, and PR 980. PR 980, which is the leading commercial variety of the Cabo Rojo area, ranked fifth in total sugar production per acre. PR 65-413 and PR 65-339 have the greatest potential as commercial varieties for the Cabo Rojo area, since they are high sugar yielders and suited to mechanization. In the humid valley of Central Eureka in Hormigueros, the most outstanding varieties were PR 1152, PR 61-902, PR 1140, CP 52-43, and NCo 310. PR 1152 is high in sugar content and cane tonnage production, and is suitable for mechanized harvesting. PR 1140 and PR 61-902 also had a good sucrose content, but their performance in subsequent crops was poor. NCo 310 and UCW 53-69 are not suitable for mechanized harvesting.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF CHICKEN FEET GELATIN TO CHARACTERISTIC OF JELLY CANDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Miskiyah Miskiyah ◽  
Juniawati Juniawati ◽  
Nur Afni Oktafia ◽  
Siti Chairiyah Batubara
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Jelly candy is a soft textured candy processed with hydrocolloid components such as gum, pectin, agar, starch, carrageenan, gelatin. These are used to modify the chewy texture. This study aimed was to determine the effect of the combination of chicken feet gelatin and agar on the quality of jelly candy. Processing of chicken feet gelatin jelly candy based on Caeccar et.al (2018) method by modification. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor, five levels and three replications. The factors studied were the ratio of chicken feet gelatin and agar 80:20; 60:40; 40:60; 20:80; 0:100. Product quality characteristics observed in this study were water content, ash content, reducing sugar content, sucrose content, and organoleptic quality. The results showed that the combination of chicken feet gelatine and agar were significantly affected water, ash, reducing sucrose content. Jelly candy with a treatment combination of 80% chicken feet gelatine and 20% agar was the best treatment. The results of the analysis of the candy were water content of 11.02± 0.04%, ash content of 0.89± 0.00%, reducing sugar content of 10.83± 0.01%, sucrose content of 50.68± 0.28%. The organoleptic test results showed that chicken feet gelatine improved the texture and taste of jelly candy.

Independent and interactive effects of waterlogging and salinity on carbohydrate metabolism and root anatomy in pigeonpea genotypes at different growth stages

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Savita Duhan ◽  
Sunita Sheokand ◽  
Anita Kumari ◽  
Nidhi Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Root Anatomy ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Total Sugar Content

Four pigeon pea genotypes (ICPH-2431, PARAS, UPAS-120, H09-33) were raised in polythene bags filled with half kg soil + FYM manure mixture. Waterlogging, salinity and waterlogging + salinity treatments were given for 8 days and observations were recorded 1 day after removal from treatment in 20 and 40 day old plants. Significant decline in percent survival was observed under waterlogging and combined treatment in 20 and 40 day old plants. Decline in total sugar content and non reducing sugar content was observed under all three treatments in 20 and 40 day old plant leaves. In roots, an initial increase in total soluble sugar content was observed with waterlogging and salinity treatment. Non reducing sugar content also decreased under all the three treatments. An increase in sucrose synthase and alcohol dehydrogenase activity under all three treatments and formation of aerenchyma in roots under waterlogging and combined treatment was also observed. Waterlogging and salinity in combination was more deleterious compared to alone treatments. Roots were more sensitive to all the stresses as compared to leaves. ICPH performed best among all the genotypes.

scholarly journals Chemical Compounds Of Granulated Palm Sugar Made From Sap Of Nipa Palm (Nypa Fruticans Wurmb) Growing In Three Different Places

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosidah R Radam ◽  
Hj. Noor Mirad Sari ◽  
Hj. Lusyani Lusyani
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Cane Sugar ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Palm Sugar ◽  
Nipa Palm

Production of granulated sugar from sap of nipa palms in South Kalimantan Province is a new innovation. <strong><em>The purpose</em></strong> of this study was to find out the chemical compounds contained in granulated sugar made from sap of nipa palms growing in 3 different places, which was expected to <strong><em>benefit</em></strong> wider community as a source of alternative sweetener. The chemical compound<strong><em> test</em></strong> of granulated nipa palm sugar was conducted at the Laboratory of Institute for Research and Standardization of Industry, Banjarbaru. Chemical <strong><em>parameters</em></strong> tested were water, sucrose, reducing sugar, fat, protein, phosphorus, and potassium content. <strong><em>The test results showed</em></strong> that the water content of granulated nipa palm sugar in treatment A<sub>1</sub>, A<sub>2</sub>, and A<sub>3</sub> was 3.69%, 4.04%, and 2.31%, respectively; the protein content 0.65%, 2.19%, and 1.10%; the fat content 0.27 %, 0.34 %, and 0.20 %; the reducing sugar content 2.39%, 0.51%, and 0.52%; the sucrose content 75.14%, 68.15%, and 88.46%; the phosphorus content 1.1342%, 1.1196%, and 1.138%; and the potassium content 1.60%, 1.40%, and 1.58%, respectively. The test parameters of granulated nipa palm sugar that met the Mandatory Indonesia National Standard (SNI) 01-3743-1995 were the water content of granulated sugar from sap of nipa palms growing in dry place (land), the reducing sugar content and sucrose content in all treatments. It can be concluded from the three required parameters that granulated nipa palm sugar is able to become the source of new sweetener in addition to block arenga palm sugar and crystal cane sugar for the community in South Kalimantan.

scholarly journals Gas exchanges and carbohydrate metabolism in orangetrees with citrus variegated chlorosis

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara de Menezes de Assis Gomes ◽  
Ana Maria Magalhães Andrade Lagôa ◽  
Eduardo Caruso Machado ◽  
Camilo Lázaro Medina ◽  
Marcos Antônio Machado
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Citrus Variegated Chlorosis ◽  
Orange Trees

Gas exchanges, sucrose, starch and reducing sugar contents were analyzed in leaves of orange trees with and without Citrus Variegated Chlorosis (CVC), a disease caused by the bacteria Xylella fastidiosa. Healthy plants (HP) and diseased plants (DP) were evaluated 20 and 26 months after bacterial inoculation, in October 1998 and April 1999, respectively. On the first evaluation date, CO2 assimilation rates for HP were greater than DP in the early morning and midday, but on the second date they were greater in HP all along the day. On the first date, there was an increase in the sucrose content of DP at 15:00 h and 17:00 h in relation to HP. On the second evaluation date, DP presented greater reducing sugar content only in the early morning while sucrose content showed a decrease at 15:00 h. Also, on the second date, the concentrations of starch were always lower for DP compared to HP. It is suggested that this variation in starch levels might be related to energy availability in DP, as they also showed lower photosynthetic rates. Soluble sugars did not show any correlation with the disease and photosynthetic parameters.

scholarly journals The Honey Quality of Apis mellifera with Extrafloral Nectar in Lombok West Nusa Tenggara Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Erwan Erwan ◽  
Muhammad Harun ◽  
Muhammad Muhsinin
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Extrafloral Nectar ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Statistical Program

The purpose of the present study was to analyze Apis mellifera honey's quality given extrafloral nectar feed from Arenga pinnata sap and Cocus nucifera sap as stimulatory nutrition. The chemical compositions of honey, such as reducing sugar content, sucrose content, the acidity of honey, moisture content, and diastase enzyme activity, were measured. The comparison between A. mellifera honey's chemical compositions on Arenga pinnata sap and Cocus nucifera sap ware was analyzed using the student t-test (GraphPad Instant Statistical Program). The result from the analysis of reducing sugar content showed that the A. mellifera honey from Cocus nucifera sap (73.69± 0.21%) had a higher (P<0.05) than the Arenga pinnata sap (60.15±2.13%). The significant differences (P<0.05) in the acidity of A. mellifera honey from Arenga pinnata sap (43.00±7.48) compared with Cocus nucifera sap (22.00±2.14). The sucrose content, moisture content, and diastase enzyme activity were not significant differences between the A. mellifera honey from Arenga pinnata sap compared with the A. mellifera honey from Cocus nucifera sap. In conclusion, the chemical compositions of A. mellifera honey with extrafloral nectar (Arenga pinnata sap and Cocus nucifera sap) are good quality and indicate that the honey falls under the limits of international standards. The A. mellifera honey from Cocus nucifera sap has a higher sugar reduction content and lower acidity than the A. mellifera honey from Arenga pinnata sap

scholarly journals Effects of Seaweed Extracts on the Growth, Physiological Activity, Cane Yield and Sucrose Content of Sugarcane in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diwen Chen ◽  
Wenling Zhou ◽  
Jin Yang ◽  
Junhua Ao ◽  
Ying Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Seaweed Extracts

Seaweed extracts (SEs) have been widely used as biostimulants in crop management due to their growth-promoting and stress-resistant effects. To date, there are few reports of the effect of SEs on sucrose content and cane yield. Here, we conducted field experiments for three consecutive growth seasons (2017∼2019) in two areas (Suixi and Wengyuan) of China, to investigate the yield and sugar content of sugarcane in response to SE treatment at different growth stages. The results showed that spraying SEs once at seedling (S), early elongation (E), and early mature (M) stages, respectively, once at S and E stages, respectively, or once at the S stage increased the cane yield by 9.23, 9.01, and 3.33%, respectively, implying that SEs application at the early elongation stage played a vital role in promoting sugarcane growth. Photosynthetic parameters and nutrient efficiency analysis showed that spraying SEs at S and E stages enhanced the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and water use efficiency, and increased N, P, or K utilization efficiency, compared with those of the control. Notably, cane yield increasing rate of SEs in 2017 and 2018 were higher than those in 2019 in Wengyuan but lower than those in 2019 in Suixi. Interestingly, the total rainfall and monthly average rainfall in 2017 and 2018 were lower than those in 2019 in Wengyuan but higher than those in 2019 in Suixi. The results suggested that the yield increasing rate of SEs on sugarcane was better in less rainfall years. The sucrose content of sugarcane showed no difference between spraying SEs at the M stage alone or at the three growth stages but was higher than those of SE treatments at S and/or E stages. Enzyme activity analysis showed that spraying SEs at the M stage increased the activity of sucrose phosphate synthase activity by 9.14% in leaves and 15.16% in stems, and decreased soluble acid invertase activity in stems by 16.52%, which contributed to the sucrose increase of 5.00%. The above results suggested that SEs could increase cane yield and promote sucrose accumulation in sugarcane. The yield increasing effect was more obvious under conditions of drought stress.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sugar Types in Selected Brands of Commercial Fruit Juice in Osun State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 984-987
Author(s):  
Adewale Akanni Tella Taleat ◽  
Florence Alaba Akanfe ◽  
Bolatito Olaitan Adeniyi ◽  
Sinmiat Abiodun Oladapo
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Juice Sample ◽  
Reducing Properties

The study examined the sugar types and sum sugars in selected brands of commercial fruit juice. The sugar types were determined base on the reducing properties of the monosaccharide sugars using Lane and Eynon method. Non-reducing sugar was estimated after it hydrolysis. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using ANOVA and Hierarchical Clustering (Dendrogram). The results showed that there is no significant difference in the sugar content amongst the seven brands of fruit juice analyzed. However, the results indicated that there is significant difference in the sugar types (Dextrose, Fructose and Sucrose) found in the samples. Fructose was found to be the higher concentrated of the two reducing sugars determined (Dextrose and Fructose) across the samples analyzed. Sample B has the highest fructose and dextrose concentrations (5.22± 0.02 g/100 mL) and (4.92± 0.01 g/100 mL) respectively while G has the lowest concentrations of the two sugars (4.76± 0.01 g/100 mL) and (4.49± 0.01 g/100 mL). Maximum sucrose content was recorded in G (9.36± 0.02 g/100 mL) out of 18.61 g/100mL total sugar reported for the sample. Lowest sucrose was observed in sample E (6.96± 0.03 g/100mL) out of 16.33 g/100 mL total sugar. There is significant amount of sucrose in all the fruit juice sample analyzed

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF SUGARCANE HARVEST USING REMOTE SENSING

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W18 ◽  
pp. 857-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rahimi Jamnani ◽  
A. Liaghat ◽  
F. Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Optimal Model ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Representative Farms

Abstract. In Iranian sugarcane agro-industries, the harvest time is estimated by sucrose content. Measuring the sucrose content in the juice (pol) during sugarcane harvest season will help users and farmers to achieve the best time for sugarcane harvest, which is important in accurate agricultural management. In harvest season, the pol percent is measured weekly by the destructive method through sampling of different areas of representative farms. In the this method, all fields are not sampled due to the plurality of fields and the need for expenditure and workforce, and the measured samples do not represent the entire area of a field. The aim of this paper is to find an optimal model for determine best harvest time for four sugarcane varieties using satellite vegetation indices, and also to obtain a zoning map which represents the areas ready for harvest during a harvest season in order to achieve maximum sucrose content. The results showed that, compared with NDVI and GVI, GNDVI represented higher correlation with pol (R2=0.885). The optimum values of GNDVI were found to be between 0.5 and 0.55, which indicated the areas with highest sucrose concentration. In addition, the zoning map was presented that makes it possible to separate spatially the areas ready for harvest in each field and they were also showed that central areas of farms ripened (reach maximum sugar content) sooner than sideways.

Conversion of mature leaves into sinks on the dicotyledonous C4 plants Amaranthus caudatus and Gomphrena globosa

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1081-1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Blechschmidt-Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Mature Leaf ◽  
Anatomical Studies ◽  
Amaranthus Caudatus ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Gomphrena Globosa ◽  
Sink Demand ◽  
Source Sink ◽  
Source And Sink ◽  
Storage Processes

The effect of an artificially created sink leaf on translocation of 14C-labeled assimilates from a source leaf of the C4 plants Amaranthus caudatus L. and Gomphrena globosa L. was studied with autoradiography. Anatomical studies showed that the vasculature of two successive leaves within a given orthostichy is directly connected by stem bundles. Therefore, in an intact plant, much of the acropetally translocated 14C-labeled assimilates from a mature source leaf moved into the next younger leaf directly above. When such a young leaf on an otherwise illuminated plant was kept under sink conditions (dark, CO2-free air), its increased sink demand resulted in a clearly higher 14C-import, compared with a control. Even a mature leaf of Gomphrena subjected to the similar sink conditions developed sufficient sink demand to import a certain amount of basipetally transported 14C-labeled assimilates from a younger source leaf. In Amaranthus, there was no basipetal translocation from a younger source leaf and, consequently, no 14C-import into a mature leaf under sink conditions occurred. A complete conversion of a mature leaf into a sink was attained only with a pruned source–sink transport system of both plants under source and sink limitation. This conversion from the source to the sink status caused a change in the direction of assimilate flow within the petiolar and stem bundles. The data indicate that a mature leaf under sink conditions can be characterized as a sink with regard to assimilate translocation, although no growth or storage processes are involved in controlling this sink activity.

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