Light Optimization for an LED-Based Candling System and Detection Combined with Egg Parameters for Discrimination of Fertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 485-493
Author(s):  
Chenghao Pan ◽  
Gai Zhu ◽  
Yingping Zhang ◽  
Xiuqin Rao ◽  
Huanyu Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
List Type ◽  
Shell Color ◽  
Led Light ◽  
White Leds ◽  
A Value ◽  
L Value ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Egg Fertility

HighlightsAn LED-based candling system was designed to automatically judge egg fertility.LEDs of six different colors were tested for light optimization.Relative absorptivity (RA) was negatively correlated with the L* value and positively correlated with the a* value.The results combined with egg parameters produced higher accuracy than the results without egg parameters.Abstract. Removal of infertile eggs could increase the efficiency of commercial hatcheries by saving space, ensuring the hatching rate, and decreasing costs. In this study, an LED-based candling system was designed to automatically judge egg fertility by measuring photo-resistance, which was converted into the relative absorptivity (RA) of light through the egg. In the first experiment, 85 eggs were used to test LEDs of six different colors (red, yellow, green, blue, warm white, and cold white) during days 0 to 13 of incubation. In the second experiment, 170 eggs were detected with warm white LEDs during days 0 to 10 of incubation to further study whether egg parameters (weight, dimensions, and shell color) affected the accuracy of logistic regression. The detection results of the first experiment indicated that the RA of fertile eggs increased rapidly throughout the first 13 days of incubation, while the RA of infertile eggs increased little. Comparing the detection results for all LEDs, it was found that the warm white LEDs achieved the best results, with an accuracy of 94.9% on day 7. The second experiment showed that the RA was negatively correlated with the L* value (lightness or darkness) and positively correlated with the a* value (color in the red or green direction). Furthermore, on most days of incubation, the results of logistic regression combined with the egg parameters produced higher accuracy than the results without egg parameters. The accuracy was 100% on day 10. This study provides an automatic and non-destructive method to discriminate fertile eggs from infertile eggs for current hatcheries. Keywords: Egg parameters, Fertility, LED, Light optimization.

scholarly journals Development and validation of a clinical and genetic model for predicting risk of severe COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian S. Dite ◽  
Nicholas M. Murphy ◽  
Richard Allman
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Accurate Prediction ◽  
Training Dataset ◽  
Validation Dataset ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Prototype Model ◽  
List Type ◽  
New Model

SummaryClinical and genetic risk factors for severe COVID-19 are often considered independently and without knowledge of the magnitudes of their effects on risk. Using SARS-CoV-2 positive participants from the UK Biobank, we developed and validated a clinical and genetic model to predict risk of severe COVID-19. We used multivariable logistic regression on a 70% training dataset and used the remaining 30% for validation. We also validated a previously published prototype model. In the validation dataset, our new model was associated with severe COVID-19 (odds ratio per quintile of risk=1.77, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.64, 1.90) and had excellent discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve=0.732, 95% CI=0.708, 0.756). We assessed calibration using logistic regression of the log odds of the risk score, and the new model showed no evidence of over- or under-estimation of risk (α=−0.08; 95% CI=−0.21, 0.05) and no evidence or over- or under-dispersion of risk (β=0.90, 95% CI=0.80, 1.00). Accurate prediction of individual risk is possible and will be important in regions where vaccines are not widely available or where people refuse or are disqualified from vaccination, especially given uncertainty about the extent of infection transmission among vaccinated people and the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern.Key resultsAccurate prediction of the risk of severe COVID-19 can inform public heath interventions and empower individuals to make informed choices about their day-to-day activities.Age and sex alone do not accurately predict risk of severe COVID-19.Our clinical and genetic model to predict risk of severe COVID-19 performs extremely well in terms of discrimination and calibration.

scholarly journals The effect of enriched cyclopoid copepods on the coloration and feeding rate of Betta splendens

2021 ◽  
Vol 869 (1) ◽  
pp. 012007
Author(s):  
A Yuslan ◽  
N Nasir ◽  
H Suhaimi ◽  
A Arshad ◽  
N W Rasdi
Keyword(s):  
Rice Bran ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
B Value ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Betta Splendens ◽  
A Value ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
L Value

Abstract Copepods with a wide range of sizes, species, and nutritional compositions are preferred as live food for rearing of Betta splendens larvae. This research focuses on evaluating the efficiency of copepod enrichment diets in improving the coloration and feeding rate of B. splendens. Copepod were enriched with Chlorella sp. (T1), capsicum (T2), mixed vegetable (carrot + spinach), (T3), yeast (T4) and rice bran (T5) in 24 hours prior the feeding tests. As a result, proximate analysis of enriched-copepods showed that T1 (70.88±0.41) has highest protein content and T5 (22.01±0.59) has the highest lipid content. The specific growth rate and survival rate of B. splendens was highest in the treatment T1 (2.56±0.07%; 91.11±1.92%) and followed closely by T3 (2.49±0.51%; 85.55±8.39%). Feeding rate, T3 (70.08±3.88%) presented highest rate compared to other treatments. The different enrichment diets used were significantly impact the coloration test on body of L* value (P=0.001, P<0.05), T3 (66.11±3.60) appeared darker in color in contrast to others. As for a* value, the coloration was not impacted with the use of different enrichment on copepods (P=0.158, P>0.05) was detected for T1 (2.84±0.73) that gave a redder shade than other treatments did. T3 (2.40±0.30) exerted a more yellowish shade than the rest for b* value with a significant difference (P=0.015, P<0.05). The current study demonstrates that, rice bran, capsicum and mixed vegetable enrichment (carrot and spinach) have the potential to be an effective means of increasing B. splendens coloring and feeding rate. This potential diet can be further used as a substitution to artificial foods in producing sustainable culture of ornamental fish in the aquaculture industry.

Evaluation of Color Changes of Different Resin Cements in Feldspathic Ceramic Crowns After Accelerated Aging: An In Vitro Research

2021 ◽  
pp. 232020682110443
Author(s):  
Murat Eskitaşçıoğlu ◽  
Mehmet Şerif Akdeniz ◽  
Beyza Ünalan Değirmenci
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
B Value ◽  
Resin Cements ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
A Value ◽  
L Value ◽  
Ceramic Crowns ◽  
The Times

Aims: To evaluate the color changes that occur after accelerated aging in feldspathic ceramic crowns cemented with three different dual-cured resin cements. Materials and Methods: For each of the A2-colored RelyX U200, G-CEM LinkForce, and Panavia V5 cement groups, 45 dies from A2-colored zirconia blocks and 45 crowns from CEREC blocks were prepared. Color measurements after 24 h of cementation (T1) and after cycles of aging of 1750 (T2), 3500 (T3), and 7000 (T4) in the thermal cycle device were made using SpectroShade Micro device. The coordinates of the color were used L*, a*, and b* as base and the color change was calculated with ∆ E00 in determining the color. One-way analysis of variance test was used to compare the times in terms of ∆ L*, ∆ a*, and ∆ b* values. Results: It was found that ∆ L* value decreased significantly in period of the T2, T3, and T4 times compared to T1 in all groups ( P < .05), whereas the change between period of T2, T3, and T4 times was not significant ( P > .05). The ∆ a* value increased significantly in the period of T3 and T4 times compared to T1 in the only G-CEM LinkForce group, whereas the ∆ b* value increased significantly in the period of T4 time compared to T1 in the only Panavia V5 group. The changes in ∆ E00 values, which were observed in all period of times, were found to be between 0.43 and 1.04, 0.43 and 1.43, and 0.40 and 0.97 in RelyX U200, G-CEM LinkForce, and Panavia V5 groups, respectively. Conclusion: After accelerated aging, it was found that the color of all cements became darker and the G-CEM LinkForce group turned red and the Panavia V5 group turned yellow. However, it was found that the color changes that occurred were within clinically acceptable visible levels.

scholarly journals Formulation and Characterization of Antimicrobial Edible Films Based on Whey Protein Isolate and Tarragon Essential Oil

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1748
Author(s):  
Maria-Ioana Socaciu ◽  
Melinda Fogarasi ◽  
Cristina Anamaria Semeniuc ◽  
Sonia Ancuţa Socaci ◽  
Mihaela Ancuţa Rotar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
B Value ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Puncture Resistance ◽  
A Value ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
L Value

The effects of heat treatment and the addition of tarragon essential oil on physical and mechanical properties of films prepared with 5% whey protein isolate (WPI) and 5% glycerol were investigated in this study. Heat treatment of the film-forming solution caused increases in thickness, moisture content, swelling degree, water vapor permeability (WVP), b*-value, ΔE*-value, transmittance values in the 200–300-nm region, transparency, and puncture resistance of the film, but decreases in water solubility, L*-value, a*-value, transmittance values in the 350–800-nm region, and puncture deformation. When incorporated with tarragon essential oil, heat-treated films have the potential to be used as antimicrobial food packaging. The addition of tarragon essential oil in film-forming solution caused increases in moisture content, solubility in water, WVP, a*-value, b*-value, ΔE*-value, and transparency of the film; decreases in transmittance values in the range of 600–800 nm; and variations in swelling degree, L*-value, transmittance values in the range of 300–550 nm, puncture resistance, and puncture deformation. Nevertheless, different tendencies were noticed in UNT (untreated) and HT (heat-treated) films with regards to transparency, light transmittance, puncture resistance, and puncture deformation. Based on these findings, HT films show improved physical and mechanical properties and, therefore, are more suitable for food-packaging applications.

scholarly journals Developing New Health Material: The Utilization of Spray Drying Technology on Avocado (Persea Americana Mill.) Seed Powder

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Alissa ◽  
Yu-Chi Hung ◽  
Chih Yao Hou ◽  
GiGi Chin Wen Lim ◽  
Jhih-Ying Ciou
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
B Value ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
A Value ◽  
L Value ◽  
Drying Technology ◽  
Spray Dried ◽  
Avocado Seed

Avocado (Persea Americana Mill.) generates byproducts, especially the avocado seeds. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential utilization of avocado seed as a very important, high phenolic content, climacteric fruit with unique characteristics and high nutritional properties. As such, theantioxidative test is conducted, then spray drying is used to produce avocado seed powder. The objective of this study was to develop an avocado seed powder using the spray drying technique by investigating the solution stability with different avocado seed extract concentrations, and to determine the physical properties of spray dried avocado powder that consists of powder yield, moisture, water activity, solubility, and color. The avocado seed extract was mixed with maltodextrin and water and homogenized for 10 min at 8000 rpm. The avocado seed solution was then spray dried with different inlet temperatures and feed flow rates. The spray dried avocado seed powder was analyzed for its yield, moisture content, water activity, solubility, and color. It was reported that the solution with the least avocado extract concentration (10 g) had the best stability in terms of presence of solute particles and color. The avocado seed powder obtained from this experiment had yield ranges from 24.46–35.47%, moisture content ranges from 7.18–7.96%, water activity ranges from 0.27–0.34, solubility ranges from 55.50–79.67 seconds, L* value ranges from 38.38–41.05, a* value ranges from 6.20–7.25, and b* value ranges from 13.33–15.17. In addition, increasing inlet temperature resulted in an increase in powder yield, solubility, a* value, and b*value, as well as a decrease in moisture, water activity, and L* value. Meanwhile, increasing the feed flow rate resulted in an increase in powder yield, moisture, water activity, and all L*, a*, b* values, as well as a decrease in solubility. In conclusion, spray drying technology is able to develop avocado seed powder.

scholarly journals The base colour of fruit as an indicator of optimum harvest date for two apple cultivars (Malus domestica Borkh.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Łysiak
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Skin Colour ◽  
A Value ◽  
Colour System ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Harvest Maturity ◽  
Non Destructive

The base colour of fruit as an indicator of optimum harvest date for two apple cultivars (Malus domesticaBorkh.)The CIE L*a*b*colour system is used to evaluate food colours. Its advantage is that the base skin colour in apples can be measured on the same fruit before and on the optimum harvest date. The aim of the research conducted between 2002 and 2006 was to evaluate a quick and non-destructive method of determining the optimum harvest date of apples intended for long storage based on the changes observed in the base skin colour. Another important research aspect was to compare this method with other methods or indicators used to determine the harvest date. The colour measurement was conducted on two apple cultivars, Šampion and Royal Gala, with the aim of, amongst other factors, establishing a standard for each that could be used in practice in fruit production. From amongst the evaluated colour indicators L*, a*, b*, Hueabangle and chroma, changes in the base colour were best illustrated by the a*coordinate value and Hueabangle value. Based on the evaluation of the quality of fruits after storage, it can be stated that the fruits had the best quality when the a*coordinate during harvest ranged between -7 and -8 for ‘Šampion' and between -3 and -5 for ‘Royal Gala’. The Hueabangle assumed a value between 100 and 101 for ‘Šampion' and between 96 and 99 for ‘Royal Gala’ during the optimum harvest date. Therefore, the a*coordinate and the Hueabangle can be used to indicate harvest maturity.

scholarly journals The organic pepper (Piper nigrum L.) value chain in São Tomé e Príncipe under a value chain analysis for development methodology perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fonseca Cristino Mandinga Bonfim ◽  
Coelho José Castro ◽  
Soares Fernando Brito ◽  
Correia Augusto Manuel Nogueira Gomes ◽  
Soares Zélia Maria Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Value Chain Analysis ◽  
Development Methodology ◽  
A Value ◽  
Chain Analysis ◽  
L Value ◽  
Sao Tome E Principe

scholarly journals Evaluation of the ability of the trypsin-like peptidase activity assay to detect severe periodontitis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256538
Author(s):  
Masanori Iwasaki ◽  
Michihiko Usui ◽  
Wataru Ariyoshi ◽  
Keisuke Nakashima ◽  
Yoshie Nagai-Yoshioka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Peptidase Activity ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
A Value ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽  
Severe Periodontitis

Objectives N-benzoyl-DL-arginine peptidase (trypsin-like peptidase) is specifically produced by certain strains of periodontitis-associated bacteria. We aimed to examine the effectiveness of an objectively quantified trypsin-like peptidase activity assay (TLP-AA) for detecting severe periodontitis. Methods The study population included 347 adults (108 men and 239 women; average age, 43.3 years) who underwent a full-mouth periodontal examination. Specimens for the TLP-AA were obtained using tongue swabs. Using a color reader, the TLP-AA results were obtained as a* values, with higher positive a* values indicating an increased intense enzymatic activity. The predictive validity of the TLP-AA results for severe periodontitis was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and the periodontitis case definition provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American Academy of Periodontology as the gold standard. Furthermore, multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to predict severe periodontitis using the TLP-AA results and health characteristics, as the exposure variables. Results Severe periodontitis was observed in 5.2% of the participants. TLP-AA had high diagnostic accuracy for severe periodontitis, with an area under the curve of 0.83 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75–0.92). The cut-off score for the a* value that best differentiated individuals with severe periodontitis was 0.09, with a sensitivity of 83% and specificity of 77%. Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that the TLP-AA results were significantly associated with severe periodontitis after adjusting for health characteristics (adjusted odds ratios: 1.90 [95% CI: 1.37–2.62] for the a* value). Conclusions Objectively quantified TLP-AA results are potentially useful for detecting severe periodontitis in epidemiological surveillance.

scholarly journals Genetic evaluation of eggshell color based on additive and dominance models in laying hens

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1217-1223
Author(s):  
Jun Guo ◽  
Kehua Wang ◽  
Liang Qu ◽  
Taocun Dou ◽  
Meng Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Shell Color ◽  
Inbreeding Coefficients ◽  
L Value ◽  
Eggshell Color

Objective: Eggshells with a uniform color and intensity are important for egg production because many consumers assess the quality of an egg according to the shell color. In the present study, we evaluated the influence of dominant effects on the variations in eggshell color after 32 weeks in a crossbred population.Methods: This study was conducted using 7,878 eggshell records from 2,626 hens. Heritability was estimated using a univariate animal model, which included inbreeding coefficients as a fixed effect and animal additive genetic, dominant genetic, and residuals as random effects. Genetic correlations were obtained using a bivariate animal model. The optimal diagnostic criteria identified in this study were: L* value (lightness) using a dominance model, and a* (redness), and b* (yellowness) value using an additive model.Results: The estimated heritabilities were 0.65 for shell lightness, 0.42 for redness, and 0.60 for yellowness. The dominance heritability was 0.23 for lightness. The estimated genetic correlations were 0.61 between lightness and redness, –0.84 between lightness and yellowness, and –0.39 between redness and yellowness.Conclusion: These results indicate that dominant genetic effects could help to explain the phenotypic variance in eggshell color, especially based on data from blue-shelled chickens. Considering the dominant genetic variation identified for shell color, this variation should be employed to produce blue eggs for commercial purposes using a planned mating system.

scholarly journals Implementasi Model Finansial Distres Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar di IDX Tahun 2015-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-74
Author(s):  
Tuti Zakiyah ◽  
Wahyuni Windasari
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Binary Variable ◽  
The Third ◽  
A Value ◽  
Univariate Model ◽  
Score Model

Manufacturing Company is a sample of this study, the dependent variable used in this study is a binary variable, namely whether the company is in financial distress or non-financial distress. Hypothesis testing uses binary logistic regression (Binary Logistic Regression) because the dependent variable is a combination of metric and non-metric (nominal). The model used is the Altman Z-Score model, Springate S-Score, Grover G-Score, Zmijewski X-Score, and univariate models. Of the five models, the best model is the Springate S-Score with a Nagelkerke R2 value of 0.582. the second is, Zmijewski X-Score with a value of 0.227 and the third best is the Univariate Model with a value of 0.042. Of the three best models, namely the Springate S-Score, Zmijewski X-Score and the Univariate Model. The implementation is that the ratios in these models are very important to be considered by companies as a sensitivity tool so that companies do not experience financial distress. ratios that are often used are ratios related to the company's ability to manage and produce net working capital, sales, debt and ability to generate profits from sales and profits from assets.

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