scholarly journals Kultur Bakteri Positif pada Pasien dengan Perforasi Gaster di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta: Sebuah Studi Retrospektif

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Muhammad David Perdana Putra ◽  
Muhammad Singgih Nugraha ◽  
Agus Raharjo
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Gastric Perforation ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Positive Bacterial Culture ◽  
Stomach Acid ◽  
Chemical Peritonitis ◽  
Over 40 Years

<p class="AbstractNormal"><strong>Pendahuluan: </strong>Perforasi gaster mengakibatkan kebocoran asam lambung kedalam rongga perut, sehingga berkembang menjadi peritonitis kimia. Infeksi bakteri dapat menyertai peritonitis dengan mayoritas patogen penyebab infeksi adalah <em>Enterobactericeae Sp.</em>, <em>Stretococcus Sp.</em>,<em> dan</em> <em>Bacteroides Fragilis</em>.<strong> </strong>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil penderita perforasi gaster dengan kultur bakteri positif di RSUD Dr. Moewardi.</p><p class="AbstractNormal"><strong>Metode: </strong>Pasien diobservasi secara retrospektif dari rekam medis pasien yang didiagnosis perforasi gaster dalam kurun waktu 2017 - 2018.</p><p class="AbstractNormal"><strong>Hasil: </strong>Dalam 2017-2018 ditemukan 84 pasien, 13 diantaranya hasil pemeriksaan kultur positif, onset dilakukan operasi lebih dari 12 jam pada 10 pasien (77%) wanita, 3 pasien (23%) Laki-laki. Sembilan pasien (69%) diatas umur 40 th, 4 pasien (31%) dibawah 40 th. Berdasarkan letak perforasi, 1 pasien (8%) di Antrum, 10 pasien (77%) di pylorus dan 2 pasien (15%) di curvatura mayor. Jenis bakteri yang ditemukan <em>Staphilococcus Epidermidis </em>4 pasien (30%), <em>Staphilococcus Haemoliticus</em> 5 pasien (40%) dan <em>Enterobacter chloacae </em>4 pasien (30%).</p><p class="AbstractNormal"><strong>Kesimpulan: </strong>Didapatkan 13 pasien pemeriksaan kultur positif. Tidak ditemukan jenis bakteri yang dominan.</p><p class="Keywords"> </p><div class="WordSection1"><p class="AbstractNormal"><strong>Introduction: </strong>Gastric perforation results in leakage of stomach acid into the abdominal cavity, thus developing into chemical peritonitis. Bacterial infections can accompany peritonitis with the majority of pathogens causing infection are Enterobactericeae sp., Streptococcus sp., and Bacteroides fragilis. This study aims to determine the profile of patients with gastric perforation with positive bacterial culture in Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta.</p><p class="AbstractNormal"><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients were observed retrospectively from the medical records of patients diagnosed with gastric perforation in the period 2017 - 2018.</p><p class="AbstractNormal"><strong>Results: </strong>In 2017-2018 84 patients were found, 13 of them were positive culture results, the onset of surgery was more than 12 hours in 10 patients (77%) female, 3 patients (23%) male. Nine patients (69%) were over 40 years old, 4 patients (31%) were under 40 years old. Based on the perforation location, 1 patient (8%) in antrum, 10 patients (77%) in pylorus and 2 patients (15%) in curvatura major. The types of bacteria found were Staphylococcus epdermidis in 4 patients (30%), Staphylococcus haemoliticus in 5 patients (40%) and Enterobacter chloacae in 4 patients (30%).</p><p class="AbstractNormal"><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There were 13 positive culture examination patients. No dominant bacterial type was found.</p><p class="Keywords"><strong>Keywords:</strong> retrospective, gastric perforation, infection, bacterial culture</p></div><p class="Keywords"><strong><br clear="all" /></strong></p>

scholarly journals Diagnostic value of serum procalcitonin for diagnosis of bacterial infection in patients with chronic kidney disease under hemodialysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e08-e08
Author(s):  
Rasoul Estakhri ◽  
Nava Moghadasian Niaki ◽  
Hamid Noshad ◽  
Mohammad Asghari ◽  
Hojjat Barghi
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Positive Bacterial Culture ◽  
Before And After

Introduction: Bacterial infections are common causes of mortality and morbidity among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients under hemodialysis. Objectives: In this study the diagnostic value of serum procalcitonin for diagnosis of bacterial infections in patients with CKD under hemodialysis was assessed. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional comparative investigation, 47 patients with CKD under hemodialysis were enrolled to the study. We studied the relationship of serum procalcitonin (PTC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (before and after dialysis) with "positive bacterial culture" and "systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)" results. Sensitivity and specificity were determined by ROC test. Results: Serum PTC before and after dialysis as well as the CRP before dialysis had no significant association with positive bacterial culture (P=0.492, P=0.1 and P=0.268 respectively), however after-dialysis CRP had a significant association with positive bacterial culture (P=0.032). Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it may be concluded that the diagnostic value of serum PTC for diagnosis of positive culture bacterial infections in hemodialysis patients is not satisfactory since the serum CRP level especially after dialysis is more useful.

scholarly journals Effect of Weeping Teats on Intramammary Infection and Somatic Cell Score in Dairy Goats

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Gazzola ◽  
Giulietta Minozzi ◽  
Stefano Biffani ◽  
Silvana Mattiello ◽  
Giovanni Bailo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Positive Bacterial Culture

Mastitis is the most common disease affecting dairy goats and causing economic losses. Although it is accepted that increased somatic cell count (SCC) is mainly a response to infection, its reliability for subclinical mastitis detection in goats is controversial. Indeed, many physiological and extrinsic variables can increase SCC, including breed, parity, age, stage of lactation, seasonal variations, and milking methods. In some animals, milk-secreting tissue is present in the wall of the teat and, in some instances, milk can filter through pores in the skin to the udder surface. This condition is known as “weeping teat” (WT). In these animals, mammary tissue might be prone to develop bacterial infections, although limited information is provided. Weeping teat seems to have a genetic background and is reported to be especially found in goat breeds selected for high milk production. Moreover, it is observed a genetic correlation between WT and decreased milk yield as well as increased somatic cell scores (SCS). Since information on this topic is very limited, this study aimed at investigating any possible relationship between WT, high SCC, and the presence of bacteria in goat milk. Alpine goat farms in Northern Italy were selected based on the presence of WT. Each herd was divided into two age-matched groups, identified as case (WT+) and control (WT–). Half-udder milk samples were collected aseptically at three timepoints; bacteriological analysis was performed, and SCC were determined and transformed in SCS. There was a positive association between SCS and the presence of bacteria in milk (P = 0.037) overall, whereas WT udder defect was associated with positive bacterial culture in just one herd (P = 0.053). Thus, this herd was further investigated, repeating the sampling and the analysis on the following year. The positive association between high SCS and the presence of bacteria in milk was then confirmed (P = 0.007), whereas no association with WT condition was found. These results indicate that WT defect is usually unrelated to both the outcome of milk bacterial culture and SCS. As a side outcome, we could confirm the role of bacterial infection in increasing SCS.

scholarly journals 1758. Impact of Accelerate Pheno™ Rapid Blood Culture Detection System on Laboratory and Clinical Outcomes in Bacteremic Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S61-S61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Dare ◽  
Kelsey McCain ◽  
Katherine Lusardi ◽  
Kay Daniels ◽  
Jacob Painter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Historical Cohort ◽  
Stewardship Program

Abstract Background Molecular-based automated systems for the rapid diagnosis of bacterial infections have potential to improve patient care. The Accelerate Pheno™ blood culture detection system (ACCEL) is an FDA approved platform that allows for identification (ID) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) 8 hours following growth in routine culture. Methods This is a single-center retrospective chart review of bacteremic adult inpatients before and after implementation of ACCEL. Laboratory and clinical data were collected February–March 2018 (intervention) and compared with a January–April 2017 historical cohort (standard of care). Standard of care ID and AST were performed using VITEK® MS (MALDI-TOF MS) and VITEK®2, respectively. An active antimicrobial stewardship program was in place during both study periods. Patients with polymicrobial cultures, off-panel isolates, previous positive culture, or who were discharged prior to final AST report were excluded. Primary outcome was length of stay (LOS). Secondary outcomes were inpatient antibiotic duration of therapy (DOT) and time to optimal therapy (TTOT). Nonparametric unadjusted analyses were performed due to non-normal distributions. Statistics were performed using SAS 9.4. Results Of the 143 positive cultures performed on ACCEL during intervention, 118 (83%) were identified as on-panel organisms. Seventy-five (64%) of these 118 cultures and 79 (70%) of 113 reviewed standard of care cultures met inclusion criteria. Patient comorbidities (P = NS), MEWS severity score (P = 0.10), source of bacteremia (P = NS), and pathogen detected (P = 0.30) were similar between cohorts. Time from collection to ID (28.2 ± 12.7 hours vs. 53.8 ± 20.9 hours; P &lt; 0.001) and AST (31.9 ± 11 hours vs. 71.8 ± 20 hours; P &lt; 0.001) were shorter in the intervention arm. Conclusion Compared with standard of care, ACCEL shortens laboratory turn-around-time and improves clinical outcomes. The use of this system has resulted in decreased mean antibiotic DOT, TTOT, and LOS. Further studies are needed to verify these findings. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Partial hepatectomy for treatment of multiple liver abscess in a calf: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reiichiro Sato ◽  
Kazutaka Yamada ◽  
Taiki Yokoyama ◽  
Koki Tanimoto ◽  
Shoko Takeuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Partial Hepatectomy ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Left Liver Lobe ◽  
Vessel Sealing ◽  
Liver Abscesses ◽  
Sealing Device

Abstract Background Umbilical vein bacterial infections may cause liver abscesses during bacterial ascent. A single liver abscess can be surgically treated by marsupialization, but a risk of recurrence or non-healing remains. Moreover, there is no effective treatment for multiple abscesses. Case presentation A 17-day-old Holstein female calf exhibited reduced general condition, swelling and drainage of the umbilicus, and pressure sores in the area of the carpus, resulting in reluctance to stand up. The umbilicus showed pain at palpation; deep abdominal palpation indicated a swollen umbilical vein coursing from the umbilicus toward the liver. Ultrasonography confirmed a swollen umbilical vein with pus accumulation and multiple abscesses in the liver. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) examination confirmed that the swollen umbilical vein with fluid continued to the liver, and multiple unenhanced lesions, most likely abscesses, were confirmed in the liver. Partial hepatectomy was performed to remove as many abscesses as possible. For the resection, a vessel sealing device (LigaSureTM) was used to excise a part of the left liver lobe. As we could not remove all the abscesses in the liver during the operation, cefazolin sodium (5 mg/kg) was administered for 14 days after surgery. Post-operatively, blood accumulation was observed in the abdominal cavity, but no signs of peritonitis were found. The calf returned to the farm on day 38 after surgery. Follow-up information was obtained after 1 year, and complications were not reported. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first report of partial hepatectomy using a vessel sealing device for a calf with multiple liver abscesses. This case report suggests that the combination of partial hepatectomy and long-term administration of antibacterial drugs may restore the health of calves with multiple liver abscesses.

Not just vegetations: focal myocardial changes in patients with fungal infections

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Cresalia ◽  
Sonal T. Owens ◽  
Terri L. Stillwell ◽  
Mark D. Norris ◽  
Sunkyung Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Fungal Endocarditis ◽  
Catheter Tip

Abstract Background: Fungal endocarditis classically involves dense heterogenous vegetations. However, several patients with fungal infections were noted to have myocardial changes ranging from focal brightening to nodular thickening of chordae or papillary muscles. This study evaluates whether these findings are associated with fungal infections. Methods: In a retrospective case–control study, paediatric inpatients with fungal infections (positive blood, urine, or catheter tip culture) in a 5-year period were matched 1:1 to inpatients without positive fungal cultures. Echocardiograms were scored on a 5-point scale by two independent readers for presence of myocardial brightenings, nodular thickenings, and vegetations. Clinical data were compared. Results: Of 67 fungal cases, positive culture sites included blood (n = 44), vascular catheter tip (n = 7), and urine (n = 29); several had multiple positive sites. “Positive” echo findings (score ≥ 2+) were more frequent in the Fungal Group (33 versus 18%, p = 0.04). Fungal Group patients with “positive” versus “negative” echo findings had similar proportion of bacterial infections. Among fungal cases, those with “positive” echo findings had longer hospital length of stay than cases with “negative” echos (median 58 versus 40 days, p = 0.03) but no difference in intensive care unit admission, extracorporeal membranous oxygenation support, or mortality. Conclusions: Myocardial and papillary muscle brightening with nodular thickening on echocardiogram appear to be associated with fungal infections. There may be prognostic implications of these findings as patients with “positive” echo have longer length of stay. Further studies are needed to better understand the mechanism and temporal progression of these changes and determine the prognostic value of this scoring system.

Etiology of Pertussis Syndrome

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Margaret A. Keller ◽  
Rouben Aftandelians ◽  
James D. Connor
Keyword(s):  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Index Case ◽  
Family Group ◽  
Isolation Rate ◽  
Bordetella Parapertussis ◽  
Positive Bacterial Culture ◽  
Serologic Evidence ◽  
Family Contact ◽  
Culture Negative

One hundred patients with clinical pertussis were studied to determine the etiology of pertussis syndrome. Forty-two (42%) of the patients had either Bordetella pertussis or Bordetella parapertussis isolated from the nasopharynx. In an additional 36 (36%) patients, B pertussis was isolated from the nasopharynx of the associated index case or family contact case. Thus, Bordetella was isolated from 78 (78%) of the patients or from their immediate family group. Of the 22 culture-negative patients residing in culture-negative families, 12 had serologic evidence of Bordetella infection and another was from a family group in which two members were seropositive. Therefore, 91 patients (91%) had bacteriologic or serologic evidence of Bordetella infection themselves or within their families. Viral cultures were obtained on 75 of the patients. Adenoviruses were isolated from 33% of those with positive cultures for B pertussis and from 14% of those with negative cultures. In the group without direct or indirect, bacteriologic or serologic evidence of Bordetella infection, the adenoviral isolation rate (13%) was not significantly different from the adenoviral isolation rate (33%) in patients with a positive bacterial culture. These data do not support a role for adenovirus alone in causing pertussis syndrome.

Mitigating the risk of transfusion-transmitted bacterial infections in hematology oncology patients.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e19047-e19047
Author(s):  
Harold Alvarez ◽  
Marion Lanteri ◽  
Guenther Koehne
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Transfusion Reactions

e19047 Background: Hospital acquired infections create major logistical, financial, and patient safety concerns within the healthcare system. Bacterial contamination (BC) of platelet components (PCs) can lead to transfusion-transmitted bacterial infections (TTBI), central line-associated bloodstream infections, and sepsis, with long-term complications and/or death. In the US, hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients require transfusion support until engraftment and together with hematology/oncology (hemonc.) patients receive the highest number of PCs/patient. FDA’s Guidance recommends approaches to reduce BC risk including the use of enhanced bacterial culture screening (EBSC) or pathogen reduction (PR) of platelets. Methods: The Miami Cancer Institute (MCI) implemented PR-PCs for all allogeneic HSCT patients. Irradiation, CMV testing, and bacterial screening have been discontinued for PR-PCs. Transfusion outcomes are being monitored using active hemovigilance (HV) reporting. Results: Considering the fatality risk associated with BC of PCs (1:200,000 – 1:1,000,000) despite the use of optimal skin cleansing, initial sample diversion, and primary bacterial culture, 1/2,880 PCs are still contaminated (Bloch et al.); further steps towards BC mitigation are needed. As the UK and US reported a residual BC risk of 5.4-9.4/million PCs after implementation of EBSC, PR may represent an alternative approach with other cumulative benefits. Indeed, national HV data from France, Switzerland and Belgium reported no sepsis transfusion reactions since PR implementation (Benjamin et al.). In addition, the risk of TA-GVHD and other TTI including emerging infectious diseases (EID) may be decreased after the inactivation of pathogens and leukocytes (Lanteri et al.). At MCI, the percentage of transfused PR-PCs has been increasing steadily from 7.9% in July 2019 to 22.2% in January 2021. Over a 19 month-period, a total of 9,296 PC were transfused including 1,677 PR-PCs. While non-PR-PCs were all irradiated and bacterially screened, PR-PC were neither irradiated nor bacterially screened. No cases of TA-GVHD or TTI were reported. A total of 27 mild, non-life-threatening platelet transfusion reactions were reported including 22 (81.5%) after non-PR PCs transfusion and 5 (18.5%) after PR-PC transfusion. In addition, the early release of transfusion-ready fresh PR-PCs 24-48 hours after collection has proven invaluable in providing clinicians and patients with blood continuity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: Though certain measures have improved blood safety, the risk of TTI associated with PC transfusion remains a concern for vulnerable hemonc. patients. Using PR-PC is especially important to consider when patients undergo extensive life-saving therapies such as bone marrow transplants.

The Effects of Recombinant Human Granulocyte–Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Gel on Third-Degree Frostbite Wounds in Northeastern China: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu-Hang Zhang ◽  
Chang-Lei Cui ◽  
Hao-Yue Zhu ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Yan Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Positive Bacterial Culture ◽  
Better Than

Abstract The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of the rhGM-CSF gel on third-degree frostbite wounds. Sixty-two patients who had suffered third-degree frostbite on their hand or foot (91 wounds in total) were selected using a convenience sampling method and randomly allocated to two groups: the rhGM-CSF group(31patients,45 frostbite wounds) received the rhGM-CSF gel when wound dressing change daily; however, the control group (31patients, 46 frostbite wounds) received aloe glue. The wound healing time, the score of inflammation about the wound and the positive bacterial culture of wound secretions were used to measure outcomes, respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS (25.0), Student’s t test or Mann–Whitney U test and chi-square test or Fisher exact test were selected, as appropriate. The healing time of the rhGM-CSF group was (12.2 ± 5.0) days, which was significantly shorter than that of the control group (15.5 ± 4.7) days (P &lt; .0001). The rhGM-CSF group’s wound inflammation scores on the 7th and 14th day of treatment were (0.96 ± 0.21) and (1.88 ± 0.29), respectively, which were better than those of the control group (1.12 ± 0.24) and (1.38 ± 0.15) (both P &lt; .0001). The positive bacterial culture of wound secretions in the rhGM-CSF group was also better than that in the control group on the 3rd, 7th, and 14th day after treatment (P = .027, .004, .030, respectively). According to the results, using rhGM-CSF gel considerably increases the speed of frostbite wounds healing, and have an effect on protecting third-degree frostbite wounds regarding the positive effects. Trial Registration: This trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Register, ChiCTR1900021299.

Silent chorioamnionitis and associated pregnancy outcomes: a review of clinical data gathered over a 16-year period

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Boldizsár Horvath ◽  
Ferenc Lakatos ◽  
Csaba Tóth ◽  
Tamás Bödecs ◽  
József Bódis
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Amniotic Cavity ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Cesarean Deliveries ◽  
Histological Results

AbstractTo assess neonatal outcomes and associated findings in pregnant women identified after delivery as having had underlying subclinical chorioamnionitis by either histology or bacterial culture.In 16 years, 8974 clinical, histological, and bacterial culture data were obtained retrospectively.Placental histology was analyzed in 4237 pregnancies (2785 term and 1452 preterm) and 4737 amniotic cavity cultures were obtained during 5446 cesarean deliveries (3268 term and 1469 preterm). Histological results and bacterial cultures were both available in 1270 of the preterm deliveries. Histology revealed inflammation, suggestive of infection, in 13.6% of placentas. Subclinical acute chorioamnionic inflammation was confirmed in 142 out of 2785 term pregnancies (5.1%) and in 436 out of 1452 preterm pregnancies (30.0%, P<0.001). Bacteriological culture of the intrauterine cavity was obtained from the lower uterine segment of the uterus during cesarean section. A positive culture was found in 19.9% of all cases (941/4737), this proportion was significantly higher in preterm deliveries (343/1273, 26.9%) than in term (17.3%, P<0.001). The lower the birth-weight or gestational age, the higher the frequency of silent infections in the uterine cavity.Our study findings support the association between intra-amniotic infections and preterm delivery.

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