scholarly journals Red seaweed (Asparagopsis taxiformis) supplementation reduces enteric methane by over 80 percent in beef steers

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247820
Author(s):  
Breanna M. Roque ◽  
Marielena Venegas ◽  
Robert D. Kinley ◽  
Rocky de Nys ◽  
Toni L. Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Red Macroalgae ◽  
Asparagopsis Taxiformis ◽  
Enteric Methane

The red macroalgae (seaweed) Asparagopsis spp. has shown to reduce ruminant enteric methane (CH4) production up to 99% in vitro. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Asparagopsis taxiformis on CH4 production (g/day per animal), yield (g CH4/kg dry matter intake (DMI)), and intensity (g CH4/kg ADG); average daily gain (ADG; kg gain/day), feed conversion efficiency (FCE; kg ADG/kg DMI), and carcass and meat quality in growing beef steers. Twenty-one Angus-Hereford beef steers were randomly allocated to one of three treatment groups: 0% (Control), 0.25% (Low), and 0.5% (High) A. taxiformis inclusion based on organic matter intake. Steers were fed 3 diets: high, medium, and low forage total mixed ration (TMR) representing life-stage diets of growing beef steers. The Low and High treatments over 147 days reduced enteric CH4 yield 45 and 68%, respectively. However, there was an interaction between TMR type and the magnitude of CH4 yield reduction. Supplementing low forage TMR reduced CH4 yield 69.8% (P <0.01) for Low and 80% (P <0.01) for High treatments. Hydrogen (H2) yield (g H2/DMI) increased (P <0.01) 336 and 590% compared to Control for the Low and High treatments, respectively. Carbon dioxide (CO2) yield (g CO2/DMI) increased 13.7% between Control and High treatments (P = 0.03). No differences were found in ADG, carcass quality, strip loin proximate analysis and shear force, or consumer taste preferences. DMI tended to decrease 8% (P = 0.08) in the Low treatment and DMI decreased 14% (P <0.01) in the High treatment. Conversely, FCE tended to increase 7% in Low (P = 0.06) and increased 14% in High (P <0.01) treatment compared to Control. The persistent reduction of CH4 by A. taxiformis supplementation suggests that this is a viable feed additive to significantly decrease the carbon footprint of ruminant livestock and potentially increase production efficiency.

scholarly journals Red seaweed (Asparagopsis taxiformis) supplementation reduces enteric methane by over 80 percent in beef steers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.M. Roque ◽  
M. Venegas ◽  
R. Kinley ◽  
R. deNys ◽  
T. L. Neoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Red Macroalgae ◽  
Asparagopsis Taxiformis ◽  
Enteric Methane

AbstractThe red macroalgae (seaweed) Asparagopsis spp. has shown to reduce ruminant enteric methane (CH4) production up to 99% in vitro. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Asparagopsis taxiformis on CH4 production (g/day per animal), CH4 yield (g CH4/kg dry matter intake (DMI)), average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion efficiency (FCE), and carcass and meat quality in growing beef steers. Twenty-one Angus-Hereford beef steers were randomly allocated to one of three treatment groups: 0% (Control), 0.25% (Low Dose; LD), and 0.5% (High Dose; HD) A. taxiformis inclusion based on organic matter intake. Steers were fed 3 diets: high, medium, and low forage total mixed ration (TMR) representing typical life-stage diets of growing beef steers. The LD and HD treatments over 147 days reduced enteric CH4 yield 45 and 68%, respectively; however, there was an interaction between TMR type and the magnitude of CH4 yield reduction. Supplementing the low forage TMR reduced CH4 yield 69.8% (P <0.001) for LD and 80% (P <0.001) for HD treatment. Hydrogen (H2) yield (g H2/DMI) increased significantly (P<0.001) 336 and 590% compared to Control for the LD and HD treatments, respectively. No differences were found in carbon dioxide (CO2) yield (g CO2/DMI), ADG, carcass quality, strip loin proximate analysis and shear force, or consumer taste preferences. DMI tended (P = 0.08) to decrease 8% in steers in LD treatment but significantly (P = 0.002) reduced 14% in steers in HD treatment. Conversely, FCE tended to increase 7% in steers in LD treatment (P = 0.06) and increased 14% in steers in HD (P < 0.01) treatment compared to Control. The persistent reduction of CH4 by A. taxiformis supplementation suggests that this is a viable feed additive to significantly decrease the carbon footprint of ruminant livestock and potentially increase production efficiency.

scholarly journals The efficacy of the probiotic feed additive Calsporin® (Bacillus subtilis C-3102) in broilers: combined analysis of four different studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Marubashi ◽  
M. I. Gracia ◽  
E. Esteve-Garcia ◽  
M. Piskoríková
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Inclusion Rate

SummaryThe efficacy of the probiotic feed additive, Calsporin® (CAL; Bacillus subtilis C-3102), included in broiler diets at 50 mg/kg was evaluated using statistical meta-analysis of data from four different studies conducted using broilers from day-old to market weight at 42 days of age. The body weight, average daily gain, feed intake, feed to gain ratio, mortality and European Production Efficiency Factor (EPEF) data from each experiment were tested for homogeneity between trials before being pooled and analysed in combination to determine whether benefits were consistent independent of trial site and conditions. CAL supplementation significantly improved weight gain (P = 0.0037) between 1 and 21 days of age (3.3%) and feed conversion ratio (P = 0.0492) between 22 and 42 days of age (3.0%). Over the entire experimental period (day 1 to day 42 of age), broilers fed the CAL diets had significantly better (P = 0.0142) feed conversion (2.6%) and higher (P = 0.0062) EPEF (4.6%) compared to the controls. Birds fed diets supplemented with CAL were 1.6% heavier than controls at 42 days of age, a near-significant trend (P = 0.0558). The results demonstrated that CAL in broiler diets, added at an inclusion rate of 50 mg/kg, can be beneficial in terms of broiler performance.

scholarly journals Turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) as a phytogenic growth promoter alternative for antibiotic and comparable to mannan oligosaccharides for broiler chicks

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssef A. Attia ◽  
Mohammed A. Al-Harthi ◽  
Saber S. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
European Production

This work aimed at investigating the potential as a growth enhancer of different dietary concentrations of turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) as an alternative to oxytetracyline and antibiotics and as comparable to mannan oligosaccharide for broiler chicks. A total of 252 Hubbard broiler chicks at one day of age were distributed randomly in a straight run experimental design among six treatments, each replicated seven times, with six unsexed chicks per replicate. The basal diet was administered without supplements (control group) or supplemented with turmeric at 0.5, 1, and 2 g/kg diet, or with mannan oligosacride (MOS) at 1 g/kg feed or with oxytetracycline (OTC) at 50 mg/kg feed. Growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality traits, blood biochemical constituents, antioxidant status and red blood cell (RBCs) were investigated. Turmeric supplementation at 1 g/kg feed significantly improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) and European production index compared to the control group and MOS groups. The results indicated that turmeric can be used at 1 kg/t feed as a phytogenic feed additive as an alternative to OTC or MOS without negative effects on the productive and economic traits of broilers. There were no differences from using OTC and MOS, while there was an increase in the European production efficiency index and the broilers’ health status.

scholarly journals Ranking of Four Types Fodder as Sole Diet Considering Biological Characteristics and Growth of Local Growing Bulls

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Khan Shahidul Huque ◽  
Biplob Kumer Roy ◽  
Nazmul Huda
Keyword(s):  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Arithmetic Average ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Daily Gain

Aims: In this experiment, evaluation of intake, digestibility and growth performances of local growing bulls by feeding Jumbo-green, Para and German grass based on Index (Mf) of Maize are considered and ranked this fodder accordingly. Study Design:  Completely randomized block design. Place and Duration of Study: Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka, between July 2016 and September 2016. Methodology: Biomass production efficiency (Xddm), animal production efficiency (Xap), CH4 emission deduction efficiency (XCH4) and benefit to cost efficiency (Xbc) was considered to identify the biological characteristics of four fodders. Statistical analysis was done through SPSS-17 to evaluate the intake, digestibility and growth of animal. Rank of each fodder was calculated through the equation of Maize index (Mi) = (Xddm + Xap + XCH4 + Xbc)/4. Results: Aggregation of four arithmetic average efficiency; Jumbo-green, Para and German got 0.42, 0.40 and 0.72 point out of 1.0 point of Mi, respectively. Among four fodders German grass performed best in terms of average daily gain (107 gm/d) and feed conversion ratio (46.9) compared to maize silage (64 gm/d & 58.4, respectively). Weight loss of bulls fed Jumbo and Para has occurred unexpectedly. Conclusion: In combination of mathematical calculation and statistical evaluation, the rank of four fodders measured as Maize>German>Jumbo-green>Para.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF ARSIL FEED ADDITIVE ON HEMATOLOGICAL INDICES, PRODUCTIVITY AND STRUCTURE OF INTERNAL ORGANS BROILER CHICKENS

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
M. I. Zhyla ◽  
G. M. Mykhalus ◽  
O. A. Maksymovych ◽  
O. V. Lapin ◽  
O. V. Mykhalyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Hematological Indices ◽  
Group I

Poultry farming using modern technologies requires the employment of veterinary preparation for the prevention of infectious diseases and also feed additives for the improvement of metabolic functions and correction of body resistance. The article presents the results of clinical trials of feed additives in the form of an ionic solution concentrate of the biologically active nanosilicon "Arsil". The clinical study was performed on healthy ten-day-old broiler chicken, cross "Cobb-500", organized into three groups of 20 heads each: Group I received a feed additive at a dose of 0.5 ml per 1 liter of water, group II – at a dose of 1.0 ml per 1 liter of water and group III was the control group (on a regular diet, without feed additives). The use of the studied feed additive was carried out by watering with water for 30 days. Poultry of all groups were fed with identical feeds in accordance with regulatory requirements taking into account the age of the bird. The clinical condition of the bird was monitored daily, control weightings were performed once a week and blood samples were taken for laboratory tests on days 15 and 35 of the experiment. At the end of the experiment, a diagnostic slaughter of birds of all groups and a complete pathological autopsy with selection of material for histological examination were performed. Studies have shown that the use of the feed additive "Arsil" contributed to weight gain and average daily gain, improved the feed conversion and the tendency for the growth of the concentration of hemoglobin, hematocrit and erythrocytes in broiler chicken from the experimental groups compared with the control group at the end of fattening. The structure of the internal organs of birds of all studied groups is preserved, macroscopic changes in organs and tissues are not detected. An increase in the coefficients of mass of immune-competent organs in broiler chicken fed the feed additive "Arsil" compared with the control group was found.

scholarly journals Performance, water intake, carcass characteristics and intestinal histomorphology of broilers supplemented with phytase

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 734-742
Author(s):  
L. Van Emmenes ◽  
E. Pieterse ◽  
L.C. Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feed Conversion

A 32-day experiment was conducted to study the effects of supplementation of phytase enzyme, Ronozyme® HiPhos (DSM Nutritional Products, Basel, Switzerland), on the production parameters, water intake, intestinal histomorphology, carcass characteristics and bone mineralization of broiler chickens. A total of 1920 one-day-old Cobb 500 broilers were randomly allocated to one of three treatments, each comprising eight replicate cages (eight replications per treatment) with 80 birds per cage. Dietary treatments were created using a standard commercial diet as the positive control (CON); reducing the nutrient content of the CON diet with values similar to the matrix values of 1500 FYT (phytase units) Ronozyme® HiPhos to create the negative control diet (NEG); and supplementing the NEG diet with 1500 FYT/kg Ronozyme HiPhos to create the phytase diet (HiPhos). Supplementation of the NEG diet with HiPhos significantly improved average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), bodyweight (BW) at slaughter and the European production efficiency factor (EPEF) of broilers compared with those in the NEG treatment group, but had no effect on total feed intake, water intake, villi height, crypt depth, dressing percentage, portion yields, pH of the meat or colour of the meat. Fat-free bone ash percentage and tibia breaking strength of broilers in the HiPhos treatment group were intermediate to broilers in the NEG and CON treatment groups. Results from the study proved that broilers could be supplemented with HiPhos phytase without detrimental effects on growth parameters, bone mineralization, carcass characteristics and water intake.Keywords: Bone breaking strength, chickens, phosphorus, villus height, weight gain

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF EFFICIENCY OF APPLICATION OF FEED ADDITIVE ON BROILER CHICKENS

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
T. R. Levytskyі
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Experimental Group

A study of the effectiveness of the use of feed additive Liaform in relation to its effect on the growth and development of broiler chickens. For research, 2 groups of broiler chickens of 55 heads (control and experimental) from 8 days of age were formed on the principle of analogues. Feeding of the control group was carried out with standard complete feed. Feeding of the experimental group was carried out with standard complete feed, in which the feed additive Liaform was added at the rate of 2 g / kg. During the experiment, the general condition of the bird, the safety of the bird, zootechnical and hematological parameters were monitored. It is established that the studied feed additive has a positive effect on the productivity of broiler chickens, improves feed absorption. As a result of the use of feed additive Liaform live weight of broiler chickens in the experimental group was 4.3 % higher compared to the control. The average daily gain of chickens in the experimental group exceeded this figure of chickens in the control group by 4,1 %. The use of feed additives helped to increase feed conversion. The use of Liaform feed increased the protein level in poultry meat

scholarly journals Data Driven Enhancements to the Intestinal Integrity (I2) Index: A Novel Approach to Support Poultry Sustainability

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Alexandra L. Swirski ◽  
Hind Kasab-Bachi ◽  
Jocelyn Rivers ◽  
Jeffrey B. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Intestinal Integrity ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Comprehensive Health ◽  
And Performance

Background: Optimizing the intestinal integrity of poultry flocks through a comprehensive index measure, such as the intestinal integrity (I2) index, could help to promote sustainable production in the poultry industry. The I2 index is a tool for assessing the intestinal health of flocks based on flock level health and performance data, captured by Elanco Animal Health’s global surveillance system, i.e., the Health Tracking System (HTSi). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the relationships between the proposed I2 index and each of the following four performance parameters: average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), European production efficiency factor (EPEF), and percent livability; and compare the ability of the proposed I2 index to predict these performance parameters with the current I2 index. Results: The proposed I2 index was found to produce a greater range and increased variation in flock level I2 index scores as compared with the current I2 index. The proposed I2 index was found to predict the four performance measures at least as well as the current I2 index, and the results suggested that the proposed I2 index could be superior at predicting ADG, EPEF, and percent livability. Conclusion: Our results highlight the strength of data-driven approaches in the development and improvement of comprehensive health metrics.

scholarly journals PSVI-17 The organic feed additive Calica+ improves growth performance and shows anticoccidial effects in broilers

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 201-201
Author(s):  
Yan Martel-Kennes ◽  
Caroline Decaux ◽  
Carl Julien
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Eimeria Species ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell Liquid ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Cashew Nut

Abstract Development of natural alternatives to drugs is necessary for the poultry industry not only for organic production, but also for limiting drug resistance and for complying with upcoming regulations. Two pen trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of Calica+, an activated vegetal oil from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), on broiler performance and on coccidiosis in different conditions. The first trial was conducted in Eimeria vaccination conditions with commercial Coccivac-B52. The second one was realized in Eimeria challenge conditions, induced by an oral administration of 200,000 sporulated oocysts of mixed Eimeria species harvested from field isolates. In Eimeria vaccination conditions trial, Calica+ improved average daily gain (ADG) (+4.5%, P &lt; 0.05) during the overall growing period and decreased levels of oocysts per gram of feces (OPG) (−44.1%, P &lt; 0.05), at Eimeria excretion peak (days 17–20), compared to untreated broilers. However, no significant effect of Calica+ on Eimeria intestinal lesions was observed. Overall ADG in Calica+-treated birds was not significantly different compared to nicarbazin-monensin anticoccidial medication (P = 0.8362) but showed higher feed conversion ratio (FCR; +6.0%, P &lt; 0.05). In Eimeria challenge conditions trial, Calica+ feeding treatment improved ADG after infection, during the period from d20 to d36 of age (+4.4%, P &lt; 0.05) compared to untreated birds. Compared with nicarbazin-monensin medication, Calica+-treated birds showed higher FCR (+3.5%, P &lt; 0.05), but comparable ADG (P = 0.3145). Interestingly, birds fed the treatment with Calica+ showed a trend of increased plasmatic levels of IL-1ß compared to untreated broilers (+25.6%, P = 0.0676), suggesting an immune activation as a potential mechanism of action for Calica+. In summary, Calica+ showed beneficial growth performance and anticoccidial effects in these two different trial conditions. This feed additive could be involved in a strategy to reduce the use of anticoccidial medication in broiler production.

The red macroalgae Asparagopsis taxiformis is a potent natural antimethanogenic that reduces methane production during in vitro fermentation with rumen fluid

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Kinley ◽  
Rocky de Nys ◽  
Matthew J. Vucko ◽  
Lorenna Machado ◽  
Nigel W. Tomkins
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation ◽  
Red Macroalgae ◽  
Asparagopsis Taxiformis ◽  
Enteric Methane ◽  
Dose Levels

Livestock feed modification is a viable method for reducing methane emissions from ruminant livestock. Ruminant enteric methane is responsible approximately to 10% of greenhouse gas emissions in Australia. Some species of macroalgae have antimethanogenic activity on in vitro fermentation. This study used in vitro fermentation with rumen inoculum to characterise increasing inclusion rates of the red macroalga Asparagopsis taxiformis on enteric methane production and digestive efficiency throughout 72-h fermentations. At dose levels ≤1% of substrate organic matter there was minimal effect on gas and methane production. However, inclusion ≥2% reduced gas and eliminated methane production in the fermentations indicating a minimum inhibitory dose level. There was no negative impact on substrate digestibility for macroalgae inclusion ≤5%, however, a significant reduction was observed with 10% inclusion. Total volatile fatty acids were not significantly affected with 2% inclusion and the acetate levels were reduced in favour of increased propionate and, to a lesser extent, butyrate which increased linearly with increasing dose levels. A barrier to commercialisation of Asparagopsis is the mass production of this specific macroalgal biomass at a scale to provide supplementation to livestock. Another area requiring characterisation is the most appropriate method for processing (dehydration) and feeding to livestock in systems with variable feed quality and content. The in vitro assessment method used here clearly demonstrated that Asparagopsis can inhibit methanogenesis at very low inclusion levels whereas the effect in vivo has yet to be confirmed.

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