scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the innovation system of Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ainur Shakenova
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Result ◽  
Transition Economy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Economies In Transition ◽  
World Economic

In the modern world, economic growth is closely linked to the development of innovation. Today, to become an economically developed country, it is necessary to invest in innovation and improve factors that have a direct impact on innovation activity. However, the significant problem in innovation is the gap among the industrialized countries, countries with economies in transition, and developing countries. This study focuses on a country with a transition economy – Kazakhstan, and its ability to make an innovation breakthrough. In search of the indicators influencing innovation activity in Kazakhstan, we drew on the methodology of the European Innovation Scoreboard. Through data harmonization, we found Kazakh indicators and compared them with European indicators. This empirical result allows us to draw conclusions on the importance of human resources in science, and of fast-growing enterprises with innovation activity. The growth in R&D expenditure also positively affected Kazakh innovation in line with world practice. In this way, the quality improvement of some key factors is positively affecting the growth of many innovative indicators in Kazakhstan. The contribution of this empirical result allowed us to compare Kazakhstan with European Union countries through the European system of innovation estimation.

scholarly journals MEGATRENDS OF DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBAL INNOVATION NETWORKS

2018 ◽  
pp. 93-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Rylach
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Innovation Networks ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
Global Innovation

Under the megatrend, we mean large-scale technological, economic, social, political changes that occur slowly, but in the long run, when they are rooted, they substantially and permanently affect most of the processes in society. Such relative stability in the trajectory of the main forces of change can predict some elements of medium and long-term future changes. The article investigates such megatrends of the development of global innovation networks as the structural nature of the global innovation system, the development of systemic interconnections in the field of innovation, the interaction of national innovation systems and global, the internationalization of innovation activity, and the paradigm of "open innovation". The methodological principles and structural elements of the concept of the national innovation system are determined in the paper, the connection of national innovation systems with the phenomenon of internationalization of the innovation sphere is explored. The theoretical principles of the phenomenon of internationalization of innovation activity are investigated, as well as the preconditions for the emergence of the concept of "open innovation" and its current trends have been established. The concept of open innovation is an important precondition for the emergence and functioning of global innovation networks. The paper analyzes the genesis and specificity of the phenomenon of global innovation networks, outlines their structure and dynamics. It has been determined that global innovation networks play an important role in the development of the modern world economy, as they stimulate international cooperation in the innovation sphere, transfer of knowledge to the world economy and general scientific and technological development and growth of world production.

Russian National Innovation System under Conditions of the "New Economy"

2003 ◽  
pp. 26-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Gokhberg
Keyword(s):  
Growth Analysis ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
New Economy ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Technology Commercialization ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Innovation Sector ◽  
Stimulation Of

The paper focuses on modernization of the Russian national innovation system under conditions of the emerging "new economy", determined by transformation of innovations, information technology and education into key factors of economic growth. Analysis of specifics of the S&T and innovation sector is provided from the viewpoint of its consistence with the requirements of the economy and society. Potential measures of its reforming are formulated, e.g. required institutional changes, reorganization of the public budget system, stimulation of technology commercialization and innovation activity.

scholarly journals Important institutions-innovators of economic transformations

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-61
Author(s):  
V. Soliar ◽  
L. Radchenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Institutional Infrastructure ◽  
Development Institutions

The leading and modern types of innovation structures in the economy are considered in this paper. The development of integration processes between the structures contributes to the formation of full-fledged, effectively functioning national innovation model of the economy. Their selection is based on the characteristic feature of modern world economic development − the transition of leading countries to a new stage in the of innovative society formation, building the economy based primarily on the generation, dissemination and use of knowledge. Ukraine's place in the world innovation processes does not correspond to the existing business innovation and intellectual potential in the country. Therefore, it is noted that the development of relationships between the elements of the innovation system will accelerate the innovative ideas introduction into the economy and increase the innovation coverage in various sectors of the economy. It is substantiated that the basis of innovation-integrated structures functioning at the present stage of economic development is a coordinated system of production-technological, intellectual, communication and financial relations between all its participants. Based on the analysis of foreign experience in the formation of development institutions in the diverse institutional environment, and taking into account the specifics of the innovation system in Ukraine, possible successful version of interaction of its main participants: government, industry and academia, intermediate financial and nonfinancial institutions is proposed. The approaches to the organization of innovation activity with the participation of the innovation cluster and the innovation ecosystem, which are typical for the developed foreign countries in this direction, are indicated. Due to this, it is possible to obtain the following positive effects: increase of investment attractiveness; accelerated development of the innovative sector of the economy; growth of enterprises productivity; ensuring the development of business and institutional infrastructure; small and medium business development; job creation and employment growth; improvement of the population life quality and the international economy competitiveness.

scholarly journals Innovative process as an object of management

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
M. Chechelashvili ◽  
Z. Chkhaidze
Keyword(s):  
Transition Economy ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Time

The article explores the term "innovation", for which the authors use modern approaches to its understanding. According author’s mind, In the world economic literature, “innovation” is interpreted as the transformation of potential scientific and technological progress into real, embodied in new products and technologies. The issue of innovations in our country has traditionally been developed in the framework of economic research of scientific and technical progress. The term “innovation” has been actively used in the transition economy of Georgia, both independently and to denote a number of related concepts: innovation activity, innovation process, innovation solution, etc. To clarify the concept of innovation, we consider different views on its essence. After giving their own definition of the term, the authors proceed to the classification of innovations and note that their diversity and heterogeneity require some kind of work. According to the classification of the authors of the study, innovations are divided according to innovative potential, technological parameters, content, place in the enterprise, causes, nature of the needs being satisfied, degree of territorial novelty. The authors think that the innovation process as an object of management is much more complex than a routine production process. Any business performed by a person or an organization for the first time is nothing more than an innovation process (table), which causes a lot of difficulties and mistakes, requires alterations and adjustments. Routine processes, on the contrary, are repeated regularly, which leads to specialization and automation of personnel knowledge and skills, reduction of errors in the technological process, and development of a clear and effective algorithm of actions. In the process of research, the authors compiled a comparative description of the innovation and production processes and gave the concept, structure, content of the work of innovation processes at its main stages. In conclusion, the authors note that as F. Kotler notes, the development of a new product is most effective in those cases where from the very beginning there is close cooperation between the research and development department and the technical, manufacturing, marketing and financial departments of the company.

Peculiarities of Modern Dynamics of the Global Economy

2010 ◽  
pp. 78-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Klinov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Business Cycles ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Long Waves ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Business Taxation ◽  
Modern World ◽  
China And India ◽  
World Economic

Rates and factors of modern world economic growth and the consequences of rapid expansion of the economies of China and India are analyzed in the article. Modification of business cycles and long waves of economic development are evaluated. The need of reforming business taxation is demonstrated.

Secular stagnation in the modern world

2018 ◽  
pp. 125-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Drobyshevsky ◽  
P. V. Trunin ◽  
A. V. Bozhechkova
Keyword(s):  
Public Debt ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Japanese Economy ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Destruction Process ◽  
Secular Stagnation ◽  
The Impact

The paper studies the factors of secular stagnation. Key factors of long-term slowdown in economic growth include the slowdown of technological development, aging population, human capital accumulation limits, high public debt, creative destruction process violation etc. The authors analyze key theoretical aspects of long-term stagnation and study the impact of these factors on Japanies economy. The authors conclude that most of the factors have significant influence on the Japanese economy for recent decades, but they cannot explain all dynamics. For Russia, on the contrary, we do not see any grounds for considering the decline in the economy since 2013 as an episode of secular stagnation.

Principles of Evolutionary Modernization of Transition Economies

2009 ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Rustamov
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
Transition Economy ◽  
World Economic Forum ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Beneficial Use ◽  
Strategic Issues ◽  
The World ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
World Economic

The article considers strategic issues of modernization of the transition economy. The analysis is based on the methodology of the World Economic Forum where special attention is paid to the sequence of the transformation stages. The main conclusion is that modernization should combine implementation of the governance mechanisms with the beneficial use of comparative advantages of the national culture. In fact, modernization of the transition economy should be evolutionary. It is precisely this course of development that is relevant for Azerbaijan which has successfully upgraded its economy in the recent years.

RESEARCH ON INVESTMENT AND INNOVATION ACTIVITY IN UKRAINE: TRENDS AND PROBLEMS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 5-73
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Ivanovich Bogdanenko
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intellectual Potential ◽  
Innovation Processes

In the monograph the theoretical identification of concepts and categorical series of state regulation of investment-innovation processes are investigated; the directions of optimization of the state policy of innovation and investment development management in Ukraine are determined; the organizational and legal principles of the state regulation of development of intellectual potential of the population are substantiated; the areas of development and improvement of the national innovation system as an object of state policy are highlighted and assessed. The monograph will be interesting for scholars, lecturers, doctoral and graduate students, and will also be useful to practical politicians, journalists and media workers and a wide range of readers interested in investment and innovation activities.

Transport and Energy Demand in the Developing World: The Urgent Alternatives

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 825-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariano Bauer ◽  
Elizabeth Mar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Economies In Transition ◽  
Light Trucks ◽  
Fuel Substitution ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Business As Usual

The appeal of individual mobility provided today by automobiles and light trucks with internal combustion engines, makes transportation the sector most resilient to a fuel substitution away from its dependence on oil. While the number of vehicles per capita and the distance traveled per vehicle are approaching saturation levels in the industrialized countries (IEA 2002), increases in population and income per capita, economic reforms and industry globalization can result in an off-trend accelerated growth of vehicles in the economies in transition (FSU and EE) and in the developing world (China, India and Latin America, mainly). The corresponding world road use energy consumption could reach a 200 percent increase from present levels by the year 2020, instead of an already worrisome “business as usual” projection of 75 percent (BAUER 2003, 2004). This paper analyses the mitigation effect on world oil demand and on its environmental impact that a policy of leapfrogging towards energy efficient internal combustion technologies and/or alternative vehicles – hybrid or fully electric – could have.

Development of Innovation System in Bioinformatics Using Blockchain Platforms

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Unstructured Data ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Situational Analysis ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Russian Economy

It is reasonable to use digital technologies to organize and support an innovation system that simplify and promote interactions between innovation activity participants by performing a situational analysis of big volumes of structured and unstructured data on innovation activity subjects in the regions. The aim of the article is to substantiate the essence, peculiarities and features of integrating blockchain platforms with Big Data intelligent analytics for regional innovation development. The study was carried out as based on materials describing the development of this concept both in the whole world and its spread in the Russian economy.

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