Determination of Reference Equation for Chest Expansion in Healthy Indian Children

BACKGROUND Measurement of chest expansion is commonly done in physical examination of patients as it gives reliable idea about the rib cage mobility & capacity of lungs along with thorax to expand. Chest expansion values are reduced in diseases and it can be used to check progression of the diseases. In India there is lack of reference data on chest expansion due to which the values derived from other population are used for reference in India. Comparison of the patient with wrong population data will create misinformation & wrong diagnosis. This study was designed to establish reference value for expansion of chest in healthy Indian children, understand relation of age, height, and weight with chest circumference & compare these values with published global values. METHODS Chest expansion & circumference of chest was measured in 229 boys and 226 girls aged 6 – 15 years. The study was conducted in Mumbai metropolitan region and Navi - Mumbai. Standing height, weight, age, sitting chest circumference and chest expansion were recorded. Chest expansion was measured at three different levels i.e. axillary, mammary and xiphoid. The correlation coefficient was used to understand relation of age, weight, height with chest expansion & chest circumference. The prediction equation was derived for both genders separately by multivariate regression. RESULTS Significant positive correlation of chest circumference was observed with age and weight and negative correlation with height. Chest expansion was higher in males as compared to females. Chest expansion had shown positive correlation with age, height and weight. Pearson correlation coefficients were 0.927, 0.885 & - 0.337 respectively. Different prediction equations were drawn for males and females for expansion of chest at all three levels. Significant difference was noted in values of this study and global values. CONCLUSIONS Gender wise differences exist in chest expansion values. Males have higher values than females. Hence gender specific equations are needed for estimation of chest expansion. KEY WORDS Chest Circumference, Indian Children, Chest Expansion, Prediction Equation

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Near binocular visual function after SMILE surgery for myopia

10.21203/rs.2.24502/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

XIAOQIN CHEN ◽

Yan Wang ◽

Lihua Li

Keyword(s):

Binocular Vision ◽

Visual Function ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Visual Fatigue ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Small Incision ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Relationship ◽

Vision Function

Abstract Purpose: To analyze the changes of near binocular vision function after small incision lenticule extraction and association with asthenopia. Methods: This was a retrospective study．Twenty-five myopic patients who underwent small incision lenticular extraction (SMILE) surgery from Tianjin Eye Hospital were included in this study．The values of parameters of near binocular vision function were measured at preoperative, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months postoperatively including near heterophoria, near point convergence (NPC), horizontal base-in fusional reserves (BIFR) and base-out fusional reserves (BOFR). The patients were grouped by the preoperative symptoms scores. The comparisons among different follow-up periods were conducted by the repeated measures analysis of variance. The Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was used to evaluate the linear fit of the relationship between variables. Multiple linear regressions were used to analyze the relationship between asthenopia and parameters of binocular and accommodative function. Results: The NPC significantly increased at 1 week and 1 month after SMILE and then get back to the level of preoperatively in 3 months postoperatively. Near heterophoria significantly decreased at 1 week after SMILE and then remained stable in 3 months postoperatively. In the regression analysis, there was no significant association between the values of the fatigue questionnaire at different stages after SMILE operation and the parameters of near binocular visual function (P>0.05). However, there was significant positive correlation among each visit with the preoperative visual fatigue questionnaire（P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the parameters of binocular visual function between the normal group and the fatigue group. For the visual fatigue group, there was positive correlation between the score of visual fatigue questionnaire 1 week after SMILE surgery and the difference in near horizontal phoria between 1w postoperative and that preoperative (r=0.523, P=0.046), and significant negative correlation with the recovery point of BOFR at 1 week (r=-0.581, P=0.023). Conclusion: SMILE surgery wouldn’t influence the binocular vision in the short term. Since there was no significant association between binocular vision function and visual fatigue, factors of asthenopia in the early period of SMILE surgery should be further studied.

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Study of the relation between teaching ability of B.Ed. teachers and creative teaching aptitude

International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH ◽

10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i7.2017.2166 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (7) ◽

pp. 587-597

Author(s):

Ram Niwas ◽

A.K. Nautiyal

Keyword(s):

Human Resources ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Teaching Style ◽

National Development ◽

Science Class ◽

Creative Teaching ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Teaching Competence ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Teaching Ability

Teachers have an important role in making human resources useful for national development. The teacher uses many teaching methods and methods for classroom activities. Presently more emphasis is being laid on providing qualitative education. Creative aptitude in teaching nurtures students' creativity. By which they can be used to ensure available physical and human resources and ensure satisfactory results. The Yashpal Committee (1992), laid the main emphasis on the development of independent thinking and self-learning capacity of the students in the teacher training program. Teaching skills competence of teachers is an important factor in setting up the best level educational institutions. Due to which the students are attracted and give priority to such institutions. The reason behind which is to work with creative aptitude in the teaching style of the teachers teaching them. RTE, Teacher Eligibility Test (TET) and B.Ed in education to develop the professional competence of the students. Adequate opportunities for teaching training have been accommodated for the quality of teacher education, etc. for two years of one year course of training.In the research paper presented, two-year new B.Ed. The creative attitude and teaching competence of the students of the course has been studied. In descriptive research, 132 students were taught in fifteen internship schools teaching practice in the arts and science class by simple random sampling method. Compilation of data BK Passy and Dr. M / s. Lalita's standardized general teaching competence measure and Dr. RP Shukla's creative teaching aptitude measuring tools were used in the compilation of data. Statistical methods such as percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-value and Pearson correlation coefficient were used in statistical analysis of the data obtained by the research survey. It has been revealed by the conclusion that- 1.) Similarity was found in teaching ability of art and science students but significant difference in mean level of creative teaching aptitude. 2.) There is a positive correlation between the teaching competence and creative aptitude of art class students and 3.) There is a positive correlation between teaching ability and creative aptitude of science class students. राष्ट्रीय विकास के लिए मानवीय संसाधन को उपयोगी बनाने में अध्यापकों की अहम् भूमिका है। कक्षागत् क्रियाकलापों के लिये अध्यापक अनेक शिक्षण युक्ति एवं विधियाँ प्रयोग करता है। वर्तमान में गुणात्मक शिक्षा उपलब्ध कराने पर अधिक बल दिया जा रहा है। शिक्षण में सृजनात्मक अभिवृत्ति छात्रों की रचनात्मकता को पोषित करती है। जिससे वे उपलब्ध भौतिक एवं मानवीय संसाधनों का समुचित प्रयोग करके संतोषजनक परिणामों को सुनिश्चित किया जा सकता है। यशपाल समिति (1992), ने शिक्षक प्रशिक्षण कार्यक्रम में छात्राध्यापकों के स्वतंत्र चिंतन व स्व-अधिगम क्षमता के विकास पर मुख्य जोर दिया। उत्तम स्तर के शिक्षण संस्थानों को स्थापित करने में अध्यापकों की शिक्षण कौशल सक्षमता एक महत्वपूर्ण कारक है। जिससे आकृष्ट होकर छात्र ऐसे संस्थानों में प्रवेश को प्राथमिकता देते है। जिसके पीछे उनमें पढ़ाने वाले शिक्षकों की अध्यापन शैली में रचनात्मक अभिवृत्ति से कार्य करना है। छात्राध्यापकों की पेशेवर सक्षमता को विकसित करने के लिए शिक्षा में आर.टी.ई., अध्यापक पात्रता परीक्षा (टी.ई.टी.) एवं बी.एड. प्रशिक्षण के एक वर्षीय पाठ्यक्रम को दो वर्ष करना आदि अध्यापक शिक्षा की गुणवत्ता हेतु शिक्षण प्रशिक्षण के पर्याप्त अवसरों को स्थान दिया गया है। प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र में द्विवर्षीय नवीन बी.एड. पाठ्यक्रम के छात्राध्यापकों की शिक्षण के प्रति सृजनात्मक मनोवृत्ति एवं शिक्षण सक्षमता का अध्ययन किया गया है। वर्णानात्मक शोध में पन्द्रह प्रशिक्षुता (इंटर्नशिप) विद्यालयों में शिक्षण अभ्यास करने वाले 132 छात्राध्यापकों का चयन साधारण यादृच्छिक प्रतिचयन विधि द्वारा कला एवं विज्ञान वर्ग द्वारा किया गया। आँकड़ों का संकलन डाॅ. बी.के. पाॅसी एवं डाॅ. एम.एस. ललिता की मानकीकृ्रत सामान्य शिक्षण सक्षमता मापनी तथा डाॅ. आर.पी. शुक्ला के सृजनात्मक शिक्षण अभिवृत्ति मापनी उपकरणों का प्रयोग आॅकडों के संकलन में किया गया। शोध सर्वेक्षण द्वारा प्राप्त आंकड़ों का साख्यिकीय विश्लेषण में प्रतिशत, मध्यमान, प्रमाणिक विचलन, टी-मान एवं पियर्सन सहसम्बन्ध गुणांक आदि सांख्यिकी विधियों का प्रयोग किया गया। जिससे प्राप्त निष्कर्ष द्वारा विदित हुआ है कि- 1.) कला एवं विज्ञान छात्राध्यापकों की शिक्षण सक्षमता में समानता लेकिन सृजनात्मक शिक्षण अभिवृत्ति के मध्यमान स्तर में सार्थक अंतर पाया गया। 2.) कला वर्ग के छात्राध्यापकों की शिक्षण सक्षमता एवं सृजनात्मक अभिवृत्ति के मध्य सकारात्मक अनुबन्ध है तथा 3.) विज्ञान वर्ग के छात्राध्यपकों की शिक्षण सक्षमता एवं सृजनात्मक अभिवृत्ति में धनात्मक सहसम्बन्ध है।

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221 UK Medical School Selection Criteria Predicts Success in Part A of The Intercollegiate Membership of The Royal College of Surgeons (MRCS) Examination

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1093/bjs/znab134.539 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

R Ellis ◽

P Brennan ◽

J Cleland ◽

A. Lee ◽

D. Scrimgeour

Keyword(s):

Medical School ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Medical School Admissions ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Medical School Selection ◽

Admissions Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

School Selection

Abstract Background Selection into UK medical school typically involves a combination of three measures: prior academic attainment, selection tests (e.g., the University Clinical Aptitude Test (UCAT), Biomedical Admissions Test (BMAT), Graduate Medical School Admissions Test (GAMSAT)), and an interview. We investigated whether prior attainment and selection test scores can predict MRCS success. Method We used the UKMED database to analyse selection data for all UK graduates who attempted MRCS Part A (n = 9729) and Part B (n = 4644) between 2007-2017. Univariate analysis and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to examine the relationship between selection scores and first attempt MRCS success. Results Successful MRCS Part A candidates had better A-Levels and higher scores in UCAT, BMAT and GAMSAT examinations (p < 0.001) than their unsuccessful peers. No statistically significant difference was observed for MRCS Part B. A moderate positive correlation was found between Part A, BMAT (r = 0.315, p < 0.001) and GAMSAT scores (r = 0.346, p < 0.001). A weak positive correlation was found between Part A, A-Level (r = 0.144, p < 0.001) and UCAT scores (r = 0.246, p < 0.001). Conclusions A-level results and medical school selection tests predict success in the knowledge-based (Part A) MRCS examination.

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Body and testicular biometry of Crioulo stallions

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20210156 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Fernanda Carlini Cunha dos Santos ◽

Bruna da Rosa Curcio ◽

Carlos Eduardo Wayne Nogueira

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Body Fat ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Maximum Growth ◽

The Body ◽

Fat Accumulation ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Length Width ◽

Sperm Output

ABSTRACT: Brazilian Association of Crioulo Horse Breeders (ABCCC) establishes minimal and maximal body biometrics evaluation; although, nothing is mentioned about testicular measurements. Body and testicular growth are associated and related to age. We described data regarding body and testicular biometry of Crioulo stallions, with a comparative study between young and adult categories. Evaluation was performed in 56 stallions, Crioulo breed, split in: youngsters (3 and 4 years-old, n=16) and adults (above 5 years-old, n=40). Body biometry included weight, height, cannon bone and chest circumference, body score condition and neck fat accumulation. Testicular biometry included height, length, width, volume, combined volume and daily sperm output (DSO). Statistical analyses included descriptive statistic, Pearson correlation, comparison between means by Kruskal Wallis, being P < 0.05 considered significant. There was no significant difference between the parameters of body and testicular biometrics between categories young and adult. In relation to height, the average was very close to the lower limit established, while chest and cannon bone circumference were above the minimum recommended by ABCCC. Cannon bone circumference presented a positive correlation with height. Most of stallions presented excessive body fat, with a body score condition above 8 (scale 1-9). Neck fat accumulation presented a positive correlation with body score condition. Testicular height, length, width and volume presented a positive correlation between the ipsi and contralateral testicle, total testicular volume and DSO. In conclusion, no difference in the body and testicular biometric evaluation was observed between young and adult Crioulo stallions. Testicular and body growth are associated and also related to age, so our finding suggested that after 3-4 years-old most of Crioulo stallions have already reached maximum growth.

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Soil Nutrient Analysis Underneath Grewia optiva Population

International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management ◽

10.23910/1.2021.2643b ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 645-654

Author(s):

H. P. Sankhyan ◽

◽

Jyoti Dhiman ◽

Krishan Chand ◽

Prachi - ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Soil Nutrient ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Nutrient Analysis ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Grewia Optiva ◽

The Impact

The present study was conducted during May and November, 2019 and 2020 and here we quantify the impact of soil nutrient variation on the population growth of Grewia optiva Drummond of different districts with variable climate and heterogeneous soils. The impacts on growth parameters (tree height, crown spread, leaf traits, fruit dimensions) of selected populations of Grewia optiva Drummond statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. Five composite soil samples were taken at 15–30 cm depth, on seven selected districts of Himachal Pradesh viz., total 35 samples were analyzed for physiochemical properties. Soil of Mandi district registered with acidic pH as compared to soil pH of other districts. There was significant difference in pH, OC, EC, N, P, K and in Bulk density within selected population of each district. pH range of moderately acidic to moderately alkaline (according to standard soil classification) founded best for growth of this species. There was highly positive correlation observed between Nitrogen and leaf area (0.33), Phosphorus and leaf area (0.45). 100 leaf fresh weight showed highly positive correlation with Nitrogen (0.37) and organic carbon (0.39). 100 leaf dry weight showed highly positive correlation with Nitrogen and Organic Carbon. Crown spread showed highly positive correlation with Organic carbon (0.29), Nitrogen (0.38) and with Phosphorus (0.30). Moderately Positive correlation observed between Potassium and 100 fruit dry weight (0.15). 50% of soil texture observed as sandy loamy and sandy clay loamy.

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Effect of a-Week Summer Camp on the Hopelessness and Self-Esteem of the University Students Attending Sport Sciences Faculty

International Journal of Physical Education Fitness and Sports ◽

10.26524/ijpefs1845 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 42-49 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Korkmaz YİĞİTER ◽

Hakan TOSUN

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Summer Camp ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Female Students ◽

T Test ◽

Significance Level ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Test ◽

The University

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of participation in a 1-week summer camp on thehopelessness and self-esteem of the university students attending Sport Sciences Faculty. Participants were 36university students assigned to experiment group using a random procedure. Coopersmith Self-esteem and Beck Hopelessness Scales were completed at the beginning and end of the summer camp by designed the university. The obtained data were analysed in the SPSS 18.0 program and the significance level was taken as 0.05. The descriptive statistics, independent simple t test, paired simple t test and Pearson correlation were used for analyse the data in the study. According to the results of the research, no significant difference was observed in the comparison of the hopelessness and self-esteem levels between pre and post-test. In addition, there was a significant difference in the hopelessness level of male and female students but any significant difference was not observed in terms of self-esteem. There was a significant relationship between hopelessness and self-esteem pre and post-test. These result shows that a 1-week summer camp cannot change the hopelessness or self-esteem level. However, as the self-esteem rises, the rate of despair decreases whereas as the despair rises, the selfesteem decreases.

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Levels of selected metals in coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) leaves cultivated in four different areas of Ethiopia

10.31221/osf.io/3cwmn ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Chem Int

Keyword(s):

Pearson Correlation ◽

Absorption Spectrometry ◽

Coriandrum Sativum ◽

Good Source ◽

Digestion Method ◽

Flame Atomic Absorption ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Metal Levels ◽

Good Percentage ◽

Coriander Leaves

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is one of the herbs which is used for medicinal and food purposes. In the present study the levels of selected metals in coriander leaves were determined in the samples collected from four different farmlands (Sebeta, Mekanisa, Holeta and Gefersa) in Ethiopia where its cultivation is common. The levels of metals were determined after digestion of samples with the mixture of 4 mL of HNO3 and 4 mL of HClO4 at 300 oC for 3:00 hours by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The optimized wet digestion method for coriander leaves analysis was validated through the recovery experiment and a good percentage recovery was obtained (93.2-101%). The levels of metals were found in the range Ca, 2319–3503 mg/kg; Zn, 33.4–54.8 mg/kg and Cr, 5.55-9.86 mg/kg while the trace metals Cu, Ni, Cd and Pb were too low to be detected. The results indicated that Ethiopian coriander is a good source of essential metals and free from the toxic metals Pb and Cd. A statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 95% confidence level indicated that there is significant difference (p < 0.05) in the levels of all detected metals between the four sample means. The Pearson correlation was used to predict the dependence of metal levels on one another. The levels of the metals determined in this study compared well with those reported for coriander leaves from some other parts of the world.

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Aberrant β-catenin activity in hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach

Current Molecular Medicine ◽

10.2174/0929867327666200522215607 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

Author(s):

Nan Wang ◽

Rui Kong ◽

Wei Han ◽

Jie Lu

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽

Cancer Tissue ◽

Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma ◽

Tumor Initiating Cells ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Diagnostic Confusion ◽

Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽

Cancer Tissues

Background: Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach (HAS) has been recognized as a rare primary gastric tumor characterized by hepatocellular carcinoma-like histology. HAS often causes diagnostic confusion with conventional gastric adenocarcinoma (CGA) due to the difficulty to detect hepatoid differentiation solely based on findings from hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Hence, HAS should be distinguished from solid-type CGA based on their different biological behaviors. β-catenin is highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is involved in the maintenance of tumor initiating cells, drug resistance, tumor progression, and metastasis. Methods and Results: Given the dearth of HAS cases, systematic examination of the expression of β-catenin in HAS remains under-explored. In this study, 14 cases were subjected to immunostaining with with AFP, β-catenin, glypican3, hepar-1 and CerbB-2. In parallel, the clinicopathological characteristics of these patients were collected. We detected statistically significant difference in the expression of β-catenin (P = 0.000), glypican3 (P = 0.019), and hepar-1 (P = 0.007) between HAS cancer tissues and the adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between the expression of β-catenin in HAS cancer tissue and adjacent tissue (Pearson correlation coefficient: 0.686, P = 0.007). Moreover, in cancer tissues, a significant correlation was observed between the expression of β-catenin and survival time (Spearman correlationcoefficient= - 0.482, P = 0.003). However, we found the expression of β-catenin did not correlate with the degree of tumor differentiation and tumor size, age, gender, serum AFP levels, microinvasion, and metastasis (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings establish β-catenin as a useful marker that can distinguish HAS from CGA and may improve the early diagnosis to guide the appropriate and timely treatment of HAS patients.

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Time series analysis of the relationship between diarrhea in children and Rota 2 vaccine in the Fanteakwa District of the eastern region of Ghana

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-021-02540-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

James Atampiiga Avoka ◽

Elvis J. Dun-Dery ◽

Issah Seidu ◽

Armel N. E. Abou ◽

Paul Twene ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pearson Correlation ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Seasonal Effects ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Least Developed Countries ◽

R Software ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Severe Gastroenteritis ◽

Access To Medical Care ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background Rotavirus is considered the main causal factor of severe gastroenteritis among infants and children globally. The association with severe rotavirus infection is mostly worse among the least developed countries, mainly due to inadequate access to medical care and poverty. This study was conducted to determine the seasonal effects in respect of diarrhea cases in children, the association between diarrhea cases and Rota2 vaccine in the Fanteakwa District of the Eastern Region of Ghana. Methods The study compares monthly diarrhea cases against children vaccinated with Rota2 extracted from DHIMS2 spanning May 2012 to December 2017 in Fanteakwa District. A univariate association between diarrhea cases and children vaccinated with Rota 2 was conducted using the R-software version 3.4.4 with the use of forecast, tseries and TSAPred. Pearson Correlation coefficient was also computed between monthly diarrhea cases and Rota 2 as well as lagged values of Rota 2 and Diarrhea cases. Results The study shows that February recorded the highest average number of diarrhea cases (172) over the period 2012 to 2017 with a standard deviation of 59. However, a one-way analysis of variance shows a significant difference amongst the monthly averages with an F-statistic of 0.042 and P-value of 0.064. It is observed that the correlations between each of the Rota2 doses and the lagged cases are positive, showing higher Rota2 doses a month ago ((Xt − 1),0.346 to0.735), two months ago ((Xt − 2),0.383 to 0.746), three months ago ((Xt − 3), 0.330 to 0.737) and four months ago ((Xt − 4), 0.236 to 0.723) are associated with lower diarrhea cases. The results also show that an increase in the previous two month’s Rota2 figures by 100 is associated with a significant decrease in the currently expected diarrhea cases by approximately 36. Conclusion Seasonal variations exist in the occurrence of diarrhea in children, with January recording the highest number of diarrhea cases (172). There is a relationship between episodes of diarrhea in children and Rota2 (p-value = 0.064); thus, the more children are vaccinated with Rota2, the less diarrhea cases are recorded. Diarrhea cases in Fanteakwa district are generally low, except 2013 and 2016 where the cases are higher than the rest of the other years.

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AB1119 U9: A NOVEL CLINICALLY ORIENTED ULTRASONOGRAPHIC SCALE AS A USEFUL MARKER FOR MONITORING THERAPEUTIC RESPONSE IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (MULTI CENTERS STUDY)

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2733 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 1848.2-1849

Author(s):

M. A. Mortada ◽

H. Eitta ◽

R. Elmallah ◽

A. Radwan ◽

A. Elsaman

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Response To Treatment ◽

P Value ◽

Clinical Parameters ◽

Biologic Dmards ◽

Das 28 ◽

Significant Difference

Background:Musculoskeletal Ultrasonography (MSUS) is now a widely used tool for monitoring of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although there are many proposed sets of composite scores, a fixed set of joints may not be an ideal tool to assess a disease like RA, which affects many joints and tendons in different presentations. In previous study (1) U9 score was proven to be correlated with disease activity parameters.Objectives:To determine whether US assessment using U9 score is useful for monitoring response to treatment for RA or not?Methods:A prospective, multicenter study were conducted in period from July 2019 to December 2019. All recruited RA patients were subjected to: Disease activity assessment by clinical disease activity indices (CDAI and DAS28 ESR). Functional status assessment by (HAQ) and ultrasonographic assessment using U9 score which include 8 joints (bilateral wrists,2ndMCP,3RDMCP and knees) plus most clinically affected joint or tendon (one joint or one tendon). Most clinically affected joints from 48 joints. Any affected tendons could be choosing. All targeted joints were evaluated according to EULAR guidlines and by EULAR/ OMERACT combined score (0-3). Targeted tendons were scored (0-3).All patients received their treatment (biologic and non biologic DMARDs) according to the decision of the treating physicians. No specific therapy is needed. CDAI and DAS28 ESR, HAQ and U9 score were repeated after 3 months to detect the response to change after receiving the therapy.Results:One hundred and forty patients (23.6% were male) with mean age 39.26±11.30 were recruited from 4 tertiary referral university hospitals.There was a significant difference (<0.001) between the first and second visits as regards clinical, laboratory and ultrasonographic parameters. DAS 28 decreased form (5.29±1.21) to (3.95±0.99), ESR decreased from (42.12±15.24) to (26.84±12.32), HAQ2 improved from (0.652±0.350) to (0.510±0.237) and U9 total US score decreased from (13.56±5.18) to (8.02±4.28).There was significant correlation between U9 ultrasonographic score and clinical parameters at both visits (table 1).Table 1.correlation between U9 ultrasonographic score and clinical parameters.U9 at 1stvisitU9 at 2ndvisitDAS-28Pearson Correlation(P value)0.806<0.0010.790<0.001CDAIPearson Correlation(P value)0.787<0.0010.773<0.001HAQPearson Correlation(P value)0.431<0.0010.317<0.001We found that the most suitable cut-off value of U9 score to predict high disease activity was 11.5 (sensitivity 85.7% and specificity 80.6%), cut off value for moderate disease activity was 5.5(sensitivity 83.2% and specificity 88%) and cut off value for low disease activity was 3.5 (sensitivity of 83.3% and specificity 57.1%). These results are summarized in the following table:Conclusion:U9 ultrasonographic score is very useful method for evaluating the monitoring the response of treatment.References:[1]Mortada, et al. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2019;78:1009.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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