scholarly journals Effect of Trigonella Foenum against Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid induced Nephrotoxicity in Male Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-43
Author(s):  
A I Barakat ◽  
EH Radwan
Keyword(s):  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers

Background Nephrotoxicity is a complication due to the effect of some toxic chemicals on kidney. Current study planned to screen the effect of Trigonella foenumaqueous seeds extracts on EDTA induced nephrotoxicity. Trigonella foenum known for its various medicinal properties is also a natural antioxidant and a free radical scavenger with no documented evidence as a nephron-protective agent. Objective To investigate the protective effects of aqueous seed extracts of Trigonella foenum. Material and Methods The present study was used 40 male albino rats (Rattus albinus) with weight of (150 ± 10) g with divided into four groups: control gp; EDTA gp (95 mg/kg); Trigonella foenum gp (500 mg/kg) and EDTA + Trigonella f oenum gp by gastric tube daily for 4 weeks. Blood urea, creatinine, GFR, creatinine clearance, MDA and GPx analyses and microscopic examination of kidney were performed. Results In the present study, Blood samples were taken from all groups and concentration of serum urea, creatinine, GFR, Creatinine clearance, MDA and GPx were determined. Histopathological observations were observed in kidney tissue. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). EDTA induced an increase in urea and creatinine as well as there was a decrease in the concentration of GFR and creatinine clearance. The level of MDA was increase while the concentration of GPx was decrease in the serum of EDTA group. The aqueous extracts of Trigonella seeds significantly prevented renal damage by normalizing increased levels of renal markers. The correction of oxidative stress biomarkers was consistent with amelioration of the histopathological changes induced by EDTA. Hence, it is suggested that ameliorative effect of aqueous extract of Trigonella foenumagainst EDTA induced nephrotoxicity. Conclusion The present data suggest that aqueous extract of Trigonella foenum exhibits reno-protective effect in EDTA induced renal damage.

Melatonin reduces high levels of lipid peroxidation induced by potassium iodate in porcine thyroid

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Iwan ◽  
Jan Stepniak ◽  
Malgorzata Karbownik-Lewinska
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Iodine Concentration ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Potassium Iodate ◽  
Hormone Synthesis

Abstract. Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis. Under normal iodine supply, calculated physiological iodine concentration in the thyroid is approx. 9 mM. Either potassium iodide (KI) or potassium iodate (KIO3) are used in iodine prophylaxis. KI is confirmed as absolutely safe. KIO3 possesses chemical properties suggesting its potential toxicity. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is an effective antioxidant and free radical scavenger. Study aims: to evaluate potential protective effects of melatonin against oxidative damage to membrane lipids (lipid peroxidation, LPO) induced by KI or KIO3 in porcine thyroid. Homogenates of twenty four (24) thyroids were incubated in presence of either KI or KIO3 without/with melatonin (5 mM). As melatonin was not effective against KI-induced LPO, in the next step only KIO3 was used. Homogenates were incubated in presence of KIO3 (200; 100; 50; 25; 20; 15; 10; 7.5; 5.0; 2.5; 1.25 mM) without/with melatonin or 17ß-estradiol. Five experiments were performed with different concentrations of melatonin (5.0; 2.5; 1.25; 1.0; 0.625 mM) and one with 17ß-estradiol (1.0 mM). Malondialdehyde + 4-hydroxyalkenals (MDA + 4-HDA) concentration (LPO index) was measured spectrophotometrically. KIO3 increased LPO with the strongest damaging effect (MDA + 4-HDA level: ≈1.28 nmol/mg protein, p < 0.05) revealed at concentrations of around 15 mM, thus corresponding to physiological iodine concentrations in the thyroid. Melatonin reduced LPO (MDA + 4-HDA levels: from ≈0.97 to ≈0,76 and from ≈0,64 to ≈0,49 nmol/mg protein, p < 0.05) induced by KIO3 at concentrations of 10 mM or 7.5 mM. Conclusion: Melatonin can reduce very strong oxidative damage to membrane lipids caused by KIO3 used in doses resulting in physiological iodine concentrations in the thyroid.

scholarly journals Propolis Protective Effects Against Doxorubicin-Induced Multi-Organ Toxicity via Suppression of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Histopathological Alterations in Female Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1762-1777
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Treatment Protocols

Doxorubicin (DOX) is effective chemotherapy in several malignancies, but large-scale toxicities limit its clinical usefulness. Propolis has been reported to exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities. We aim to assess the protective efficacy of propolis against DOX-induced multi-toxicity in female rats. Forty female rats were divided into four groups: control group; Group (P) were administrated oral propolis (100 mg/kg once daily for 28 days); Group (P+DOX) were injected with a single intraperitoneal dose of DOX (20 mg/kg i.p at 24th day after the propolis administration) and group (DOX) were injected with doxorubicin only. Estimation of cardiac, renal and hepatic injury markers, apoptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokines were done using sera. Also, liver and heart tissue samples were collected to determine GSH and MDA as oxidative stress markers. In addition to histopathological and immunohistochemical examination of Cytochrome-C and Connexin43 on lysed myocardium, liver, kidney and lung tissues. Doxorubicin toxicity caused marked deteriorations of measured parameters through the different mechanisms in different body organs. However, pre-treatment with propolis significantly ameliorated these alterations. Thus propolis can ameliorate the DOX-induced experimental multi-toxicity as cardiomyopathy, hepatotoxicity, nephritis and pneumonia. Thus, it could be a promising protective agent in DOX treatment protocols.

scholarly journals HEPATOPROTECTIVE AND NEPHROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF THE AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF TURMERIC (CURCUMA LONGA) IN RIFAMPICIN AND ISONIAZID-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY AND NEPHROTOXICITY IN RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 293-298
Author(s):  
MAHDI M THUAWAINI ◽  
MAWAHIB B GASIM AL-FARHAAN ◽  
KARIMA F ABBAS
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Significant Elevation ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Kidney Functions

Objectives: The present study was designed to estimate the influences of oral administration of aqueous extract of turmeric (Curcuma longa) in hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced in rats by isoniazid and rifampicin (RIF) for 4 weeks. Influences were determined through the estimation of liver and kidney functions and histopathological changes. Materials and Methods: A total of 48 male albino rats were randomly divided into six groups: Normal control, INH+RIF treated rats, Turmeric aqueous extract 100 mg/kg treated rats, Turmeric aqueous extract 100 mg/kg + INH and RIF treated rats, Turmeric aqueous extract 200 mg/kg treated rats, Turmeric aqueous extract 200 mg/kg+ INH and RIF treated rats. Turmeric aqueous extract and INH + RIF (50 mg/kg bwpo, daily) were given for 4 weeks. Liver and kidney function markers (aspartate transaminase [AST], alanine transaminase [ALT], alanine phosphatase [ALP], bilirubin, blood urea, and creatinine) were determined enzymatically. In addition, tissues of liver and kidney were quickly separated and fixed in 10% formalin and subjected to histopathological studies. Statistical analysis was carried out using t-test. Results: The aqueous extract of turmeric (at a dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg bw, p.o. daily ) showed hepato- and reno-protective effects in hepato- and reno- toxicity induced by RIF and INH in rats. Significant elevation of serum ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin, creatinine, urea, and total protein, due to RIF and INH treatment, were significantly decreased. The histopathological study further confirmed the biochemical results. Conclusion: Results of the present study indicated that turmeric has hepatoprotective and renoprotective action against RIF- and INH-induced hepatic and renal injury in rats.

Protective Role of Melatonin and Coenzyme Q10 in Ochratoxin A Toxicity in Rat Liver and Kidney

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Sutken ◽  
Erinc Aral ◽  
Filiz Ozdemir ◽  
Sema Uslu ◽  
Ozkan Alatas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Coenzyme Q ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Melatonin (MEL) and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) both display antioxidant and free radical scavenger properties. In the present study, the effect of MEL and CoQ10 on the oxidative stress and fibrosis induced by ochratoxin A (OTA) administration in rats was investigated. Rats were divided into five equal groups, each consisting of seven rats: (1) controls; (2) OTA-treated rats (289 μg/kg/day); (3) OTA+MEL–treated rats (289 μg/kg/day OTA + 10 mg/kg/day MEL); and (4) OTA+CoQ10–treated rats (289 μg/kg/day OTA +1 mg/100 g/day body weight (bw) CoQ10). After 4 weeks of treatment, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and hydroxyproline (Hyp) were measured in the homogenates of liver and kidney. In the OTA-treated group, the levels of MDA and Hyp in both liver and kidney were significantly increased when compared with the levels of control, whereas GPx activities decreased. In OTA+MEL–treated rats, the levels of MDA and Hyp in both liver and kidney were significantly decreased when compared with the levels of OTA-treated rats; however; GPX activities increased. In the OTA+CoQ10–treated group, the levels of MDA and Hyp were decreased when compared with the levels of OTA-treated rats, whereas GPx activities increased. In the OTA+CoQ 10–treated group, the levels of MDA, Hyp, and GPx were not significantly changed in kidney when compared with OTA-treated group. MEL has a protective effect against OTA toxicity through an inhibition of the oxidative damage and fibrosis both liver and kidney. Although CoQ10 has protective effect against OTA toxicity in liver tissue, it has no effect in kidney tissue.

Protective effects of erdosteine on rotenone-induced oxidant injury in liver tissue

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (6-10) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alpaslan Terzi ◽  
Mustafa Iraz ◽  
Semsettin Sahin ◽  
Atilla Ilhan ◽  
Nuri Idiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Oxidant Injury ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Rotenone, an insecticide of botanical origin, causes toxicity through inhibition of complex I of the respiratory chain in mitochondria. This study was undertaken to determine whether rotenone-induced liver oxidant injury is prevented by erdosteine, a mucolytic agent showing antioxidant properties. There were four groups of Male Wistar Albino rats: group one was untreated as control; the other groups were treated with erdosteine (50 mg/kg per day, orally), rotenone (2.5 mg/mL once and 1 mL/kg per day for 60 days, i.p.) or rotenone plus erdosteine, respectively. Rotenone treatment without erdosteine increased xanthine oxidase (XO) enzyme activity and also increased lipid peroxidation in liver tissue P < 0.05). The rats treated with rotenone plus erdosteine produced a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation and XO activities in comparison with rotenone group PB / 0.05). Erdosteine treatment with rotenone led to an increase in catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in comparison with the rotenone group PB / 0.05). There was no significant difference in nitric oxide (NO) level between groups. There were negative correlations between CAT activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) level (r= -0.934, P <0.05) with between CAT and SOD activities (r= -0.714, P <0.05), and a positive correlation between SOD activity and MDA level (r= 0.828, P <0.05) in rotenone group. In the rotenone plus erdosteine group, there was a negative correlation between XO activity and NO level in liver tissue (r= -0.833, P -0.05). In the light of these findings, erdosteine may be a protective agent for rotenone-induced liver oxidative injury in rats.

Alpha-lipoic acid improves acute deltamethrin-induced toxicity in rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 773-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania H. Abdou ◽  
Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
Keyword(s):  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Tissue Lipid Peroxidation

Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a natural dithiol compound, with a free radical scavenger and biological antioxidant properties. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the protective effects of ALA on biochemical alteration and oxidative stress induced by acute deltamethrin intoxication in rats. Markers of liver and kidney injuries in serum of deltamethrin-intoxicated as well as ALA-pretreated rats were analyzed. Moreover, serum and (or) tissue lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde and antioxidant markers, reduced glutathione, catalase, superoxide dismutase activity, and total antioxidant capacity were evaluated. The results showed that all parameters were altered in the intoxicated group, indicating hepatorenal oxidative damage of deltamethrin. Pre-treatment with ALA reversed the changes in most of the studied parameters in a dose-dependent manner. Histopathological and biochemical findings were parallel. It can be concluded that ALA may be a promising therapeutic option for prevention and (or) treatment of deltamethin toxicity.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Effect of Melatonin Treatment before and after Brain Ischemic Injury in the Inflammatory and Apoptotic Response in Aged Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 2097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Rancan ◽  
Sergio Paredes ◽  
Cruz García ◽  
Pablo González ◽  
Cruz Rodríguez-Bobada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Ischemic Lesion ◽  
Melatonin Administration ◽  
Brain Ischemic Injury ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Factor Α

Aging is associated with an increase in stroke risk. Melatonin, a potent free radical scavenger and broad spectrum antioxidant, has been shown to counteract inflammation and apoptosis in brain injury. However, little is known on the possible protective effects of melatonin in aged individuals affected by brain ischemia. Also, using melatonin before or after an ischemic stroke may result in significantly different molecular outcomes. The objective of the present study was to compare the effects of pre-ischemia vs. post-ischemia melatonin administration in an ischemic lesion in the cortex and hippocampus of senescent Wistar rats. An obstruction of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) to 18-month-old animals was performed. In general, animals treated with melatonin from 24 h prior to surgery until 7 days after the surgical procedure (PrevT) experienced a significant decrease in the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Bcl-2-associated death promoter (BAD), and Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) in both cortex and hippocampus, while hippocampal levels of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) increased. Treatment of animals with melatonin only after surgery (AT) resulted in similar effects, but to a lesser extent than in the PrevT group. In any case, melatonin acted as a valuable therapeutic agent protecting aged animals from the harmful effects of cerebral infarction.

scholarly journals Antimutagenic and antirecombinagenic activities of noni fruit juice in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 585-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEONARDO P. FRANCHI ◽  
NILZA N. GUIMARAES ◽  
LAISE R. DE ANDRADE ◽  
HELOISA H.R. DE ANDRADE ◽  
MAURICIO LEHMANN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Induced Mutant

Noni, a Hawaiian name for the fruit of Morinda citrifolia L., is a traditional medicinal plant from Polynesia widely used for the treatment of many diseases including arthritis, diabetes, asthma, hypertension and cancer. Here, a commercial noni juice (TNJ) was evaluated for its protective activities against the lesions induced by mitomycin C (MMC) and doxorrubicin (DXR) using the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster. Three-day-old larvae, trans-heterozygous for two genetic markers (mwh and flr3 ), were co-treated with TNJ plus MMC or DXR. We have observed a reduction in genotoxic effects of MMC and DXR caused by the juice. TNJ provoked a marked decrease in all kinds of MMC- and DXR-induced mutant spots, mainly due to its antirecombinagenic activity. The TNJ protective effects were concentration-dependent, indicating a dose-response correlation, that can be attributed to a powerful antioxidant and/or free radical scavenger ability of TNJ.

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