scholarly journals DILUCIÓN DE MIEL EN AGUA INDUCE HORMESIS EN LA ACTIVIDAD ANTIBACTERIANA SOBRE Staphylococcus aureus.

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (suplemento) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Castromán
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Inhibitory Zone ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Higher Doses

In pharmacology, hormesis is defined as the high efficacy of a drug at low doses and a decrease of efficacy at higher doses. In this study, the hormesis phenomenon on the antibacterial activity of honey was assessed. The activity of four honeys (A, D, C and D) were checked by agar plate diffusion method using S. aureus (ATCC 29213) as the test organism. Each honey was tested as follows; on the surface of an agar plate, five stainless steel cylinders with a diameter of 8,14 mm were radially disposed. Onto each cylinder 0,1 mL of the sample honey diluted in water at 50 – 25 - 12,5 -6,25 and 3,125 % v/v were placed. Plates were incubated at 35°C during 24 h. The surface of the cylinder diameter was set as reference antibacterial activity (Ra). The antibacterial activity of each honey was quantitated by the relationship between the surface of the inhibitory zone (Iz) and the surface of the reference activity (Iz/Ra). An increase in the antibacterial activity was observed at a concentration of water greater than 50% in honeys B and C. This hormetic behavior could be considered as indicator of the quality of the antibacterial activity of these honeys.  

scholarly journals PROPUESTA DE UNA METODOLOGÍA PARA CUANTIFICAR LA ACTIVIDAD ANTIBACTERIANA DE LA MIEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (suplemento) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Medicinal Purpose ◽  
Inhibitory Zone ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
The Relationship

In this study a standardized method for objectively comparing the antibacterial activity of honey was developed. The assay was performed using a strain of S. aureus and four honeys that have been shown antibacterial activity against this strain. The antibacterial activity of honeys were checked by using an agar plate diffusion method using S. aureus (ATCC 29213) as the test organism. On the surface of each agar plate six stainless steel cylinders with a diameter of 8,14 mm were radially disposed. Onto each cylinder 0,1 mL of sample honey at 10% v/v was placed and all Petri dishes were incubated at 35°C during 24 h. Each sample were analyzed by triplicate. The surface of the cylinder diameter was set as reference antibacterial activity equivalent to minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The antibacterial activity of each honey was quantitated by the relationship between the surface of the inhibitory zone and the surface of the reference activity expressed as multiples of MIC (x MIC). The method allowed establishing differences between the bacterial activities of the different honeys tested and could be used for identifying honeys that could be employed with medicinal purpose for the treatments of wounds.

scholarly journals Screening and Production of Antibacterial from Lactobacillus plantarum NS(9) Isolated from Nile Tilapia Bekasam

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Desniar Desniar ◽  
Iriani Setyaningsih ◽  
Yoga Indra Purnama
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Exponential Growth Phase ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Inhibitory Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Compounds ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Growth Of Bacteria

<p>Lactic acid bacteria has been used as biopreservatif becouse produce a number of antibacterial<br />substances are safety and has inhibitory activity against enteropatogenic bacteria. The aims of this study<br />were to screen of antibacterial compounds produced by Lactobacillus plantarum NS (9) and to produce<br />their antibacterial compounds. The research was devided into two stages. In the first stage was L. plantarum<br />NS (9) inoculated at 37°C, for 24 hours in semi-anaerobic conditions. The cell-free supertnatant was given<br />three treatment, ie not neutralized (A), neutralized (pH 7) (N), and precipitated with ammonium sulfate<br />50% (P). This three supernatant was assayed their antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. typhimurium<br />ATCC 14028, S. aureus, B. cereus and L. monocytogenes using the agar well diffusion method. In the second<br />stage, production of antibacterial compound was L. plantarum NS (9) inoculated at 37°C, for 24 hours<br />in semi-anaerobic conditions. The Dencity Optical, value pH, acid total and antibacterial activity were<br />measured every three hours during growth of bacteria. The results of the antibacterial screening showed<br />that L. plantarum NS (9) produced inhibitory zone againts the five indicator bacteria from a supernatant,<br />whereas N and P supernatant were not produced inhibitory zone. This result indicated that inhibition.</p><p>produced at 6 hours of incubation and were increased to simultaneously with increasing of bacteria growth.<br />The highest antibacterial activity against E. coli, B. cereus and L.monocytogenes were produced at the end<br />of the exponential growth phase (12 -15 hours incubation) while against S. aureus and S. typhimurium<br />ATCC 14028 at 21 and 24 hour of incubation, respectively. The antibacterial activity also was increased to<br />simultaniously with increasing of acid total (1.350 to 4.050%) and decreasing of pH value (6-4) during<br />growth of bacteria.<br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Some Herbal Extracts for the Treatment of Typhoid Fever Sold in Okitipupa Town, Ondo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
I. A. Adeyemo ◽  
◽  
C. O. Omolade
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Herbal Mixture ◽  
Plant Parts

The study investigated and compared the antimicrobial potency of aqueous (cold and hot) and ethanolic extracts of six plant parts used as herbal mixture against clinical isolate of Salmonella typhi in Okitipupa town. Extracts from six plant parts used as herbal mixture were tested for antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi isolated from patients suffering from typhoid fever. The antibacterial activities of each of the extracts (ethanolic, cold and hot waters) were determined using agar diffusion method and the activities produced zone of inhibition ranging from 20mm-34mm. Ethanolic extract was found to be more potent being capable of exerting significant inhibitory activity on the test organism investigated with an inhibition zone of 34mm followed by the cold-water extract (28mm) while hot water extract gave the least (20mm). The phytochemical analysis showed the presence of saponins, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, glucosinolates and triterpenes in the extracts but total absence of proteins. The study confirms the medicinal value of herbal mixtures and justifies the claim of its local use in health remedies for typhoid fever caused by Salmonella typhi. There is the need therefore to develop effective combination of antimicrobial agents in purified form from higher plants and their parts for clinical trials. Keywords: Herbal mixture, antibacterial activity, typhoid fever, phytochemical analysis.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Benzyl Benzoate and Crotepoxide from Kaempferia rotunda L. Rhizome

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Hartiwi Diastuti ◽  
Mochammad Chasani ◽  
Suwandri Suwandri
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
Inhibitory Zone ◽  
Benzyl Benzoate ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Benzyl benzoate and crotepoxide are the major components of Kaempferia rotunda L. rhizome. However, the bioactivity study of benzyl benzoate and crotepoxide as the antibacterial activity were still limited. Therefore, the antibacterial activity of benzyl benzoate and crotepoxide against four pathogenic bacteria, i.e., Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Enterococcus aerogenes ATCC 13048, Bacillus cereus ATCC 6538 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 11778 were investigated. The isolation steps were include the extraction by maceration with acetone, then the acetone extract was partitioned with n-hexane:methanol (1:1) and ethyl acetate:water (1:1) respectively. The isolation by liquid vacuum chromatography followed by column chromatography was obtained benzyl benzoate from the n-hexane fraction and crotepoxide from ethyl acetate fraction. The molecular structure of isolated compounds was identified based on NMR (1D and 2D) spectroscopic data. The antibacterial activity assay of isolated compounds was carried out using the disc diffusion method. The antibacterial evaluation confirms that the benzyl benzoate and crotepoxide exhibits a medium level activity. Benzyl benzoate showed highest antibacterial activity against B. cereus at the MIC of 50 μg/mL and inhibitory zone of 5.9 mm, while the crotepoxide showed highest antibacterial activity against E. aerogenes at the MIC of 100 μg/mL with inhibitory zone 6.1 mm.

scholarly journals ISOLATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITE COMPOUNDS AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES TESTS FROM HEXANE EXTRACT OF STEM BARK MELOCHIA UMBELLATA (HOUTT) STAPF VAR. DEGRABRATA K

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usman Usman ◽  
Muh Amir M ◽  
Nunuk Hariani Soekamto ◽  
Ahyar Ahmad ◽  
Maulidiyah Maulidiyah
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Separation And Purification ◽  
Inhibitory Zone

Objectives: This research aims to determine the content of secondary metabolite compounds and antibacterial activity of stem bark extract Melochia umbellata (Houtt) Stapf var. degrabrata.Methods: M. umbellata stem bark was extracted by maceration using methanol solvent. Separation and purification were done by partitioning, fractionation with chromatography, and recrystallization. Antibacterial activity test of hexane extract and third isolate from the bark of M. umbellata was done by agar diffusion method against bacterium Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Results: Phytochemical test showed that the hexane extracts of bark M. umbellata containing alkaloids and triterpenoids. Isolate D is a triterpenoid group compound, while FKa and FKb are steroid group compound. The hexane extract had the highest antibacterial activity against B. subtilis bacteria with inhibitory zone diameter 12.0 mm. Isolate D has a weak inhibitory effect on all test bacteria. The highest diameters inhibition zone of isolated FKa compound against B. subtilis and S. aureus bacteria was 18.0 mm and 13.0 mm, respectively, whereas, the highest diameter inhibition of zone FKb compound against B. subtilis bacteria with inhibitory zone was 12.0 mm.Conclusion: The FKa compound from the bark of M. umbellata has the potential to be antibacterial because the compound is able to inhibit bacterial growth with ˃14 mm obstacle zone, especially against B. subtilis bacteria.

Effects of concanavalin A on limb regeneration in the axolotl Ambystoma mexicanum

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1728-1732
Author(s):  
Steven R. Scadding
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Limb Regeneration ◽  
Ambystoma Mexicanum ◽  
Teratogenic Effect ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Con A ◽  
Higher Doses

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects, if any, of concanavalin A (Con A) on the process of pattern formation during limb regeneration in the axolotl Ambystoma mexicanum. Con A was administered to regenerating axolotl forelimbs in a Hydron disk that released the Con A slowly over a period of time. The results indicate that Con A is teratogenic to the regenerating axolotl limb, causing reductions in the number, size, and quality of skeletal elements present, with increasing reductions and malformations as the dose is increased. Low doses resulted in a reduction in the number of carpals or phalanges. Higher doses resulted in more drastic malformations, including the absence of digits. The implications of this teratogenic effect of Con A on limb regeneration are discussed in the context of the possible mechanisms of pattern formation.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activities of Perfume: Combination Flower Magnolia alba, Cananga odorata and Mimusops elengi L, Fixed with Pogostemon cablin Oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Rosnani Nasution ◽  
Azalia Izdhihar Azwar ◽  
Hira Helwati ◽  
Marianne
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Inhibitory Zone ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pogostemon Cablin ◽  
Inhibitory Power ◽  
Mimusops Elengi ◽  
Cananga Odorata

Abstract: The making of perfume from the combination Magnolia  alba (M. alba) flower oil, Cananga odorata (C. odorata) and Mimusops elengi L (M. elengi) fixed with Pogostemon cablin oil (P. cablin) have been done. Essential oil of M. alba and C. odorata was distilled by water distillation and extraction essential oil of M. elengi flower using n-hexane evaporated solvent method. Composition perfume through organoleptic test obtained with a ratio of 4% v/v, 4% v/v, and 2% v/v for each essential oil M. alba, C. odorata and M. elengi. Antibacterial activity of the perfume and each of the volatile oil was performed by the disc diffusion method. Antibacterial activity test showed that perfumes were able to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria, but less active. Antibacterial activity of the perfume was more active against E. coli with an inhibitory zone of 8.3 mm and 39.81% inhibitory power  than S. aureus bacterial 7.3 mm inhibition zone with 37.55% inhibitory power. Perfumes after storage for  one, and two months had better antibacterial activity than before storage with an average inhibitory zone of 11-15 mm and inhibitory power of 50- 68,18%.   Keywords: Antibacterial, E. Coli, C. Odorata, M. alba, M. elengi, P. cablin, , S. aureus  

scholarly journals The Activities of Plant Extracts Heritage of Melayu Culture-Riau Archipelago on Bacteria Causing Diarrhea

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-18
Author(s):  
Rodesia Mustika Roza
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Inhibitory Zone ◽  
Major Health ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Riau Archipelago

Diarrhea is one of the major health problems in Indonesia. Lingga Malay ethnic in Riau archipelago use alternative medicines in a form of a obat pahit potion to treat diarrhea. This research aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of obat pahit extraction against Escherichia coli ATCC 11775, Salmonella ATCC 14028 and Shigella flexneri ATCC 12022. Antibacterial activity can be seen with the formation of inhibitory zone using diffusion method. The extract concentration used were 100%, 75%, 50% and 25%. Based on the antibacterial activity test, the largest inhibitory zone against E. coli was found at 100% Cnestis palala extract of 8.29 mm and the smallest inhibitory zone was found at 25% traditional medicine practioner (TMP) 2 SP4 of 5.73 mm. The more over, the largest inhibitory zone to S. was found at 100% Bauhinia semibifida of 8.81 mm; and the smallest inhibitory zone was found at 50% TMP 2 SP4 of 6.30 mm. Antibacterial activity with the largest inhibitory zone against S. flexneri at 75% C. palala of 6.21 mm and the smallest inhibitory zone was found at 50% TMP 2 SP4 of 5.62 mm.

scholarly journals Fitokimia Dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Dari Daun KAF(Chisocheton sp. (C. DC) HARMS)

Jurnal MIPA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Florentin Natalia Melsadalam ◽  
Dewa Gede Katja ◽  
Meiske S. Sangi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Inhibitory Zone ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria

Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi senyawa metabolit sekunder  dari ekstrak daun kaf menggunakan tiga jenis pelarut yakni n-heksan, etil asetat, dan metanol. Ekstrak yang diperoleh diuji aktivitas antibakterinya dengan metode difusi yang menggunakan bakteri Staphylococcusaureus dan Escherichia coli. Dari hasil pengujian fitokimia, ketiga ekstrak tersebut menunjukan bahwa sampel mengandung senyawa; alkaloid, saponin, steroid, flavonoid dan tanin. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri  dengan metode difusi menunjukan hasil yang paling tinggi aktivitas antibakteri adalah  estrak etil asetat dengan zona hambat 35,75 mm terhadap bakteri  Staphylococcus aureus, sedangkan pada ekstrak metanol memiliki zona hambat 23,75 mm terhadap bakteri Escherichia coliResearch has been carried out aimed at identifying secondary metabolites of kaf leaf extract using three types of solvents, namely n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol.The obtained extracts were tested for antibacterial activity by diffusion method using Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. From the results of phytochemical testing, the three extracts showed that the sample contained compounds; alkaloids, saponins, steroids, flavonoids and tannins. Antibacterial activity testing with diffusion method showed the highest antibacterial activity was estracethyl ethyl acetate with 35.75 mm inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, whereas methanol had 23.75 mm inhibitory zone against Escherichia coli bacteria

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS TURMERIC, CHINNAMON, AND CLOVE AGAINST GM (+VE) AND GM (-VE) BACTERIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
MD ARIFUL ISLAM ◽  
MD SIDDIQUL ISLAM ◽  
MD ANWAR HOSSAIN ◽  
SULTAN AHMED ◽  
MD AKTARUZZAMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Blood Agar Plate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibacterial Resistance ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Objective: Various diseases are caused by different pathogenic microorganisms. Antibiotics are being used for treatment of these infectious diseases, yet unpredictable utilization of it leads towards antibacterial resistance. It is required to discover better approaches to battle against antibacterial resistance. Therefore, the study aimed to detect antibacterial sensitivity of ethanol extracts of Curcuma longa (turmeric), Cinnamomumzeylanicum (clove) and Syzygiumaromaticum (cinnamon) against Syaphylococcus aureus and E coli. Methods: Prior to sensitivity testing, ethanol oils were extracted by an electric blender and each of the bacteria strains were cultured onto blood agar plate. Antibacterial activity was tested by agar well diffusion method where three different concentrations (50 μl, 75 μl and 100 μl) of selected plants extract were used so far as to measure the inhibition zone. Inhibition zone of the ethanol extract of these plants were calculated where three were found to be sensitive against Syaphylococcus aureus and E coli. Results: Greater inhibition zone 14.5 mm, 18.25 mm, 21.5 mm at100 μl against Syaphylococcus aureus in case of cinnamon whereas the least inhibition zone was showed by turmeric and it was 9.00 mm, 11.00 mm, and 12.75 mm at 100 μl extract against E. coli. Conclusion: Overall, all the ethanol extracts were found to effective against these two bacteria but cinnamon can be used as more effective antibacterial agent in both human and veterinary field after the toxicological test.

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