scholarly journals PO-250 Exercise and dietary intervention reduce myocardial oxidative stress in male rats with metabolic syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chonglin Zhang ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Xiaomin Ding ◽  
Shaosheng Liu ◽  
Zhi Xia
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Regulatory Factor ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
Model Training ◽  
Pai 1

Objective Both aerobic exercise and alimentary control relieve oxidative stress (OS). However, there may be different modes. The objective of this study is to identify the effects of OS in metabolic syndrome (MS) rats and explore the mechanisms involved in aerobic exercise and alimentary control. Methods Seventy rats were used. Eight rats were randomly chosen for the control group, while the remaining rats were subjected to MS using a high-fat diet for 18 wk. The MS model rats were subsequently divided into the MHC (model control with high-fat diet), MRC (model control with routine diet), MHE (model training with high-fat diet) and MRE (model training routine diet) groups for 12 wk. The chemotactic factor macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), the adherence factor plasminogen activator inhibitor I (PAI-1), the oxidative stressor oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), and the antioxidative factor endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were tested in the serum; moreover, the expressions of MCP-1, PAI-1, and eNOS and the regulatory factor of OS Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARα) were detected in the myocardium. Results OS related markers in serum had changes following the interventions of aerobic exercise and/or diet control. Compared with C, the ox-LDL, MCP-1 and PAI-1 in the MS rats exhibited significant decreases (P＜0.05/0.01), and the eNOS had a significant increase (P＜0.05). Compared with MHC, the diet intervention alone significantly increased eNOS; when interventions of aerobic exercise but not diet control (MHE) were applied, they significantly decreased ox-LDL, MCP-1 and PAI-1 (P＜0.01); the applied interventions of both aerobic exercise and diet control (MRE) decreased ox-LDL, MCP-1 and PAI-1 and significantly decreased eNOS (P＜0.01). The MRE compared to MHE exhibited significant changes in MCP-1 and eNOS (P＜0.01). The mRNA levels of the processing markers of OS in the myocardium. Compared with C, the MS rats had significant increases in the chemotactic factor MPC-1 (P＜0.05) and the adhesion factor PAI-1 (P＜0.01), which indicated that MS rats exhibited enhanced OS. Moreover, the MS rats had an increased antioxidant marker of eNOS, which was not significant, and the regulatory factor of PPARα decreased (P＜0.01). Compared to MHC, the MRC rats exhibited decreased MPC-1 (P＞0.05) and PAI-1 (P＜0.05) and increased eNOS (P＜0.01) and PPARα (P＞0.05); moreover, the MHE and MRE rats decreased more in MPC-1 and PAI-1 (P＜0.01) with increased eNOS and PPARα (P＜0.01). Compared to MHE, the MRE rats had a further decrease in MPC-1 (P＜0.01) and PAI-1 (P＞0.05) with increased eNOS (P＜0.05) and PPARα (P＞0.05). Conclusions OS increased in MS rats. Moreover, aerobic exercise and alimentary control could decrease OS to reduce the damage in MS rats. The OS regulatory factor PPARα, which could mediate the expression of OS-related genes, such as MCP-1, PAI-1, and eNOS in cardiovascular tissues, was only enhanced by aerobic exercise and not by diet control.

Sleep apnoea and nutrition

2009 ◽  
Vol 302 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Nutritional Treatment ◽  
Nutritional Influences

In a nutshellPotential nutritional influences on sleep apnoea include: overweight, oxidative stress, inflammation, metabolic syndrome and high fat diet.However, so far weight reduction is the only nutritional treatment stemming from this list that is well supported by clinical trials.

scholarly journals Moderate Aerobic Exercise Training Prevents the Augmented Hepatic Glucocorticoid Response Induced by High-Fat Diet in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 7582
Author(s):  
Jonatan Dassonvalle ◽  
Francisco Díaz-Castro ◽  
Camila Donoso-Barraza ◽  
Carlos Sepúlveda ◽  
Francisco Pino-de la Fuente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Epididymal Fat ◽  
Glucocorticoid Response

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are critical regulators of energy balance. Their deregulation is associated with the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome. However, it is not understood if obesity alters the tissue glucocorticoid receptor (GR) response, and moreover whether a moderate aerobic exercise prevents the alteration in GR response induced by obesity. Methods: To evaluate the GR response in obese mice, we fed C57BL6J mice with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. Before mice were sacrificed, we injected them with dexamethasone. To assess the exercise role in GR response, we fed mice an HFD and subjected them to moderate aerobic exercise three times a week. Results: We found that mice fed a high-fat diet for 12 weeks developed hepatic GC hypersensitivity without changes in the gastrocnemius or epididymal fat GR response. Therefore, moderate aerobic exercise improved glucose tolerance, increased the corticosterone plasma levels, and prevented hepatic GR hypersensitivity with an increase in epididymal fat GR response. Conclusion: Collectively, our results suggest that mice with HFD-induced obesity develop hepatic GR sensitivity, which could enhance the metabolic effects of HFD in the liver. Moreover, exercise was found to be a feasible non-pharmacological strategy to prevent the deregulation of GR response in obesity.

scholarly journals Comparison of purple carrot juice and β-carotene in a high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet-fed rat model of the metabolic syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (9) ◽  
pp. 1322-1332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemant Poudyal ◽  
Sunil Panchal ◽  
Lindsay Brown
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Carrot Juice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
And Function ◽  
Β Carotene

Anthocyanins, phenolic acids and carotenoids are the predominant phytochemicals present in purple carrots. These phytochemicals could be useful in treatment of the metabolic syndrome since anthocyanins improve dyslipidaemia, glucose tolerance, hypertension and insulin resistance; the phenolic acids may also protect against CVD and β-carotene may protect against oxidative processes. In the present study, we have compared the ability of purple carrot juice and β-carotene to reverse the structural and functional changes in rats fed a high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet as a model of the metabolic syndrome induced by diet. Cardiac structure and function were defined by histology, echocardiography and in isolated hearts and blood vessels; liver structure and function, oxidative stress and inflammation were defined by histology and plasma markers. High-carbohydrate, high-fat diet-fed rats developed hypertension, cardiac fibrosis, increased cardiac stiffness, endothelial dysfunction, impaired glucose tolerance, increased abdominal fat deposition, altered plasma lipid profile, liver fibrosis and increased plasma liver enzymes together with increased plasma markers of oxidative stress and inflammation as well as increased inflammatory cell infiltration. Purple carrot juice attenuated or reversed all changes while β-carotene did not reduce oxidative stress, cardiac stiffness or hepatic fat deposition. As the juice itself contained low concentrations of carotenoids, it is likely that the anthocyanins are responsible for the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of purple carrot juice to improve glucose tolerance as well as cardiovascular and hepatic structure and function.

scholarly journals Ellagic Acid Affects Metabolic and Transcriptomic Profiles and Attenuates Features of Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Male Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 804
Author(s):  
Adéla Kábelová ◽  
Hana Malínská ◽  
Irena Marková ◽  
Olena Oliyarnyk ◽  
Blanka Chylíková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Brown Adipose

Ellagic acid, a natural substance found in various fruits and nuts, was previously shown to exhibit beneficial effects towards metabolic syndrome. In this study, using a genetic rat model of metabolic syndrome, we aimed to further specify metabolic and transcriptomic responses to ellagic acid treatment. Adult male rats of the SHR-Zbtb16Lx/k.o. strain were fed a high-fat diet accompanied by daily intragastric gavage of ellagic acid (50 mg/kg body weight; high-fat diet–ellagic acid (HFD-EA) rats) or vehicle only (high-fat diet–control (HFD-CTL) rats). Morphometric and metabolic parameters, along with transcriptomic profile of liver and brown and epididymal adipose tissues, were assessed. HFD-EA rats showed higher relative weight of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and decreased weight of epididymal adipose tissue, although no change in total body weight was observed. Glucose area under the curve, serum insulin, and cholesterol levels, as well as the level of oxidative stress, were significantly lower in HFD-EA rats. The most differentially expressed transcripts reflecting the shift induced by ellagic acid were detected in BAT, showing downregulation of BAT activation markers Dio2 and Nr4a1 and upregulation of insulin-sensitizing gene Pla2g2a. Ellagic acid may provide a useful nutritional supplement to ameliorate features of metabolic syndrome, possibly by suppressing oxidative stress and its effects on brown adipose tissue.

scholarly journals Aging Increases Susceptibility to High Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in C57BL/6 Mice: Improvement in Glycemic and Lipid Profile after Antioxidant Therapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéria Nunes-Souza ◽  
Cheila Juliana César-Gomes ◽  
Lucas José Sá Da Fonseca ◽  
Glaucevane Da Silva Guedes ◽  
Salete Smaniotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Old Mice

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been considered a novel component of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), with the oxidative stress participating in its progression. This study aimed to evaluate the metabolic profile in young and old mice with MetS, and the effects of apocynin and tempol on glycemic and lipid parameters. Young and old C57BL/6 mice with high fat diet- (HFD-) induced MetS received apocynin and tempol 50 mg·kg−1/day in their drinking water for 10 weeks. After HFD, the young group showed elevated fasting glucose, worsened lipid profile in plasma, steatosis, and hepatic lipid peroxidation. Nevertheless, the old group presented significant increase in fasting insulin levels, insulin resistance, plasma and hepatic lipid peroxidation, and pronounced steatosis. The hepatic superoxide dismutase and catalase activity did not differ between the groups. Tempol and apocynin seemed to prevent hepatic lipid deposition in both groups. Furthermore, apocynin improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in old mice. In summary, old mice are more susceptible to HFD-induced metabolic changes than their young counterparts. Also, the antioxidant therapy improved insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, and in addition, apocynin seemed to prevent the HFD-induced hepatic fat deposition, suggesting an important role of oxidative stress in the induction of NAFLD.

scholarly journals High-fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress in obese rats are ameliorated by yogurt supplementation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoumen Lasker ◽  
Md Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Faisal Parvez ◽  
Mushfera Zamila ◽  
Pintu Miah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

AbstractThe main objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of yogurt supplementation on fat deposition, oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis in the liver of rats with high-fat (HF) diet-induced obesity. Male Wistar rats were used in this study and were separated into the following four different groups: the control, control + yogurt, high fat and high fat+ yogurt groups. The high fat groups received a HF diet for eight weeks. A 5% yogurt (w/w) supplement was also provided to rats fed the HF diet. Yogurt supplementation prevented glucose intolerance and normalized liver-specific enzyme activities in the HF diet-fed rats. Yogurt supplementation also significantly reduced the levels of oxidative stress markers in the plasma and liver of HF diet-fed rats. Moreover, inflammatory cell infiltration, collagen deposition and fibrosis in the liver of HF diet-fed rats were also prevented by yogurt supplementation. Furthermore, yogurt supplementation normalized the intestinal lining and brush border in HF diet-fed rats. This study suggests that yogurt supplementation potentially represents an alternative therapy for the prevention of metabolic syndrome in HF diet-fed rats.

GC × GC-MS analysis and hypolipidemic effects of polyphenol extracts from Shanxi-aged vinegar in rats under a high fat diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 7468-7480
Author(s):  
Peng Du ◽  
Junhan Zhou ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Jiaojiao Zhang ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Inflammatory Stress ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

Polyphenols extracted from Shanxi-aged vinegar (SAVEP) can alleviate oxidative stress and inflammatory stress caused by high-fat diets, improving intestinal microbial disorders. SAVEP may be a novel treatment of the metabolic syndrome.

Effect of Aerobic Training and High-fat Diet on Enos and Ros in Testicular Tissue of Juvenile Male Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-289
Author(s):  
Parisa Norouzzadeh ◽  
◽  
Roghayeh Pouzesh Jadidi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Control

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of a course of aerobic exercise with a high-fat diet on eNOS and ROS in testicular tissue of adolescent male rats. Subjects and Methods A total of 40 adolescent male rats (30 days old) were randomized in the following groups: normal diet control, normal diet training, high fat diet control, and high-fat diet training. The high-fat diet rats were under a high-fat regimen (5.817 kcal/g) for 30 days, and then a normal fat diet (3.801 kcal/g) was continued after the 60th day of birth. Aerobic training was conducted for four weeks included three training sessions from the 70th to 98th days of life. Results The results showed that the amount of ROS in the testicular tissue of male mice was higher only in the high-fat diet group. Also, there was no significant difference between the groups regarding eNOS testicular tissue in male mice. Conclusion A high-fat diet increases the production of reactive oxygen species in testicular tissue and is not affected by aerobic exercise. Also, neither exercise nor a high-fat diet had any effect on testicular eNOS. However, due to the limitations of this study and no evidence in this field, further studies are needed on cell phenotype, sperm fate, and identification of pathways involved in the occurrence of oxidative stress and subsequent effects of eNOS activation in testicular tissue in response to exercise and obesity.

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