scholarly journals Peran Mikoriza Arbuskula pada Insidensi Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Batang Lada

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Halim Halim ◽  
Mariadi Mariadi ◽  
La Karimuna ◽  
Rachmawati Hasid
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
Important Constraint ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Pepper Plants

Stem rot or foot rot disease caused by Phytophthora capsici is known as an important constraint on pepper cultivation. Research was conducted to determine the effect of arbuskula mycorhizal fungi (AMF) on incidence of foot rot disease of pepper seedlings.  The experiment was done in the net house and arranged using completed randomized design with 6 treatments, i.e. (1) soil infested by P. capsici (TPC) as negative control treatment, (2) sterilized soil (TS) as positive control treatment, (3) TPC with 5 g of AMF, (4) TPC with 10 g AMF, (5) TPC with 15 g AMF, and (6) TPC with 20 g AMF.   Observation involved plant height, number of shoots, disease incidence, the percentage of AMF infection on the roots of pepper plants, and pepper plants dependence on AMF. The results showed that the application of AMF at a dose of 20 g per 10 kg of soil effectively suppressed incidence of foot rot disease and improve plant growth

scholarly journals Use of Bamboo Vinegar as an Alternative to Control Downy Mildew in Maize

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Muhammad Habibullah ◽  
Danes Suhendra
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Control Application

Introduction: Downy mildew control using pesticides has been used intensively and led to the onset of resistant strains. This research aims to find out the effect of bamboo vinegar administration on disease incidence, disease severity, disease progression, and growth of maize. Materials and Methods: This research was conducted from June to August 2020 in the laboratory and Screenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Tidar. The experiment was experimentally conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 3 treatments with 6. are plants. In each polybag used there are 3 maize so there are 54 plants tested. The treatment tested is of bamboo vinegar and maydis (negative control), of bamboo vinegar with inoculation P. maydis (positive control), application bamboo vinegar 2 ml l-1 with inoculation P. maydis. Observations on the agronomic influence of maize covering height, , and dry weight were analyzed using ANOVA at a significance of 5% followed by LSD test at the same real level using software R v. 4.0.2. Results: Bamboo vinegar showed lignification in the treatment of stronger bamboo vinegar in corn leaf tissue, did not decrease in disease incidence, but decreased the disease severity by 22.18% and decreased disease the progression by 34.74% based on AUDPC value. The growth of maize, bamboo vinegar-treated shows values are not significant negative control.

scholarly journals EPIDEMI PENYAKIT BUSUK PANGKAL BATANG LADA PADA KONDISI LINGKUNGAN YANG BERVARIASI

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
La Ode Santiaji Bande ◽  
Bambang Hadisutrisno ◽  
Susamto Somowiyarjo ◽  
Bambang Hendro Sunarminto
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Logistic Model ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Pepper Plant ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
Rot Disease

Foot rot disease epidemic on black pepper in variety of environmental conditions. The foot rot disease on black pepper caused by Phytophthora capsici Leonian, is often destructive to farmers of black pepper. This research aims to study the infection rate and the pattern of development of the black pepper foot rot disease in various condition of the environment. The research was conducted in the areas of black pepper cultivation in the Ultisol and Entisol soils. In each location plots were set with few (<25%) and abundant (>75%) weeds. Variable observed was disease incidence. The data were used to analyze model of development of the black pepper foot rot disease and infection rate. Results of the research showed that the model of development of the black pepper foot rot disease was not affected by soil type, but the type of soil affected the infection rate. At the pepper plantation with abundance of weeds, the disease development followes Gompertz model. At the plantation with few weeds, however the disease developed in a logistic model. The rate of disease infection on the black pepper plant with abundant weeds lower compared with those with few weeds.

scholarly journals Perlakuan Benih Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) dengan Rizobakteri secara Tunggal atau Kombinasi dapat Mengendalikan Phytophthora capsici dan Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Tanaman

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farih Najah Rosadiah ◽  
Satriyas Ilyas ◽  
Dyah Manohara
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Phytophthora Blight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Phytophthora Rot ◽  
Blight Disease

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Seed  treatment  of  hot  pepper  using  rhizobacteria  is  an  alternative  to fungicide  use  in controlling  phytophthora  rot  disease.  The  objectives  of this  research  were  to  evaluate: (1)  the effectiveness of rhizobacteria isolates in inhibiting Phytophthora capsici growth and (2) the effect of seed treatment using rhizobacteria on  plant growth,  and  incidence of phytophthora blight  disease. This  research  consisted  of  two  experiments,  all experiments were  arranged in  completely randomized design using one factor. The first experiment (in vitro) consisted of nine levels i.e. sevencombination isolates of rhizobacteria, metalaxyl and control. The second experiment (in the green house)  consisted  of  six  levels  of  seed  treatments  i.e.  ST116B rhizobacteria,  CM8  rhizobacteria, ST116B + CM8  rhizobacteria, metalaxyl, positive control  and negative control. Results of in vitro experiment  showed that  all  rhizobacteria,  single  or  combinations,  were  able  to  inhibit  P. capsicigrowth. The  highest  inhibition  were  shown  by  CM8,  ST116B  + CM8, and ST116B  consecutively.Seed treatments of hot pepper using ST116B, CM8, and ST116B + CM8 rhizobacteria increased the number  of  leaves  6  weeks after  transplanting  and  reduced  the  incidence  of  phytophthora blight disease.  There were no significant  differences whether  the rhizobacteria was applied  singly  or  in combination  of  the  two.  Rhizobacteria  ST116B was  suggested  for  pepper  seed  treatment  before planting.</p><p>Keywords: metalaxyl, phytophthora blight disease, rhizobacteria</p><p> </p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Perlakuan  benih  cabai  menggunakan  rizobakteri  merupakan  alternatif pengganti  fungisida dalam  mengendalikan  penyakit  busuk  phytophthora, yang  disebabkan  oleh  cendawan  patogen Phytophthora  capsici.  Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) mengevaluasi keefektifan  kombinasi  isolat rizobakteri  dalam menghambat  pertumbuhan  P.  capsici,  dan  (2)  mengetahui  pengaruh perlakuan benih dengan rizobakteri dalam meningkatkan vigor benih dan pertumbuhan tanaman, serta dalam mengurangi kejadian penyakit busuk phytophthora. Penelitian ini terdiri atas  dua  tahap percobaan, menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap satu faktor. Percobaan pertama (in vitro) terdiri atas sembilan taraf yaitu tujuh kombinasi isolat rizobakteri, metalaksil,  dan tanpa perlakuan (kontrol).  Percobaan kedua  (di  rumah  kaca)  terdiri  atas  enam taraf  perlakuan  benih  yaitu  rizobakteri  ST116B,  CM8, ST116B  +  CM8, metalaksil,  kontrol  positif,  dan  kontrol  negatif.  Hasil  percobaan  in  vitro, semua perlakuan rizobakteri baik tunggal maupun yang dikombinasikan mampu menghambat pertumbuhan patogen  P.  capsici.  Persentase  daya hambat tertinggi  berturut-turut  ditunjukkan  oleh  isolat rizobakteri  CM8, kombinasi isolat  rizobakteri  ST116B  +  CM8,  dan  isolat  rizobakteri  ST116B. Perlakuan benih dengan rizobakteri ST116B, CM8, dan ST116B + CM8 tidak dapat meningkatkan vigor  benih,  namun  secara  nyata  meningkatkan pertambahan jumlah  daun  pada  minggu  ke  enam setelah  pindah  tanam, dan menurunkan  kejadian  penyakit  busuk  phytophthora. Tidak terdapat perbedaan  nyata  pengaruh  rizobakteri  yang  diaplikasikan secara tunggal  maupun  kombinasi  dua isolat. Rizobakteri ST116B disarankan untuk digunakan dalam perlakuan benih cabai sebelum tanam.</p><p>Kata kunci: metalaksil, penyakit busuk phytophthora, rizobakteri</p>

scholarly journals Diagnosis and control of the cucumber root rot causes using some chemical and biological agents: تشخيص ومكافحة مسببات مرض تعفن جذور نبات الخيار باستعمال بعض العوامل الكيميائية والأحيائية

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Safaa Neamat Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Beneficial Bacteria ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
And Control ◽  
Gm Plant

This research was aimed to identify the causal agent of the root rot disease of cucumber in some provinces of Iraq, and evaluate its pathogenicity and control it using beneficial bacteria of Serratia odorifera (So) and Enterobacter cloacae (Ec) which isolated from the rhizosphere of healthy cucumber plants, and using silicon (Si) and copper (Cu). The fungus Fusarium solani was predominant, while its percentage of appearance was 80.0% with frequency of 46.2%, Isolate Bfs- 1 was most virulent which prevent germination of the cucumber's seed overall in vitro compared to the control. The bacterial isolates D6 and Q10 exhibited 100% percentage of inhibition against the pathogen in vitro. Results of bacterial isolates identification using Vitiq2 Compact System showed that they belong to S. odorifera and E. cloacae respectively. Under greenhouse conditions the quadrant treatment (So+Ec+Si+Cu) was superior in controlling the disease, while it exhibited 100% percentage of seed germination compared to the negative control (Fungus alone) which achieved 58.0% and the percentage of disease incidence and severity were 9.0%, 3.5% respectively compared to the negative control which were 90.0%, 66.5% respectively. And the quadrant treatment exhibited significant increase of plant growth criteria represented by the dry width of plant, while it achieved 2.69 gm/plant compared to negative and positive control which were 0.85, 2.16 gm/plant respectively.

Aktivitas Antifungi Air Perasan Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Terhadap Candida albicans Secara In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Nurhasanah Nurhasanah ◽  
Fauzia Andrini ◽  
Yulis Hamidy
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) has been known as traditional medicine. Shallot which has same genus with garlic(Allium sativum L.) contains allicin that is also found in garlic and has been suspected has fungicidal activity toCandida albicans. It is supported by several researches. Therefore, shallot is suspected has antifungal activity too.The aim of this research was to know antifungal activity of shallot’s water extortion againsts Candida albicans invitro. This was a laboratory experimental research which used completely randomized design, with diffusion method.Shallot’s water extortion was devided into three concentrations, there were 50%, 100% and 200%. Ketoconazole 2%was positive control and aquadest was negative control. The result of this research based on analysis of varians(Anova), there was significant difference between several treatments and was confirmed with Duncan New MultipleRange Test (DNMRT) p<0,05, there was significant difference between 100% shallot’s water extortion with othertreatments, but there was no significant difference between 50% shallot’s water extortion with 200% shallot’s. Theconclusion was shallot’s water extortion had antifungal activity againsts Candida albicans with the best concentration100%, but it was lower than ketoconazole 2%.

UJI EFEK ANALGESIK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KERSEN (Muntingia calabura L.) PADA MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN (Mus musculus) DENGAN INDUKSI NYERI ASAM ASETAT

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Triswanto Sentat ◽  
Susiyanto Pangestu
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Analgesic Dose ◽  
Muntingia Calabura

Kersen leaf (Muntingia calabura L.) contains tannins, flavonoids and polyphenol compounds allegedly have analgesic effect. The objective was to determine the analgesic effect of ethanol extract of kersen leaves and to determine the most effective analgesic dose. This study was an experimental research. Leaves were extracted with ethanol 70% and the analgesic effect test was divided into 5 groups: negative control treatment (distilled water), positive control (mefenamic acid 2.6mg/kg), kersen leaf ethanol extract first dose (100mg/kg), second dose (200mg/kg) and tthird dose (400mg/kg). Giving treatments by oral, after 30 minutes, the mices were given a pain inductor with 0.5% acetic acid by intra peritonial administration. Analgesic power was calculated by counting the number of writhing in mice for 1 hour. The results showed that the ethanol extract of cherry leaf has analgesic effect. From the calculation of the first dose analgesic power (42.9%), second dose (59.4%) and the third dose 69.9%. Statistical test results kruskal wallis value of p=0.011 (p<0.05) showed a significant difference between all analgesic treatment groups. The conclusion of this study is all of the ethanol extract had analgesic effects on male white mice, whereas a dose of 400mg/kg is the most effective analgesic dose.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI PARU TIKUS WISTAR SETELAH DIBERI PAPARAN ASAP ROKOK

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Novera Herdiani ◽  
Endah Budi Permana Putri
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Alveolar Macrophage ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Rat Lung ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Lung Histopathology

Abstract: Cigarette smoke is the main cause of lung obstruction. One of the obstructions in real that iscaused by cigarette smoke is oxidative stress. Oxidative stress trigger inflammation response occur andlung obstruction. Cigarette smoke able to cause lung histopathology changes like lungs obstruction onalveolus wall. Red dragon fruit extract tackle free radical then able to against the oxidative stress. Theobjective of this study to examines the image of rat lung histopathology under exposed cigarette smoke.Twenty four Wistar rats divided four groups: negative control, positive control, red dragon fruit extracttreatment of 7,2 g/200 g WB, and red dragon fruit extract10,8 g/200 g WB. Negative control only givenstandard feed. Positive control given standar feed and exposed 21 cigarette per day. Treatment groupgiven feed during 21 days. In the 22nd day rats be sacrificed, the lung taken out for observation andimage of rat lung histopathology changes by making lung organ histopathology preparationhematoxicillin Eosion (HE) staining and observed under magnification light microscope 400x. The endresult of the study indicate the finding of changes in lung histopathology such as obstruction level overthe lung tissue higher, alveolar macrophage covered alveoli after being exposed cigarette smoke. Groupwhich does not exposed cigarette smoke, lung alveolus macrophage in normal condition, there are noobstruction or alveolus macrophage occurred, its alveolar macrophage does no covering alveoli.Treatment group administered fruit dragon extract dose 10,8 g/200 g WB and dose 7,2 g/200 g WB seemalmost the same with negative control treatment. Conclusion of the research is cigarette smoke exposecan influence the number of alveolar macrophage on wistar rats. Suggestion very required furtherresearch on oxdative stress parameter.

scholarly journals UJI EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PEGAGAN (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) SEBAGAI ANTIDIABETES TERHADAP TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN (Rattus norvegicus) YANG DIINDUKSI ALOKSAN

PHARMACON ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 736
Author(s):  
Grace Laury Tulung ◽  
Widdhi Bodhi ◽  
Jainer Pasca Siampa
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Flavonoid Compound ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Decrease Blood Glucose ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT Gotu Kola Leaf (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) are known to contain flavonoid compound, and flavonoid are known to decrease blood glucose level by stimulating pancreas beta cells to produce insulin. The aim of this research is to find out wether the ethanol extract of gotu kola leaf (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) has the antidiabetic effectiveness or not. This research used Completely Randomized Design method. There were 15 rats used in this research that were split into 5 groups that is negative control (Aquadest), positive control (Metformin), and ethanol extract of gotu kola leaf with the dosage of 5.4 mg;10.8 mg;21.6 mg. The acquired data were analyzed with ANOVA test and LSD test. The analysis result showed that ethanol extract of gotu kola leaf had antidiabetic effectiveness against male white rat. Keywords:  Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, antidiabetic, Rattus norvegicus  ABSTRAK  Daun Pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) diketahui mengandung zat flavonoid, dimana flavonoid telah diketahui mempunyai kemampuan menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dengan merangsang sel beta pankreas untuk memproduksi insulin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak etanol daun pegagan memiliki efekivitas antidiabetes. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Tikus yang digunakan sebanyak 15 ekor dan dibagi dalam 5 kelompok yaitu kontrol negatif (aquadest), kontrol positif (metformin), dan ekstrak etanol daun pegagan dengan dosis 5,4 mg; 10,8 mg; 21,6 mg. Data yang ada dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji ANOVA dan uji LSD. Hasil analisis menujukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun pegagan memiliki efektivitas antidiabetes terhadap tikus putih jantan (Rattus norvegicus). Kata kunci: Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, antidiabetes, Rattus norvegicus

scholarly journals Penggunaan Kulit Nanas Fermentasi dalam Ransum yang Mengandung Gulma Berkhasiat Obat Terhadap Konsumsi Nutrient Ayam Broiler

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Wasir Ibrahim ◽  
Rita Mutia ◽  
Nurhayati Nurhayati ◽  
Nelwida Nelwida ◽  
Berliana Berliana
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Pineapple Peel ◽  
Nutrient Consumption ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Performance

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan kulit nanas fermentasi ke dalam ransum yang mengandung gulma berkhasiat obat terhadap konsumsi nutrient ayam broiler. Penelitian ini menggunakan DOC jantan strain cob umur 2 hari sebanyak 200 ekor yang dipelihara selama 42 hari. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. P0 = 0% tepung kulit nanas fermentasi (TKNF) dalam ransum mengandung 0% gulma obat(GO), (kontrol positif), P1 = 0% TKNF dalam ransum mengandung 2 % gulma obat (GO),(kontrol negatif), P2 = 7.5% TKNF dalam ransum mengandung 2 % gulma berkhasiat obat, P3 = 15% TKNF dalam ransum mengandung 2 % gulma berkhasiat obat, P4 = 22.5% TKNF dalam ransum mengandung 2 % gulma berkhasiat obat. Parameter yang diamati kandungan gizi kulit nanas sebelum dan sesudah fermentasi dan konsumsi nutrient. Pengaruh yang nyata terhadap parameter yang diamati dilanjutkan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan, Data yang diperoleh dari setiap parameter dianalisis ragam (ANOVA) menggunakan bantuan software SPSS 16.0. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan kulit nanas yang fermentasi dengan yoghurt dalam ransum yang mengandung gulma berkhasiat obat pada taraf 15% memberikan hasil terbaik pada konsumsi nutrient ayam broiler. (Fermented pineapple peel supplementation with addition of medicinal weeds on nutrient intake consumption of broiler chicken) ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of using fermented pineapple peel in the ration containing medicinal weeds on nutrient consumption and performance of broiler . Two hundred 2 days male broiler chicken cob strain were used in this study and kept for 42 days. Completely randomized design (CRD)was applied with 5 treatments and 5 replicates. Treatments consisted of P0 = 0% of fermented pineapple peels meal (FPPM) in ration containing 0% medicinal weed (MW), positive control). P1 = 0% of fermented pineapple peels meal (FPPM) in the ration containing 2 % medicinal weed (MW), negative control). P2 = 7.5% of FPPM in the ration containing 2 % medicinal weed (MW). P3 = 15% of FPPM in the ration containing 2 % medicinal weed (MW). P4 = 22,5% of FPPM in the ration containing 2 % medicinal weed (MW). The parameters measured was nutrien intake before and after fermented peel and consumption. The observed data were analyzed by statistical product and service solution (SPSS 16.0). Results showed that use of fermented pineapple peel meal up to 15% with addition medicinal weeds was the best on nutrient consumption of broiler chicken.

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