Ciri Morfologi Polen Dan Spora Tumbuhan Dari Sedimen Rawa Jombor Klaten

The Marsh of Jombor Klaten is a natural swamp that was once small swamps surrounded by villages and hills located in the lower mainland and serves to hold rainwater. Environmental has changed from the lowlands into the aquatic environmentand the more widespread the diversity of types of flora around the Swamp Jombor has been changed.The diversity of types of flora can be known through the morphology of the pollen and spores. The purpose of this research is to know the diversity of plant species based on morphology of pollen and spores found in Swamp sediment Jombor. Sampling is done by drilling sedimentary soil clays Swamp Jombor on three points with the first location code RWJ (3) at a depth of 2 m situated around the keramba, the second code RWJ (4) at a depth of 1.5 m, and third code RWJ (5) at a depth of 0.35 m located around the inlet.The sample preparation using method asetolisis, then morphological characteristics observed pollen and spores. Calculated the number of each type of pollen and spores.The data obtained were analyzed using pollen and spore morphology of description. The data obtained were analyzed using pollen morphology characteristics and description of the spores found in the swamp Jombor. The results showed that the morphology of the pollen and spores found in Swamp sediment Jombor has a variation of shapes and sizes. The flora type obtained from the sediments Swamp Jombor as much as 28 type, including 8 typearboreal pollen (AP), 9 typenon arboreal pollen (NAP), and 11 type of spores. Types of flora that dominates is the NAP family Gramineae (80,10%) which indicates the plant a tree instead of in the form of shrubs or herbaceous were more developed in marsh of Jomborenvironment. Keywords: Jombor, morphology, pollen, spore, diversity.

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Phytophthora Diversity in Pennsylvania Nurseries and Greenhouses Inferred from Clinical Samples Collected over Four Decades

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8071056 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 1056

Author(s):

Cody Molnar ◽

Ekaterina Nikolaeva ◽

Seonghwan Kim ◽

Tracey Olson ◽

Devin Bily ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Phytophthora Species ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Department Of Agriculture ◽

Distinct Subgroup ◽

Exotic Pathogens ◽

Diverse Plant Species ◽

Insight Into ◽

Diverse Plant

The increasing movement of exotic pathogens calls for systematic surveillance so that newly introduced pathogens can be recognized and dealt with early. A resource crucial for recognizing such pathogens is knowledge about the spatial and temporal diversity of endemic pathogens. Here, we report an effort to build this resource for Pennsylvania (PA) by characterizing the identity and distribution of Phytophthora species isolated from diverse plant species in PA nurseries and greenhouses. We identified 1137 Phytophthora isolates cultured from clinical samples of >150 plant species submitted to the PA Department of Agriculture for diagnosis from 1975 to 2019 using sequences of one or more loci and morphological characteristics. The three most commonly received plants were Abies, Rhododendron, and Pseudotsuga. Thirty-six Phytophthora species identified represent all clades, except 3 and 10, and included a distinct subgroup of a known species and a prospective new species. Prominent pathogenic species such as P. cactorum, P. cinnamomi, P. nicotianae, P. drechsleri, P. pini, P. plurivora, and P. sp. kelmania have been found consistently since 1975. One isolate cultured from Juniperus horizontalis roots did not correspond to any known species, and several other isolates also show considerable genetic variation from any authentic species or isolate. Some species were isolated from never-before-documented plants, suggesting that their host range is larger than previously thought. This survey only provides a coarse picture of historical patterns of Phytophthora encounters in PA nurseries and greenhouses because the isolation of Phytophthora was not designed for a systematic survey. However, its extensive temporal and plant coverage offers a unique insight into the association of Phytophthora with diverse plants in nurseries and greenhouses.

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Euphorbia mongoliensis (Euphorbiaceae), a new species from Inner Mongolia, China

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.501.1.6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 501 (1) ◽

pp. 151-161

Author(s):

ER-HUAN ZANG ◽

MING-XU ZHANG ◽

WEN-LE WANG ◽

CHUN-HONG ZHANG ◽

MIN-HUI LI

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Geographical Distribution ◽

Inner Mongolia ◽

Pollen Morphology ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Euphorbia Esula ◽

Morphological Data ◽

New Taxon ◽

Flora Of China ◽

A New Species

In May 2020, a new taxon of Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae was collected from a dry hillside of Dongsheng District, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia. The morphological characteristics of the specimens analyzed differ from those of the known Euphorbia species from this region; therefore, we suspected this may be a new species, and we set to analyze the ITS2 sequences of some Euphorbia species. The results show that the new taxon belongs to the sect. Esula of Euphorbia subg. Esula. It is similar to Euphorbia esula (description from Flora of China) but does not belong to the same species. Concomitantly, plant morphological data and pollen morphology results show significant differences between the new taxon, E. esula and E. caesia, a finding that supports the delimitation of this new taxon, which is named Euphorbia mongoliensis in accordance with its geographical distribution.

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HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PEMAHAMAN KARAKTERISTIK MORFOLOGI HEWAN DENGAN KEMAMPUAN MENGHAFAL NAMA LATIN HEWAN PADA SISWA KELAS X IPA SMA NEGERI 3 JEMBER

EDUSAINS ◽

10.15408/es.v12i1.13132 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 20-29

Author(s):

M Ubaidilah Hasan ◽

Ira Nurmawati

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Quantitative Approach ◽

Ex Post ◽

Ex Post Facto ◽

Kendall Correlation ◽

Level Of Understanding ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Morphology Characteristics

THE RELATIONSHIP OF STUDENTS' UNDERSTANDING LEVEL OF ANIMAL MORPHOLOGY CHARACTERISTICS WITH THE ABILITY TO MEMORIZE ANIMAL LATIN NAMES IN GRADE 10 IPAAbstractAnimal taxonomy subjects often use animal's Latin names. Many students think that this subject is annoying because it is dominated by memorizing animal's Latin names, even though memorizing becomes a prerequisite for understanding. Meanwhile, most of the language materials memorized need an understanding before the memorizing process. This study aimed to find a relationship between the level of students' understanding of an animal's morphological characteristics and the ability to memorize animal's Latin names at the Xth grade of IPA students in SMAN 3 Jember. This study used a quantitative approach with a type of ex post facto. The test obtained the data. Then it was descriptively and inferentially analyzed by Kendall correlation. This research indicated that 56 students who answered test of the level of understanding animal's morphological characteristics and the ability to memorize animal's Latin names resulted in a correlation coefficient of score 0.673, and significance 0,000 < 0.05. Therefore, if the level of students’ understanding of an animal's morphological characteristics increased, the ability to memorize animal's Latin names at the Xth grade of IPA students in SMAN 3 Jember also increased, conversely. AbstrakNama latin hewan sering digunakan dalam materi taksonomi hewan. Banyak siswa beranggapan bahwa materi tersebut membosankan karena didominasi oleh menghafal nama latin hewan, padahal menghafal menjadi prasyarat pemahaman. Sementara itu, sebagian besar materi bahasa yang dihafal membutuhkan pemahaman sebelum proses menghafal berlangsung. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengetahui hubungan tingkat pemahaman karakteristik morfologi hewan dengan kemampuan menghafal nama latin hewan pada siswa kelas X IPA SMA Negeri 3 Jember. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis eks post facto. Data didapatkan menggunakan instrumen tes. Kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dan inferensial menggunakan korelasi Kendall. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari 56 siswa yang menjawab tes tingkat pemahaman karakteristik morfologi hewan dan kemampuan menghafal nama latin hewan menghasilkan koefisien korelasi 0,673 dan signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05. Dengan demikian, jika tingkat pemahaman karakteristik morfologi hewan meningkat, kemampuan menghafal nama latin hewan pada siswa kelas X IPA SMA Negeri 3 Jember juga meningkat, begitupula sebaliknya.

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Flowers visited by hummingbirds in an urban Cerrado fragment, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/s1676-06032013000400001 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 21-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Waldemar Guimarães Barbosa-Filho ◽

Andréa Cardoso de Araujo

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Floral Resources ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Cerrado Vegetation ◽

Forested Areas ◽

Floral Form ◽

And Behavior ◽

Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽

Number Of Plant Species

Hummingbirds are the main vertebrate pollinators in the Neotropics, but little is known about the interactions between hummingbirds and flowers in areas of Cerrado. This paper aims to describe the interactions between flowering plants (ornithophilous and non-ornithophilous species) and hummingbirds in an urban Cerrado remnant. For this purpose, we investigated which plant species are visited by hummingbirds, which hummingbird species occur in the area, their visiting frequency and behavior, their role as legitimate or illegitimate visitors, as well as the number of agonistic interactions among these visitors. Sampling was conducted throughout 18 months along a track located in an urban fragment of Cerrado vegetation in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. We found 15 species of plants visited by seven species of hummingbirds. The main habit for ornithophilous species was herbaceous, with the predominance of Bromeliaceae; among non-ornithophilous most species were trees from the families Vochysiaceae and Malvaceae. Hylocharis chrysura was the hummingbird that visited the largest number of plant species and also attended the greater number of agonistic events. The high proportion (66.7%) of non-ornithophilous species visited by hummingbirds in the present study was similar to that found in other communities analyzed in Brazil. The fact that ornithophilous species in the area does not offer resources continuously throughout the year should induce hummingbirds to search for alternative resources, and contribute to the high proportion of non-ornithophilous species visited. In general, the floral form was not a barrier to floral visits by hummingbirds, although morphological characteristics of flowers from some plant species may be restrictive. Tabebuia aurea, for example, presents flowers with long corollas, hindering the access to floral resources by the pollinators, what may favor the occurrence of illegitimate visits by hummingbirds. Despite of being a small fragment of Cerrado vegetation, the studied remnant can be considered an important refuge, sheltering a great richness of hummingbird species comparable to several forested areas in Brazil.

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Comparisons on Calculating Methods of Total Daily Global Solar Radiation in Urban Area Based on Panoramic Images

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/201913605010 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 136 ◽

pp. 05010

Author(s):

Moyan Zhang ◽

Yan Liu ◽

Ruixin Chen ◽

Xiangfei Guo ◽

Weiqing Yuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Urban Area ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Global Solar Radiation ◽

View Factor ◽

Sky View Factor ◽

Panoramic Images ◽

Rayman Model ◽

Morphology Characteristics ◽

Tree View

In this paper, the total daily global solar radiation is tested at 18 locations with different morphological characteristics in Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology. PTgui is used to convert the panoramic pictures from Baidu Street Map to fisheye images. Sky view factor (SVF) and tree view factor (TVF) are calculated by Rayman model with fisheye images. SVF is used to calculate the total daily global solar radiation at the 18 locations with two different methods and TVF is used to classify the locations. The calculations and testing results are compared and combined the morphological characteristics. Then it is found that using suitable methods on different locations is necessary to obtain more accurate results whether the TVF (tree view factor) is more than 0.3 or less. To obtain solar radiation at different locations in the urban area, the calculating methods should be carefully chosen based on the morphology characteristics of the location.

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Phytoseiid mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on Myrtaceae in the State of S o Paulo, Brazil

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.516.1.1 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 516 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

A. C. LOFEGO ◽

G. J. DE MORAES ◽

L. A.S. CASTRO

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Mite Species ◽

Predatory Mite ◽

The State ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Phytoseiid Mites ◽

The Family

Eighteen predatory mite species of the family Phytoseiidae are reported from three sites of the Cerrado ecosystem in the State of S o Paulo, southeastern Brazil, on seven plant species of the family Myrtaceae. This paper provides a list of those species and compares relevant morphological characteristics of the specimens collected with those of the original descriptions and/ or redescriptions of the corresponding species. A key is provided to help in the separation of the species mentioned in the paper. Some of the species collected have been reported as common predators on dominant crops in the region where the work was done. Their occurrence on Myrtaceae plants found naturally in the Cerrado ecosystem indicates that those plants could represent important reservoirs of those predators.

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Spore morphology of Selaginella (Selaginellaceae) from China and its systematic significance

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.237.1.1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 237 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Xin-Mao Zhou ◽

Li-Jü Jiang ◽

Liang Zhang ◽

Xin-Fen Gao ◽

Zhao-Rong He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Scanning Electron Microscope ◽

Light Microscope ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Spore Morphology ◽

Systematic Significance ◽

First Time ◽

Scanning Electron

Using light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), the megaspores and microspores of 77 samples representing ca. 70 species of Selaginella from China are observed. Combing previous studies, the spore morphology of nearly all documented Selaginella species from China were reviewed. Based on the morphological characteristics in megaspores and/or microspores, we divided the spores of Chinese species into 15 types and three types are further divided into various subtypes. Each type and subtype are described in detail and a key to the types and subtypes of spores is given. For the first time, the systematic significance of microspores of Selaginella are discussed, and the results indicate that microspores of Selaginella are significant in the systematics of Selaginella. Some important morphological characteristics in spores (e.g., color, micro-sculpture, size, etc.), often been neglected in previous studies, are introduced. Some spore-morphological synapomorphies of the clades and subclades, identified by recent molecular work (Zhou et al. 2015a), are well established. Using the spore morphology, the delimitation of some taxonomically difficult species in Selaginella is assessed.

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Floristic and Eco-Morphological Study of Antibacterial Plants in Phytotherapeutic Practice of Kasai Oriental in DR Congo

Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research ◽

10.9734/jocamr/2021/v14i230241 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 19-41

Author(s):

M. M. Musuasua ◽

O. N. Kabena ◽

L. K. Kalanda ◽

D. M. Y. Masens ◽

P.T. Mpiana

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Traditional Healers ◽

Ethnobotanical Survey ◽

Indigenous Plants ◽

Bacterial Diseases ◽

Local Plant ◽

Region Data ◽

The University ◽

Trees And Shrubs

Aims: To make an ethnobotanical survey in the province of Kasai Oriental to identify the plant species used in the treatment of bacterial diseases; carry out a floristic analysis and determine their eco-morphological characteristics. Study Design: The surveys were conducted in the villages of all the territories of the Kasai Oriental province in RD CONGO for five years and nine months, from March 2013 to December 2018. The confirmation of the identified species was made at the Laboratory of the ISP Mbujimayi and Herbarium of the ecology laboratory of the Department of Biology of the University of Kinshasa. Place and Duration of Study: The surveys were conducted in the villages of all the territories of the Kasai Oriental province in RD CONGO for five years and nine months, from March 2013 to December 2018. The confirmation of the identified species was made at the Laboratory of the ISP Mbujimayi and Herbarium of the ecology laboratory of the Department of Biology of the University of Kinshasa. Methodology: Pre-established questionnaires were submitted to healers and potential patients living in the region. Data were collected on local phytotherapeutic practices in order to identify indigenous plants used in the treatment of bacterial diseases. The plants listed have been identified and their eco-morphological characteristics were determined. Results: From examination of the responses of 391 traditional healers and 1,485 residents and potential patients questioned, one hundred and sixteen plant species reputed to be effective against bacteriosis were identified. They belong to 19 orders, 39 families and 87 genera. Among these plants, only 6 families (Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Rubiaceae, Phyllanthaceae, Lamiaceae and Moraceae) provide 51.57% of the species used against bacterial pathologies i.e more than half. Woody plants (62.94%) predominate among the species used (27.59% of trees, 27.59% of shrubs). Wild savannah species (44.83%) and pantropical ones (32.76%) are the most numerous among the plants of Kasai Oriental which provide drugs against bacteriosis. Conclusion: The results confirm that several local plant species are commonly used to treat bacterial diseases in Kasai Oriental. Local herbalists use more phanerophyte plants from savannah and especially trees and shrubs.

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Biometrical analysis and thallus morphology characteristics of Placopsis antarctica from King George Island, Antarctica ( Short Communication )

Czech Polar Reports ◽

10.5817/cpr2020-2-13 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 161-168

Author(s):

Johanna Weiss ◽

Alla Orekhova

Keyword(s):

Short Communication ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Basal Part ◽

Digital Microscopy ◽

King George Island ◽

Biometrical Analysis ◽

Long Time ◽

Length Width ◽

Morphology Characteristics

Placopsis antarctica is an ornithocoprophilous lichen that has been for a long time confused with P. contortuplicata I. M. Lamb. In our study, we focused on morphological characteristics of P. antarctica thalli. We report biometrical data on dominant morphological structures of P. antarctica thallus: cephalodia, marginal lobes, sorediate pits and soralia. Thalli of P. antarctica were collected at the King George Island, Antarctica and analyzed in a laboratory using a digital microscopy approach. Central cephalodium was found rather elliptic then round-shaped. Mean length/width was found 2.424/1.720 mm. Marginal lobes were found wider at the apex (1.415 mm) than basal part (0.495 mm). Side cephalodia were smaller, their mean length/width was found 1.034/0.610 mm.

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First Report of Colletotrichum siamense Causing Anthracnose of Chili Pepper Fruit in Korea

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-10-20-2297-pdn ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Moe Oo May ◽

Mi-Reu Kim ◽

Dae-Gyu Kim ◽

Tae-Seok Kwak ◽

Sang-Keun Oh

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Chili Pepper ◽

Pathogenicity Test ◽

Disease Symptoms ◽

First Report ◽

Pepper Fruit ◽

Genes Encoding ◽

Reference Sequences ◽

And Control ◽

Morphology Characteristics

In October 2015, typical anthracnose symptoms were observed on approximately 15 to 20% of the chili fruits (cv. Manita) growing in Goesan County, Chungcheong Province, South Korea. Infection of fruits were characterized by the presence of circular, sunken lesions with concentric rings of orange conidial acervuli. Fresh samples were collected from the infected fruits and lesions from seven symptomatic fruits were cut into small pieces (5 mm2) and surface sterilized by soaking them in 1% sodium hypochlorite for 3 min, followed by rinsing thrice using sterilized water, and drying on sterilized filter paper. The tissue pieces were then placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and incubated at 25 ± 2°C with 12hrs photoperiod. After 2 to 3 days, single hyphal tips were transferred to fresh PDA and a total of seven isolates were selected from typical single hyphae. The upper surfaces of the colonies formed on PDA were white to gray in color with cottony mycelia, in which salmon-colored acervuli were clearly visible (Supplementary 1). Thirty conidia were examined; all were hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate, straight, mainly cylindrical with round ends, 12 to 17 µm long, and 3 to 4.5 µm wide. Appressoria were oval to irregular inshape, dark brown in color, and range from 9.5 to 11.5 µm × 6.5 to 7.5 µm in sizes. Morphological characteristics of the seven isolates were identical and resembled those of C. siamense (Weir et al. 2012). To confirm the identification of the fungal isolates, DNA from seven isolates were extracted (Cenis et al. 1992) and the genes encoding glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA regions, and β-Tublin-2 (TUB2) were partially amplified and sequenced. Sequences from all seven isolates were identical each other. Nucleotide sequences of ITS, GAPDH, and TUB2 from representative isolates CNU180002 and CNU180012 were deposited in GenBank under accession numbers MH085103, MH085105, and MH085107 for CNU180002 and MK033503, MK033504, and MK033505 for CNU180012, respectively. The sequences for all three genes exhibited 99 to 100% identity with C. siamense, GenBank accession nos. FJ972613 (ITS), FJ972575 (GAPDH), and FJ907438 (TUB2) for both isolates. A multi-locus phylogenetic tree with closely related reference sequences downloaded from the GenBank database demonstrated that these two isolates were aligned with C. siamense. Pathogenicity of isolates CNU180002 and CNU180012 was confirmed on healthy fruits (Manita) by using a pin-pricked wound/drop (1 mm depth) and non-wound/drop inoculation method (Oo et al. 2017) and control fruits were mock-inoculated with sterilized distilled water. Three fruits were inoculated for each isolate and pathogenicity test were repeated thrice. After inoculation, the fruits were placed on a sterilized paper tissue in moistened clean boxes with a relative humidity of approximately 90% and incubated for 7 days at 25°C in the dark. Disease symptoms were appeared 5 to 7 days after inoculation on wounded fruits whereas non-wounded fruits were observed after 10 days. The two isolates showed identical symptoms and control fruits remained symptomless. Both isolates were re-isolated from infected fruits and were identical to the original isolates in morphology characteristics as well as on molecular sequences of ITS, GAPDH and TUB2 genes. To our knowledge, this is the first report of anthracnose caused by C. siamense on chili pepper fruit in Korea.

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