scholarly journals Pengaruh Pencahayaan terhadap Kandungan Pigmen Tetraselmis chuii sebagai Sumber Antioksidan Alami

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Nada Kristiani Ginting ◽  
Sri Sedjati ◽  
Endang Supriyantini ◽  
Ali Ridlo
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Tetraselmis Chuii ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Tetraselmis chuii merupakan alga hijau yang mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti pigmen klorofil dan karotenoid. Pigmen klorofil dapat menurunkan risiko terkena kanker dan berpotensi sebagai antioksidan. Salah satu faktor eksternal yang berpengaruh  terhadap kandungan pigmen adalah cahaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh warna pencahayaan terhadap biomassa, kandungan  pigmen dan aktivitas antioksidan T. chuii. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah  rancangan acak blok dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Perlakuan pencahayaan yang diberikan adalah putih, merah, dan biru. Perhitungan kepadatan dan pengukuran parameter kualitas air dilakukan setiap hari. Pemanenan dilakukan pada saat fase stasioner hari ke – 4. Kadar pigmen (klorofil a, b dan karotenoid) dilakukan secara spektrofotometri dan uji aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepadatan sel tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan pencahayaan putih sebesar 95.800 sel/ml. Kandungan pigmen klorofil a dan klorofil b total tertinggi terdapat pada  pencahayaan merah (48,28 dan 40,86 μg/ml), serta karotenoid total tertinggi terdapat pada pencahayaan biru (6,70 μg/ml). Perlakuan perbedaan pencahayaan memberikan pengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap kandungan pigmen (klorofil a, dan b). Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak T. chuii  semua perlakuan tergolong sangat lemah ( IC50 lebih dari 200 ppm). Effect of Lighting on Pigments Content Tetraselmis chuii  a Source of Natural Antioxidants Tetraselmis chuii is a green algae which is containing bioactive compounds such as chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments. Chlorophyll may reduce the risk of cancer and potentially as an antioxidant. This research aims to know the effect of light colour  on biomass, pigment and antioxidant activity content of T. chuii. The research design used was a complete randomized design with three repetitions. The light treatments provided are white, red, and blue. Calculation of density and measurement of water quality parameters on daily basis. Harvesting is done during the stasionary phase at fourth day. Pigment levels (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids) were performed by spectrophotometer and an antioxidant activity test was performed by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrilhidrazil). The results showed that different colour lighting treatments had an effect (P <0.05) on pigment content (chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoid).The highest total chlorophyll content of a and chlorophyll b were found in the highest red light (48.28 and 40.86 μg/ ml) and the highest total carotenoids were in blue light (6.70 μg /ml). The highest cell desity in white lighting treatment is 95,800 cell/ml. Potential antioxidant activity of T. chuii extract for all treatments were very low (IC50 more than 200 ppm). 

scholarly journals Characterisation of phenolics and other quality parameters of different types of honey

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 244-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halouzka Rostislav ◽  
Tarkowski Petr ◽  
Zeljković Sanja Ćavar
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Radical Scavengers ◽  
Phenolic Profile ◽  
General Picture ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Mean

In order to provide a general picture of phytochemical characteristics of nectar honey, honeydew, and mixed honeys, an overall comparison of physicochemical parameters, and phenolic profile as well as antioxidant activity of various types of honey samples has been made. Among all samples analysed, honeydew samples possess the best quality parameters in the mean content of hydroxymethylfurfural, proline, and diastase activity. Moreover, the highest content of phenolic compounds as potential radical scavengers was found in honeydews, then in mixed and multifloral nectar honeys, while samples of monofloral honeys revealed the lowest, but still considerable amounts of natural antioxidants. The overall results of this study indicate that the quality parameters as well as the distribution of phenolic acids and flavonoids are affected by the type of honey.

COMPOSTOS FENÓLICOS E ATIVIDADE ANTIOXIDANTE IN VITRO DOS FRUTOS E FOLHAS DA GARCINIA COCHINCHINENSIS CHOISY

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 393
Author(s):  
Flavia Maria Vasques Farinazzi Machado ◽  
Flávia Aparecida de Carvalho Mariano-Nasser ◽  
Karina Aparecida Furlaneto ◽  
Adriana Maria Ragassi Fiorini ◽  
Rogério Lopes Vieites
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B

Sementes, folhas e frutos de algumas espécies do gênero Garcinia são amplamente utilizadas em várias partes do mundo para fins medicinais, e atualmente, inúmeros compostos fitoquímicos tem sido descritos neste gênero com potenciais efeitos antioxidantes e anti-inflamatórios. O objetivo deste estudo foi quantificar compostos fenólicos, e outros fitoquímicos, e atividade antioxidante das folhas e frutos da espécie Garcinia Cochinchinensis Choisy, conhecida como mangostão amarelo ou falso mangostão. Os frutos e as folhas utilizados no experimento foram obtidos do pomar da Fatec (Faculdade de Tecnologia) de Pompéia/SP, e a identificação da planta foi feita no Herbário do Departamento de Biologia da FFCLRP-USP. Foram realizadas análises de compostos fenólicos totais, flavonoides, carotenóides, antocianinas, pigmentos clorofila A e B, e atividade antioxidante por DPPH nas folhas e frutos. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com três repetições, e os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância (ANOVA) e teste Tukey usando o programa Sisvar (p<0,05). Os resultados revelaram valores expressivos de compostos fenólicos totais na polpa (469,6 ± 114,9 mg ácido gálico 100g-1) e nas folhas (3739,7 ± 310,5 mg ácido gálico 100g-1) da G. Cochinchinensis Choisy, quando comparados à outras espécies de Garcinia. As folhas apresentaram teores significativamente superiores de flavonoides (665,1 ± 122,9 mg de rutina 100g-1 e 104,6 ± 19,3 mg de quercetina 100g-1), quando comparados à polpa dos frutos (89,6 ± 14,7 mg de rutina 100g-1 e 14,9 ± 2,43 mg de quercetina 100g-1), porém a atividade antioxidante pelo radical DPPH foi maior nos frutos (90,6 ± 2,52 %). Diferenças significativas foram também observadas entre os frutos e as folhas para os teores de carotenoides, antocianinas e pigmentos clorofila A e B, sendo os teores destes fitoquímicos mais expressivos nas folhas do mangostão amarelo. Os teores de antocianinas foram baixos quando comparados a outros frutos do gênero Garcinia. Os frutos e as folhas da Garcinia Cochinchinensis Choisy apresentam expressivas concentrações de compostos fenólicos e flavonoides, além de alta atividade antioxidante total.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Mangostão amarelo, ácido gálico, flavonoides, antioxidante. PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF GARCINIA COCHINCHINENSIS CHOISY FRUITS AND LEAVESABSTRACT: Seeds, leaves and fruits  of genus Garcinia are widely used in various parts of the world for medicinal purposes, and currently, numerous phytochemical compounds have been described  that have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential effects. The aim of this study was to quantify phenolic compounds as  other phytochemicals, and antioxidant activity of leaves and fruits of the species Garcinia Cochinchinensis Choisy, known as yellow mangosteen or false mangosteen. The fruits and leaves used in the experiment were obtained from the orchard located at Fatec, Pompéia / SP), and the identification of the plant was made in the  Biology Department Herbarium, FFCLRP-USP. Analyzes of total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, carotenoids, anthocyanins, chlorophyll A and B pigments, and antioxidant activity by DPPH in leaves and fruits were performed. The experiment was performed in a completely randomized design with three replicates, and the data was  submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test using Sisvar program (p <0.05). The results showed significant values of total phenolic compounds in the pulp (469.6 ± 114.9 mg gallic acid 100g-1) and in the leaves (3739.7 ± 310.5 mg gallic acid 100g-1) of G. Cochinchinensis Choisy, compared to other species of Garcinia. The leaves had significantly higher levels of flavonoids (665.1 ± 122.9 mg of rutin 100g-1 and 104.6 ± 19.3 mg of quercetin 100g-1) compared to fruit pulp (89.6 ± 14. mg of rutin 100g-1 and 14.9 ± 2.43 mg of quercetin 100g-1), but the antioxidant activity by the DPPH radical was higher in fruits (90.6 ± 2.52 %). Significant differences on of carotenoids, anthocyanins and chlorophyll A and B pigments were also observed between fruits and leaves.  Yellow mangosteen leaves showed the most expressive phytochemical content. The levels of anthocyanins were low compared to other fruits of the Garcinia genus. The fruits and leaves of Garcinia Cochinchinensis Choisy present expressive concentrations of phenolic compounds and flavonoids, in addition, a high total antioxidant activity.KEYWORDS: Yellow mangosteen, gallic acid, flavonoids, antioxidant.

Pertumbuhan Cladocera jenis Chydoridae pada media kultur yang berbeda

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denovis Sambode ◽  
Henneke Pangkey ◽  
Sartje Lantu
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Period Data ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Medium Culture

The aim of this study was to find out the effect of different organic fertilizers on the population growth of Chydorus sp. This research was conducted at Laboratorium of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Fishery and Marine Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, from December, 2012 to January, 2013. The experiment was run in the Completely Randomized Design with 3 treatments and 3 replication. Chydorus sp. was cultured in 9 glass jars with a volume of 1 L each. Three treatments applied in this research included A: medium culture composed of 500ml of water and 50 grams of soil; B: medium culture composed of 500ml of water, 50 grams of soil and 10g of cow dung; C: medium culture composed of 500ml of water, 50 grams of soil and 10g of horse dung. The density of Cydorus sp. in each media was 10 individuals /500 ml water. Observation on the population growth, development of live preys, and water quality parameters was conducted for 20 days period. Data were statistically analized with Analysis of variance. The results showed the highest density of Chydorus sp. was reached by Chydorus cultured in medium with horse manure (2169 individual/500 ml), followed by medium culture with cow manure (1715 individual/500 ml), and the lowest in medium culture with soil which was 1065,33 individual/500 ml. However, Analysis of variances showed that Chydorus population growth were not significantly affected by different culture medium. Keywords: manure, liquid fertilizer, growth, Chydorus sp.

Seagrass depth range and water quality in southern Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 763 ◽  
Author(s):  
EG Abal ◽  
WC Dennison
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Light Attenuation ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Moreton Bay ◽  
A Site

Correlations between water quality parameters and seagrass depth penetration were developed for use as a biological indicator of integrated light availability and long-term trends in water quality. A year-long water quality monitoring programme in Moreton Bay was coupled with a series of seagrass depth transects. A strong gradient between the western (landward) and eastern (seaward) portions of Moreton Bay was observed in both water quality and seagrass depth range. Higher concentrations of chlorophyll a, total suspended solids, dissolved and total nutrients, and light attenuation coefficients in the water column and correspondingly shallower depth limits of the seagrass Zostera capricorni were observed in the western portions of the bay. Relatively high correlation coefficient values (r2 > 0.8) were observed between light attenuation coefficient, total suspended solids, chlorophyll a, total Kjeldahl nitrogen and Zostera capricorni depth range. Low correlation coefficient values (r2 < 0.8) between seagrass depth range and dissolved inorganic nutrients were observed. Seagrasses had disappeared over a five-year period near the mouth of the Logan River, a turbid river with increased land use in its watershed. At a site 9 km from the river mouth, a significant decrease in seagrass depth range corresponded to higher light attenuation, chlorophyll a, total suspended solids and total nitrogen content relative to a site 21 km from the river mouth. Seagrass depth penetration thus appears to be a sensitive bio-indicator of some water quality parameters, with application for water quality management.

scholarly journals Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Plants Belonging to the Cephalaria (Caprifoliaceae) Genus

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 952
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Chrząszcz ◽  
Barbara Krzemińska ◽  
Rafał Celiński ◽  
Katarzyna Szewczyk
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Antioxidative Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Phenolic Composition

The genus Cephalaria, belonging to the Caprifoliaceae family, is a rich source of interesting secondary metabolites, including mainly saponins which display a variety of biological activities, such as immunomodulatory, antimicrobial and hemolytic effects. Besides these compounds, flavonoids and phenolic acids were identified in Cephalaria species. Cephalaria is employed in traditional medicine e.g., to cure cardiac and lung diseases, rheumatism, and regulate menstruation. In this review we focus on the phenolic compound composition and antioxidative activity of Cephalaria species. The antioxidant effect can be explained by flavonoids present in all parts of these plants. However, future efforts should concentrate more on in vitro and in vivo studies and also on clinical trials in order to confirm the possibility of using these plants as natural antioxidants for the pharmacology, food or cosmetic industries.

scholarly journals Preliminary Characterisation of Wastes Generated from the Rapeseed and Sunflower Protein Isolation Process and Their Valorisation in Delaying Oil Oxidation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miluska Cisneros-Yupanqui ◽  
Vesela I. Chalova ◽  
Hristo R. Kalaydzhiev ◽  
Dasha Mihaylova ◽  
Albert I. Krastanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Protocatechuic Acid ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Protein Isolation ◽  
Phenolic Profile ◽  
Oilseed Crops ◽  
Sunflower Protein ◽  
Main Representative

AbstractSince rapeseed and sunflower meals are two of the most representative oilseed crops in the world, this study was focused on ethanol-wash solutes (EWS) obtained as wastes from the protein isolation process of rapeseed and sunflower meals. These meals have been previously valorised; however, the use of the EWS is unexplored. The present study is aimed at the characterisation of their phenolic profile, and antioxidant capacity for preventing lipid oxidation in rapeseed, sunflower, and soybean oil, which has been used as a reference oil. The sunflower EWS exhibited more total phenolic compounds (TPC) and antioxidant activity (119.39 ± 1.13 mg GA/g and 193.97 ± 9.77 mg TE/g, respectively) than the rapeseed one (103.44 ± 5.94 mg GA/g and 89.51 ± 3.17 mg TE/g). The phenolic identification showed hydroxybenzoic and protocatechuic acid in the rapeseed EWS, and pyrogallol and caffeic acid in the sunflower EWS, as the main representative phenols. Both EWS at 15% increased significantly (p < 0.05) the oxidative stability of the oils in the Rancimat equipment with values of antioxidant activity index (AAI) from 1.01 to 1.20, depending on the type of oil employed. In conclusion, the rapeseed and sunflower EWS showed great potential, and they could be used as a source of natural antioxidants within the food industry, replacing the synthetic ones, and promoting the circular economy since they are agro-food wastes.

scholarly journals Characterisation of Extracts Obtained from Unripe Grapes and Evaluation of Their Potential Protective Effects against Oxidation of Wine Colour in Comparison with Different Oenological Products

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1499
Author(s):  
Giovanna Fia ◽  
Ginevra Bucalossi ◽  
Bruno Zanoni
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
White Wine ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
White Wines ◽  
Accelerated Oxidation ◽  
Wine Colour

Unripe grapes (UGs) are a waste product of vine cultivation rich in natural antioxidants. These antioxidants could be used in winemaking as alternatives to SO2. Three extracts were obtained by maceration from Viognier, Merlot and Sangiovese UGs. The composition and antioxidant activity of the UG extracts were studied in model solutions at different pH levels. The capacity of the UG extracts to protect wine colour was evaluated in accelerated oxidation tests and small-scale trials on both red and white wines during ageing in comparison with sulphur dioxide, ascorbic acid and commercial tannins. The Viognier and Merlot extracts were rich in phenolic acids while the Sangiovese extract was rich in flavonoids. The antioxidant activity of the extracts and commercial tannins was influenced by the pH. In the oxidation tests, the extracts and commercial products showed different wine colour protection capacities in function of the type of wine. During ageing, the white wine with the added Viognier UG extract showed the lowest level of colour oxidation. The colour of the red wine with the UG extract evolved similarly to wine with SO2 and commercial tannins. The obtained results indicated that natural and healthy UG extracts could be an interesting substitute for SO2 during wine ageing.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT EFFECT OF NATURAL EXTRACTS FROM LEAVES, ROOT, STEM AND FLOWERS OF BACCHARIS LATIFOLIA FROM ECUADOR

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-84
Author(s):  
FAVIAN BAYAS-MOREJON ◽  
ANGELICA TIGRE ◽  
RIVELINO RAMON ◽  
DANILO YANEZ
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Potassium Phosphate ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibacterial And Antioxidant Activity

Objective: The increase in chronic and degenerative diseases and the use of synthetic antioxidants such as (butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) or butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)) are being restricted because they can be considered carcinogenic. Therefore, there is a growing interest in the search for natural antioxidants, especially from plants, due to their content in different bioactive compounds, such as antioxidants and antimicrobials. To evaluate the antibacterial and antioxidant activity of Baccharislatifolia extracts. Methods: For the determination of the antimicrobial activity of extracts of leaves, root, stem and flowers of Baccharislatifolia (Bl), the disk plate diffusion method was used, the strains of Listeria, Salmonella and E. coli were studied; antibiotics Penicillin G and Ciprofloxacin were the controls. For the antioxidant activity, a solution of H2O2 (Abs at 230 nm) was prepared in Potassium Phosphate Monobasic-Sodium Hydroxide buffer. Results: The antimicrobial activity against Listeria and Salmonella, showed that the extracts of leaves and flowers were more effective with inhibition zones>15 mm and>20 mm respectively. In front of E. coli, the extracts of flowers and stem were the best with zones>7.0 mm. Antibiotics studied inhibited the development of Listeria and Salmonella. However, E. coli isolates were resistant. In the antioxidant activity, the flower extract of Bl in 60 mg/ml presents a higher effect with 47.25%. Conclusion: Bl extracts from leaves and flowers were more efficient both in their antimicrobial and antioxidant capacity.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA FITOKIMIA DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK KASAR DAUN PEPE

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Dewa Gede Eka Prayoga ◽  
Komang Ayu Nocianitri ◽  
Ni Nyoman Puspawati
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Solvent Type ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

This research was conducted to identify the phytochemical compounds and antioxidant activity of pepe leaves (Gymnema reticulatum Br.) crude extract in various solvent types. The experimental design used in this research was a completely randomized design with solvent type treatments consisting of 5 types : aquadest, ethyl acetate 96%, acetone 70%, ethanol 70%, and methanol 95%. The treatment was repeated three times, so that 15 experimental units were obtained. Qualitative data obtained in this research were displayed with tables, while quantitative data were analyzed by variance and if the treatment had a significant effect, then followed by Duncan's test. The results showed that the treatment of solvent types affected phytochemical compounds that was extracted from pepe leaves and had a significant effect (P<0.01) on yield, total phenol, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity. The best results showed that 70% acetone solvents were able to extract phytochemical compounds from alkaloids, saponins, phenols, flavonoids, and steroids in the form of sterols and had the highest antioxidant activity based on 62.06% free radical inhibition percentage with IC50 values of 200.775 mg/L, yield 32.35%, total phenol 36.14 mgGAE/g extract, and total flavonoids 50.37 mgQE/g extract.

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