scholarly journals Confirming the Existence of the Kingdom: The Efforts of Territorial Consolidation and Formation of Cultural Identity During the Reign of Hamengku Buwana I, 1755 – 1792

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Sutarwinarno Sutarwinarno ◽  
Agustinus Supriyono ◽  
Dhanang Respati Puguh
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
National Archives ◽  
Puppet Show ◽  
The Republic

This article discusses the efforts of territorial Consolidation and formation of cultural identity during the reign of Hamengku Buwana I. This article is written using the historical method and utilizing primary sources in the form of VOC archives stored in the National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia and Java manuscripts stored in Yogyakarta Sultanate, as well as secondary sources in the form of articles and books. After Giyanti Agreement in 1755, Sultan Hamengku Buwana I attempted to consolidate his territory through negotiation, dispute settlement and law enforcement in order to preserve the sovereignty and territorial integrity of his kingdom. He also developed Ringgit Swargen, Yogyakarta style leather puppets that have the different shape from Surakarta style leather puppets developed by Surakarta Sunanate as one of the cultural identity of Yogyakarta Sultanate. The leather puppet show was used to control the areas that were in the territory of the Sultanate of Yogyakarta, as the leather puppet show performed outside the palace must obtain permission from the palace puppet master. The efforts of Sultan Hamengku Buwana I failed, due to the conflict that caused the war destroyed the boundaries and the peace agreement that had been made. 

scholarly journals Roles of the Crisis Management Initiative (CMI) in Aceh’s Reconciliation to Strengthen Indonesia’s National Integration After Tsunami in 2005

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Mujiburrahman Mujiburrahman
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The Social ◽  
Free Aceh Movement ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Republic

Crisis Management Initiative (CMI) is a National Government Organization that focuses on advocacy for sustainable security and conflict resolution. This organization was founded in 2000 by Martti Ahtisaari. Ge was the former president of Finland in 1994-2000. CMI was asked to facilitate negotiation between the Indonesian government and GAM (Free Aceh Movement), through personal contact between Farid Husain and Juha Christensen. Aceh conflict was a disintegration-oriented-conflict, so it was potential to threaten Indonesia’s sovereignty.This research used the historical method with heuristic, criticism or verification, interpretation, and historiography stages. The primary sources of data on this research were information in the media, both printed and electronic. Besides, this research also examined or reviewed the literary references that were related and relevant to the research topic. The study was to reveal how the background of CMI's involvement in Aceh peace in 2005, and how the strategic roles of CMI in resolving conflicts until the realization of Aceh peace in 2005 for Aceh remained a part of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI).The role of CMI as a reputable international institution and getting the trust of both parties, was capable of providing intervention to the conflicting parties so that its role became very strategic in mediating the conflict. The success of CMI was seen from the negotiation held in Helsinki Finland, resulting in the execution of the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on August 15, 2005, as a peace agreement. After the signing of the Helsinki MoU, armed conflict stopped, and the social lives were back to normal, and the development process could resume usually.

scholarly journals KASUS UJARAN KEBENCIAN DALAM BERITA SURAT KABAR DI HINDIA BELANDA

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Fajar Muhammad Nugraha ◽  
Reynaldo De Archellie ◽  
Cresentia Carra Nethania Clement
Keyword(s):  
Hate Speech ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
National Archives ◽  
Dutch East Indies ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Colonial Government ◽  
Historical Methods

<p>This article is a preliminary study that explores past events of the Dutch East Indies colonial government, specifically describing criminal cases of hate speech or haatzaai depicted in newspaper news between 1879 and 1942. The Dutch East Indies colonial government controlled freedom of thought, expression, and politics of the native population by using the legal instruments Wetboek van Strafrecht voor Nederlandsch Indie, especially articles 154, 155, 156, and 157. These four articles are known as haatzaai artikelen. This regulation was published and enforced in the Dutch East Indies in 1918. This article uses twenty-eight newspaper news articles published in ten cities on the islands of Java and Sumatra as the primary sources. This is research that uses historical methods by gathering primary<br />and secondary sources in the National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia (Jakarta), the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia (Jakarta), and the Constitutional Institution voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde (KITLV) (Jakarta). This article concludes that based on the news articles found, haatzaai artikelen, as a repressive legal product, is not only used<br />by the colonial government to control people’s behavior but also used by fellow members of the community of East Indies to quarrel with each other in many cases of hatred, incitement, and defamation.</p>

SEJARAH KAMPUNG PONDOL DAN KOMUNITAS EKSIL MUSLIM DI KOTA MANADO

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Allan Christian Kembuan
Keyword(s):  
Historical Method ◽  
National Archives ◽  
Colonial Archives ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Colonial Government ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Location ◽  
Dutch Colonial

Abstract: This research discusses the process of forming and developing of Pondol village in Manado as a location for exile along with the Dutch colonial government policy that placed exiles who came from several sultanates in Java in the Manado Residency during the 19th century. The discussion includes, first, the background of the exile of the Javanese aristocrats in Manado. Second, the process of establishing Pondol as a location for exile and its development during the XIX century, and third, the adaptations made by the exiles to adjust to their exile and the impact of their arrival on the Manado-Minahasa community. The historical method is used in this research, using colonial archives from the XIX century which are stored in the National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia, and local sources, especially manuscripts stored by their descendants in Manado and Java. The findings in this study are; Kampung Pondol was formed due to the isolation of Kanjeng Ratu Sekar Kedaton and Pangeran Suryeng Ingalaga and some of his followers originated from political intrigue that occurred in the Sultanate of Yogyakarta. Second, the reason why Kampung Pondol was chosen as the new location for exile by the Dutch colonial government for Javanese royal officials was different from the exile of other figures in Tondano and Tomohon. Third, the form of adaptation carried out by the exiles in Kampung Pondol Manado was marriage with women from Manado and relationships with Dutch people who lived around them.Keywords : Exile, Javanese Noble, Pondol Village, Adaptation. Abstrak: Penelitian ini membahas tentang proses terbentuk dan perkembangan kampung Pondol di Manado sebagai lokasi pengasingan seiring dengan kebijakan pemerintah kolonial Belanda yang menempatkan para eksil yang berasal dari beberapa kesultanan di Jawa di Karesidenan Manado pada sepanjang abad 19.  Pembahasannya meliputi; Pertama, Latar belakang pengasingan para bangsawan Jawa di Manado. Kedua, proses terbentuknya Pondol sebagai lokasi pengasingan dan perkembangannya selama abad XIX, dan Ketiga, adaptasi yang dilakukan para eksil untuk menyesuaikan diri di pengasingan serta dampak kedatangan mereka pada masyarakat Manado-Minahasa. Metode sejarah dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini, dengan mempergunakan sumber Arsip Kolonial kurun waktu abad ke XIX yang tersimpan di Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia,  dan sumber lokal terutama manuskrip yang tersimpan oleh keturunannya di Manado dan Jawa. Temuan dalam penelitian ini adalah; Kampung Pondol terbentuk karena Pengasingan Kanjeng Ratu Sekar Kedaton dan Pangeran Suryeng ingalaga dan beberapa pengikutnya berawal dari intrik politik yang terjadi di Kesultanan Yogyakarta. Kedua, alasan Kampung Pondol dipilih sebagai lokasi baru pengasingan Pemerintah Kolonial Belanda bagi pembesar kerajaan Jawa yang berbeda lokasi dengan pengasingan tokoh-tokoh lainnya di Tondano dan Tomohon. Ketiga, bentuk adaptasi yang dilakukan oleh para eksil di Kampung Pondol Manado dilakukan pernikahan dengan wanita dari Manado dan relasi dengan orang-orang Belanda yang tinggal disekeliling mereka.Kata Kunci : Eksil, Bangsawan Jawa, Kampung Pondol, Adaptasi.

scholarly journals USTAZ ABU BAKAR AL-BAQIR: ULAMA DAN PEJUANG KEMERDEKAAN TANAH MELAYU

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAMARUL AFENDEY BIN HAMIMI ◽  
AHMAD ZULLAILI BIN ZAMRI
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Religious Leader ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
British Rule ◽  
National Archives ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

Kertas kerja ini menganalisis peranan Ustaz Abu Bakar al-Baqir iaitu lama reformis tempatan yang konsisten menentang British sehingga terpenjara pada 1948. Beliau turut menubuhkan Maahad al-Ehya Assyariff untuk memodenkan sistem pendidikan pondok di samping meniupkan semangat kemerdekaan kepada pelajar dan masyarakat di sekelilingnya. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengetengahkan sumbangan Ustaz Abu Bakar al-Baqir sebagai seorang ulama dan pejuang kemerdekaan menentang British sekitar 1934 sehingga 1957 di Perak. Kajian ini berbentuk historiografi yang menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis kandungan. Dua jenis sumber digunakan dalam kajian ini iaitu sumber primer dan sekunder. Sumber primer adalah seperti mendapatkan dokumen dan fail di Arkib Negara Malaysia, sumber pejabat kolonial British di samping menemu bual ahli keluarga dan murid Ustaz Abu Bakar al-Baqir. Sumber sekunder pula diperoleh melalui buku, surat khabar dan kertas kerja seminar yang berkaitan dengan perjuangan beliau. Hasil kajian mendapati para pelajarnya terdedah dengan semangat kemerdekaan ini ekoran guru-guru reformis dari Indonesia yang terdedah dengan perjuangan menentang Belanda mengajar di Maahad al-Ehya Assyariff. Selain itu, hubungan baik Ustaz Abu Bakar al-Baqir dengan Ibrahim Yaakub selaku penggerak Kesatuan Melayu Muda (KMM) dan Dr. Burhanuddin al-Helmy yang memimpin Parti Kebangsaan Melayu Muda (PKMM) menjadikan Maahad al-Ehya Assyariff sebagai markas politik menentang British sehingga tertubuhnya Parti Hizbul Muslimin di bawah pimpinan Ustaz Abu Bakar al-Baqir. Kata kunci: Maahad al-Ehya Assyariff, Hizbul Muslimin, British, Kaum Muda, Parti Kebangsaan Melayu Malaya (PKMM), Kesatuan Melayu Muda (KMM). This paper attempts to analyze the role played by Ustaz Abu Bakar al-Baqir, a local reformist religious leader who consistently opposed the British until he was imprisoned by them in 1948. He established the Maahad al-Ehya Assyariff with the aim of modernizing the religious education system besides stoking the spirit of freedom among his students and the society around him. The objective of this study is to highlight the contributions of Ustaz Abu Bakar al-Baqir as a religious leader as well as a freedom fighter who opposed British rule in Perak from around 1934 until 1957. This is a historiographical research which uses qualitative methodology with a content analysis approach. Two different sources of information are used for this study namely primary and secondary sources. Primary sources include documents and files from the Malaysian National Archives and official documents from the British Colonial office, besides interviewing family members as well as former students of Ustaz Abu Bakar al-Baqir. On the other hand, secondary sources include books, newspapers and seminar report relating to his struggle. The findings of the study show that his students were exposed to the struggle for Independence through the direct influence of the reformist teachers from Indonesia who were teaching at the Maahad al-Ehya Assyariff. These teachers had already been involved in the fight against the Dutch colonialists in Indonesia. In addition to this, the close relationship of Ustaz Abu Bakar al-Baqir with Ibrahim Yaakub, the primemover of Kesatuan Melayu Muda (KMM) and Dr. Burhanuddin al-Helmy, the leader of Parti Kebangsaan Melayu Muda (PKMM), projected Maahadal-Ehya Assyariff as the political front that opposed British rule until the founding of the Parti Hizbul Muslimin under the leadership of Ustaz Abu Bakar al-Baqir. Keywords: Maahad al-Ehya Assyariff, Hizbul Muslimin, British, Kaum Muda, Malay Nationalist Party (MNP), Young Malays Union.

scholarly journals The pride of the Kazan school of microbiology is Professor Rudolf Robertovich Geltzer and his students (on the 130th anniversary)

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Sh Isaeva ◽  
M V Stremoukhova ◽  
I A Bazikov ◽  
I V Kartashev ◽  
A V Kartashev
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
National Archives ◽  
University Professor ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Scientific Achievements

The article was prepared for the 130th anniversary of the Head of the Department of Microbiology of Kazan State Medical University, Professor Rudolf Robertovich Geltzer. The milestones of R.R.Geltzers biography, and highlights the historical aspects of the formation of the Kazan school of microbiologists, which he represented are shown. The paper was prepared using primary sources scientific articles and monographs published in the period of his activity, memories of colleagues from the Stavropol State Medical University, archival materials of the Department of Microbiology named after V.M.Aristovsky of Kazan State Medical University, as well as the National Archives of the Republic of Tatarstan. The main scientific achievements of R.R.Geltzer and his scientific contribution to the development of microbiology as one of the founders of the teaching of spirochetosis are described. The description of experimental studies on the development of culture medium for the isolation of Treponema pallidum, the search methods for diagnosing syphilis and other aspects of the scientific activity of R.R.Geltzer and his students is presented.

The political engagement of women in post-conflict Kosovo

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-149
Author(s):  
Paulina Szeląg
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Female Presidents ◽  
Female Politicians ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Political Scene ◽  
Central Level

The Republic of Kosovo was created several years after the breakup of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Its problems were visible during Josip Broz Tito’s presidency. Over the last ten years Kosovo has had two female presidents. The question is, what is the position of women on the Kosovan political scene? This phenomenon is particularly significant from the point of view of the post-conflict reconstruction of the state. The aim of this article is to analyse the evolution of the role of Kosovo Albanian women in the politics of Kosovo at the central level. For this reason, the article includes women involved in the armed conflict in Kosovo, especially in the activities of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA, alb. Ushtria Çlirimtare e Kosovës, UÇK). The author also presents the role of women in the Kosovan political arena since 1999, with particular emphasis on changes that took place after the declaration of independence of Kosovo. Furthermore, the author examines the profiles of selected female politicians. The article is based on an analysis of primary and secondary sources, the comparative and historical method, and an analysis of statistical data.

scholarly journals The role of A. Makhmudov and Sh. Tagirov in the revival of book art traditions in the culture of the Middle Volga Region Tatars

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-398
Author(s):  
Firdaus G. Vagapova ◽  
◽  
Lyudmila S. Timofeeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Arts ◽  
Book Art ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
National Archives ◽  
Rare Books ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Local Traditions ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The article explores the period of reviving the art of calligraphy and handwritten book art in the Tatar culture, which falls on the end of the XIX century and is associated with the names of A. Makhmudov and Sh. Tagirov. The authors of the article presented the genesis and revealed the stages of calligraphy and hand-written book art formation in the culture of the Tatars. The article provides an art criticism analysis of the manuscript book art works included in the creative heritage of A. Makhmudov and Sh. Tagirov. A contrastive-comparative analysis led to a conclusion that the traditions of Iranian, Turkish and Dagestanian handwritten book art which were processed by Kazan calligraphers. That allowed them to develop local traditions of handwritten art. The study is based on the analysis of collections of manuscript monuments, including paperwork (khan labels) and books (of religious, scientific, literary and artistic content) from the collections of the Department of Manuscript and Rare Books of Kazan Federal University’s N.I. Lobachevsky Scientific Library, the Center for Written and Musical Heritage of G. Ibragimov Institute of the Language, Literature and Arts of the Republic of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, the Department of Rare Books and Manuscripts of the Republic of Tatarstan National Library, the National Museum of the Republic of Tatarstan, the National Archives of the Republic of Tatarstan, the Graphics Department of the Republic of Tatarstan State Museum of Fine Arts. The article is based on a comprehensive study of the material; to conduct the analysis, analytical methods of research have been applied. The priority is given to the classical comparative-historical method which includes synchronous and diachronous analysis. In addition, general scientific art and cultural studies methods and approaches were implemented: the genetic one, for instance, allows making a diachronous section and tracing the process of book art formation.

scholarly journals Barrier To Entry Dalam Kebijakan Undang-Undang Nomor 33 Tahun 2014 Tentang Jaminan Produk Halal Menurut Putusan Dispute Settlement Body Nomor 484 Tentang Kasus Impor Daging Ayam Dan Olahan Daging Ayam Oleh Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-88
Author(s):  
Ahmad Farhan Hadad ◽  
Hasanudin Hasanudin ◽  
Indra Rahmatullah
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Trade Law ◽  
International Trade Law ◽  
Barrier To Entry ◽  
Binding Power ◽  
The Impact

The main problem in this article is how the implementation of halal product guarantees creates a barrier to entry based on Law Number 33 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Guarantee according to the Dispute Settlement Body Decision number 484. The research method uses a juridical normative approach. Juridical normative research has two sources of law, namely primary and secondary sources of law. Primary sources of law refer to the Dispute Settlement Body Decision Number 484 and Law Number 33 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Guarantee. The secondary source of law refers to the book by Huala Adolf entitled International Trade Law. The results of the study indicate that the Dispute Settlement Body decision has binding power for the Indonesian state because Indonesia is part of the WTO. This decision also gave the impact of creating uncertainty in the law, especially regarding the Halal Product Guarantee. The efforts of the Indonesian state to protect the Halal Product Guarantee by making an appeal to the Dispute Settlement Body, although the results are still not in accordance with what Indonesia wants.

Advertising in Russian periodicals at the turn of the communist era

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Y. Sheresheva ◽  
Anton A. Antonov-Ovseenko
Keyword(s):  
Primary Sources ◽  
Print Advertising ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Miracle ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Research Analysis

Purpose – This paper aims to document and analyze the development of Russian print advertising at the turn of the Communist era. It provides an overview of Russian print advertising in 1917 as compared with the previous decades of the “Russian economic miracle”. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses a historical method based on archival research. Analysis of primary sources in this paper is used in conjunction with secondary sources available. Findings – The amount and quality of advertising in Russian newspapers in 1917 is described. The decline of the “Russian economic miracle” print advertising is confirmed. The findings in this paper also change the previous perception of events in Russia in 1917, as well as in the history of Russian advertising. Originality/value – There has been little research on Russian advertising between the end of the Russian Empire and the early Soviet era, and there is no written history of advertising in Russian periodicals in 1917. Therefore, this paper adds to the literature on the history of advertising at the beginning of the twentieth century.

scholarly journals “Acusamos o recebimento do vosso ofício”: o Conselho de Intendência do Serro e a intrução pública da República, de 1890 a 1892 / "We accept the receipt of your office": the Serro Intendance Council and the public instruction of the Republic, 1890 to 1892

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Danilo Arnaldo Briskievicz
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
New Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
Benjamin Constant ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republican Education ◽  
Public Instruction

Analisamos a conjuntura de criação e funcionamento do Conselho de Intendência do Serro no período de 23 de janeiro de 1890 a 07 de março de 1892, em especial sua Inspeção Municipal, responsável pelo novo projeto modernizador da instrução pública no município-sede e seus distritos. Discutimos a respeito dos conflitos inerentes ao novo projeto de instrução pública considerando quatro pontos: o primeiro é como o ideário positivista da modernização da instrução pública se manifestou; o segundo é como a imensidade geográfica do município e de seus distritos afetou o projeto renovador; o terceiro é como o funcionamento burocrático através de documentos se dava no contexto (impactado pelas reformas de Leôncio de Carvalho, de 1879 e de Benjamin Constant, iniciada em 1890) e o quarto é o embate republicano na imprensa serrana. A metodologia utilizada é a de pesquisa documental das fontes primárias do Conselho de Intendência do Arquivo de Câmara do IPHAN Serro, bem como de fontes primárias e secundárias da história do Serro, de Minas Gerais e do Brasil, como leis, decretos, portarias, recibos de obras e livros, além de fontes secundárias de autores ligados à história da educação imperial e republicana para ampliação conceitual do contexto pesquisado. Espera-se como resultado oferecer uma contribuição para a história da educação no Brasil republicano. * * *We analyze the creation and functioning of the Serro Council Intendance of from January 23, 1890 to March 7, 1892, in particular its Municipal Inspection, responsible for the new modernization project of public education in the city and its districts. We discussed the conflicts inherent in the new public education project considering four points: the first is how the positivist ideology of the modernization of public instruction manifested itself; the second is how the geographical immensity of the municipality and its districts affected the renovating project; the third is how the bureaucratic operation through documents occurred in the context (impacted by the reforms of Leôncio de Carvalho, 1879 and Benjamin Constant, begun in 1890) and the fourth is the republican clash in the mountain press. The methodology used is documentary research of the primary sources of the Council of Intendance of the Chamber Archive of IPHAN Serro, as well as primary and secondary sources in the history of Serro, Minas Gerais and Brazil, such as laws, decrees, ordinances, receipts works and books, as well as secondary sources of authors related to the history of imperial and republican education for conceptual extension of the researched context. As a result, it is expected to contribute to the history of education in republican Brazil.

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