scholarly journals Expression of TTF-1 And CK-7 in the Diagnosis of Pleural Effusion Cytology Suspected Lung Adencarcinoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Patricia Diana Prasetiyo ◽  
Ika Pawitra ◽  
Indra Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Large Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
P Value ◽  
Lung Malignancy ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test ◽  
Observational Study Design

Background : Lung cancer is the mayor disease that cause death worldwide including Indonesia especially Nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) consisting of adenocarcinoma, squamus carcinoma (SqCCA) and large cell carcinoma. Incidency of lung adenocarcinoma continues to rise recently about 40% of all NSCLC.Methods : Descriptive observational study design. The study population included the patients who were hospitalized at Kariadi central hospital in Semarang and had thorax X-ray or CT scan of thorax with a diagnosis of suspected lung malignancy, at the period of January 2012 – 2013. The variables assessed are expression of TTF-1 and CK-7.Result : A total of 20 samples subjected to Pearson correlation test with result of p value = < 0,001 and r = 0,867. Presentation of the highest expression TTF-1 in the all study sample is Adenocarcinoma 73,3% and highest expression CK-7 is also Adenocarcinoma 68,6%.Conclusion : Immunocytochemistry of TTF-1 and CK-7 can be used to determine Adenocarcinoma malignancy on cytological sample of suspected malignant pleural effusion

Introduction to Neoplasms of the Lung and Tracheobronchial Tree

Chest Imaging ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 253-255
Author(s):  
Melissa L. Rosado-de-Christenson
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Lung Neoplasm ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Large Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Tracheobronchial Tree ◽  
Pulmonary Neoplasms ◽  
Lung Malignancy

The introduction to neoplasms of the lung and tracheobronchial tree addresses the different types of malignant and benign neoplasms of the lung. The most common primary lung neoplasm is lung cancer. It represents the most common cause of cancer mortality in American men and women. Lung cancer is comprised by four major cell types including adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma. Many patients with lung cancer are symptomatic at presentation and most present with advanced disease. Lung cancer has a variety of imaging manifestations including nodules, masses, post-obstructive atelectasis/pneumonia, intrathoracic lymphadenopathy, extrapulmonary involvement and/or metastatic disease. Carcinoid tumor is an uncommon primary lung malignancy that often affects the airways, but typically exhibits an indolent behavior. Benign pulmonary neoplasms are rare and include neoplasms of the lung and airways such as hamartoma and endobronchial mesenchymal neoplasms. Pulmonary metastases are probably the most common pulmonary neoplasms and usually manifest as multifocal pulmonary nodules and masses.

scholarly journals Hubungan kadar HbA1C dengan estimasi filtrasi glomerulus pada pasien DM tipe 2

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rixi Gahung ◽  
Karel Pandelaki ◽  
Emma Sy. Moeis
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Hba1c Level ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
High Hba1c ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is still increasing in number in the future. Type 2 diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) often appears in adults and the cause is due to a shortage of the hormone insulin on a relative basis, generally appears slowly and gradually worsens. One of the parameters to control blood sugar level is HbA1c. The high HbA1c increases the risks and complications in T2DM patients. This study aimed to obtain the relationship between HbA1c level and GFR among T2DM patients. This was an analytical study using the patient's medical record data. This study was conducted at the Endocrine Clinic and Heart and Hypertension Clinic with a total samples of 65 patients. The results showed that of the 65 subjects, there were 40 male patients and 25 female patients. The Pearson correlation test showed that the relationship of the HbA1c level and GFR had a p value = 0.05 > 0.462 and the correlation r = 0.093. Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between HbA1c level and GFR in type 2 DM patients. Keywords: HbA1c, GFR, type 2 DM Abtsrak: Diabetes merupakan suatu penyakit tidak menular yang akan terus meningkat jumlahnya di masa datang. Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 (DMT2) sering muncul pada orang dewasa dan penyebabnya oleh karena kekurangan hormon insulin secara relatif , umumnya muncul perlahan dan secara bertahap akan bertambah berat. Salah satu parameter kontrol kadar gula darah ialah HbA1c. Jika HbA1c meningkat terjadi pula peningkatan resiko komplikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar HbA1c dengan eLFG pada pasien DMT2. Jenis penelitian ini analitik dengan mengevaluasi data rekam medik pasien. Penelitian dilakukan di Poliklinik Endokrin dan Poliklinik Jantung dan Hipertensi dengan jumlah subyek penelitian 65 pasien DMT2. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari 65 orang subjek terdapat 40 laki-laki dan 25 perempuan. Untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan kadar HbA1c dengan LFG digunakan analisis bivariat Pearson correlation yang mendapatkan nilai p hitung = 0,462> 0,05 dengan kekuatan korelasi r = 0,093. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kadar HbA1c dengan eLFG pada pasien DM tipe 2.Kata kunci: HbA1c, eLFG, DM tipe 2

scholarly journals Anode heel effect application with step wedge against effect of signal to noise ratio in computed radiography

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Ni Nyoman Ratini ◽  
I Made Yuliara ◽  
Windaryoto Windaryoto
Keyword(s):  
Computed Radiography ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Correlation Test ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test ◽  
R Value ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
Heel Effect

It was researched on the application of Anoda Heel Effect (AHE) with a step wedge on the effect of Signal To Noise Ratio (SNR) on Computed Radiography (CR) has been carried out. This research was conducted on a 21 step wedge with two treatments, namely the application of AHE and without the application of AHE. This measurement is repeated three times on radiographs to obtain a total image of six images (without the application of AHE as many as three images and with the application of AHE as many as three images). The results of taking radiographs using AHE and without AHE were measured using the RadiAnt Dicom Viewer program. The SNR value on the step wedge image without the AHE application has an average of 26.89. The SNR value on the step wedge image using AHE is 60.54. The results of the correlation test (Pearson correlation test) on the SNR showed that there was a significant and very strong effect of the application of AHE on the step wedge on the SNR in CR (p-value <0.001 and the R-value ranging from 0.600 to 0.799).

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN ORANG TUA DENGAN KEBERSIHAN GIGI DAN MULUT ANAK DI TK TUNAS BHAKTI MANADO

e-GIGI ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Triska Yolanda Worang ◽  
Damajanti H. C. Pangemanan ◽  
Dinar A. Wicaksono
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Abstract: Domain knowledge is very important for the formation of one's actions. Knowledge of parents is very important in the formation of the underlying behaviors that support or do not support the oral hygiene of children. Good oral hygiene will make healthy teeth and surrounding tissues. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the level of knowledge of parent swith achild's dental and oral hygiene in kinder garten Tunas Bhakti Manado. The research used the descriptive analytical study with cross sectional approach. The experiment was conducted in a kinder garten classroom Shoots Bhakti Manado. The sample in this study all children in kinder garten preschool Tunas Bhakti Manado as many as 70 children examined OHI-S and as many as 12 questions questionnaire for the elderly. Sampling technique with a total sampling method.The results of this study indicate that parental knowledge about dental and oral hygiene in either category by 45.7% with oral hygiene status of children included in the medium category at 65.7%. Based on the results obtained Pearson correlation test p value of 0.020 (p <0.05). It can be concluded that there is a relationship between the level of knowledge of parents with children's dental and oral hygiene in kindergarten Tunas Bhakti Manado. Keywords: knowledge, OHI-S, preschoolers.   Abstrak: Pengetahuan merupakan domain yang sangat penting untuk terbentuknya tindakan seseorang.Pengetahuan orang tua sangat penting dalam mendasari terbentuknya perilaku yang mendukung atau tidak mendukung kebersihan gigi dan mulut anak. Kebersihan mulut yang baik akan membuat gigi dan jaringan sekitarnya sehat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan orang tua dengan kebersihan gigi dan mulut anak di TK Tunas Bhakti Manado.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study.Penelitian dilaksanakan di ruangan kelas TK Tunas Bhakti Manado. Sampel dalam penelitian ini seluruh anak prasekolah di TK Tunas Bhakti Manado sebanyak 70 anak diperiksa OHI-S dan kuesioner sebanyak 12 pertanyaan untuk orang tua. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan metode total sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan orang tua mengenai kebersihan gigi dan mulut dalam kategori baik sebesar 45,7% dengan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut anak termasuk dalam kategori sedang sebesar 65,7%. Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi pearson didapatkan p value 0,020 (p<0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan orang tua dengan kebersihan gigi dan mulut anak di TK Tunas Bhakti Manado. Kata kunci: pengetahuan, OHI-S, anak prasekolah.  

scholarly journals Hubungan Pola Asuh Orang Tua terhadap Perkembangan Moral Siswa Kelas Tinggi Di SD Negeri Cimpon Desa Tirtosari Kecamatan Kretek Kabupaten Bantul Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Khanif Maksum ◽  
Shofia Khusni Winasih
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Moral Development ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Parenting Pattern

<p>Shofia Khusni Winasih: "The Relationship between Parenting Paterns and Moral Development of Upper Grades Students at Cimpon State Elementary School Tirtosari Village, Kretek District, Bantul Regency in Academic Year of 2014-2015". Essay. Yogyakarta: Bachelor Program Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Teacher Education, ALMA ATA Islamic Higher Education, 2015.</p><p><em>            </em>This research is a survey research that takes sample from one population and uses questionnaire as the main data collection tool. The population in this study are 46 upper grades students and their parents Cimpon State Elementary School in Academic Year of 2014-2015. Samples are taken by using simple random sampling is which sample members of the population are taken randomly without any regard to the stratas in the population. Variables in this study consists of variable X (Parenting pattern from upper grades students’ parents) and variable Y (Moral Development the upper grades students). The data collection techniques used in this research are obsevation, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. Meanwhile, questionnaire were taken by using likert scale instrument: Strongly Agree (SS), Agree (S), Neutral / Doubt (N), Disagree (TS), Strongly Disagree (STS).</p><p>The results of this research shows that 3 parents (6.52%) used uthoritarian parenting patern and all of their children, three children (100%), showed less moral development. Parents who adopted democratic parenting were 43 parents (93.48%) and most of their children, 23 children (53.5%), showed adequate moral development and the rest of the children, 20 children (46.5%), showed good moral development. Most of the upper grades students showed adequate moral development (23 children or 50%); incontrast, children with less moral development were found as the smallest number (3 children or 6.5%).</p><p>The result of Pearson correlation test obtained the value of X2 -0.380 and were significant at 0.009 (p-value &lt;0.05). This means that there is a relationship between parental patterns to children moral development in upper grades students in Cimpon Elementary School, Tirtosari Village, Kretek District, Bantul Regency in Academic Year of 2014/2015. In other words, this research hypothesis can be proven or accepted.</p><p>Keyword: <em>Parenting Pattern, moral development.</em></p>

scholarly journals Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Classification from Histopathological Images using Feature Fusion and Deep CNN

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1013-1018
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Feature Fusion ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Large Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Reduction Techniques ◽  
Histopathological Image ◽  
Histopathological Images ◽  
Lung Cancer Detection

Lung cancer is the overgrowth of cells in digestive organs. Identifying different types of lung cancer (squamous cell cancer, large cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma) from lung histopathological images is outrageous works that shorten the chance of infected with lung cancer in the future. This research propounds an accurate diagnosis scheme using various neural network features and fusion of contourlet transform from lung histopathological image. This lesson has used several pre-train models (Alexnet, ResNet50, and VGG-16) in addition to divers scratch models while the pre-train Resnet50 model works better. The two reduction techniques (Principle Component Analysis (PCA) and Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance (MRMR)) have used to classify the type of lung cancer with the extraction of the most significant properties. In Convolution Neural Network (CNN) based lung cancer detection, the reduction approach PCA performs better. This proposed methodology is performed on ordinary datasets and establishes comparative better performance. The accuracy of this paper is 98.5%, sensitivity 96.50, specificity 97.00%, which is more effective than other approaches.

scholarly journals Gambaran Tingkat Kecemasan dan Kadar Hormon Kortisol Ibu Nifas

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Ni Putu Dian Ayu Anggraeni ◽  
Baiq Eka Putri Saudia
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiparous Women ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Postpartum Mothers

Introduction: Physical, social, mental, and psychological issues are common in the first few days after giving birth. According to some research, postpartum depression symptoms are linked to high cortisol levels. Postpartum psychological stress causes higher cortisol levels. Objective: The aim of this study was to look at postpartum mother's anxiety and cortisol levels. Methods: An Analytical Survey with a Cross-Sectional Approach is used in this analysis. With simple random sampling, there were 38 samples that met the inclusion criteria. Data was collected using the PSAS questionnaire for anxiety and an ELISA test for cortisol levels. Univariate and Pearson correlation test is used in the data analysis. Results: The majority of postpartum mothers reported mild anxiety in the first 24 hours after childbirth, with an average cortisol level of 10.034ng/ml 47.4%. The average level of the puerperal hormone cortisol in primiparous women was 14.60ng/ml higher than in multiparous women 7.42 ng/dl. Conclusion: With a p-value of 0.017, there was a substantial difference in cortisol levels between primiparous and multiparous postpartum mothers. With a p-value <0.001, there was a close connection between anxiety scores and cortisol levels. Future studies would need to focus on making it easier for postpartum mothers to feel less anxious.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KADAR ZINK DALAM ASI DENGAN BERAT BADAN DAN PANJANG BADAN BAYI USIA 4-6 BULAN DI KOTA PADANG SUMATERA BARAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Ratnadewi Ratnadewi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Zinc Level ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Correlation Test ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test

Zinc deficiency is public health problem. Almost two million people in developing country suffered zinc deficiency. Zinc deficiency in Indonesia, 25% in breastfeeding mothers and 17% in babies. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation of zinc level in breastmilk with 4-6 months old baby weight and length in Padang City West Sumatera. This study was done in working area of Lubuk Buaya, Padang Pasir, and Nanggalo Public Health Center. This study was done from January 2016 until January 2017. The design of this study was cross sectional, number of sample were 108 people. Samples were selected by simple random sampling. Zinc level in breastmilk was checked by AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer). Data were analyzed by using univariate and bivariate with pearson correlation test. The correlation test, correlation was positive and patterned between log zinc level in breastmilk with 4-6 months old baby weight (r=0,272), while the length (r=0,216), correlation was positive and weak with p value <0,05. That there were significant correlation between log zinc level in breastmilk and 4-6 months old baby weight and length.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PEMANFAATAN DANA BANTUAN OPERASIONAL KESEHATAN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN CAKUPAN PEMERIKSAAN KEHAMILAN DAN PERSALINAN DI FASILITAS KESEHATAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Suparmi Suparmi ◽  
Iram Barida Maisya ◽  
Anissa Rizkianti ◽  
Ika Saptarini ◽  
Ario Baskoro
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Maternal Health ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
P Value ◽  
Correlation Test ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test

Abstract Background: Health Operational Assistance (BOK) is a central government fund allocation to support the operation of Health Center (Puskesmas) to increase promotive and preventive activities related to public health, including maternal health. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship of BOK utilization on maternal health service coverage. Method: The study used secondary data from the Ministry of Health e-Renggar Planning and Budget Bureau, Statistics Indonesia, the Ministry of Finance and the 2018 Public Health Development Index (IPKM) report. The unit of analysis is districts. Bivariate analysis was performed by Pearson correlation test, while multivariate analysis was performed by linear regression using SPSS software version 15. Results: The result of Pearson correlation test showed that BOK utilization was positively correlated with an increase in the antenatal care coverage (r = 0.294; p-value = 0,000) and coverage of deliveries by health workers in health facilities (r = 0.227; p-value = 0,000). The results of linear regression analysis showed BOK utilization, the percentage of poverty and the adequacy of posyandu have a significant relationship with antenatal care coverage and coverage of delivery assisted by health workers in health facilities. Conclusion: The health operational fund utilization increase antenatal care coverage and coverage of delivery assisted by health workers in health facilities. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the use of BOK for the achievement of priority public health programs, especially for innovative activities that have a high degree of leverage towards the achievement of SDGs so that the target in reducing Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) can be achieved. Keywords: health operational fund, maternal health, coverage, services   Abstrak Latar Belakang: Bantuan Operasional Kesehatan (BOK) merupakan salah satu sumber pembiayaan dari pemerintah pusat untuk menunjang operasional Puskesmas dalam meningkatkan upaya promotif dan preventif terkait kesehatan masyarakat, salah satunya kesehatan ibu. Tujuan: Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pemanfaatan BOK terhadap cakupan pelayanan kesehatan ibu. Metode: Studi ini menggunakan data sekunder dari laporan e-renggar Biro Perencanaan dan Anggaran Kementerian Kesehatan, Badan Pusat Statistik, Kementerian Keuangan dan laporan Indeks Pembangunan Kesehatan Masyarakat (IPKM) tahun 2018. Unit analisis adalah Kabupaten/Kota. Analisis bivariate dilakukan dengan uji korelasi pearson, sedangkan analisis multivariate dilakukan dengan regresi linier menggunakan software SPSS versi 15. Hasil: Hasil analisis uji korelasi pearson menunjukkan bahwa persentase realisasi BOK berkorelasi positif dengan peningkatan cakupan pemeriksaan kehamilan K4 (r=0,294; p-value=0,000) dan cakupan persalinan oleh tenaga kesehatan di fasilitas kesehatan (r=0,227; p-value=0,000). Hasil analisis regresi linier menunjukkan pemanfaatan BOK, persentase penduduk miskin dan kecukupan posyandu mempunyai hubungan bermakna dengan cakupan K4 dan cakupan persalinan ditolong oleh tenaga kesehatan di fasilitas kesehatan. Kesimpulan: Pemanfaatan BOK berhubungan dengan peningkatan cakupan K4 dan cakupan persalinan ditolong oleh tenaga kesehatan di fasilitas kesehatan. Optimalisasi pemanfaatan BOK untuk pencapaian program prioritas kesehatan masyarakat diperlukan, terutama untuk kegiatan-kegiatan inovatif yang memiliki daya ungkit tinggi terhadap pencapaian SDGs sehingga target dalam menurunkan Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) dapat tercapai. Kata kunci: bantuan operasional kesehatan, kesehatan ibu, cakupan, pelayanan

Combination chemotherapy with bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer.

1985 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 1478-1485 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Osoba ◽  
J J Rusthoven ◽  
K A Turnbull ◽  
W K Evans ◽  
F A Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Large Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Small Cell Lung

Fifty-three patients with recurrent and advanced stage (III and IV) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were treated with a combination of bleomycin, etoposide (VP-16-213), and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (BEP). Forty-eight patients were appraisable for response. The response rates were 44% for the entire group, 57% in 30 patients with combined squamous-cell and large-cell carcinoma, and 22% in 18 patients with adenocarcinoma (40%, 50%, and 19%, respectively, if patients not appraisable for response are included as nonresponders). The median survival time of patients with squamous-cell and large-cell carcinoma was slightly longer than that of patients with adenocarcinoma (23 weeks v 19 weeks). Patients with responsive disease survived significantly longer (median, 34 weeks) than did patients with unresponsive disease (median, 16 weeks) (P = .001). In the entire group, the median survival time of patients with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1 was better (23 weeks) than of those with a status of 2 or 3 (15 weeks), but this difference was not seen in the subgroup with squamous-cell and large-cell carcinoma (24 weeks v 23 weeks, respectively). Thus, the performance status was not of prognostic value in the histologic subgroups experiencing the best response rate. There were two treatment-related deaths, but otherwise the toxicity of BEP was acceptable. Only four of the 119 treatment cycles were followed by fever even though there was significant neutropenia (0.5 X 10(9)/L) after 20 of 97 treatment cycles. The majority of patients receiving BEP experienced relief of cough, hemoptysis, pain, and fatigue associated with their disease. There was a good correlation between objective responses and palliation of symptoms. Thus, BEP offers good palliation, particularly for patients with squamous-cell and large-cell lung cancer.

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