Unique Experiences of Frontline Health Workers involved in management of COVID-19: Stories from Rural Odisha

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 623-628
Author(s):  
Hari Ram Choudhary ◽  
Hemraj P. Jangir ◽  
Shalu Gupta
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Narrative Study ◽  
Frontline Health Workers ◽  
The Government

This narrative study tells the stories of Frontline Health Workers who are actively involved in the management of COVID-19 in the rural areas of Odisha state in India. They have been known as corona warriors by the Government and Media but at the same time, they became the victims of mental and social stigma. Despite their high risk of dealing with corona patients, they worked tirelessly but we as a society started stigmatizing them and failed to give the respect that they deserve. This study is an attempt to highlight their responses to mental and social stigma.

scholarly journals National Vaccination and Local Intervention Impacts on COVID-19 Cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8282
Author(s):  
Toni Toharudin ◽  
Resa Septiani Pontoh ◽  
Rezzy Eko Caraka ◽  
Solichatus Zahroh ◽  
Panji Kendogo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
Frontline Health Workers ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Causal Impact ◽  
The Government ◽  
Activity Restrictions

COVID-19, as a global pandemic, has spread across Indonesia. Jakarta, as the capital of Indonesia, is the province with the most positive cases. The government has issued various guidelines, both at the central and regional levels. Since it began in 2021, the planned new measures, called ‘Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat Darurat’, or PPKM emergency public activity restrictions, began with the possibility that the number of active cases might decrease. Accordingly, global vaccinations were also carried out, as they were in Indonesia. However, the first phase prioritized frontline health workers and high-risk elderly people. This study conducted a causal impact analysis to determine the effectiveness of PPKM in Jakarta and its vaccination program against the increase in daily new cases. Based on this test, PPKM showed a significant effect on the addition of daily new cases and recovered cases. Conversely, the vaccination program only had a significant impact on recovered cases. A forecast of the COVID-19 cases was conducted and indicated that the daily new cases showed a negative trend, although it fluctuated for the next 7 days, while death and recovered cases continued to increase. Hence, it can be said that the vaccination program has still not shown its effectiveness in decreasing the number of daily new cases while PPKM is quite effective in suppressing new cases.

Scarcity of Nurses in India

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reema Gill
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Human Resources For Health ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
World Health ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Government ◽  
Population Ratio ◽  
Health Organization

The human resources for health (HRH), especially nurses, constitute an important part of health systems. It is difficult to ascertain comprehensive information on the availability of health workers globally due to irregular reporting of data from the countries. However, experts have proposed minimum thresholds for achieving certain health-related Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). These thresholds have been used as yardsticks by others for determining HRH shortages in their nations. As per the minimum threshold developed by the World Health Organization (WHO), not enough health workers are available in India, especially in the rural areas. The nurse to population ratio in India is even lower than some of the other developing countries in Asia. Various factors, such as low professional and socio-economic status, gender issues, lack of political will on part of the government and unregulated private sector, have led to scarcity of nurses in numbers as well as qualitatively in India. To overcome the dismal working and social conditions, many Indian nurses are migrating to developed nations, further exacerbating the nursing shortages in the country. Inclusive planning, adequate financing and political commitment on the part of all stakeholders are required for overcoming the shortage of health personnel existing in India.

scholarly journals Visceral Leishmaniasis in China: an Endemic Disease under Control

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 987-1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Rong Lun ◽  
Ming-Shui Wu ◽  
Yun-Fu Chen ◽  
Jun-Yun Wang ◽  
Xiao-Nong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Special Value ◽  
The Government

SUMMARYVisceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused byLeishmaniaspp. is an important vector-borne and largely zoonotic disease. In China, three epidemiological types of VL have been described: anthroponotic VL (AVL), mountain-type zoonotic VL (MT-ZVL), and desert-type ZVL (DT-ZVL). These are transmitted by four different sand fly species:Phlebotomus chinensis,P. longiductus,P. wui, andP. alexandri.In 1951, a detailed survey of VL showed that it was rampant in the vast rural areas west, northwest, and north of the Yangtze River. Control programs were designed and implemented stringently by the government at all administrative levels, resulting in elimination of the disease from most areas of endemicity, except the western and northwestern regions. The control programs consisted of (i) diagnosis and chemotherapy of patients, (ii) identification, isolation, and disposal of infected dogs, and (iii) residual insecticide indoor spraying for vector control. The success of the control programs is attributable to massive and effective mobilization of the general public and health workers to the cause. Nationally, the annual incidence is now very low, i.e., only 0.03/100,000 according to the available 2011 official record. The overwhelming majority of cases are reported from sites of endemicity in the western and northwestern regions. Here, we describe in some depth and breadth the current status of epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the disease, with particular reference to the control programs. Pertinent information has been assembled from scattered literature of the past decades in different languages that are not readily accessible to the scientific community. The information provided constitutes an integral part of our knowledge on leishmaniasis in the global context and will be of special value to those interested in control programs.

scholarly journals Nurses’ Feelings and Perspectives of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study in a Developing Country

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (G) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Restuning Widiasih ◽  
Ermiati Ermiati ◽  
Etika Emaliyawati ◽  
Sri Hendrawati ◽  
Raini Diah Susanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Health Awareness ◽  
Referral Hospitals ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Government ◽  
Perceptions And Expectations ◽  
And Behavior

BACKGROUND: Nurses’ duties and responsibilities related to the risk of transmitting COVID-19. Studies that explore nurses’ feelings and perspectives in providing health services at COVID-19 referral hospitals, especially in developing countries like Indonesia, are limited. AIM: This study aims to explore nurses’ feelings, perceptions, and expectations of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This qualitative study applied the qualitative descriptive design that involved 17 nurses from different hospitals in Indonesia. The semi-structured interview gathered their views of COVID-19, and the comparative analysis for interviews technique was chosen to analyze the data. RESULTS: Three themes emerged from the data analysis. The themes were nurses’ express psychological responses in facing the COVID-19 pandemic such as fear, surrender, panic, and calmness. Other two themes included the COVID 19 pandemic enhances nurses’ health awareness and behavior, and the government protect nurses from the COVID-19 transmission and social stigma. CONCLUSION: The feelings reported dominantly by the nurse, in addition to information about health awareness, behavior, the government’s actions, and their expectations. Mental health assistance would be useful to prevent depression in nurses, and the government’s comprehensive approaches in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic would increase the protection and productivity of health workers, including nurses.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT (PHBS) DI DESA KUALU KECAMATAN TAMBANG KAMPAR

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
Putri Wulandini S ◽  
Roni Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
P Value ◽  
District Health ◽  
Healthy Behavior ◽  
The Government

Clean and Healthy Behavior/ PHBS is all health behavior that is done on the basis of awareness so that family members can help themselves in the health field. Health is a treasure that is priceless and to get health is willing to spend excessive funds. Based on the profile of Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Riau the percentage of PHBS at home is 49,5%. Nevertheless, the implementation of PHBS in Rural areas remains a highlight and an ongoing program for the Government and District Health Offices. The purpose of this study was to find out "Factors Associated With Healthy Behavior Clean and Healthy (Phbs) In Village Kualu Kampar Sub-District ". The type of quantitative research with correlation design, with a population of 350 heads of households, and a sample of 100 people, the sampling technique is Probability Sampling. Data collection using questionnaire. Data analysis was done univariat and bivariate. The result of the research on the knowledge of the respondents about PHBS in the household is good, that is 64% of the education of the majority respondent of middle level (SMA) 59%, the role of health workers in PHBS is less the role that is 54%, the role of public figure is good that is56% PHBS is 51%. Bivariate results obtained pvalue 0.01 educational factors and 0.006 knowledge factor, which means there is a relationship. While the role factor Nakes p value 0.81 and the role of Toma 0.151, which means no relationship. From this research, it is expected that the participation of health personnel to provide complete information through the extension to the community about PHBS in Household.

scholarly journals Identification and Management of High Risk Complications during Postnatal Period by Ground Level Workers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasneet Kaur ◽  
Suresh Ray
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Child Health Services ◽  
Child Birth ◽  
Puerperal Infection ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up ◽  
National Programs

What to expect after the child birth. A healthy newborn is considered as priority, but postnatal care counts too. It is not always that story ended up with safe child birth; mother is still at high risk if not taken care after birth. Antenatal and intra natal period are the hardest part of a life span of a pregnant women. Mandatory Antenatal visits and maternal and child health services provided by the government with hand holding national programs and schemes have converted this tough path into smooth platform. Similarly postnatal period is equally important in the life of a new mother. The transition has already been set up by creating fourth stage of pregnancy instead of traditional three stages. Several studies have observed complications in postnatal period especially Primary PPH but very minimal studies had concentrated on Secondary PPH. Over and above there are no significant and standardized guidelines made available for the health workers to define the set limits of blood loss and management of secondary PPH. The condition becomes more critical when severe secondary PPH came for the hospitalization when the exact cause and associated factors remains often unknown. Also many postpartum infections emerge 24 hours after the delivery and discharge from hospital. Consequently, in the lack of proper knowledge and skills regarding identification of postnatal complications like secondary PPH and Puerperal infection, many cases go undiagnosed and unreported. This chapter will deals with the skills of the ground level workers required to identify and manage selected high risk complications in postnatal period.

scholarly journals A study on training frontline health workers for prevention, early recognition and treatment or transfer of women with post-partum haemorrhage using mamanatalie

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 4156
Author(s):  
Nikhita B. Vadvadgi ◽  
Nageshu Shailaja ◽  
Lingegowda Krishna ◽  
Kirtan Krishna
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Skill Assessment ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Skill Test ◽  
Frontline Health Workers ◽  
Post Partum Haemorrhage

Background: The objective of the present study was to train frontline health workers (FHW) on prevention, early recognition and treatment/transfer of women with post-partum haemorrhage using mamanatalie and to compare their pre-training and post training knowledge and skills, and to reassess the knowledge and skills of the trainees after six months.Methods: Training of 159 FHW belonging to the nine Primary Health Centres (PHC) of Kuppam constituency was conducted using mamanatalie. Pre and post training knowledge and skill assessment were compared using questionnaires and the mamanatalie. Reassessment of knowledge and skill was done after six months.Results: Among 159 participants 93% scored more, 3% scored same and 4% scored lesser in post training when compared to pre-training test. In the follow up knowledge assessment after six months 73 trainees were lost for follow up, among the remaining, 8% scored more, 16% scored same and 76% scored less when compared to the post training test. However, the follow up scores were higher than the pre-training scores. In the skill test, 82% scored more than 80%. Four trainees were lost for follow up skill assessment, among the remaining, 16% scored more, 23% scored same and 61% scored less when compared to the initial skill test scoresConclusions: The training increased knowledge, skill and confidence among the trainees. It has the potential to lead to improved clinical outcomes, especially in the rural areas. Revision sessions may help in better retention of knowledge and skill.

scholarly journals Social Stigma toward Health Workers Associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (T1) ◽  
pp. 112-114
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faris ◽  
Muhammad Reza Arifianto
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
World Health ◽  
Community Leaders ◽  
The Government ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Regional Governments

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a global pandemic, which classifies the outbreak as an international emergency. This disease has been confirmed as the first pandemic in 21st century. Healthcare workers on the front line who are directly involved in the diagnosis, treatment, and care of patients with COVID-19 are at risk of being stigmatized. AIM: This study was a review. METHODS: This study was conducted by conducting analytic appraisal using published journals and sources through an electronic database. RESULTS: From cases in Indonesia and other countries, there’s bunch of examples that healthcare workers being negatively stigmatized in case of COVID-19. They lost their rights to have a normal life in this pandemic era. DISCUSSION: The government itself has actually promoted socialization about COVID-19, including the importance of mutual support and assistance including morally and psychosocially for the sufferers and health workers involved. However, negative stigma for health workers and patients and their families suffering from COVID-19 remains strongly attached until nowadays. Synergy between the central government, regional governments, community leaders, and referral hospital officials are certainly important to overcome this stigma problem, in addition to promoting education in the community. CONCLUSION: Synergy among the central government, regional governments, community leaders, and referral hospital officials is certainly important to overcome this stigma problem, in addition to promoting education in the communit

scholarly journals A study on awareness and practices of mitanin (ASHA) in rural areas of Bilaspur district, Chhattisgarh, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1637
Author(s):  
Ashish Baghel ◽  
Kamlesh K. Jain ◽  
Sachin Pandey ◽  
Gopal Prasad Soni ◽  
Anubha Patel
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Danger Signs ◽  
Breast Feed ◽  
The Government

Background: The mitanin programme is a Community Health volunteer programme which was initiated by the Government of Chhattisgarh, India in 2002. The mitanin programme further progressed to lay foundation for the Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHA) programme by the National Rural Health Mission. There is robust indication that the community health workers could significantly contribute towards the betterment of health outcomes. The objective was tostudy the awareness and practices of mitanins (ASHA) in rural areas of Bilaspur district.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was carried out among 180 mitanins selected through multistage random sampling in Bilaspur district, Chhattisgarh, India during March to August 2015. A predesigned, pretested questionnaire was used for data collection. SPSS 21.0 version software was used to analyze the data.Results: Most of the mitanins had good knowledge regarding antenatal visits (62.2%) & HBNC visits (52.2%). About (62.8%) had an average knowledge regarding basic cleans to be followed for safe deliveries & regarding danger signs of pregnancy (46.7%). About (36.1%) had poor knowledge regarding symptoms of diabetes & contraceptive advice for spacing (35.6%). About (82.2%) of mitanins had opinion that fast breathing is an indicator of immediate referral of child followed by child unable to drink or breast feed (61.1%). In case of pregnancy, mitanins considered indicators of immediate referral should be swelling of face/hands (90.6%) followed by vaginal bleeding (74.4%). Major activities that they have conducted in last six months includes; accompanying pregnant women for institutional deliveries (92.2%) & participation in immunization sessions (87.8%).Conclusions: Mitanins play vital role in providing primary health care but still they need to put into practice their knowledge about services. Despite the training given to mitanins, lacunae still exists in their knowledge regarding various aspects of health care. Many of them were not aware about family planning, diabetes, tuberculosis, danger signs for pregnancy & newborn that indicate the need for immediate referral. 

scholarly journals Perceptions, awareness on snakebite envenoming among the tribal community and health care providers of Dahanu block, Palghar District in Maharashtra, India

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255657
Author(s):  
Itta Krishna Chaaithanya ◽  
Dipak Abnave ◽  
Himmatrao Bawaskar ◽  
Ujwal Pachalkar ◽  
Sandip Tarukar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Tribal Community ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Government Health ◽  
Frontline Health Workers ◽  
The Government

Introduction India has remarkably the highest number of snakebite cases contributing to nearly 50% of the global snakebite deaths. Despite this fact, there is limited knowledge and awareness regarding the management practices for snakebite in the Indian population. The study aimed to explore the knowledge, awareness, and perception of snakes and snakebites, first aid, and treatment amongst the community and the frontline health workers in a tribal block of Dahanu, Maharashtra, India. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out from June 2016 to October 2018 in the Dahanu Block, Maharashtra. Perceptions, knowledge, awareness, and first-aid practices on the snakebites among the community were studied through focus group discussions (FGDs). Semi-structured questionnaires were used to assess the knowledge, awareness, and experience of the traditional faith healers, snake rescuers, frontline health workers on the snakebites and their management. A facility check survey was conducted using pre-tested questionnaires for different levels of the government health care facilities. Results Most of the tribal community was aware of the commonly found snakes and their hiding places. However, there was inadequate knowledge on the identification and classification of venomous snakes. Belief in a snake god, the perception that snakes will not come out during thunderstorms, change in taste sensation, the ability of tamarind seeds or magnet to reduce the venom effect were some of the superstitions reported by the tribal community. The application of a harmful method (Tourniquet) as the first aid for snakebite was practiced by the tribal community. They preferred herbal medicines and visiting the traditional faith healers before shifting the patient to the government health facility. The knowledge on the ability to identify venomous snakebites and anti-venom was significantly higher amongst nurses and accredited social health activists (ASHAs) than auxiliary nurse midwives (ANMs) and multi-purpose workers (MPWs) (p < 0.05). None of the traditional faith healers; but nearly 60% of snake rescuers were aware of anti-venom. Fifty percent of the medical officers in Dahanu block did not have correct knowledge about the Krait bite symptoms, and renal complications due to the Russell viper bite. Conclusions Inappropriate perception, inadequate awareness, and knowledge about snakes and snakebites may predispose the tribal community to increased risks of venomous snakebites. Unproven and harmful methods for snakebite treatment practiced by the community and traditional faith healers could be dangerous leading to high mortality. Therefore, a multi-sectoral approach of community awareness, mapping of vulnerable populations, capacity building of health care facility, empowerment of health care workers (HCWs) could be useful for reducing the mortality and morbidity due to snakebite envenoming in India.

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