scholarly journals Effects of organic compounds on the macroalgae culture of Aegagropila linnaei

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Messyasz ◽  
Boguslawa Leska ◽  
Joanna Fabrowska ◽  
Marta Pikosz ◽  
Adam Cieslak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Test System ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Biomass Composition ◽  
Amino Acids Composition ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe effects of the impact of four organic compounds (ascorbic acid, biotin, glucose and sucrose) on ash, protein, fiber, fat and amino acid contents in the freshwater Aegagropila linnaei biomass were examined in 7 and 14 days of cultivations in high concentrations of tested compounds (100 mg L-1). The presence of examined organic compounds had a negligible effect on the development of algae and their biomass composition. There were no significant differences in the amino acids composition in the biomass in the presence of organic compounds compared to the test system. However, the increase in ash content was observed irrespective of the cultivation time in the case of all used organic compounds. Only slight differences in crude fat concentration were observed in the case of 7 days cultivation with ascorbic acid, biotin and sucrose, while the highest increase of ash content was observed after 14 days of supplementation with glucose. None of the compounds affected changes in amino acid content in the Aegagropila linnaei biomass. The results suggest that an environment enriched with the test organic compounds had only minimal, or at most short-term, effects on the algal biomass composition.

scholarly journals 100 Sequential feeding with diets that differ in amino acid content can significantly increase performance of growing and finishing pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 81-81
Author(s):  
Alini Veira ◽  
Luan S Santos ◽  
Alicia Fraga ◽  
Paulo Campos ◽  
Raphael Caetano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism ◽  
Feeding Programs ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Recent studies have shown that feed intake, nutrient metabolism and utilization may vary during the 24-h circadian period. In this regard, this study aimed at evaluating the impact on performance from the switching of conventional to sequential feeding programs with diets that differ in amino acid content over the day for growing–finishing pigs. Sixty-eight 25-kg (±2.04) BW barrows were assigned to 4 feeding programs (17 animals per treatment): 1) conventional feeding (CONV), in which pigs received 100% of standardized ileal digestible (SID) AA recommendations for the entire day; 2) sequential feeding (SEQ80-120), providing 80% SID AA recommendations from 2400 to 1159 h and 120% from 1200 to 2359 h; 3) sequential feeding (SEQ70-130) providing 70% SID AA recommendations from 2400 to 1159 h and 130% from 1200 to 2359 h; and 4) sequential feeding (SEQ60-140) providing 60% SID AA recommendations from 2400 to 1159 h and 140% from 1200 to 2359 h. The experimental period lasted 82 d and was subdivided in 3 phases: phase 1 (0 to 28 d), phase 2 (29 to 54 d) and phase 3 (55 to 82 d). The data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure in SAS (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC). SEQ80-120 and SEQ60-140 did not improve performance compared to CONV (P > 0.05). However, ADFI, ADG and BW was higher for SEQ70-130 than CONV during phase 1 (1.49 vs 1.3 kg/d; 0.74 vs 0.65 kg/d; 46.55 vs 43.40 kg, respectively; P < 0.05). During phase 2, BW tended to be higher for SEQ70-130 than CONV (69.20 vs 63.60 kg; P = 0.08). In the entire experimental period, ADFI tended to be higher for SEQ70-130 than CONV (2.08 vs 1.89 kg/d; P = 0.10). According to our results, sequential feeding program improves performance of growing–finishing at the beginning of the period.

Production of Volatile Organic Compounds by Trichoderma in Media Containing Different Amino Acids and Their Effect on Selected Wood Decay Fungi

Holzforschung ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Bruce ◽  
Ron E. Wheatley ◽  
Sonia N. Humphris ◽  
Christine A. Hackett ◽  
Maria E.J. Florence
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi ◽  
Volatile Organic

Summary The paper describes an experiment to evaluate the effect of subtle changes to the amino acid composition of the growth medium on the production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by a Trichoderma aureoviride isolate and the consequent inhibition of wood decay fungi. A synthetic medium was produced to represent the C:N ratio and major amino acid content of Scots pine sapwood. Changes in the amino acid content of the medium produced very significant differences in the VOC output produced by the Trichoderma isolate and in the levels of inhibition of the target wood decay fungi. Principal component analysis of the VOC profiles indicated that aldehyde and ketone components were associated with the greatest inhibition of the target fungi. The implications of the results for the use of Trichoderma isolates as biological control agents of decay fungi in wood are discussed.

PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS ON ELECTROPHORETIC PATTERNS OF TOTAL SOLUBLE PROTEINS OF MACROSIPHUM EUPHORBIAE (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE)

1975 ◽  
Vol 107 (9) ◽  
pp. 963-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Chawla ◽  
M. N. Islam ◽  
M. Cloutier ◽  
J. M. Perron
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Fast Moving ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Protein Band ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Soluble Extract ◽  
Electrophoretic Patterns ◽  
Slow Moving ◽  
High Concentrations

AbstractSoluble extract of Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) was separated electrophoretically into fast moving and slow moving protein bands These bands were fractionated and studied for their amino acid content. Glycine was the most prominent amino acid in both bands. Aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, alanine, and leucine were present in high concentrations in the fast moving protein band. Lysine, alanine, valine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine were present in traces in the slow moving protein band.

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of amino acids composition in two types of marine fish silage

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukund Gauthankar ◽  
Rakhee Khandeparker ◽  
Mamatha S. Shivaramu ◽  
Komal Salkar ◽  
Rayadurga Anantha Sreepada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Lean Fish ◽  
Amino Acids Composition ◽  
High Concentrations

AbstractFish silage is a brown liquefied product achieved by the action of enzymes when finely grounded whole/parts of either single or mixed fish types are subjected to acidification. This study made a comparative assessment of biochemical and nutritive properties, especially the amino acid composition in supernatant phase of formic acid silages prepared from two fish types, Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) and false travely (Lactarius lactarius) representing fat fish (FF, fat content > 5%) and lean fish (LF, fat content < 5%), respectively during 35 days of fermentation (DoF). Significantly higher content of total amino acid (TAA) and free amino acids (FAA) were recorded in FFS (TAA, 41.2 ± 0.03 mg/g; FAA, 31.3 ± 0.003 mg/g) compared to LFS (TAA, 35.8 ± 0.07 mg/g; FAA, 18.26 ± 0.003 mg/g; FAA, 31.3 ± 0.003 mg/g) (p < 0.05). At the end of 35 DoF, the concentrations of amino acids such as asparagine, histidine, isoleucine, valine, cysteine, serine, lysine and arginine were significantly higher in FFS as compared to LFS. The relative amino acid composition of FFS and LFS varied in accordance with DoF and the relationship was found to be highly significant (ANOVA, p < 0.00001). High concentrations of l-amino acids such as leucine, glutamic acid and arginine were recorded in both FFS and LFS. In conclusion, the analysis suggested that a fermentation period of 25–30 days showed a significant effect on the composition of amino acids in both types of ensilage compared to other fermentation periods (p < 0.05). Considering the role of amino acids in enhancing the plant growth and proliferation, the findings of the present study are quite useful.

scholarly journals Growth hormone transgenesis and feed composition influence growth and protein and amino acid content in transgenic G3 mutiara catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibnu Dwi Buwono ◽  
Iskandar Iskandar ◽  
Roffi Grandiosa
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Transgenic Fish ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
The Impact

AbstractClarias gariepinus growth hormone (CgGH) transgenesis was previously used to develop a population of second-generation (G2) transgenic mutiara catfish (C. gariepinus). The third generation of these fish (1-month old fingerlings) had 2–3 times improvement in growth compared to non-transgenic fish in the commercial feed test for 6 weeks of rearing. We assessed the impact of CgGH transgene expression on growth and protein and amino acid content of the G3 generation of these transgenic mutiara catfish relative to non-transgenic catfish. Since variation in composition of feed mixes can affect protein and amino acid content of fish, we tested three mixtures of commercial feed and boiled tuna (Euthynnus affinis): feed A (50:50 feed to tuna), B (65:35), and C (80:20) to transgenic catfish. Feed A* (50:50) was fed as a control to non-transgenic catfish. Feed efficiency, including feed conversion ratio and protein use efficiency (i.e., protein retention and protein productive value), was assessed. Feed efficiency, protein content, and essential amino acid content in G3 transgenic catfish (feed A and B) were higher than in non-transgenic fish (feed A*). The latter were deficient in lysine and methionine. Transgenic catfish fed with feed C (80:20) showed lysine deficiency and lower growth than fish fed feeds A and B. Feed B (65:35) was the optimal feed mixture utilized; it increased growth, protein levels, and feed conversion efficiency in G3 catfish. The growth of transgenic fish was higher than non-transgenic fish when supported by feeding with balanced nutrients.

Apical dominance in the rhizome of Agropyron repens. The relation of amino acid composition to bud activity

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (14) ◽  
pp. 2001-2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Nigam ◽  
Gordon I. McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Lateral Buds ◽  
Bud Growth ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Rhizome Buds ◽  
Agropyron Repens

The polarity of bud growth in isolated, decapitated rhizomes of Agropyron repens L. Beauv. was correlated with the amino acid content of the buds and rhizome nodes and with the external N supply. In rhizomes from low-N plants grown under controlled conditions, the levels of asparagine and glutamine decreased markedly from the apical to the basal nodes and this gradient was closely correlated with a basipetal reduction in the growth of the rhizome buds. All other amino acids included in the analysis also showed a basipetal gradient of decreasing concentration but they were present in much lower concentrations than the amides and their correlation with bud growth was less precise. In high-N rhizomes collected in the field, the amino acid gradient was considerably reduced and the relatively uniform distribution of amide-N along the rhizome was correlated with a similar uniformity in growth of the rhizome buds.Increasing the N supply to intact plants released the lateral buds from inhibition. A significant growth response occurred within 48 h and was associated with a 30% increase in the amide-N content of the rhizome. Sprouting of buds on isolated nodes resulted, within 48 h, in a 42% reduction in the amide concentration in the node, as compared with nodes from which the bud had been removed and in which considerable amide accumulation occurred. Significant reductions in proline, serine, and alanine were also recorded.It was concluded that, under N-deficient, low water stress conditions, the inhibition and polarity of bud growth is mainly determined by the N supply, whereas, the relatively high concentrations of amino acids found in the fully inhibited buds of field rhizomes suggested, in accordance with previous results, that water rather than N was more likely to be the limiting factor under field conditions.

Study on the Influence of Soil and Fertilization on Amino Acid Content in Oil Linen

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 776-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgeta Pop ◽  
Ersilia Alexa ◽  
Tiberiu Iancu ◽  
Florin Imbrea ◽  
Adrian Laza
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Oil Plant ◽  
The Impact

Research results on oil linen (Linum usitatissimum L.) point out the importance of this crop not only as an oil plant but also as a plant with multiple opportunities of diversification. The experiment was set at the Didactic and Research Station within the Banat�s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine King Michael I of Romania from Timisoara. The goal of this paper is to analyse the impact of soil and fertilization on amino acid content level and structure in oil flax vegetal protein. Cultivar plays a determining role on the content of amino acids in oil flax vegetal protein: the sum of amino acids ranges between 16.21 and 22.44 g/100 g of grits. Fertilization changes the amount of amino acids: the sum of amino acids ranges between 17.08 and 23.32 g/100 g of grits. Fertilization also determines changes of the level and structure of amino acids in oil flax protein.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL GEOECOLOGICAL FACTORS ON THE BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS OF LICHENS IN THE TERRITORY OF THE VELSK-USTYANSK TECTONIC NODE (ARKHANGELSK REGION)

2018 ◽  
pp. 215-224
Author(s):  
Ирина (Irina) Анатольевна (Anatol'yevna) Паламарчук (Palamarchuk) ◽  
Ольга (Ol'ga) Степановна (Stepanovna) Бровко (Brovko) ◽  
Владимир (Vladimir) Васильевич (Vasil'yevich) Беляев (Belyaev) ◽  
Константин (Konstantin) Григорьевич (Grigor'yevich) Боголицын (Bogolitsyn) ◽  
Татьяна (Tat'yana) Александровна (Aleksandrovna) Бойцова (Boitsova) ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Test System ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Arkhangelsk Region

The influence of geoecological factors formed in Velsk-Ustyansk tectonic node of the Arkhangelsk region on the state of lichenobiotics was studied. Two of the most common species of bushy lichens are selected as the test systems. The objects of research are two species of bushy lichens, which were used as a test system. From the soil lichens, the species Cladonia stellaris was studied. From the epiphytic lichens, the species Usnea subfloridana was studied. The material was collected in the vegetation period (spring-autumn) from the three test plots (in the center, at the periphery and outside the tectonic node - the background point) in the pine-bilberry forest stands with the same composition.It was established that the ash content of lichen samples Cladonia stellaris and Usnea subfloridana increases in the direction from the background point and further from the periphery to the center of the node. The ash content for samples growing in the center of the tectonic node is in 2-7 times higher than in the background point and reaches of 7 %. The ash content for samples growing in the periphery of the site is in 1.5–2 times higher than in the background point. This dependence indicates a significant accumulation of the metals in the lichen thallomes in the zone of tectonic faults. The similar dependence for both lichens is observed in the content of ascorbic acid, catalase activity and antioxidant activity. It was shown that in the center of the node the lichen contains up to 190 μg·g-1 of ascorbic acid, the catalase activity is up to 17 u.o.d. g-1·s-1, and antioxidant activity is up to 53%, while at the background point these indices do not exceed 130 μg·g-1 , 7 u.o.d. g-1·s-1 and 35%, respectively. Thus, it can be concluded that under stress condition there is a free-radical oxidation that can regarded as a marker of development of a non-specific stable in lichens under the influence of various stressors.

scholarly journals A honey bee symbiont buffers larvae against nutritional stress through lysine supplementation

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey J Parish ◽  
Danny W Rice ◽  
Vicki M Tanquary ◽  
Jason M Tennessen ◽  
Irene LG Newton
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Nutritional Stress ◽  
Gene Gain ◽  
Larval Diet ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Honey Bee Larvae

Honey bees, the worlds most significant agricultural pollinator, have suffered dramatic losses in the last few decades. These losses are largely due to the synergistic effects of multiple stressors, the most pervasive of which is limited nutrition. The effects of poor nutrition are most damaging in the developing larvae of honey bees, who mature into workers unable to meet the needs of their colony. It is therefore essential that we better understand the nutritional landscape experienced by honey bee larvae. In this study, we characterize the metabolic capabilities of a honey bee larvae-associated bacterium, Bombella apis (formerly Parasaccharibacter apium), and its effects on the nutritional resilience of larvae. We found that B. apis is the only bacterium associated with larvae that can withstand the antimicrobial larval diet. Further, we found that B. apis can synthesize all essential amino acids and significantly alters the amino acid content of synthetic larval diet, largely by increasing the essential amino acid lysine. Analyses of gene gain/loss across the phylogeny suggest that two distinct cationic amino acid transporters were gained by B. apis ancestors, and the transporter LysE is conserved across all sequenced strains of B. apis. This result suggests that amino acid export is a key feature conserved within the Bombella clade. Finally, we tested the impact of B. apis on developing honey bee larvae subjected to nutritional stress and found that larvae supplemented with B. apis are bolstered against mass reduction despite limited nutrition. Together, these data suggest an important role of B. apis as a nutritional mutualist of honey bee larvae.

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