Effect of Graphene, SiO2 and Zeolite Powder on the Mechanical and Scratch Properties of PP

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
X.-L. Du ◽  
J.-B. Jin ◽  
X.-B. Long ◽  
Y.-M. Xiong ◽  
J.-L. Song
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Dioxide ◽  
Scratch Resistance ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Particle Content ◽  
Inorganic Particles ◽  
Inorganic Particle ◽  
Pp Composites ◽  
Inorganic Fillers ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Enhanced Crystallinity

Abstract Scratch resistant surface of polypropylene (PP) is of critical importance for automobile, household appliances and other industries. In this paper, the mechanical and scratch properties of PP were studied by incorporation of three types of inorganic particles, including graphene (GP), silicon dioxide (SiO2) and zeolite powder (ZP), respectively. Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene was used as compatibilizer. The effects of inorganic particle content on crystallization, mechanical properties and scratch resistance of PP composites were studied. Results showed that adding inorganic fillers led to enhanced crystallinity of PP, thus improving the scratch resistance of PP materials. Compared with PP/SiO2 and PP/ ZP, PP/GP exhibited the best scratch resistance and low sensitivity to scratch deformation at 2 wt% filler. We believe that the scratch resistance of PP was determined by material characteristics and crystallinity. This will be a reference for the research on the scratch resistance of other polymer materials.

Dip Coating From Density Mismatching Mixture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashir Khoda ◽  
AMM Nazmul Ahsan ◽  
SM Abu Shovon
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
Heterogeneous Mixture ◽  
Inorganic Particles ◽  
Inorganic Particle

Abstract Solid transfer technology from mixtures is gaining ever-increasing attention from materials scientists and production engineers due to their high potential in near net-shaped production of cost-effective engineering components. Dip coating, a wet deposition method, is an effective and straightforward way of thin-film/layers formation. The dipping mixtures are often embedded with inorganic fillers, nanoparticles, or clusters (d<30 nm) that produce a thin film ranging from nm to couple microns. An increase in the volume of solid transfer by the dipping process can open-up a novel 3D near-net-shape production. However, adding larger inorganic particle size (>1µm) or adding a higher solid fraction will increase the solid transfer but may result in a multi-phase heterogeneous mixture. In this work, the physical mechanism of an increased volume of solid transfer with a larger spherical particle size (>5 µm) is investigated. Polymer-based glue and evaporating solvent are mixed to construct the liquid carrier system (LCS). Moderate volume fraction of inorganic particles (20% < ?p < 50%) are added into the LCS solution as solid loading. Three levels of binder volume fraction are considered to investigate the effect of the solid transfer. Cylindrical AISI 304 steel wire with dia 0.81 mm is dipped and the coating thickness, weight, and the surface packing coverage by the particles are measured in our lab. The results presented the influence of volume fraction of inorganic particle and glue composition on the solid transfer from the heterogeneous mixture.

scholarly journals Sialon and Alumina Modified UV-Curable Coatings with Improved Mechanical Properties and Hydrophobicity

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1424
Author(s):  
Mariola Robakowska ◽  
Łukasz Gierz ◽  
Hubert Gojzewski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Scratch Resistance ◽  
Aluminum Oxynitride ◽  
Uv Curable ◽  
Scratch Hardness ◽  
Coating Surface ◽  
Inorganic Fillers

This article describes the modification of UV-curable coatings with silicon aluminum oxynitride (Sialon) and aluminum oxide (Alu C), which improve the hydrophobicity of the coating surface and the scratch hardness. The contact angle is greater due to surface roughness being enhanced with inorganic fillers. Improved scratch resistance results from the formation of a sliding layer triggered by the diffusion of Sialon or alumina on the coating surface. One can observed an increase in the surface hydrophobicity as well as in the scratch hardness (up to 100%) when small amounts (5 wt.%) of the inorganic compounds are added. Imaging microscopies, i.e., SEM, OM, and AFM (with nanoscopic Young’s modulus determination), revealed the good distribution of both types of fillers in the studied matrix.

scholarly journals A Review on Inorganic Nanoparticles Modified Composite Membranes for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Recent Progress and Prospects

Membranes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rehman Asghar ◽  
Muhammad Tuoqeer Anwar ◽  
Ahmad Naveed ◽  
Junliang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Excellent Thermal Stability ◽  
Inorganic Particles ◽  
Inorganic Particle ◽  
Electrolyte Uptake

Separators with high porosity, mechanical robustness, high ion conductivity, thin structure, excellent thermal stability, high electrolyte uptake and high retention capacity is today’s burning research topic. These characteristics are not easily achieved by using single polymer separators. Inorganic nanoparticle use is one of the efforts to achieve these attributes and it has taken its place in recent research. The inorganic nanoparticles not only improve the physical characteristics of the separator but also keep it from dendrite problems, which enhance its shelf life. In this article, use of inorganic particles for lithium-ion battery membrane modification is discussed in detail and composite membranes with three main types including inorganic particle-coated composite membranes, inorganic particle-filled composite membranes and inorganic particle-filled non-woven mates are described. The possible advantages of inorganic particles application on membrane morphology, different techniques and modification methods for improving particle performance in the composite membrane, future prospects and better applications of ceramic nanoparticles and improvements in these composite membranes are also highlighted. In short, the contents of this review provide a fruitful source for further study and the development of new lithium-ion battery membranes with improved mechanical stability, chemical inertness and better electrochemical properties.

Nanostructured Coatings Obtained Via Cationic UV-Curing

2007 ◽  
Vol 1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Sangermano ◽  
Roberta Bongiovanni ◽  
Giulio Malucelli ◽  
Aldo Priola ◽  
Ezio Amerio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Uv Curing ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
Scratch Resistance ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Inorganic Particles ◽  
Nanoscale Range

Polymeric nanocoatings have drawn considerable attention, in recent years, due to improvements in various properties including scratch resistance, abrasion resistance, heat stability as well as other mechanical properties [1-3].Different meal oxide nanoparticles have been employed s filler, in particular SiO2, TiO2 and ZnO were deeply investigated in literature [4].The use of inorganic particles in the nanoscale range is particularly attractive with the aim of improving the polymer properties by controlling the degree of interaction between the polymer and the nanofiller [5]. As inorganic fillers a range of different metal-oxide particles can be dispersed in the polymeric matrix [6-8]. Particularly attractive is the use of inorganic particles in the nanoscale range with the aim of improving the properties of the polymers by controlling the degree of interaction between the polymer and the nanofillers [9] via a top-down approach.One major problem with nanosized particles is their homogeneous dispersion within the organic matrix avoiding macroscopic phase separation. An in-situ approach of preparing nanoparticles using sol-gel precursors is appealing for this reason; it involves a series of hydrolysis and condensation reactions starting from a hydrolyzable multifunctional metal-alcoxide as precursor for the inorganic domain formation [10] (bottom-up approach).The use of suitable coupling agent permits to obtain a strictly interconnected network preventing macroscopic phase separation. The coupling agent provides bonding between the organic and the inorganic phases, therefore well-dispersed nanostructured phases may result [11] and hybrid organic-inorganic materials are achieved.

scholarly journals Characteristic of a Suspended Media Bed to Reduce or Eliminate Clogging in Subsurface Constructed Wetland

2021 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
Meng Cai ◽  
Yongxiang Ren ◽  
Ge Bai ◽  
Qiuhui Yan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Level Fluctuation ◽  
Inorganic Particles ◽  
Inorganic Particle ◽  
Flow Capacity ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Organic Particle ◽  
Purification Of Water

Clogging is a common and difficult problem in subsurface flow wetlands. In this study, 2-4mm, 4-8mm, 8-10mm lightweight ceramsite were used as suspended media beds and 5-10mm gravel was used as traditional substrate bed as control. The effects of these four substrate beds on the purification of water quality and the change of flow capacity in the clogging process in the non-deformable inorganic particle wastewater, deformable inorganic particle wastewater and organic particle wastewater were studied. After the beds were clogged, using the characteristics of lightweight ceramsite floating up and down with water level, the mitigation effect of clogging with water level fluctuation at different heights (10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm) was explored. The results showed that four kinds of beds had effect on the removal of turbidity and suspended particles. The beds in the treatment of non-deformable inorganic particle wastewater were more likely to cause wetland gap clogging; In the absence of plants, compared with inorganic particles, the clogging degree of substrate in the treatment of organic suspended particulate wastewater was not obvious. After clogging, lightweight ceramsite floats up and down with the water level, three kinds of wetland clogging have been alleviated to some extent.

scholarly journals Optimization of the temperature for the production of synthetic wollastonite based on rice husk

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Elena M. Gotlib ◽  
◽  
Ilya D. Tverdov ◽  
Ekaterina S. Yamaleeva ◽  
Thi Nha Phuong Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Silicon Dioxide ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Amorphous State ◽  
Synthesis Temperature ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Synthetic Wollastonite ◽  
Similar Content ◽  
Natural And Synthetic

Every year around the world, as a result of rice threshing, about 600 million tons of rice husk waste are generated. They pollute the environment, since rice husks do not disintegrate in the ground, due to the presence of silicon dioxide in its composition. Silicon dioxide from rice husk ash differs from other known types of silicon-containing raw materials in that it is in an amorphous state, contains less metal impurities and is chemically more active. At the same time, this amorphous silica can be effectively used in combination with limestone for the synthesis of promising types of fillers for polymer materials, in particular, wollastonite. Based on the results of X-ray analysis, the phase composition of the synthesized filler samples was determined. It was shown that synthetic wollastonite, regardless of the synthesis temperature and the ratio of silicon dioxide and calcium carbonate in its composition, contains mainly β-wollastonite and larnite as impurities. A higher content of β-wollastonite in the composition of the synthesized filler samples is achieved at temperatures of their preparation in the range from 800 to 900 °C. At the same time, in the case of wollastonite with a ratio of silicon dioxide and calcium carbonate 1:1, the synthesis temperature has a greater effect on its composition. Filling epoxy compositions, both natural and synthetic wollastonite, significantly increases their wear resistance. This effect is associated with the anisodiametric shape of the filler particles and is approximately the same when using natural and synthetic wollastonite, with a similar content of β-wollastonite in their composition.

Theoretical model for the tensile strength of polymer materials considering the effects of temperature and particle content

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 015315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Li ◽  
Weiguo Li ◽  
Yong Deng ◽  
Jiaxing Shao ◽  
Jianzuo Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Particle Content ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

Mechanical Properties of Particle Reinforced Resin Composites

2006 ◽  
Vol 514-516 ◽  
pp. 619-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amilcar Ramalho ◽  
P. Vale Antunes ◽  
M.D. Braga de Carvalho ◽  
M. Helena Gil ◽  
J.M.S. Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Inorganic Filler ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Particle Content ◽  
Volume Percentage ◽  
Inorganic Particles ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Concentration Degree ◽  
Polymeric Matrix Composites

The objective of the present work is the evaluation of the contents of inorganic particles in the mechanical and tribological behavior of polymeric matrix composites. In order to control easily the production of the specimens, a polyester resin was used as matrix and silica particles were added as inorganic filler. The volumetric particle content was ranged from 0 to 46%. In order to understand the influence of the inorganic load was evaluated the mechanical and tribological behaviors for several percentage of particle content was evaluated. There are several applications of inorganic fillers where their volume percentage is important, namely in dentistry. In posterior restorative resin materials, the particles percentage in volume goes up to 50 or more. In most cases spherical and irregular shaped fillers are dispersed randomly. In the studied composites the filler has irregular shape therefore the connection between the matrix and the particles is more effective. Function of the shape, concentration degree and particle size of the filler the composite mechanical properties vary greatly. All of these factors influence the mechanical properties of the particlereinforced composite, namely: wear resistance, hardness, flexural modulus, flexure strength and toughness The morphology of the failure surfaces was observed by scanning electron microscopy and the results were widely discussed.

Testing of Polymer Materials: What Methods Should be Used?

1991 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-225
Author(s):  
Per Kjellstrand ◽  
Ulf Boberg
Keyword(s):  
Renal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Test Battery ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Paraffin Oil ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Animal Tests

Tests, performed over a ten-year period, on 653 polymers intended for use in extracorporeal renal replacement therapy, were evaluated. The test battery used included animal tests, in vitro tests and chemical tests. Some tests were found to have a very low sensitivity. Thus, acute systemic toxicity testing in mice with sodium chloride, ethanol or paraffin oil as extractants was performed on a total of 806 occasions. Only two of these resulted in a “fail” decision. The final outcome of the tests for the majority of materials could be predicted by the results of the UV absorption, chloride, inhibition of cell growth, and tin tests. Of the materials that passed these four tests, less than 2% were not approved on the basis of the whole test battery. The experiments show that only a limited number of tests have to be performed when testing polymers intended for use in extracorporeal renal replacement therapy.

Crystallinity and Crystallization Kinetics in Poly(Ethylene Oxide)/Layered Silicate Nanocomposites

2012 ◽  
Vol 714 ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hellen Papananou ◽  
Sapfo Fotiadou ◽  
Kiriaki Chrissopoulou ◽  
Spiros H. Anastasiadis
Keyword(s):  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Layered Silicate ◽  
Scratch Resistance ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Silicate Nanocomposites ◽  
Thermal And Oxidative Stability ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Polymer materials are often filled with inorganic compounds in order to improve their properties [. The optimization of the properties is mostly achieved when the dimensions of the additive is in the nanometer range, producing ananocomposite. Of particular interest among different organic / inorganic nanohybrids are polymer / layered silicate nanocomposites, which constitute a relatively new class of materials that has attracted growing scientific and technological interest due to the unique improvement of properties like strength, stiffness, scratch resistance, thermal and oxidative stability, gas permeability, flammability and biodegradability. These improved properties make them candidates for a number of potential applications in many industrial sectors like, for example, automotive, aerospace, electronics and biotechnology.

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